CN100438362C - A method for implementing software hot-backup of main and reserve machines - Google Patents
A method for implementing software hot-backup of main and reserve machines Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for realizing master/backup dual-CPU hot backup by software, which comprises the steps: a. after a backup board operates normally, a batch backup request is sent to a master board; b. the master board receives the request, and the batch backup of the data including transmission control protocol (TCP) data is carried out on the backup board; c. the batch backup of the data is completed to start the real-time backup state of the data so as to judge whether the data including the TCP data on the master board changes or not; if the data changes, then a real-time backup message is transmitted from the master board to the backup board, step d is executed, else step e is executed; d. after the backup board receives the message, the changed data including the TCP data of the master board is transmitted to the backup board in real time; e. the normal operation of the master board is judged, if true, step c is returned to, else step f is executed; f. the master board and the backup board are switched, and the data including the TCP data is smoothly processed so as to be in a normal operating state. When the master board of a communication system has failures such as a breakdown or a reset, etc., the method can ensure that communication services realized on the basis of TCP in the communication system can not be influenced, thereby ensuring unblocked communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the redundant technique of telecommunication apparatus, relate in particular to a kind of method that realizes active and standby two-node cluster hot backup on the software.
Background technology
Telecommunication apparatus reliability of operation and continuity are vital, so the telecommunication apparatus of many keys all is provided with the redundancy scheme of active and standby two-node cluster hot backup on hardware.Active and standby two-node cluster hot backup is meant that two identical machines work simultaneously, in case main frame breaks down, system should be able to automatically switch, and standby host is upgraded to main frame, and is unimpeded to guarantee communication.Because communication protocol is very complicated agreement, communication software also is the very high software of complexity.For many years, communication software is based on centralized always, in recent years, along with the continuous expansion of access service, the communication software of distributed frame occurred.Distributed software has the branch of master control borad and interface board software.Wherein master control borad software carries important system's control data, and has write down the configuration data and the information of all veneers, needs very high reliability.In order to reduce the devastating impact that master control borad crashes system is caused under the fortuitous event to greatest extent, some technology is also carried out the Switchover mechanism of active and standby two-node cluster hot backup on software now, the branch that main board and standby plate are promptly arranged on software, when in case main board software take place to crash or reset and wait other faults, standby plate software can be automatically changeb to main board software, system can continue normal operation, simultaneously to the successful business of setting up in some systems, as video, voice, download etc., do not interrupt before and after switching, whole process is to user transparent.
Current a lot of communication service all is based on transmission control protocol (TCP) realization, in the use of the communication service that realizes based on Transmission Control Protocol, application program can the direct control tcp protocol layer, but utilize a kind of DLL (dynamic link library) Socket and Transmission Control Protocol to communicate, Socket can provide the connection-oriented or connectionless communication service of client to server (client-server) form to application program as the DLL (dynamic link library) between a kind of Transmission Control Protocol and the application program.For connection-oriented service, a public server is monitored connection request for a long time, just creates new Socket and new process and client communication when request is arranged, and new Socket and new process all are closed behind the sign off.
The related data structure of Socket and TCP is huge and complicated, and it is simplified, obtains after abstract structure as shown in Figure 1, as shown in Figure 1, and wherein:
The data structure of Socket and TCP is separated into three parts with empty frame: the part in the empty frame 101 is the Socket data structure; Part in the empty frame 102 is the protocol control block INPCB (InternetProtocol Control Block) of transport layer protocol; Part in the empty frame 103 is connection status controll block (TCPCB).Each host-host protocol such as TCP, User Datagram Protoco (UDP) (UDP) etc., INPCB is all arranged, and TCPCB is that connection-oriented Transmission Control Protocol is distinctive.
The single-track link table 104 that in system, has a task control block structure (TCB_S), each uses the unique corresponding TCB_S of task of Socket, such as TCB_S105, the main contents of TCB_S105 comprise task number task id and FILE_S, FILE_S is used for " file " structure that the description task is opened, here said " file " can be the disk file on the common meaning, also can be Socket, but do not use disk file in the embedded system, we are abstract with it for convenience, think and have only Socket.A task can be opened a plurality of files, a plurality of FILE_S are also just arranged, these FILE_S form linear list and are placed among the TCB_S, be exactly the file[0 among the TCB_S], file[1] ..., the corresponding FILE_S106 of each file, mainly comprise among the FILE_S106 such as reading (read), write methods such as (write), and a pointer socket who points to Socket structure (SOCKET_S) 107.
SOCKET_S107 comprises that mainly one is pointed to pointer pcb, agreement switch list pointer proto_sw, task number task id, the transmit queue send_q of host-host protocol controll block structure (INPCB_S) 108 and receives formation rcv_q etc.
The unique corresponding SOCKET_S of each INPCB_S.INPCB_S108 mainly comprises far-end address and port numbers foreign, local address and port numbers local, Socket pointer, locking route route and the relevant controll block pointer prorelated_pcb of agreement that points to the TCPCB_S09 structure.
TCPCB_S109 is that TCP is distinctive, be used to describe the various parameters of connection, mainly comprise the data pointer rcv_next that receives data queue, connection status state, each timer timers, PCB pointer pcb, the initial pointer send_unack of data that is not identified, sends pointer send_next and expectation reception.
From the above, still not a kind of Connection-oriented Protocol of Transmission Control Protocol, and its data structure is very complicated, Transmission Control Protocol has the state machine of oneself, have and confirm and retransmission mechanism, Congestion Avoidance methods such as send window are arranged, therefore it is very difficult keeping the consistent of Transmission Control Protocol itself on two veneers, realization is too high based on the difficulty of the communication service heat backup method of Transmission Control Protocol, thus current also do not have a kind of effectively, realize method based on the active and standby two-node cluster hot backup of communication service of Transmission Control Protocol.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of method that realizes active and standby two-node cluster hot backup on the software, thereby during faults such as the main board that guarantees communication system takes place to crash or resets, the communication service that realizes based on Transmission Control Protocol in the communication system can not be affected, guarantee the unimpeded of communication, improve communication system ground reliability.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention specifically is achieved in that
A kind of method that realizes active and standby two-node cluster hot backup on the software is characterized in that, its this method may further comprise the steps:
After a, the standby plate operation normally, send ready information and batch backup request to main board;
B, main board receive ready information and batch backup request, comprise the batch backup of the data of Transmission Control Protocol data to standby plate; Described Transmission Control Protocol data are that each TCP connects data among pairing data structure task control block structure TCB_S, document control block structure FILE_S, socket structure SOCKET_S, host-host protocol controll block structure I NPCB_S and the connection status controll block structure TCPCB_S in the main board; Standby plate receives after the Transmission Control Protocol data of batch backup, is connected corresponding task number according to the TCP that comprises among task control block structure TCB_S and the socket structure SOCKET_S, recovers TCP and connects corresponding data and data structure;
C, enter the state of backing up in realtime of data, under this state, whether the data that comprise the Transmission Control Protocol data on the real-time judge main board change, if, then main board sends the message of backing up in realtime to standby plate, after standby plate receives this message, with the data that comprise the Transmission Control Protocol data that change on the main board, be transferred to standby plate in real time, and execution in step d; Otherwise, direct execution in step d;
Whether d, real-time judge main board run well, if then return step c; Otherwise, execution in step e;
E, carry out the switching of main board and standby plate, standby plate is upgraded to main board, and enters normal operating condition.
Described Transmission Control Protocol data comprise the configuration data and the status data of Transmission Control Protocol.
Under the described state of backing up in realtime, after the TCP on the main board connected disconnection, main board was sent out message to standby plate, and the notice standby plate is removed this TCP and connected.
The described processing procedure of judging whether main board runs well is: the information on the throne of main board is judged by system, if information on the throne is arranged, then main board runs well, otherwise main board does not run well.
The handoff procedure of described main board and standby plate is: all interface board of notifications disconnects and being connected of main board, and changes into standby plate being connected, by standby plate reception and the processing that sends data and carry out data.
Further comprise the smoothing processing process in the described handoff procedure, will comprise that the data of Transmission Control Protocol data are carried out smoothing processing.
Described data smoothing is treated to: when standby plate had just switched to new main board, the status data with each variation from the interface board read on the new main board.
Described smoothing processing process also comprises: described new main board checks whether serial number and state information that each TCP of local terminal connects in the data serial number is connected with each TCP of state information and opposite end be consistent, if it is consistent, then enter normal operating condition, otherwise, earlier the TCP connection that makes a mistake is disconnected or the packet loss processing, reenter normal operating condition afterwards again.
Method of the present invention all gets into smooth at active and standby two plates, and after entering the state of backing up in realtime, at any time can carry out masterslave switchover, and it is distinctive at Transmission Control Protocol, complex data structures, do not consider in the batch backup process which data structure the end has took place to change, but all data structure unifications are all backuped on the standby plate by main board, in the state of backing up in realtime, cause all variations that the Transmission Control Protocol state takes place on the main board, the capital is triggered main board and is backed up to standby plate, if in case main board take place to crash or situation such as reset, standby plate can be upgraded to main board automatically, the communication service that realizes based on Transmission Control Protocol in the system is owing to all there is backup on standby plate at this moment, so communication can not be affected, thereby guarantee the unimpeded of communication, reduced because the loss that communication system causes when breaking down, saved cost indirectly, and can avoid the dire consequences such as service disruption that main board crashes telecommunication system is caused under unexpected situation, improve the functional reliability of communication system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is Socket and the related data structure diagram of TCP;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the method for the invention;
Fig. 3 is the state transition diagram of the method for the invention when carrying out the software Hot Spare.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described in more detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Method of the present invention has under main board and standby plate and the mutually redundant normal running (operation) conditions of this two plate in hardware setting carries out, and wherein, the main board running software is on main board, and the standby plate running software is on standby plate.Core concept of the present invention is: the operation on the throne simultaneously of two control boards is under normal circumstances arranged in the system, but wherein have only one be called as main board in the effect of playing master control veritably, other one be called as standby plate then be in Status of Backups, the data that comprise the Transmission Control Protocol data on the main board are backuped on the standby plate, promptly on main board and standby plate, preserve identical data simultaneously respectively, when in case main board can not run well for a certain reason, system can automatically switch to standby plate, take over former main board by this standby plate and serve as new main board and work on, thereby the communication service that realizes based on Transmission Control Protocol can be affected.
Because the data relevant with Transmission Control Protocol all leave among data structure: TCB_S, FILE_S, SOCKET_S INPCB_S, the TCPCB_S, so, at the TCP complex data structures, method of the present invention does not consider in backup procedure which data structure the end has took place to change, but all data structure unifications are all backuped on the standby plate by main board, be illustrated in figure 2 as the flow chart of the method for the invention, its detailed process may further comprise the steps:
A, standby plate insert in the slot of communication system, after operation is normal, send ready information and batch backup request to main board;
B, main board receive ready information and batch backup request, carry out the batch backup of data to standby plate, comprising the batch backup of Transmission Control Protocol data, promptly the configuration data of Transmission Control Protocol all on the main board and status data batch backup to standby plate;
As shown in Figure 1, each TCP connects corresponding data structure: the data among TCB_S, FILE_S, SOCKET_SINPCB_S, the TCPCB_S, all to backup to standby plate, because in the process of backup, data are packing backups, the storage order of data in data structure may be upset, so receive on the standby plate after these data, find this TCP that comprises among TCB_S and the SOCKET_S to be connected corresponding task number taskid, recover this TCP successively according to this task number and connect corresponding these data and data structure.
After the batch backup of c, data finishes, enter the state of backing up in realtime of data, under this state, whether the data that comprise the Transmission Control Protocol data in the real-time judge main board change, if then main board sends the message of backing up in realtime to standby plate, after standby plate receives this message, with the real time altering of the configuration data that takes place on the main board and the real time altering of status data, be transferred to standby plate in real time, and execution in step d; Otherwise, direct execution in step d;
In this step, cause all variations that the Transmission Control Protocol state takes place on the main board, the capital is triggered main board and is backed up to standby plate, for example, main board is received that TCP message, main board outwards send the TCP message or application program is put into, when taking out message, all corresponding data will be sent to standby plate and back up from buffering area, and after TCP connects disconnection on the main board, main board is sent out message to standby plate, and the notice standby plate is disposed this TCP and connected.The dynamic change of each data is all backed up in realtime on the standby plate on the main board, because this moment, standby plate can't be received extraneous data, therefore the TCP on main board connects each the transmission, receive message, application program is put into from buffering area, when taking out message, all need data structure TCB_S, FILE_S, SOCKET_S INPCB_S, the data real time backup that changes among the TCPCB_S is to standby plate, and timely restore data, thereby make the identical application program of operation on main board and standby plate, when carrying out same processing, the data of all the sign Transmission Control Protocol states on main board and the standby plate are consistent fully.
Whether d, real-time judge main board run well, if then return step c; Otherwise, execution in step e;
One cover arbitration mechanism is arranged on the bus of communication system originally, can judge the information on the throne of main board, if information on the throne is arranged, illustrate that then main board runs well, otherwise main board does not run well, and communication system judges by this cover mechanism whether main board runs well.
E, carry out the switching of main board and standby plate, standby plate is upgraded to main board, simultaneously data is carried out smoothing processing, comprising the smoothing processing to the Transmission Control Protocol data, thereby realizes the purpose of software Hot Spare.
The switching of described main board and standby plate is that the mechanism by system communication bus itself realizes, when main board does not have information on the throne, system bus notifies all interface board to disconnect and being connected of main board, change into standby plate and being connected, the processing that receives and send data and carry out data by standby plate, like this, standby plate just is upgraded to main board automatically.
Above-mentioned data smoothing is treated to: when active and standby switching takes place, standby plate has just switched to main board, owing to be able to do in time the data that change are not backed up in realtime, therefore new main board reads the status data of each variation on the new main board from the interface board; Again owing to possibility obliterated data in the process of active and standby switching, new main board is checked local terminal in the data, be information and opposite ends such as the serial number that connects of each TCP of data receiver and state, whether is the serial number that connects of each TCP of data output end consistent with information such as state, if consistent, then enter normal operating condition, otherwise, earlier the TCP connection that makes a mistake is disconnected or the packet loss processing, reenter normal operating condition afterwards again.
Figure 3 shows that the state transition diagram of changing between the present invention's each state when carrying out the software Hot Spare, as shown in Figure 3, the migration of frame of broken lines 301 each states of expression main board is comprising wait standby plate insertion state 303, wait batch backup solicited status 304, batch backup state 305, the back up in realtime state 306 and the data smoothing treatment state 307 of main board; The migration of each states of frame of broken lines 302 expression standby plate is comprising the reception batch backup data mode 308 of standby plate, receive back up in realtime data mode 309 and ready state 310.
Fig. 3 has illustrated the progression of each state event in the Hot Spare process simultaneously, and these processes comprise:
A, main board are in earlier waits for that standby plate inserts state 303, and after incident 1 took place, main board enters waited for batch backup solicited status 304, and incident 1 wherein is: standby plate inserts in the slot of communication system;
B, after incident 2 takes place, main board enters batch backup state 305, incident 2 is: main board is received the request of standby plate batch backup;
C, after incident 3 takes place, main board just enters the state of backing up in realtime 306, incident 3 is: the batch backup of each module finishes in the software systems;
D, after incident 1 takes place, standby plate is in ready state 310, after incident 5 took place, standby plate entered and receives batch backup data mode 308, incident 5 is: ready information of standby plate and batch backup request that standby plate sends are successfully received by main board;
E, after incident 6 takes place, standby plate is initially located in the state 309 that receives the data of backing up in realtime, incident 6 is: standby plate receives the message of backing up in realtime of main board;
F, after incident 7 takes place, system carries out masterslave switchover, new main board enters the state that data smoothing is handled, incident 7 is: masterslave switchover, main board reset or main board sends and switches order;
After g, incident 8 finish, active and standby handover success, incident 8 is: the smoothing processing process.
In said process, when incident 4 takes place, main board can be got back to from each different conditions and wait for that standby plate inserts state 303, standby plate is also got back to ready state 310 from different states simultaneously, and incident 4 is: the standby plate failure is restarted, sent a message to standby plate, standby plate resets or standby plate is received error message.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with the people of this technology in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of method that realizes active and standby two-node cluster hot backup on the software is characterized in that, its this method may further comprise the steps:
After a, the standby plate operation normally, send ready information and batch backup request to main board;
B, main board receive ready information and batch backup request, comprise the batch backup of the data of Transmission Control Protocol data to standby plate; Described Transmission Control Protocol data are that each TCP connects data in pairing data structure task control block structure, document control block structure, socket structure, host-host protocol controll block structure and the connection status controll block structure in the main board; Standby plate receives after the Transmission Control Protocol data of batch backup, is connected corresponding task number according to the TCP that comprises in task control block structure and the socket structure, recovers TCP and connects corresponding data and data structure;
C, enter the state of backing up in realtime of data, under this state, whether the data that comprise the Transmission Control Protocol data on the real-time judge main board change, if, then main board sends the message of backing up in realtime to standby plate, after standby plate receives this message, with the data that comprise the Transmission Control Protocol data that change on the main board, be transferred to standby plate in real time, and execution in step d; Otherwise, direct execution in step d;
Whether d, real-time judge main board run well, if then return step c; Otherwise, execution in step e;
E, carry out the switching of main board and standby plate, standby plate is upgraded to main board, and enters normal operating condition.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described Transmission Control Protocol data comprise the configuration data and the status data of Transmission Control Protocol.
3, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, under the described state of backing up in realtime, after the TCP on the main board connected disconnection, main board was sent out message to standby plate, and the notice standby plate is removed this TCP and connected.
4, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the described processing procedure of judging whether main board runs well is: the information on the throne of main board is judged by system, if information on the throne is arranged, then main board runs well, otherwise main board does not run well.
5, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the handoff procedure of described main board and standby plate is: all interface board of notifications disconnects and being connected of main board, and changes into standby plate being connected, by standby plate reception and the processing that sends data and carry out data.
6, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprises the smoothing processing process in the described handoff procedure, will comprise that the data of Transmission Control Protocol data are carried out smoothing processing.
7, method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described data smoothing is treated to: when standby plate had just switched to new main board, the status data with each variation from the interface board read on the new main board.
8, method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described smoothing processing process also comprises: described new main board checks whether serial number and state information that each TCP of local terminal connects in the data serial number is connected with each TCP of state information and opposite end be consistent, if it is consistent, then enter normal operating condition, otherwise, earlier the TCP connection that makes a mistake is disconnected or the packet loss processing, reenter normal operating condition afterwards again.
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| CN101163036B (en) * | 2006-10-10 | 2011-08-10 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method of implementing two-computer hot backup of network equipment management software |
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| CN101931550B (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2014-01-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device for synchronizing main and standby main control boards |
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