Magnetic-levitation train does not have the configuration that is connected of power rail onboard power system method of supplying power to and onboard power system
Technical field:
The present invention belongs to vehicle power supply, particularly about the maglev train mains supply method of not establishing power rail and the configuration of onboard power system.
Background technology:
Magnetic-levitation train proposes so far from last century as a kind of novel high speed track traffic theory, still is in the experimental operation phase in developed country, does not also formally put into commercial operation.One of major reason that causes this situation is that many technical measures of magnetic-levitation train are limit by the current integrated production level of high-tech, causes investment excessive, lacks economy.Adopting power rail and pantagraph current collector that onboard power system is carried out auxiliary power supply as present magnetic-levitation train is exactly an example.With electric locomotive from overhead contact line obtain the traction different with onboard power system electric power, magnetic-levitation train does not have overhead contact line, it is to provide tractive force by the long stator linear synchronous motor that lays on the line, supplies with the onboard power system required electric power by the onboard line electrical generator.And do not generate electricity when stopping as the onboard line electrical generator of generating set, and when train low speed (speed of a motor vehicle is less than 100km/h) moves its electricity be not enough to buy car in installments need of live net.Though magnetic-levitation train has disposed the nickel-cadmium cell that belongs to advanced energy storage device many years ago, is subjected to the restriction of dead weight of vehicle, the energy content of battery that is disposed supply inadequately train stop, the electric power requirement of onboard power system when floating and low speed highway section.For this reason, must lay rigid suspended power rail in the low speed highway section at website and its two ends, with the part of the telescopic ON TRAINS pantagraph current collector of setting as onboard power system, contact with power rail and onboard power system is carried out auxiliary power supply by the pantagraph current collector that stretches out on the train, have only after train speed surpasses the normal operation of 100km/h, switch to fully by boost chopper and power by linear electric generator.In addition, for solving in go wrong the onboard power system power supply when needing temporary term stop of traction power supply and operation control system (VOCS), the power rail that between website, yet needs to lay some sections.During 50 kilometers of two websites distances that shown in Figure 1 is, the emergency service rail A that corresponding friction speed section A, B, C are laid
1A
2, B
1B
2, C
1C
2Total length account for 1/3~1/2 of website distance.The own price of high conduction performance wear resistant alloy material that power rail adopts is just expensive, and therefore the requirements for quality height of being laid makes the capex of magnetic-levitation train circuit high.Frequently contact with power rail at low speed highway section pantagraph current collector simultaneously, the cliding friction loss is big, checks the also companion increase of safeguarding of work capacity, moves also corresponding increasing with service expenditure.As everyone knows, there is strong memory effect in nickel-cadmium cell, shallowly fill the shallow mode of operation of putting and to reduce its high-power reignition efficient greatly, so, only the backup power during as train eddy current emergency braking uses existing magnetic-levitation train with vehicle-borne nickel-cadmium cell, the nickel-cadmium cell case (every case is composed in series by the single-unit nickel-cadmium cell of 1.2V, 27Ah) of every joint railway carriage configuration 8 440V, 27Ah, total energy storage capacity is 47.52kwh.And the taking-up regularly of these nickel-cadmium cells changes into maintenance again, also increased expense.If, adopt memory effect little, and the high-capacity battery that specific energy is better than above-mentioned nickel-cadmium cell mate with existing maglev train electrical network, then need customized design supplementary protection circuit that the running state of storage battery is taken precautions against and just can.
Summary of the invention:
The invention reside in the configuration that is connected that onboard power system method of supplying power to that a kind of magnetic-levitation train do not have power rail and onboard power system are provided, solve behind the magnetic-levitation train cancellation power rail auxiliary power supply battery pack to the technical matters of onboard power system power supply.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows:
A kind of magnetic-levitation train does not have the onboard power system method of supplying power to of power rail, it is characterized in that: the control program of pressing the chaos controlling policy development by the power system controller of onboard power system, distributor by onboard power system when train dwelling is prepared operation and emergency brake parking by capacity more than or equal to 45Ah, the battery pack that specific energy is formed more than or equal to the high energy single-unit chargeable battery of 60wh/kg is to the electric of onboard power system, cooperate onboard line electrical generator jointly to onboard power system to power less than the 100km/h highway section by battery pack in the speed of a motor vehicle, the speed of a motor vehicle greater than the 100km/h highway section by the onboard line electrical generator separately to onboard power system power supply hold concurrently or the boost chopper of onboard power system to battery charging, guarantee the battery pack capacity rated capacity 70%~90% between.
The concrete control program of the chaos controlling strategy that this power system controller is carried out is:
1). when train dwelling is prepared operation, at first detect the battery pack capacity, if this capacity during less than 70% rated value, starts the externally fed switch to battery charging, until this capacity rise to 〉=close the externally fed switch behind 90% rated value; If the battery pack capacity is opened the path of corresponding battery pack to electrical network by distributor during more than or equal to 70% rated value, by battery pack to the onboard power system electric;
2). after train floated, starts, the speed of a motor vehicle was during less than 100km/h, and distributor is connected the boost chopper path, make linear electric generator boost to line voltage and insert electrical network, with battery pack jointly to the onboard power system electric;
3). after train speed per hour surpassed 100km/h, distributor turn-offed the path of battery pack to electrical network, stop to mains supply, directly by linear electric generator to the onboard power system electric;
4). the battery pack capacity is detected, when if this capacity is lower than 70% rated value, selection is opened appointment boost chopper in the electrical network of battery pack place to the charging path of battery pack, the boost chopper of this appointment this moment boosts to 1.15~1.25 times of line voltages and charges, till battery pack capacity>90% rated value, this boost chopper recovers the electrical network normal voltage;
5). normally in service, when receiving the emergency brake signal, distributor connects simultaneously that whole battery pack paths are collaborative powers to eddy current brake; And during withdrawal of train waits rescue to the onboard power system electric;
6). train deceleration to less than 100km/h when stopping (car), distributor is connected the battery pack path, the auxiliary straignt line electrical generator until stopping website, is closed the path of boost chopper to electrical network jointly to the onboard power system electric when the speed of a motor vehicle is zero;
7). rerun above-mentioned 1)~6) program, until suspension of service.
A kind of magnetic-levitation train by above-mentioned method of supplying power to operation does not have the connection configuration of power rail onboard power system, comprise linear electric generator, boost chopper, distributor, grid control system, it is characterized in that: direct coupled linear electric generator of every joint railway carriage and boost chopper are divided into four quadrants, and the boost chopper in each quadrant is divided into four groups again; The boost chopper of corresponding group is continuous in all quadrants forms a line, and every row link to each other with a distributor; Dispose the battery pack that 4 total volumies are at least 79kwh, are made up of high-capacity battery, each battery pack links to each other with cooresponding distributor and forms the quadruplet electrical network, the negative pole of each battery pack interconnects by the common wire, this quadruplet electrical network is again by four above-mentioned distributor parallel connections, and be connected in grid control system, constitute redundancy electric power supply system.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1. needn't lay expensive power rail, not only reduce cost, but also shortened the construction period.
2. the maintenance workload and the over-the-road expense of circuit and power supply facilities have been reduced.
3. owing to used capacity and weight energy than the high-energy storage battery that is higher than nickel-cadmium cell, alleviated the train own wt, for example the battery pack of the 440V that forms with the single-unit Ni-MH battery of 1.2V, 45Ah, 79.35kwh gross energy is than existing 440V, the light 41kg of battery pack of 47.52kwh gross energy that forms with the single-unit nickel-cadmium cell of 1.2V, 27Ah, and opposite energy has but improved about 70%.The minimizing of dead weight of vehicle means the reduction of floating energy consumption of magnetic and cost.
4. the equipment to existing onboard power system only has in wiring outside the change, substantially moves and also needn't special protective circuit be set at battery pack, so be easy to promote the use of.
5. the heavy metal of the own nonpollution environment of Ni-MH battery, its maintenance is very little.
6. battery pack is operated in the adaptive process of chaos controlling, it is worked under certain big electric current, oscillatory regime that the short time discharges and recharges, keep the cell pressure dynamical equilibrium, temperature rise is low, only 1 ℃~2 ℃ of highest temperature differences can make improve greatly its service life, and stream time is longer, energy storage characteristic better, the main line that is fit to grow up is used.
7. the low-temperature characteristics owing to Ni-MH battery is better than nickel-cadmium cell, can be according to the ambient temperature in train operation zone, and province uses or without the heating of temperature booster to battery box, has simplified the structure of Vehicular accumulator cell case.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the scheme drawing that the interval power rail of 50 kilometers websites is laid.
Fig. 2 is the scheme drawing of onboard power system configuration embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 concerns scheme drawing for the dynamic control linkage of main functional modules in the onboard power system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a method of supplying power to executive routine scheme drawing of the present invention.
The specific embodiment:
See also shown in Figure 2ly, onboard power system of the present invention comprises linear electric generator LG, boost chopper HS, distributor BV and grid control system BNS.Its induced electric motive force of linear electric generator LG rises with train speed, therefore, electric power could be imported in the onboard power system of level pressure (for example 440V) after must boosting with boost chopper HS coupling.The every joint railway carriage of magnetic-levitation train operated by rotary motion has 32 boost chopper HS that directly are connected with linear electric generator LG, boost chopper HS above-mentioned and that linear electric generator LG directly links to each other is divided into four quadrant I-IV by arrangement position, chopper HS among each quadrant I-IV is divided into 1,2,3,4 four group again, the chopper HS of the same group number in each row links to each other and lines up four row, and every row link to each other with a cooresponding distributor BVI-IV respectively and form quadruplet electrical network I, II, III, IV.Every cover electrical network is respectively arranged with the battery pack that is made of more than or equal to 60wh/kg high power capacity single battery (for example Ni-MH battery or lithium cell) more than or equal to 45Ah, specific energy capacity, for satisfying onboard power system load electricity consumption requirement, the gross energy of this battery pack is minimum to be 79kwh.Because onboard power system generally adopts 440 volts of voltages at present, the single-unit Ni-MH battery of available 1472 joint 1.2V45Ah is formed battery pack I, II, III, the IV of 4 440 volts of 45Ah.The positive pole of each battery pack I, II, III, IV is connected with distributor BVI~IV among a cooresponding electrical network I, II, III, the IV respectively, their negative pole then is interconnected by the common wire, distributor BV by each row makes electrical network I, II, III, IV parallel connection again, forms the electric power system of a redundancy.
The configuration of the said equipment of the present invention also must cooperate the control program software by the establishment of chaos controlling strategy; the battery pack mode of operation is protected; and protective circuit that needn't be special; just can realize cancelling the present situation of power rail auxiliary power supply; this power supply control program (referring to Fig. 4) is carried out by actuating unit by grid control system BNS, existing in conjunction with this onboard power system in the process of implementation the dynamic control linkage relation (seeing shown in Figure 3) of its main functional modules this power supply control program is described in detail:
Train dwelling is prepared the operation phase.Start grid control system BNS,,, then start the externally fed system battery charge to capacity 〉=90% rated value is ended, and throw off externally fed if be lower than 70% rated value to battery pack capacity (SOC) value.If battery pack capacity 〉=70% rated value, then distributor BVI-IV connects corresponding battery pack I-IV and corresponding electrical network I-IV path, and permission is to the onboard power system electric.
After train floated startup, the speed of a motor vehicle was less than the 100km/h stage.Distributor BV opens battery pack and boost chopper HS and corresponding electrical network path simultaneously, and permission battery pack and onboard line electrical generator LG are jointly to the onboard power system electric;
The train normal operating phase.After judging that the speed of a motor vehicle is greater than 100km/h, distributor BV turn-offs the path of battery pack and electrical network, and boost chopper HS continues open-minded with corresponding electrical network path.This moment by linear electric generator LG separately to the onboard power system electric.
In the above-mentioned stage constantly to battery pack capacity value, when this capacity during less than 70% rated value, select to open the charging path of the fixed boost chopper HS of corresponding electrical network middle finger by address code to battery pack, and the voltage that promotes the boost chopper HS of this appointment is 1.15~1.25 times (this voltage is charging valtage) of line voltage, pass through the boost chopper HS of this appointment to battery charging by onboard line electrical generator LG, reach 90% rated value when above up to the battery pack capacity, turn-off the charging path of the boost chopper HS of this appointment to battery pack, this boost chopper HS returns to the electrical network normal voltage.
BST is out of joint need close boost chopper HS at once if vehicle diagnostics analysis system BLF receives the traction power supply failure message or differentiates vehicle arrangement control in the above-mentioned stage, when cutting off onboard line electrical generator LG maintenance waited in the path of onboard power system and temporary term stop, then four distributor BVI-IV open the path of four battery pack I, II, III, IV and four electrical network I, II, III, IV simultaneously, permit four battery pack I~IV collaborative, comprise the heavy-current discharge of the short time of eddy current brake to the onboard power system emergency service.STOP HERE wait to repair during, the energy of power-supply battery group is enough kept 50 minutes onboard power system load electricity consumption.For prolonging the emergency service time, preferably avoid eddy current brake as far as possible, and change inertia nature ramp to stop into.
Reduction of speed enters the station the stage.After grid control system BNS judges that the speed of a motor vehicle drops to 100km/h, distributor BV connects the suitable battery pack and the path of its corresponding electrical network, jointly to the onboard power system electric, when the speed of a motor vehicle that enters the station is zero, close boost chopper HS by battery pack and linear electric generator LG to the electrical network path.
Program is judged non-terminal point (N), then returning the preparation operation phase of stopping and continuing to repeat above-mentioned program; If destination stop (Y), then the end of program power supply stops.