CN100455565C - 磺酰胺阴离子用作nco低聚反应的催化剂 - Google Patents
磺酰胺阴离子用作nco低聚反应的催化剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN100455565C CN100455565C CNB2004800225141A CN200480022514A CN100455565C CN 100455565 C CN100455565 C CN 100455565C CN B2004800225141 A CNB2004800225141 A CN B2004800225141A CN 200480022514 A CN200480022514 A CN 200480022514A CN 100455565 C CN100455565 C CN 100455565C
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- Prior art keywords
- oligomerization
- isocyanates
- catalysts
- mmol
- ion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- -1 Sulfonamide anions Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000003606 oligomerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical group [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004105 2-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000339 4-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004307 pyrazin-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])N=C(*)C([H])=N1 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000246 pyrimidin-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=NC(*)=NC([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ZTRPYTHOEREHEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperazine pyridine Chemical compound N1CCNCC1.N1=CC=CC=C1.N1=CC=CC=C1 ZTRPYTHOEREHEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 51
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 26
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 18
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- WEDIIKBPDQQQJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1-sulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCS(Cl)(=O)=O WEDIIKBPDQQQJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 8
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical group OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 4
- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- BXKAQLOTVABPFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propylbutane-1-sulfonamide Chemical compound CCCCS(=O)(=O)NCCC BXKAQLOTVABPFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- NHGXDBSUJJNIRV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium chloride Chemical class [Cl-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC NHGXDBSUJJNIRV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- PCHXZXKMYCGVFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diazetidine-2,4-dione Chemical group O=C1NC(=O)N1 PCHXZXKMYCGVFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZDKYYMRLZONTFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane Chemical compound C1CC2(CN=C=O)C(CN=C=O)CC1C2 ZDKYYMRLZONTFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzopyrazine Natural products N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAWJISLDPLWHLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-phenylbutane-1-sulfonamide Chemical compound CCCCS(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 OAWJISLDPLWHLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl alcohol Natural products CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011527 polyurethane coating Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- ROHUXHMNZLHBSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NCC1CCC(CN=C=O)CC1 ROHUXHMNZLHBSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AHBNSOZREBSAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diisocyanato-2-methylpentane Chemical compound O=C=NCC(C)CCCN=C=O AHBNSOZREBSAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940008841 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol Chemical class CCCC(O)C(CC)CO RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PJMDLNIAGSYXLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-iminooxadiazine-4,5-dione Chemical group N=C1ON=NC(=O)C1=O PJMDLNIAGSYXLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCC JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiazole Chemical compound C=1C=NSC=1 ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
- WRKCIHRWQZQBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O WRKCIHRWQZQBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BJQWBACJIAKDTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylphosphanium Chemical class CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC BJQWBACJIAKDTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- JCQGIZYNVAZYOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[P+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC JCQGIZYNVAZYOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 2
- FDYWJVHETVDSRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-diisocyanatobutane Chemical compound CCCC(N=C=O)N=C=O FDYWJVHETVDSRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VKLNMSFSTCXMSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-diisocyanatopentane Chemical compound CCCCC(N=C=O)N=C=O VKLNMSFSTCXMSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTZQTRPPVKQPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=NOC2=C1 KTZQTRPPVKQPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHFWLPWDOYJEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-oxazol-3-amine Chemical compound NC=1C=CON=1 RHFWLPWDOYJEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RAIPHJJURHTUIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound NC1=NC=CS1 RAIPHJJURHTUIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MKZPMOFOBNHBSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-1-methylcyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NC1(C)CCCCC1 MKZPMOFOBNHBSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAXOFTOLAUCFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=NNC2=C1 BAXOFTOLAUCFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASUDFOJKTJLAIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethanamine Chemical compound COCCN ASUDFOJKTJLAIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQJOSTZQDFYIJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxy-3-methylbutanoic acid Chemical compound COCC(C)CC(O)=O IQJOSTZQDFYIJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJWLLQWLBMJCFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylpiperazin-1-amine Chemical compound CN1CCN(N)CC1 RJWLLQWLBMJCFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEZMBAQUUXDDDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCC.N=C=O.N=C=O Chemical compound CCC.N=C=O.N=C=O KEZMBAQUUXDDDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZHESOIPTRUDICE-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCC.N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC.N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O ZHESOIPTRUDICE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNYXHPGLJPPRHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCC.N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC.N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O SNYXHPGLJPPRHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMFJYNOVTQYLTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCCC.N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC.N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O QMFJYNOVTQYLTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCZXOHVXQNYTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCCCC.N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC.N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O ZCZXOHVXQNYTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical class CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYIMHWNKQXQBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCC Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCC KYIMHWNKQXQBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEMVAFGEQGKIOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCCCC Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCCCC OEMVAFGEQGKIOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUCRTFHCJZBKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCCCCC Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCCCCC FUCRTFHCJZBKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGOMVSNLFKNSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCCCCCC Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCCCCCC DGOMVSNLFKNSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSSJCBOUEXFVFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCCCCCCC Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCCCCCCC DSSJCBOUEXFVFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SGXQOOUIOHVMEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC SGXQOOUIOHVMEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzarone Chemical compound CCC=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005243 carbonyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- STBLQDMGPBQTMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane;isocyanic acid Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCCCCC STBLQDMGPBQTMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001411 inorganic cation Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000199 molecular distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- MKQLBNJQQZRQJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N morpholin-4-amine Chemical compound NN1CCOCC1 MKQLBNJQQZRQJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTBLWYWAFUIPDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)butane-1-sulfonamide Chemical compound CCCCS(=O)(=O)NC1=NC=CS1 NTBLWYWAFUIPDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGVNJAQVYMDRGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-methoxyethyl)butane-1-sulfonamide Chemical compound CCCCS(=O)(=O)NCCOC FGVNJAQVYMDRGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonous acid Chemical compound OPO XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LFSXCDWNBUNEEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalazine Chemical compound C1=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 LFSXCDWNBUNEEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQBVUULQVWCGDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol;propan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCO.CC(C)O ZQBVUULQVWCGDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFTQRUTUGRCSGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazin-2-amine Chemical compound NC1=CN=CC=N1 XFTQRUTUGRCSGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinazoline Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003459 sulfonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005622 tetraalkylammonium hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IBWGNZVCJVLSHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC IBWGNZVCJVLSHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene Substances CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCBRTSYWJMECAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl(tetradecyl)phosphanium Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC YCBRTSYWJMECAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFENPMLASUEABX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCOP(=O)(OCCCCCC)OCCCCCC SFENPMLASUEABX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYVOHVLEZJMINC-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphanium Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[P+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC PYVOHVLEZJMINC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea-1-carboxylic acid Chemical group NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with hetero atoms directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/28—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/30—Nitrogen atoms non-acylated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
- C07D241/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D241/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D241/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D241/20—Nitrogen atoms
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D261/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings
- C07D261/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D261/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D261/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D261/14—Nitrogen atoms
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- C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D277/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D277/38—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D277/50—Nitrogen atoms bound to hetero atoms
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Abstract
本发明涉及磺酰胺盐作为催化剂在异氰酸酯低聚化中的应用,以及一种使用本发明的催化剂进行NCO低聚反应的方法。
Description
本发明涉及磺酰胺(sulphonamide)盐作为催化剂在异氰酸酯低聚化中的应用,以及一种使用本发明的催化剂进行NCO低聚反应的方法。
由于单体二异氰酸酯具有挥发性和毒性,因此不能用作聚氨酯涂料体系的交联剂,所以通常是使用单体含量低的高分子量衍生物,例如那些基于脲二酮(uretdione)、异氰脲酸酯、缩二脲、氨基甲酸乙酯或脲基甲酸酯的高分子量衍生物。例如,关于这些多异氰酸酯的综述和如何制备它们的描述见J.Prakt.Chem./Chem.Ztg.1994,336,185-200。
一般通过两个或三个NCO官能团互相反应来进行的异氰酸酯的低聚反应会得到下列通式1-3所示的结构,其中脲二酮结构(类型1)和异氰脲酸酯结构(类型2)是工业上非常重要的结构。
X=碳主链
文献中已描述了多种作为催化剂用在低聚反应中的共价型和离子型催化剂(J.Prakt.Chem./Chem.Ztg.1994,336,185-200)。但是,不带电荷的共价型结构比类盐的化合物表现出更低的活性,以致于对于给定的转化反应,需要使用更多的催化剂或延长反应的时间。
DE-A3100263、EP-A339396和EP-A330966中描述了用于异氰酸酯低聚反应的类盐结构的催化剂,诸如羧酸盐、氟化物和氢氧化物。这些催化剂在形成异氰脲酸酯(类型2)中表现出高选择性,但是几乎没有或者根本没有任何二聚的结构(类型1)形成。
已经发现,磺酰胺盐是同样高活性的NCO低聚反应催化剂,可以得到二聚产物和/或三聚产物,并且特别是在脂环族异氰酸酯的情况下,通过改变硫和/或氮上的取代基就可以在很广的范围内改变二聚体与三聚体的比例。
因此,本发明提供通式(I)磺酰胺盐在异氰酸酯低聚化中的应用,
其中,
R1、R2各自独立地为等同或不同的脂族、脂环族、芳族或芳脂族基,这些基任选是支化的、取代的和/或含杂原子的,
离子(+)是有机或无机阳离子。
较佳地,
R1是任选支化和/或取代的脂族或脂环族C1-C24基,其任选含有多达三个选自氧、硫或氮的杂原子,
R2是上述R2所定义的一类基,以及
离子(+)是碱金属或碱土金属阳离子或铵离子或鏻离子。
优选的所述阳离子(离子(+))的例子是Li+、Na+、K+、Mg2+和Ca2+以及通式(II)的铵阳离子或鏻阳离子,
其中,
E是氮或磷,
R3、R4和R5各自独立地为等同或不同的脂族、脂环族或芳脂族、任选含杂原子的基或氢原子,以及
R6如上述R3、R4或R5所定义或如通式(III)
其中,
X是二价的、任选含杂原子的脂族、脂环族或芳脂族C1-C12基,以及
R3、R4、R5和E如上所定义。
更佳地,
R1是任选支化的脂族或脂环族C1-C18基,其任选最多含有3个选自元素氧、硫、氮的杂原子和/或任选含有卤素、氰基(cyanide)、硝基、烷基、芳基、烷氧基、芳氧基和/或二烷基氨基取代基,
R2如上述更佳的R1所定义,或者是选自基团苯基、甲苯基、萘基、联苯基、菲基、吡咯烷、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、吡咯、咪唑、吡唑、吲哚、吲唑、吡啶、嘧啶、哒嗪、吡嗪、喹啉、异喹啉、酞嗪、喹喔啉、喹唑啉、噻唑、苯并噻唑、异噻唑、噁唑、苯并噁唑、异噻唑、苯并异噁唑、呋喃、苯并呋喃、噻吩和苯并噻吩的基,其任选含有一个或多个选自基团卤素、硝基、氰基、羰基、羰基烷基、羰基芳基、烷基、芳基、烷氧基、芳氧基和二烷基氨基的取代基,以及
离子(+)是Li+、Na+、K+或通式(II)的一价铵阳离子或鏻阳离子,
其中,E是氮或磷,以及
R3、R4、R5和R6各自独立地为等同的或不同的脂族、脂环族或芳脂族、任选含杂原子的C1-C18基。
最佳地,
R1如上述的更佳的R1所定义,
R2是如R1所定义的基或选自基团苯基、吡咯烷、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉、2-嘧啶基、2-噻唑基、2-苯并噻唑基、2-吡嗪基(2-pyrazyl)、2-吡啶基和4-吡啶基,以及
离子(+)是如上述更佳的离子(+)所定义的一价阳离子。
本发明还提供一种异氰酸酯低聚化的方法,其中a)在b)和c)存在下发生低聚反应,其中
a)为一种或多种平均NCO官能度≥1的有机化合物;
b)为包含一种或多种通式(I)的磺酰胺盐的催化剂,以及
c)为任选的溶剂。
在本发明方法中,组分a)可包括所有本领域技术人员已知的,NCO官能度≥1、优选≥2的脂族、脂环族、芳脂族和/或芳族异氰酸酯,它们可单独使用或相互混合作为任何所需的混合物使用,它们是通过光气化过程还是非光气化过程制备是无关紧要的。
优选使用上述种类的脂族、脂环族和/或芳脂族异氰酸酯,其具有碳原子数为3-30、优选4-20的碳主链(除去存在的NCO基团)。
特别优选的组分a)的化合物是上述种类的具有与脂族和/或脂环族连接的NCO基团的化合物,诸如,双(异氰酸基烷基)醚、双-和三-(异氰酸基烷基)苯、-甲苯和二甲苯、丙烷二异氰酸酯、丁烷二异氰酸酯、戊烷二异氰酸酯、己烷二异氰酸酯(例如,1,6-己二异氰酸酯,HDI)、庚烷二异氰酸酯、辛烷二异氰酸酯、壬烷二异氰酸酯(例如,三甲基-HDI(TMDI),一般作为2,4,4和2,2,4异构体的混合物)、壬烷三异氰酸酯(例如,4-异氰酸基甲基-1,8-辛烷二异氰酸酯)、癸烷二异氰酸酯、癸烷三异氰酸酯、十一烷二异氰酸酯、十一烷三异氰酸酯、十二烷二异氰酸酯、十二烷三异氰酸酯、1,3-和1,4-双(异氰酸基甲基)环己烷(H6XDI)、3-异氰酸基甲基-3,5,5-三甲基环己基异氰酸酯(异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,IPDI)、双(4-异氰酸基环己基)甲烷(H12MDI)、双(异氰酸基甲基)降冰片烷(NBDI)或3(4)-异氰酸基甲基-1-甲基环己基异氰酸酯(IMCI)。
特别优选的组分a)的化合物是1,6-己二异氰酸酯(HDI)、三甲基-HDI(TMDI)、2-甲基戊烷1,5-二异氰酸酯(MPDI)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、1,3-和1,4-双(异氰酸基甲基)环己烷(H6XDI)、双(异氰酸基甲基)降冰片烷(NBDI)、3(4)-异氰酸基甲基-1-甲基环己基异氰酸酯(IMCI)和/或2,4’-和/或4,4’-双(异氰酸基环己基)甲烷(H12MDI)或这些异氰酸酯的混合物。
也可以使用合适的单官能异氰酸酯。
在本发明方法中,以组分a)的量为基准计,催化剂b)的量为0.01摩尔%至10摩尔%,优选0.05摩尔%至5摩尔,更优选0.1摩尔%至3摩尔%,本文中的摩尔%数是指以摩尔计的所用组分a)中异氰酸酯的物质总量。
本发明方法的催化剂b)优选使用排它地通式(I)的磺酰胺。
催化剂b)可以未溶解的形式作为化合物本身或以溶液的形式使用在本发明方法中。在以溶液的形式使用时,应对溶剂加以选择,以使在用分子或离子型离解剂(dissociation)溶解催化剂时,它不会因为化学反应而改变一个或多个磺酰胺离子的组成和/或分子结构。同时,溶剂对NCO官能团必须是惰性的,或者与异氰酸酯反应只生成脲、缩二脲、氨基甲酸乙酯或脲基甲酸酯基团。
当催化剂b)以溶液形式使用时,优选使用直链或支链的C1-C20醇,优选OH官能度≥1的C1-C10醇,诸如甲醇、乙醇、1-和2-丙醇、同分异构的丁醇、2-乙基己醇、2-乙基己烷-1,3-二醇、1,3-和1,4-丁二醇或1-甲氧基-2-丙醇。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,催化剂b)以溶液的形式使用。
在本发明方法中,如果合适的话也可以使用作为组分c)的溶剂,但优选的是除任选使用的催化剂溶剂外,不使用作为组分c)的其它溶剂。
本发明的方法优选在0℃至100℃、更优选在20℃至100℃的温度下进行。
要理解,如果需要的话,本发明方法也可在减压或加压下进行。
本发明方法可连续或分批进行。连续过程包括,例如,在管式反应器中或在阶式槽装置中制备,而分批过程是例如在一个槽或一个瓶中进行反应。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,以初始存在的NCO基团的总量为基准计,NCO低聚反应进行到转化率为10摩尔%至60摩尔%时停止,未反应的异氰酸酯用(例如)任选减压的蒸馏方法来分离除去,得到树脂形式的低聚化的异氰酸酯。
适用于终止低聚反应的技术原则上包括本领域技术人员已知的所有的方法(J.Prakt.Chem./Chem.Ztg.1994,336,185-190)。这些方法包括通过萃取或过滤等方法来除去催化剂,如果合适的话,可以借助于吸附载体材料,通过热处理和/或加入酸或酸的衍生物来使催化剂体系失去活性,这些酸或酸的衍生物诸如苯甲酰氯、邻苯二酰氯、三价膦酸、亚膦酸或亚磷酸、次膦酸、膦酸或磷酸或上述这些含磷的酸的酸酯(acidic ester)。优选的终止剂是磷酸单烷酯或磷酸二烷酯,诸如磷酸(二)丁酯、磷酸(二)辛酯或磷酸(二)三己酯,硫酸或其酸酯,或磺酸,诸如优选的甲磺酸和对苯甲磺酸,或磺酸酯,如对苯甲磺酸酯。
终止反应所需的催化剂毒剂的量由活性催化剂的量决定。一般来说,以初始使用的催化剂的量为基准计,使用70-150摩尔%的终止剂;以催化剂的使用量为基准计,优选使用等摩尔量的终止剂。
由本发明的方法得到的多异氰酸酯可通过现有技术中常用的方法来进行分离和纯化,这些常用的方法诸如薄膜蒸馏、萃取、结晶和/或分子蒸馏。得到的产物是无色或微带颜色的液体或固体。
用于异氰酸酯低聚反应的本发明催化剂的一个特别优点在于该催化剂在形成异氰脲酸酯方面选择性高,如果适当的话,对形成脲二酮也是一样的;它们在此情况下是高活性的,如果有亚氨基噁二嗪二酮部分形成,那也是非常少的。在脂环族异氰酸酯的低聚反应中,本发明的催化剂还特别表现出能形成NCO二聚体的趋势,这种趋势对于离子型催化剂来说是出乎意料的高。
依据本发明制备的多异氰酸酯是制备各种不同用途的聚合物的原料,例如,制备泡沫塑料或不发泡塑料或聚氨酯涂料,特别是制备施涂于如木材、塑料、皮革、金属、纸张、水泥、砖石、陶瓷和织物之类的材料上的单组分或双组分聚氨酯涂料、胶粘剂和助剂。
实施例
转化率的百分数通过将转化的异氰酸酯的量除以使用的异氰酸酯的总量再乘以100来计算。除非另有指示,所有的其它百分数应理解为重量百分数。
本发明实施例和对比例中所述的树脂的NCO含量依据DIN 53 185通过滴定来确定。
所用物质的缩写
DMSO:二甲基亚砜
n-Bu或Bu:正丁基
i-PrOH:异丙醇
在23℃下使用来自Haake(Karlsruhe,德国)的粘度计VT550,锥形盘测量装置PK 100来测量多异氰酸酯的动态粘度。测量在不同的剪切速率下进行,是为了确保本发明所述的多异氰酸酯混合物的流变性质与对比产物一样对应于理想牛顿液体的流变性质,因此,不需要陈述剪切速率。
为了确定异氰酸酯的转化率,将制备的20毫克至40毫克反应混合物溶解在3毫升氯仿中,并用凝胶渗透色谱(柱MZ-Gel Sdplus 500A 5微米,MZ-Analysentechnik,Mainz,德国)进行分析。因为测量溶液是被高度稀释的,所以不需要去活催化剂。NCO转化率或树脂产率可由检测到的单体异氰酸酯的量来进行计算。
随后,通过分析所形成的类型1-3的结构来确定所用催化剂的选择性。这通过向KBr盘之间的测量区域内加入30微升反应混合物,用IR光谱(光谱仪:Arid-Zone,来自Bomem,Quebec,加拿大,扫描数10,分辨率2厘米-1)来完成。在1760厘米-1(类型1的结构)、1690厘米-1(类型2的结构)和1780厘米-1(类型3的结构)处的振动频率可用来表明形成了类型1-3的结构。当形成不止一种结构类型时,用13C-NMR测量方法来进行定量评估,并通过信号积分来计算产物的量。
对于13C-NMR分析,各将0.5毫升反应混合物与化学计量的(以所用催化剂的量为基准)磷酸二正丁酯混合,以使催化剂失去活性,从而阻止进一步的反应。加入氘代氯仿,得到浓度约为50重量%的树脂。测量在来自德国Karlsruhe,Bruker的DPX 400上进行,13C共振频率为100MHz。所用的ppm级参照物是作为内标的四甲基硅烷。所讨论的化合物的化学位移数据引自文献(参见,Die Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 1986,141,173-183及其引用文献)和/或通过测量标准样来获得。
本发明催化剂的制备
实施例1:正丁基-N-正丙基磺酰胺的制备
将6.9毫升正丙胺(4.9克,84毫摩尔)和11.6毫升三乙胺(8.5克,84毫摩尔)在室温下溶解在85毫升二氯甲烷中。同样在室温下于1小时内将10.9毫升正丁烷磺酰氯(13.1克,84毫摩尔)滴加到此溶液中。在将反应混合物搅拌20小时后,用50毫升水洗涤两次。用硫酸镁干燥有机相,蒸馏除去二氯甲烷,留下的油状剩余物在真空下干燥。得到13.5克目标化合物,其组成通过NMR光谱来确定。
实施例2:正丁基-N-(2-甲氧基乙基)磺酰胺的制备
将6.4毫升2-甲氧基乙胺(5.5克,73.7毫摩尔)和10.2毫升三乙胺(7.4克,73.7毫摩尔)在室温下溶解在72毫升二氯甲烷中。同样在室温下于1小时内将9.6毫升正丁烷磺酰氯(11.5克,73.7毫摩尔)滴加到此溶液中。在室温下将反应混合物搅拌1小时后,用100毫升水洗涤两次。用硫酸镁干燥有机相,蒸馏除去二氯甲烷,留下的油状剩余物在真空下干燥。得到12.4克目标化合物,其组成通过NMR光谱来确定。
实施例3:正丁基-N-4-甲基哌嗪基磺酰胺的制备
将8.9毫升1-氨基-4-甲基哌嗪(8.5克,73.7毫摩尔)和10.2毫升三乙胺(7.4克,73.7毫摩尔)在室温下溶解在72毫升二氯甲烷中。同样在室温下于1小时内将9.6毫升正丁烷磺酰氯(11.5克,73.7毫摩尔)滴加到此溶液中。在室温下将反应混合物搅拌22小时后,用100毫升水洗涤两次。用硫酸镁干燥有机相,蒸馏除去二氯甲烷,留下的油状剩余物在真空下干燥。得到11.6克目标化合物,其组成通过NMR光谱来确定。
实施例4:正丁基-N-异噁唑磺酰胺的制备
将6.2克3-氨基异噁唑(73.7毫摩尔)和10.2毫升三乙胺(7.4克,73.7毫摩尔)在室温下溶解在72毫升THF中。同样在室温下于1小时内将9.6毫升正丁烷磺酰氯(11.5克,73.7毫摩尔)滴加到此溶液中。在室温下将反应混合物搅拌22小时后,用200毫升二氯甲烷稀释,然后用200毫升1N的NaOH经过摇晃萃取两次。使用浓HCl小心将水相的pH调节到1-2,然后用100毫升二氯甲烷萃取两次。在用硫酸镁干燥后,除去有机相中的溶剂,在真空下干燥油状剩余物。得到7.8克目标化合物,其组成通过NMR光谱来确定。
实施例5:正丁基-N-2-噻唑基磺酰胺的制备
将7.4克2-氨基噻唑(73.7毫摩尔)和10.2毫升三乙胺(7.4克,73.7毫摩尔)在室温下溶解在100毫升THF中。再在室温下于1小时内将9.6毫升正丁烷磺酰氯(11.5克,73.7毫摩尔)滴加到此溶液中。在室温下将反应混合物搅拌21小时后,再加入4毫升正丁烷磺酰氯(4.8克,30.8毫摩尔),并继续在室温下搅拌20小时。用100毫升1N的NaOH对反应混合物洗涤两次,然后用水洗涤到中性(pH6-7)。用硫酸镁干燥有机相,然后除去有机相中的溶剂。用80毫升叔丁基甲基醚对所得的9.0克粗产物进行重结晶。得到3.2克目标化合物,其组成通过NMR光谱来确定。
实施例6:正丁基-N-吗啉磺酰胺的制备
将3.8克N-氨基吗啉(36.9毫摩尔)和5.1毫升三乙胺(3.7克,36.9毫摩尔)在室温下溶解在40毫升二氯甲烷中。再在室温下于1小时内将4.8毫升正丁烷磺酰氯(5.8克,36.9毫摩尔)滴加到此溶液中。在室温下将反应混合物搅拌20小时后,用50毫升水经过摇晃萃取反应混合物两次。用硫酸镁干燥有机相并浓缩。用30毫升叔丁基甲基醚对所得的6.7克粗产物进行重结晶。所得目标产物的组成通过NMR光谱来确定。
实施例7:正丁基-N-吡嗪磺酰胺的制备
将7.0克氨基吡嗪(73.7毫摩尔)和10.2毫升三乙胺(7.4克,73.7毫摩尔)在室温下溶解在72毫升二氯甲烷中。再在室温下于1小时内将9.6毫升正丁烷磺酰氯(11.5克,73.7毫摩尔)滴加到此溶液中。在室温下搅拌20小时后,将批料与100毫升水混合,然后用200毫升二氯甲烷萃取两次。有机相用100毫升水洗涤一次,并用硫酸镁进行干燥。用200毫升1N的NaOH萃取在200毫升二氯甲烷中的粗产物。用浓HCl将水相的pH调节到1-2,然后用200毫升二氯甲烷进行萃取。用硫酸镁干燥有机相并浓缩。得到4.0克目标化合物,其组成通过NMR光谱来确定。
实施例8:正丁基-N-苯基磺酰胺的制备
将9.9克苯胺(10.1克,108.4毫摩尔)和15毫升三乙胺(11.0克,108.4毫摩尔)在50℃下溶解在108毫升二氯甲烷中。再在50℃下于1小时内将14.1毫升正丁烷磺酰氯(17.0克,108.4毫摩尔)滴加到此溶液中。在50℃下搅拌15分钟后,用100毫升水将反应混合物萃取两次。用150毫升1N的NaOH萃取在150毫升二氯甲烷中的溶液中的所得粗产物。用浓HCl将水相的pH调节到1-2,并用100毫升二氯甲烷进行萃取。用硫酸镁干燥,并通过蒸馏除去二氯甲烷,得到17.0克目标化合物,其组成通过NMR光谱来确定。
实施例9:正丁基-N-正丙基磺酰胺阴离子的四丁基铵盐的合成
将来自实施例1的6.7克正丁基-N-正丙基磺酰胺(37.3毫摩尔)溶解在7.5毫升甲醇中所形成的溶液在室温下滴加到7.1毫升30%浓度的甲醇钠溶液(37.3毫摩尔)中。在室温下继续搅拌1小时,然后逐滴加入16.9克浓度为61.4%的氯化四丁基铵(37.3毫摩尔)的异丙醇溶液。将混合物在室温下再搅拌1小时,然后过滤除去沉淀的NaCl。滤液在真空下除去溶剂。剩余物在真空下干燥,以除去最后的溶剂残余物。得到14.1克油状产物。目标化合物的组成通过NMR光谱来确定。
实施例10-15
通过与实施例9类似的步骤,制备实施例2、3和5-8的磺酰胺的四丁基铵盐,并用NMR光谱进行表征。
实施例16:正丁基-N-正丙基磺酰胺阴离子的四丁基鏻盐的合成
将来自实施例1的6.7克正丁基-N-正丙基磺酰胺(37.3毫摩尔)溶解在7.5毫升甲醇中所形成的溶液在室温下滴加到7.1毫升30%浓度的甲醇钠溶液(37.3毫摩尔)中。在室温下继续搅拌1小时,然后逐滴加入15.4克浓度为71.4%的氯化四丁基鏻(37.3毫摩尔)的异丙醇溶液。将混合物在室温下再搅拌1小时,然后过滤除去沉淀的NaCl。滤液在真空下除去溶剂。剩余物在真空下干燥,以除去最后的溶剂残余物。得到16.6克油状产物。目标化合物的组成通过NMR光谱来确定。
实施例17-22
通过与实施例16类似的步骤,制备实施例2、3和5-8的磺酰胺的四丁基鏻盐,并用NMR光谱进行表征。
实施例23:正丁基-N-苯基磺酰胺阴离子的三正丁基十四烷基鏻盐的合成
将来自实施例8的2.2克正丁基-N-苯基磺酰胺(10.5毫摩尔)溶解在7毫升甲醇中所形成的溶液在室温下滴加到2毫升30%浓度的甲醇钠溶液(10.5毫摩尔)中。在室温下继续搅拌1小时,然后逐滴加入4.6克氯化三正己基十四烷基鏻(10.5毫摩尔)。将混合物在室温下再搅拌1小时,然后过滤除去沉淀的NaCl。滤液在真空下除去溶剂。剩余物在真空下干燥,以除去最后的溶剂残余物。得到5.2克油状产物。目标化合物的组成通过NMR光谱来确定。
实施例24
通过与实施例23类似的步骤,制备实施例7的磺酰胺的三正丁基十四烷基鏻盐。用NMR光谱进行表征。
实施例25:正丁基-N-苯基磺酰胺阴离子的三正己基十四烷基鏻盐的合成
将2.2克正丁基-N-苯基磺酰胺(10.5毫摩尔)溶解在7毫升甲醇中所形成的溶液在室温下滴加到2毫升30%浓度的甲醇钠溶液(10.5毫摩尔)中。在室温下继续搅拌1小时,然后逐滴加入5.4克氯化三正己基十四烷基鏻(10.5毫摩尔)。将混合物在室温下再搅拌1小时,然后过滤除去沉淀的NaCl。滤液在真空下除去溶剂。剩余物在真空下干燥,以除去最后的溶剂残余物。得到6.3克油状产物。目标化合物的组成通过NMR光谱来确定。
实施例26
通过与实施例25类似的步骤,制备实施例7的磺酰胺的三正己基十四烷基鏻盐。目标化合物的组成用NMR光谱来确定。
实施例27至29:本发明的低聚反应
一般说明
称取表1至3中实施例27-29所列量的纯催化剂,放入到一个带有隔膜密封的玻璃容器中。然后将该容器抽空两次,再注入氩气。然后用注射器经隔膜加入表1至3的实施例27-29中的所列量的二异氰酸酯。
当催化剂作为溶液使用时(实施例27c、d、e、f;28c、d、h、i;29a、b、g、h),带有隔膜的反应器被抽空两次,再注入氩气。使用注射器将各5毫升的二异氰酸酯加入到如此制备的容器中,然后在搅拌下加入相应量的在溶剂中的所述催化剂。
随后将所得的混合物在下表所列的条件下在油浴或搅拌的加热套(block)(例如,Variomag反应套型48.2/RM,来自H&P Labortechnik GmbH,Oberschleiβheim,德国)中反应
随后,进行如上所述的分析。
表1:本发明的HDI低聚化的结果
表2:本发明的IPDI低聚化的结果
表3:本发明的H12MDI低聚化的结果
对比例1-3
对比例1a:HDI的反应
对比例2a:IPDI的反应
对比例3a:H12MDI的反应
可以看出,氢氧化四烷基铵的类盐结构是高活性的,但是在产物混合物中只产生少量的脲二酮。实际上,在DHI反应中,可以观察到明显有亚氨基噁二嗪二酮结构形成。与此对照,本发明的催化剂,由于其硫和氮原子上的取代结构起作用,能够使脲二酮/异氰脲酸酯的比例在很大范围内变化,同时又具有高催化活性。而且,当直线型脂族HDI反应时,可以观察到对异氰脲酸酯的很高的选择性,同时完全不会形成不对称的三聚体(类型3)。
实施例30:方法实施例
4.4’-二异氰酸酯基二环己基甲烷的三聚反应
将500克(1.91摩尔)4.4’-二异氰酸酯基二环己基甲烷在真空(2毫巴)下脱气30分钟,然后用充入干燥氮气,加热到60℃。在搅拌下,将2.3克(3.3毫摩尔)浓度为60%的实施例9的催化剂在2-乙基-1,3-己二醇中所形成的溶液在1小时内加入,加入的速率应使反应混合物的温度不超过70℃。在催化剂加料结束后,通过加入0.7克(3.3毫摩尔)磷酸二丁酯来终止三聚反应。混合物中NCO含量为25.8%,相对于低聚反应程度为19.0%。然后将透明的、浅黄色粗溶液与26.5克基于HDI的异氰脲酸酯多异氰酸酯(依据EP-A330966的实施例12制得)混合,然后根据实施例2中所述通过薄膜蒸馏除去过量的4.4’-二异氰酸酯基二环己基甲烷。将所得的固体树脂溶解在1-甲氧基丙-2-基乙酸酯和二甲苯(xylolene)所组成的混合物(1∶1)中,并调节固体树脂含量为70%。得到灰白色、透明的多异氰酸酯溶液,该溶液中NCO含量为10.4%、单体4.4’-二异氰酸酯基二环己基甲烷含量为0.2%,粘度(23℃)为6.060mPas。
Claims (4)
3.一种异氰酸酯低聚化的方法,其特征在于,a)在b)和c)存在下发生低聚反应,其中
a)为一种或多种平均异氰酸酯官能度≥1的有机化合物;
b)为包含一种或多种如权利要求1或2中所述通式(I)的磺酰胺盐的催化剂,以及
c)为任选的C1-C10醇或二甲基亚砜。
4.如权利要求3所述的异氰酸酯低聚化的方法,其特征在于,异氰酸酯低聚反应在20℃至100℃的温度下进行,直到所有异氰酸酯基团的10-60摩尔%发生转化,然后加入催化剂毒剂终止低聚反应,通过蒸馏分离除去未反应的单体异氰酸酯。
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DE10336184A1 (de) * | 2003-08-07 | 2005-02-24 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Neue Katalysatoren für die selektive Isocyanatdimerisierung |
DE102004048775A1 (de) * | 2004-10-07 | 2006-04-13 | Degussa Ag | Hoch reaktive uretdiongruppenhaltige Polyurethanzusammensetzungen |
DE102006023262A1 (de) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-11-22 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Neue Katalysatoren für die selektive Isocyanatdimerisierung |
US20100198734A1 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-08-05 | The Carlar Group | Method and System for Integrating an Entertainment-Based Project with a Method and System from the Financial Protocol of a Financial Institution Via a Communications Network |
ES2434990T3 (es) * | 2008-11-10 | 2013-12-18 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Un sistema catalítico de trimerización de isocianato, una formulación precursora, un procedimiento para trimerizar isocianatos, espumas rígidas de poliisocianurato/poliuretano hechas a partir del mismo y un procedimiento para hacer dichas espumas |
KR101702704B1 (ko) | 2013-07-23 | 2017-02-03 | 제일모직주식회사 | 포스포늄 이온 함유 화합물, 이를 포함하는 에폭시수지 조성물, 및 이를 사용하여 제조된 장치 |
CN114112965B (zh) * | 2020-08-31 | 2024-04-09 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种检测异氰酸酯中痕量水分的方法及其在线监控的应用 |
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DE502004002481D1 (de) | 2007-02-08 |
HK1091852A1 (en) | 2007-01-26 |
ES2279399T3 (es) | 2007-08-16 |
MXPA06001441A (es) | 2006-05-15 |
US7060817B2 (en) | 2006-06-13 |
EP1654324A1 (de) | 2006-05-10 |
WO2005017037A1 (de) | 2005-02-24 |
ATE349494T1 (de) | 2007-01-15 |
EP1654324B1 (de) | 2006-12-27 |
US20050033005A1 (en) | 2005-02-10 |
JP2007501769A (ja) | 2007-02-01 |
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CA2534850A1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
CN1833003A (zh) | 2006-09-13 |
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