CN100398781C - Tunnel rupture type excavating method and excavating units - Google Patents
Tunnel rupture type excavating method and excavating units Download PDFInfo
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- CN100398781C CN100398781C CNB02148824XA CN02148824A CN100398781C CN 100398781 C CN100398781 C CN 100398781C CN B02148824X A CNB02148824X A CN B02148824XA CN 02148824 A CN02148824 A CN 02148824A CN 100398781 C CN100398781 C CN 100398781C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a tunnel rupture type excavating method and an excavating unit. A ring stand structure of the excavating unit has an outer ring stand and a small and shorter inner ring stand in the outer ring stand. The circumferential surfaces of the inner ring stand and the outer ring stand are formed by the connection of a plurality of steel pipes; one end of each ring stand is butted with an excavated surface; an upper guide sheet and a lower guide sheet are inserted on a leaning barrier in the connecting position of the two steel pipes; one end of each of the steel pipes can be connected with a drill head to advance to an excavated section, and the outer ring stand is assembled and erected for drilling line by line; the inner ring stand is assembled and erected and is positioned by an elevating rupture device; the drill head advances to the excavated surface and excavates to the depth of the inner ring stand, holes at both sides of the elevating rupture device are drilled to holes with equal length; the inner ring stand, the outer ring stand and the elevating rupture device are pushed into the excavated surface together; the short edge of a tripod abuts on the excavated surface to be ruptured; the tripod is gradually moved towards an opening of the tunnel; the inner end surface of the inner ring stand and earthwork to incline and be ruptured towards the opening of the tunnel and a suppressing arch of the outer ring stand; the earthwork in the inner ring stand is cleaned; the action is repeated until the tunnel is perforated. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure and convenient transportation, reduces large numbers of drill heads and power consumption and can be suitable for various strata.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the tunnel and bore pick method and construction equipment thereof.
Tunnel disclosed in this invention breaking type excavation method and excavation unit thereof are a kind of full section formula extrusions, contain the characteristic of dive shield and preceding stay tube curtain worker method, periphery is the method for creeping into, the centre is a break method, can have higher safety with the whole excavation face of ring stand support structure of innovation.
Technical background
The tunnel excavation method has at present:
Earth tunnel excavates-has: forepoling method, pipe propelling method, shield machine construction method, preceding stay tube curtain worker method, this type of worker's method are during as a large amount of underground water, and then stoping underground water to be gushed out with freezing underground water of chemicals and pressure air is auxiliary construction;
Rock tunnel excavates-has the boring explosion method, in the digging process, boring, powder charge, explosion, ventilate, slag tap, steelframe supports, and is time-consuming a lot of, and backbreak in a large number, run into broken formation, a large amount of water bursts, ooze flows out, the heart is taken out in avalanche, supports the girder steel distortion, even is forced to change the tunnel route.
No shot rock tunnel excavation-also claim mechanical equivalent of light excavation, that is to say tunneling machine (T.B.M), except that can working continuously, also can save manpower, exempt explosive and falsework etc., most important is to reduce to backbreak in a large number, but if when meeting weak landform or a large amount of underground water midway, then can't construct, must change and dig circuitous hole, fuselage even in the tunnel, disintegrate when serious; The tunneling machine fuselage is huge in addition, needs a large amount of power, and directly excavates the rock stratum owing to dig cutter, and serious wear needs normal the replacing to dig cutter, and cost is very high.
At the disappearance of above-mentioned various worker's methods, the inventor is based on the experience of permanent this technology of research, works out a kind of construction of section greatly, and structure that also can the light section construction is to provide the another kind of technology that the tunnel bores pick that solves.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of " tunnel breaking type excavation method and excavation unit thereof ", be brand-new full face excavation method, adopt the dicyclic structure, have preceding stay tube curtain and latent shield dual-use function, outer ring stand is to prevent that rock from caving in, and to guarantee construction safety, interior ring stand is to encircle the excavation rock, and finish the structure of fracture, the rock stratum of excavation together transports outside the tunnel together with interior ring stand and removes; As running into a large amount of water bursts, weak bad ground is not before ring stand advances outside, the stratum is strengthened in stratum grouting down around the oblique ring stand outwardly, makes it to be enough to bear outer ring stand, interior ring stand and institute and encircles rock gross weight in the cavity, make that outer ring stand is unlikely to sink, ring stand safe construction in the ring stand outside in allowing.
Wherein, outer ring stand is to design according to tunneling section size, and length is longer than interior ring stand, and interior ring stand is set up in the outer ring stand, and its length is to design according to stress, intensity of shear, can meet with stresses, shearing and indeformable damage.
Inside and outside ring stand periphery is to line up excavated section by each steel pipe parallel connection, upper and lower guide card is located at outside each steel pipe, drilling rod links annulus by upper and lower guide card in steel pipe, during boring together with upper and lower guide card advanced in unison, the mud that boring is produced flows out through upper and lower guide card and steel pipe, the drill bit drilling rod is to obtain support by upper and lower guide card after boring, when inside and outside ring stand is pushed ahead, in each drilling rod and the inside and outside ring stand steel pipe of upper and lower guide card retraction.
The present invention adopts peripheral two ring types to creep into method; in just will making; outer ring stand all has the support function; outer ring stand has the shell protection construction area of steel Zhi Baoshi; also can have the function of pushing ahead; interior ring stand then transports the fracturation of encircling; overall structure is between the interior inverted arch steel pipe of outer ring stand; insert on many groups; following tripod; length and interior ring stand are isometric; on every group; following tripod is formed the high fracture of the frame device of long rectangle; interior ring stand places on the high fracture of the frame device; in; the high fracture of outer ring stand and frame device outer end vertically flushes; in; on driving when each drill bit of outer ring stand creeps into; following guide card advances and obtains support; other comprehensively being drilled to after the isometric emptying aperture of the high fracture of frame device; in; the high fracture of outer ring stand and frame device advances together synchronously; assembling lining cutting ring plate; so repeat for several times; in; the high fracture of outer ring stand and frame device pushes in the rock stratum fully; remove the other rock ballast of the high fracture of frame device; detach down tripod again; in detaching gradually under the braced structures of ring stand outer end during tripod; because of the inner of interior ring stand last tripod minor face by braced structures supports; interior ring stand outer end loses support earlier; and ring stand integral body tilts to the tunnel face and towards the inverted arch place of the outer ring stand of below in making; ring stand is inner in allowing produces the situation of bending fracture with excavation face place, and after the fracture, interior ring stand bottom pulley slips on the support wooden handcart along last tripod; transport outside the tunnel; remove the wherein earthwork again, so circulation construction is dug through until the tunnel.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention forms the inner and outer rings frame with the steel pipe that the excavated section periphery is lined up in parallel connection, dig the excavation face with brill, having in each steel pipe has upper and lower guide card to move ahead in company with drill bit outside the drilling rod, obtain the support of boring in the pick with upper and lower guide card, the mud that is produced during drill bit creeps into, through upper and lower guide card link annulus space and drilling rod spiral blade, the ring stand steel pipe flows out, a small amount of mud is extruded out when ring stand advances, inside and outside ring stand, the whole propelling synchronously of the high fracture of frame device repeat aforesaid action to running through the tunnel.Concrete steps and equipment that it adopted are:
The breaking type excavation method of a kind of tunnel is provided, the steps include:
(1) article preparation: the article preparation of excavating upper and lower tripod, the steel pipe of required high fracture device and leaning on retaining, guide card, drill bit, drilling rod, and be transported to construction place;
(2) outside construction: tunnel face foreign side constructs into firm ground, and on the ground and fixed pedestal is set, the tunnel face section is constructed into vertical cross section (deciding on demand);
(3) outer ring stand assembling is located: finish outer ring stand with guide card, drill bit, drilling rod assembling, to link to each other by retaining, steel pipe is with guide card outward between two steel pipes, guide card is positioned by retaining drill bit and drilling rod are arranged in the steel pipe, makes outer ring stand one end be close to the excavation face, the other end is support with the fixed pedestal, promptly finishes the location;
(4) outer ring stand rough drill is advanced: outer ring stand creeps into by the lining cutting ring plate is long approximately by creeping into drill bit toward both sides in the middle of the crown, the drill bit band the guide card reach, after each steel pipe has bored, is support with the fixed pedestal, push away nearly outer ring stand, before returned to the ring stand original position with the upper and lower guide card that drill bit stretches out; Creep into not necessarily and will begin, but be good with aforesaid order by the crown center; And once creep into the length that might not want a lining cutting ring plate, can be several centimeters to several meters; So each drilling depth can suitably be selected;
(5) interior ring stand assembling is located: assemble on the inverted arch in outer ring stand and a plurality of the high fracture devices in location, ring stand in assembling again on the high device that ruptures of frame is finished interior ring stand with guide card, drill bit, drilling rod assembling.The combination of interior ring stand is identical with outer ring stand, and the high fracture of frame device, interior ring stand are close to the excavation face of tunnel face, and the outer end of outer ring stand, the high fracture of frame device, interior ring stand vertically flushes;
(6) two ring stands creep into: after inside and outside ring stand, the high fracture of frame device are all with the fixed pedestal permanent position, inside and outside ring stand creeps into respectively, by creeping into the hole of lining cutting ring plate length approximately by a past both sides with drill bit in the middle of the crown, the space of the high fracture of frame device both sides also is drilled to isometric cavity, inside and outside ring stand, the high fracture of frame device are support with the fixed pedestal, advance in the tunnel synchronously;
After the enforcement of (7) so boring, propelling repetitive cycling (6) step, make inside and outside ring stand, the high fracture of frame device outer end flush with the tunnel face is vertical;
(8) interior ring stand fracture: the following tripod that detaches the high fracture of frame device gradually, ring stand the inner in above tripod minor face supports, interior ring stand outer end is downward-sloping, interior ring stand is encircled the rock earthwork and is ruptured in the inner, the pulley of interior ring stand bottom slips into the support wooden handcart along the long limit of last tripod, transport outside the tunnel, and the rock earthwork in the interior ring stand is removed;
(9) inner arrangement: clear up rock ballast in the outer ring stand, the excavation face is accomplished vertical cross section, and outer ring stand outer end is in the tunnel face at this moment, and the inner has part to embed in the rock stratum earthwork of excavation face;
(10) interior ring stand resets: assemble a plurality of high fracture devices again on the inverted arch in the outer ring stand, relocate interior ring stand on it;
(11) two ring stands creep into again: after inside and outside ring stand, the high fracture of frame device are fixed, inside and outside ring stand is crept into the hole of lining cutting ring plate length by a past both sides by crown, the high fracture of frame device side also gets out isometric cavity, inside and outside ring stand, the high fracture of frame device are support with the fixed pedestal, push ahead synchronously together; After outer ring stand enters the tunnel, promptly must outside former, cut ring plate by place, the space assembling lining of ring stand, form new fixed pedestal and support;
(12) repeat (11) step: the boring back advances inner and outer rings frame, the high fracture of frame device, assembling lining cutting ring plate, and the repetitive cycling construction inside and outside ring stand, the high fracture of frame device, pushes in the excavation face of the excavation rock stratum earthwork fully;
(13) interior ring stand fracture: detach down tripod gradually, ring stand the inner in above tripod minor face supports, interior ring stand outer end is downward-sloping, interior ring stand is encircled the rock earthwork and is ruptured in the inner, interior ring stand bottom pulley slips into the support wooden handcart along the long limit of last tripod, transport outside the tunnel, and the rock earthwork in the interior ring stand is removed; The cleaning of the rock earthwork also can be carried out in the tunnel in the wherein interior ring stand;
(14) inner arrangement: clear up rock ballast in the outer ring stand, the excavation face is accomplished vertical cross section;
(15) step of repetition (10) to (14); Until running through the tunnel.And
A kind of tunnel breaking type excavation unit is provided, it is characterized in that, include:
One outer ring stand is made up of a plurality of steel pipes, is arranged in the shape of desire excavation face with steel pipe, and oriented two is side-prominent by keeping off between two adjacent steel pipes;
Ring stand in one also is made up of a plurality of steel pipes, is arranged in shape less than outer ring stand with steel pipe, and interior ring stand is shorter than outer ring stand, and oriented two is side-prominent by keeping off between two adjacent steel pipes;
One drill bit group, front end respectively at outer ring stand, interior each steel pipe of ring stand is provided with a drill bit, respectively this drill bit links to each other with a drilling rod with spiral helicine guiding silver respectively, form an annular groove in the drilling rod outer end, the binding annulus cutting ferrule that this annular groove can allow the upper and lower guide card of upper and lower guide card front end link the semicircular ring winding is gone into, upper and lower guide card internal diameter is greater than outer diameter of steel pipes, be socketed on steel tube surface, and the guide card both sides are blocked by the guide card fixed mount, this drilling rod is arranged in steel pipe, and drilling rod, guide card are advanced with drill bit simultaneously;
A high fracture device is located between inside and outside ring stand inverted arch, contains:
The upper and lower tripod group of many groups, it is arranged between the inner surface of interior ring stand inverted arch bottom surface and outer ring stand inverted arch; The upper surface of last tripod is long limit,, with the hypotenuse combination of hypotenuse with following tripod, make minor face against desire fracture excavation face, and the soffit of each time tripod also is long limit,, makes minor face form the outer moving direction that draws with minor face inwardly with minor face inwardly;
One roller set is provided with respect to last triangle road frame; Sentencing by the shelves bottom surface of a plurality of steel pipes in inverted arch place respectively at interior ring stand is connected to a plurality of roller shafts, is articulated with a roller in each roller shaft, allows the long limit of each roller and last tripod contact.
In interior ring stand inverted arch and outside be socketed with between the ring stand inverted arch and at least onely have the steel pipe of drill bit between two inverted arch.
Described drill bit can be off-balance bit.
The steel pipe of described outer ring stand, guide card are provided with the through hole in order to grouting.
Described outer ring stand, interior ring stand are as linking to each other to connect retaining between the steel pipe of inverted arch.
Compare with known techniques, advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
The present invention is different from the known techniques part, promptly be with inside and outside ring stand, cooperate drill bit construction forward in regular turn, and adopt the structure of inside and outside ring stand, be that the present invention is in structural innovation, can solve the problem of all sections, any section, as long as cooperate outer the designing of steel pipe and steel pipe, can both be suitable for from the section in semicircle, circle, the shape of a hoof, square tunnel, particularly the protection structure of Zhi Chenging by keeping off, far above known full face excavation machine, in a single day it enter working face, must finish to construction, can remove; But ring stand of the present invention is formed by the steel pipe winding, more not assembling ring plate before the bit change releases outer ring stand in the other direction, disassembling outer ring stand extracts out by retaining, carry out the work that substitutes or disassemble whole group board, in construction, run in the time of to advance construction, in the time of must substituting construction method, very big variation elasticity can be arranged, need not excavation and rescue base tunnel, exempt the waste of engineering time and engineering funds, and, no matter be that a kind of geology, the present invention can substitute drill bit, to be suitable for the demand of excavation, even when producing landslip, also, better repellence and force-bearing property can be arranged, particularly in the crown place because of the support of double-deck ring stand is arranged.So,, cooperate various traditional worker's methods just can finish the work of holing with structure of the present invention and method.
As above-mentioned, the main effect that structure and method of the present invention produced is: utilize inside and outside ring stand to make the tunnel obtain to support, the drill bit of drilling rod adopts brill pick out of the ordinary to advance in each steel pipe, and after having bored, advance inner and outer rings to put up and be new supporting surface, produce the effect of ring stand in the fracture again with upper and lower triangle slideway shelf, roller set, produce another kind of job practices and constructing structure.Tripod group wherein has support and the two kinds of functions that rupture, and allows whole parts number reduce the carrying out of more convenient construction.
The present invention is simple in structure, convenient in carrying, in, outer ring stand only needs periphery boring, reduce a large amount of drill bits and power consumption, and interior ring stand is intact with the rock stratum of excavation, closely knit, after fracture, transport outside the tunnel, save the carrying and the engineering time of roach, and when meeting with soft stratum in construction, the grouting of ring stand inverted arch bottom is strengthened and firm whole stratum outside, so that the post-rift weight of ring stand in bearing, outer ring stand also can use off-balance bit to execute brill, after boring finishes, detaches fully, seeing through steel pipe again reaches, the perforated holes that following guide card is reserved is consolidated the effect that the stratum reaches the lining cutting ring plate to the grouting of rock stratum, top; Can before the interior ring stand plane of disruption, be in the milk in addition, so that can after fracture, seal underground water and ooze inflow tunnel fully, so, all can be suitable for no matter which kind of stratum the present invention is, be better than excavation method in the past in fact.
Description of drawings
The stereogram that the inside and outside ring stand of Fig. 1 the present invention is nested.
Fig. 2 structure of the present invention is three-dimensional exploded view partly.
The engagement state sectional drawing of steel pipe between the inside and outside ring stand of Fig. 3 the present invention.
Fig. 4 drilling pipe of the present invention drawing in side sectional elevation partly.
Fig. 5 drilling pipe of the present invention longitudinal plan partly.
Fig. 6 drilling pipe of the present invention stereoscopic schematic diagram partly.
Partly another implements sectional drawing to Fig. 7 drilling pipe of the present invention.
Combination of side view when the high fracture of ring stand and frame device does not creep in Fig. 8 the present invention.
The combination elevation of the high fracture of ring stand and frame device in Fig. 9 the present invention.
Combination of side view when the high fracture of ring stand and frame device has crept in Figure 10 the present invention.
The specific embodiment
For making your juror to unitary construction of the present invention, device, feature and effect thereof, can do further understanding and understanding, now enforcement situation of the present invention is cooperated graphic being described in detail as follows:
The present invention is breaking type excavation method of a kind of tunnel and excavation unit thereof, and Fig. 1 to Figure 10 shows the implement structure of excavation; Shown in Fig. 1,2, steel pipe 29,10 is the basic structure of ring stand 2 in the combination with outer ring stand 1, the length of each steel pipe 29,10 approximately is several meters long, and the ring stand that each steel pipe is formed i.e. shield machine shell roughly the same, but the present invention is more more convenient to operate than shield machine, can bring more convenience, have the alternately effect of construction, each diameter of steel tube is made in factory in advance for cooperating drill bit size, between two steel pipes, adopt the mode of the clamping ring stand that is formed in parallel.Ring stand can be finished winding in factory, or partly combination, again to assembled on site.
Two places, guide channel 14 spaces on each steel pipe 10,29 surface by 11 formation of retaining, divide with guide card 27 on paracentral to go into 28 sleeves of guide card once at center far away, each guide card 27,28 internal diameter is slightly larger than steel pipe 10,29 external diameters, and inserts in the guide channel 14 by retaining 11 with the side end holding of guide card 27,28.
As shown in Figure 7, as the interior ring stand 1 of inverted arch or outside ring stand 2 can allow Improvement in Shape by retaining 11, because inverted arch herein is horizontal setting, so 10,29 of two steel pipes is to connect to connect retaining 17, connecting retaining 17 is shorter than by retaining 11, and being provided with two pairs of guide card fixtures 18 in steel pipe 10,29 appearances in addition, utilization allows that as the guide card fixture 18 of L horn shape guide card 27,28 passes.
Shown in Fig. 5,6, be connected to guide card on respectively at last guide card 27 and following guide card 28 1 ends and link annulus that semicircular ring 25 and guide card once link semicircular ring 26 windings and buckle into drilling rod 20 and be connected drill bit 22 formation one annular groove 21; Annular groove 21 is the neck between drill bit and drilling rod, and is being with by drilling rod 20 and is going up guide card and link semicircular ring 25 and move with following guide card binding semicircular ring 26.
Contain a drilling rod 20 and the drill bit 22 that stretches out in each steel pipe 10,29, has spiral helicine guiding silver 24 outside the drilling rod 20, if drill bit 22 is an off-balance bit, the external diameter that its brill digs equals the external diameter of guide card 27,28 or bigger, can make the boring that got out with in abutting connection with boring that drill bit got out mutually in succession, draw in drill bit 22 band and to creep into, can claim guide card 27,28 for creeping into support group with allowing guide card 27,28 advance and forming support.
Promptly form the cutting propelling of ring-type in the excavation face, utilizing WATER-WASHING METHOD or foam WATER-WASHING METHOD that rock ballast is followed steel pipe along the helical form of drilling rod 20 guiding silver 24 more outwards flows out, or when ring stand advances, mud is pushed out bit head part for using habitual brill digging structure.
As shown in Figure 5; annular groove with 22 on drilling rod 20 and drill bit; the binding annulus that drives upper and lower guide card 27,28 simultaneously puts in forward; for the drill bit 22 of off-centre is extended to the external diameter that equals guide card with external diameter when the rotation; but when not using off-balance bit 22; then off-balance bit 22 is shunk together with drilling rod 20 and be retracted in the steel pipe 10,29, drill bit 22 is protected, or be drawn in the steel pipe that need creep into and use.That is to say that drilling rod of the present invention and drill bit are not that each steel pipe is all essential and are provided with, if but external diameter then needs every steel pipe all to be provided with greater than the drill bit of steel pipe; Off-balance bit can selectively be provided with according to need.
Because the aperture that drill bit 22 is bored equals the external diameter of guide card; allow upper and lower guide card 27,28 and drilling rod 20 along with drill bit 22 advances; the part that upper and lower guide card 27,28 and drilling rod 20 protections were bored is no longer caved in; after the inside and outside ring stand domain all bores; advance respectively this ring stand just now; produce new supporting surface, so in regular turn construction.
The propelling of bed rearrangement ring stand, usually adopt the supporting device of hydraulic jack and so on to pass action, also utilize jack as fixed point simultaneously, make with lining cutting ring plate 7 formed inscribe anchor rings and join, as the new strong point of jack, do not move when drill bit creeps into, to keep ring stand.
Excavate the district for native stone between the inverted arch of ring stand and outer ring stand in making, just allow and be close between the crown of two ring stands, but still leave suitable distance, also between the inverted arch of two ring stands, produce the gap, but, excavate the earthwork because of the section of excavation is all quite big, also to have one to support existence, excavate the situation that partly can produce to tilt otherwise should soil stone excavate district institute while digging, so, support of the present invention with produce the high device 3 that ruptures of frame that fault structure is the tool abstriction.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, the high fracture of frame device 3 is provided with a roller set 33 and upper and lower tripod 34,36; Last tripod 34 soffits are hypotenuse 343, and on ring stand 2 steel pipes 29, best position was between two steel pipes, allows minor face 342 be positioned at tunnel side in the long limit 341 of above tripod 34 leaned against.
Roller set 33 is arranged in 29 bottom surfaces that connect retaining 17 of two steel pipes, be positioned at guide card 28 sides down, the dead slot hole that is got out because of drill bit 22 is 29 belows of 2 liang of steel pipes of interior ring stand, even roller set 33 is articulated with a roller 332 by wheel shaft 331, roller 332 can or have V shape groove for periphery attenuation shape.
Have a top chase 344 to roll for holding into each roller 332 on the long limit 341 of last tripod 34 thereon, the top chase can be the V shape groove that cooperates roller; Have on the hypotenuse 343 of last tripod 34 chase 345 with the hypotenuse 363 of following tripod 36 on raised line 365 join, make down the long limit 361 of tripod 36 be provided with an end raised line 364 to keep off on 17 end faces with being connected of outer ring stand 1 steel pipe 10, make down the direction of the minor face 362 of tripod 36 by the tunnel face, end raised line 364 can cooperate on the connection retaining 17 that just is stuck in 10 of 1 liang of steel pipes of outer ring stand.Outer ring stand 1 connects retaining 17 the inners and is provided with the on-slip block piece.
Constructing operation is moved and is the high device ring stand 1 interior inverted arch inner face outside that ruptures of frame of respectively upper and lower tripod 34,36 being assembled long rectangle, as Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 3, a plurality of rollers 332 of the roller set 33 of ring stand 2 beneath institute predetermined fixed are aimed at and are gone up tripod 34 long limits 341 chases 344 in allowing.
At this moment, consult Fig. 8 to Figure 10, the tip of last tripod 34 is (tunnel face) outwardly, minor face 342 is (excavation face) inwardly, and the tip of following tripod 36 is (excavation face) inwardly, and minor face 362 is (tunnel face) outwardly, upper and lower tripod 34,36 is with the then combination mutually of the concavo-convex place of hypotenuse, being chase 345 on tripod 34 hypotenuses 343 as above, is raised line 365 on following tripod 36 hypotenuses 363, makes upper and lower tripod form the support of the supporting framework of long rectangle as interior ring stand.
Instantly tripod 36 is when set composite set place detaches gradually as track on hypotenuse 363, can drive whole in ring stand 2 outwards downward-sloping, and by the plane of disruption 5 places fracture of interior ring stand 2 the inners; Therefore, after the following tripod 36 that supports detaches fully, ring stand 2 outwards slopes down to the fracture separation simultaneously together with interior side's native stone in whole, formed solid cylinder structure can transport cleaning to ring stand 2 in whole, or directly open, dig out native stone to bore in batches, transport with vehicle, after finishing, the whole earthwork in boring is excavated in regular turn again between ring stand 2 inverted arch and outer ring stand 1 inverted arch; Form the scope of freedom, repeat aforesaid action to running through the tunnel.
The above only is a preferable enforcement situation of the present invention, and feature of the present invention is not limited to this, any be familiar with this skill person can think easily and equivalence change, all not from spirit of the present invention and protection domain.
Claims (6)
1. a tunnel breaking type excavation method the steps include:
(1) article preparation: the article preparation of excavating upper and lower tripod, the steel pipe of required high fracture device and leaning on retaining, guide card, drill bit, drilling rod, and be transported to construction place;
(2) outside construction: tunnel face foreign side constructs into firm ground, on the ground and fixed pedestal is set;
(3) outer ring stand assembling is located: finish outer ring stand with guide card, drill bit, drilling rod assembling, to link to each other by retaining, steel pipe is with guide card outward between two steel pipes, guide card is positioned by retaining drill bit and drilling rod are arranged in the steel pipe, makes outer ring stand one end be close to the excavation face, the other end is support with the fixed pedestal, promptly finishes the location;
(4) outer ring stand rough drill is advanced: each drill bit of outer ring stand creeps into the selected degree of depth respectively, and the drill bit band the guide card reach, after each steel pipe of outer ring stand has bored, is support with the fixed pedestal, advances outer ring stand, and before the upper and lower guide card that stretches out with drill bit was returned to the ring stand original position;
(5) interior ring stand assembling is located: a plurality of high fracture devices of assembling and location on the inverted arch in outer ring stand, ring stand in assembling again on the high fracture of the frame device, finish interior ring stand with guide card, drill bit, drilling rod assembling, the combination of interior ring stand is identical with outer ring stand, and the high fracture of frame device, interior ring stand are close to the excavation face of tunnel face;
(6) two ring stands creep into: after inside and outside ring stand, the high fracture of frame device are all with the fixed pedestal permanent position, inside and outside ring stand creeps into the hole of lining cutting ring plate length approximately with drill bit respectively, the space of the high fracture of frame device both sides also is drilled to isometric cavity, and inside and outside ring stand, the high fracture of frame device are to support to advance in the tunnel with the fixed pedestal;
(7) after so holing, push away the enforcement of nearly repetitive cycling (6) step, make inside and outside ring stand, the high fracture of frame device outer end flush with the tunnel face;
(8) interior ring stand fracture: the following tripod that detaches the high fracture of frame device gradually, ring stand the inner in above tripod minor face supports, interior ring stand outer end is downward-sloping, interior ring stand is encircled the rock earthwork and is ruptured in the inner, the support wooden handcart is slipped into along the long limit of last tripod in interior ring stand bottom, transport outside the tunnel, and the rock earthwork in the interior ring stand is removed;
(9) inner arrangement: clear up rock ballast in the outer ring stand, outer ring stand outer end is in the tunnel face at this moment, and the inner has in the rock stratum earthwork that is partially submerged into the excavation face;
(10) interior ring stand resets: assemble a plurality of high fracture devices again on the inverted arch in the outer ring stand, relocate interior ring stand on it;
(11) two ring stands creep into again: after inside and outside ring stand, the high fracture of frame device are fixed, inside and outside ring stand creeps into the hole of lining cutting ring plate length, the high fracture of frame device side also gets out isometric cavity, and inside and outside ring stand, the high fracture of frame device are to support to push ahead with the fixed pedestal; After outer ring stand enters the tunnel, promptly must outside former, cut ring plate by place, the space assembling lining of ring stand, form new fixed pedestal and support;
(12) repeat (11) step: the boring back advances inner and outer rings frame, the high fracture of frame device, assembling lining cutting ring plate, and the repetitive cycling construction inside and outside ring stand, the high fracture of frame device, pushes in the excavation face of the excavation rock stratum earthwork fully;
(13) interior ring stand fracture: detach down tripod gradually, ring stand the inner in above tripod minor face supports, interior ring stand outer end is downward-sloping, and interior ring stand is encircled the rock earthwork and is ruptured in the inner, and the rock earthwork is removed in the interior ring stand;
(14) inner arrangement: clear up rock ballast in the outer ring stand;
(15) step of repetition (10) to (14); Until running through the tunnel.
2. a tunnel breaking type excavation unit is characterized in that, includes:
One outer ring stand is made up of a plurality of steel pipes, is arranged in the shape of desire excavation face with steel pipe, and oriented two is side-prominent by keeping off between two adjacent steel pipes;
Ring stand in one also is made up of a plurality of steel pipes, is arranged in shape less than outer ring stand with steel pipe, and interior ring stand is shorter than outer ring stand, and oriented two is side-prominent by keeping off between two adjacent steel pipes;
One drill bit group, front end respectively at outer ring stand, interior each steel pipe of ring stand is provided with a drill bit, respectively this drill bit links to each other with a drilling rod with spiral helicine guiding silver respectively, form an annular groove in the drilling rod outer end, the binding annulus cutting ferrule that this annular groove can allow the upper and lower guide card of upper and lower guide card front end link the semicircular ring winding is gone into, upper and lower guide card internal diameter is greater than outer diameter of steel pipes, be socketed on steel tube surface, and the guide card both sides are blocked by the guide card fixed mount, this drilling rod is arranged in steel pipe, and drilling rod, guide card are advanced with drill bit simultaneously;
A high fracture device is located between inside and outside ring stand inverted arch, contains:
A plurality of upper and lower tripod groups, it is arranged between the inner surface of interior ring stand inverted arch bottom surface and outer ring stand inverted arch; The upper surface of last tripod is long limit,, with the hypotenuse combination of hypotenuse with following tripod, make minor face against desire fracture excavation face, and the soffit of each time tripod also is long limit,, makes minor face form the outer moving direction that draws with minor face inwardly with minor face inwardly;
One roller set is provided with respect to last triangle road frame; Sentencing by the shelves bottom surface of a plurality of steel pipes in inverted arch place respectively at interior ring stand is connected to a plurality of roller shafts, is articulated with a roller in each roller shaft, allows the long limit of each roller and last tripod contact.
3. as tunnel breaking type excavation unit as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that, in interior ring stand inverted arch and outside be socketed with between the ring stand inverted arch and at least onely have the steel pipe of drill bit between two inverted arch.
4. as tunnel breaking type excavation unit as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that described drill bit can be off-balance bit.
5. as tunnel breaking type excavation unit as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that the steel pipe of described outer ring stand, guide card are provided with in order to the through hole that is in the milk.
6. as tunnel breaking type excavation unit as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that described outer ring stand, interior ring stand are as continuous to connect retaining between the steel pipe of inverted arch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB02148824XA CN100398781C (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2002-11-18 | Tunnel rupture type excavating method and excavating units |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB02148824XA CN100398781C (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2002-11-18 | Tunnel rupture type excavating method and excavating units |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1500968A CN1500968A (en) | 2004-06-02 |
| CN100398781C true CN100398781C (en) | 2008-07-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB02148824XA Expired - Fee Related CN100398781C (en) | 2002-11-18 | 2002-11-18 | Tunnel rupture type excavating method and excavating units |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101608547B (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2013-12-11 | 上海奇谋能源技术开发有限公司 | Method and device for digging tunnel and preventing overbreak |
| CN101994511B (en) * | 2009-08-10 | 2012-07-18 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Construction technique for cutting and splitting rectangle grooves of railway and road tunnel |
| CN103643960A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-03-19 | 重庆电力设计院 | Power tunnel construction method |
| CN107327305B (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2023-08-11 | 北京首尔工程技术有限公司 | Multi-shaft power head for pipe curtain construction and pipe row jacking pipe curtain machine with same |
| CN114718578A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-07-08 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Movable joint structure between occluded jacking pipes |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1046978A (en) * | 1996-08-05 | 1998-02-17 | Sankyu Inc | Tunnel constructing method and supporting structure |
| CN2297540Y (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 1998-11-18 | 中国科学院南京天文仪器研制中心 | Wriggle type self-propelled entry-driving machine for tunnel or gallery |
| CN1320190A (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2001-10-31 | 长友成树 | Sardine-bone construction method for large-section tunnel |
-
2002
- 2002-11-18 CN CNB02148824XA patent/CN100398781C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1046978A (en) * | 1996-08-05 | 1998-02-17 | Sankyu Inc | Tunnel constructing method and supporting structure |
| CN2297540Y (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 1998-11-18 | 中国科学院南京天文仪器研制中心 | Wriggle type self-propelled entry-driving machine for tunnel or gallery |
| CN1320190A (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2001-10-31 | 长友成树 | Sardine-bone construction method for large-section tunnel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1500968A (en) | 2004-06-02 |
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