CN100389755C - 粘膜传递的组合物及方法 - Google Patents
粘膜传递的组合物及方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100389755C CN100389755C CNB998164895A CN99816489A CN100389755C CN 100389755 C CN100389755 C CN 100389755C CN B998164895 A CNB998164895 A CN B998164895A CN 99816489 A CN99816489 A CN 99816489A CN 100389755 C CN100389755 C CN 100389755C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- dosage unit
- film
- hydrocolloid
- agent
- water solublity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0002—Galenical forms characterised by the drug release technique; Application systems commanded by energy
- A61K9/0007—Effervescent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0031—Rectum, anus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0034—Urogenital system, e.g. vagina, uterus, cervix, penis, scrotum, urethra, bladder; Personal lubricants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0043—Nose
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
- A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
- A61K9/006—Oral mucosa, e.g. mucoadhesive forms, sublingual droplets; Buccal patches or films; Buccal sprays
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/141—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers
- A61K9/145—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers with organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
- A61K9/1605—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/1617—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
- A61K9/1623—Sugars or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose; Derivatives thereof; Homeopathic globules
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
- A61K9/7007—Drug-containing films, membranes or sheets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
- A61K9/7015—Drug-containing film-forming compositions, e.g. spray-on
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/02—Stomatological preparations, e.g. drugs for caries, aphtae, periodontitis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
- A61P15/10—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives for impotence
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
- A61P15/18—Feminine contraceptives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/10—Antimycotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Gynecology & Obstetrics (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Reproductive Health (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
一种包括水溶性水胶体和粘膜表面形成涂层的膜的剂量单位,该膜包括有效剂量的活性药物。在剂量单位中,枸橼酸西地那非、尼古丁、氢吗啡酮、奥昔布宁或雌二醇用作活性药物。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及以溶解膜结构给药的装置及方法。
发明背景
许多药物剂型以固体形状的制品如片剂、丸剂、胶囊形片剂和胶囊的形式口服给药,这些剂型在中压下可保持它们的形状。通常将这些剂型设计成能用足量液体经全部吞咽或咀嚼来释放药物。有些患者特别是小儿科和老年患者吞咽或咀嚼固体剂型有困难。某些患者如儿童或动物拒不吃药,可能试图藏起固体丸剂以便过后将它吐出。另外,许多小儿科和老年患者不愿服用固体剂型是因为即使液体与剂量单位一起服用,活性药物也难于吞咽或保留在咽喉或食道中。此外,给药时可得到的液体对某些患者来说可能是有限的,并可能局限于某些疾病和/或治疗。咀嚼片剂提供了一些胜过传统片剂的优点。但是,它们不适合穿吊带的儿童,药物的味道难闻且难以掩盖在咀嚼片剂中。同时,咀嚼片剂给药仍然需要水。
另外,标准口服剂型如片剂、丸剂、胶囊形片剂和胶囊是为较短的口腔驻留时间而设计的。这些剂型的药物吸收发生在肠胃道(GI),在药物从剂型溶出并溶于胃液之后。对某些活性药物而言,希望通过口内粘膜组织完成吸收以便加速治疗效果的发生。
即使许多活性药物分散在胃中之后,它们也吸收不良,因为在胃液中溶解度低或溶出速率慢。可制成速溶的片剂。通常将这些片剂放在舌上并在口腔内快速崩解。但是这些剂量单位不能固定到粘膜表面而是在口中来回移动。因此,它们不能克服与窒息或堵塞有关的危险,窒息或堵塞是在有限控制他们吞咽反射的患者中发生。但是,一旦放到口中,这些片剂在唾液中快速溶解提供了一种随后可被吞咽的液体制剂。速溶片剂可由含有药物的颗粒载体基质形成,其中颗粒载体基质是蛋白质(美国专利5,807,576、美国专利5,635,210、美国专利5,595,761)。片剂也可由具有多层和外包衣的层压制品形成(日本专利100535518)。片剂也可由基本上为无定形糖的剪切式(shearform)基质来制备,无定形糖是结晶糖经加热和剪切形成的(WO95/07194;WO95/35293)。形成速溶片剂的其它方法包括湿造粒法(欧洲专利0627218)和干造粒法(欧洲专利0124027A1)和冷冻干燥法(欧洲专利0084705A2)。通常,速溶片剂是使用复杂的多步制造法形成的。另外,这些片剂的机械强度不良,易碎且不足保持活性成分(美国专利5,720,974),储存和操作困难。
治疗化合物有时是以难于吞咽的粉末或颗粒提供的并在口中产生令人不愉快的感觉。此外,许多速溶片剂含有会在口中留下“砂粒”和令人不愉快的味道的颗粒(>25微米)。在老年人中,粉末会引起与颗粒截留在托牙中有关的窒息和不适。粉末和颗粒通常包装在用前需撕裂的密封小袋中。这对老年患者和患有指关节炎的患者以及儿童会产生问题。因此,在这类患者中会产生内含物的泄漏问题。此外,这些口服制剂必需用水吞服,这对某些患者不便并会导致患者依从性的减少。
液体、糖浆或混悬剂可替代固体剂型并对吞咽片剂有问题的小儿科和老年患者来说是理想的。但是,这些剂型常常难以精确测量且给药困难。液体制剂暴露于热和大气之中时迅速变质,因此货架期较短。此外,液体制剂需要较大体积且储存体积庞大。
除了固体和液体剂型之外,人们已开发出速溶口颊/口释药体系。这些体系通常为冷冻干燥制剂,其与片剂相比制备更加昂贵(美国专利5,648,093)。此外,冷冻干燥制剂操作时易碎,必需保持在干燥条件下以防崩解。可通过添加甘露醇在一定程度上降低冷冻干燥制剂的不稳定性(美国专利4,946,684)。WO9820862报道了一种按照某一方法形成的薄膜,该方法没有利用冷冻干燥且可避免在本领域中描述的问题如薄膜刚性、软化延缓以及口中溶解性不良(美国专利4,876,092;欧洲专利0200508;EPO 381194;CA-PS 1-26331;DE2449865.5;DE3630603;欧洲专利0452446和欧洲专利0219762)。但是,在WO9820862中描述的薄膜依赖于至少使用两种不同的非离子表面活性剂以达到快速润湿。
希望剂量单位提供一种不侵入、高效和经济的方式将活性药物释放到靶位。在靶位为血浆的地方产生了与药物释放到该部位的速率(通过生物利用度测量)有关的其它问题。就许多类型的活性药物而言,希望治疗效果能快速开始。传统的口服制剂(如片剂)的起效时间受胃肠道中的吸收速率限制。已开发出应用到口中时比传统的口服剂量起效更快的制剂,因为它们将口内粘膜作为靶位。这些制剂包括含有75%-90%的可在口内体温下熔化的聚乙二醇的剂量单位(美国专利5,004,601和5,135,752)。其它制剂包括舌下给药或通过贴剂上甜基质给药的液体制剂、锭剂或片剂(美国专利5,770,606,Streisand等人和Zhang等人,Christie等人,Sasaki等人)。虽然上述参考文献考虑了释放途径,但是它们没有考虑由于溶解度差或低溶出速率引起的生物利用度问题。
考虑了上述局限性的释放装置意味着对现有释放系统进行需要的改进。
发明概述
提供了一种新型的剂量单位以及它的制造和使用方法。在一个实施方案中,剂量单位包括水溶性水胶体、粘膜表面形成涂层的膜,该膜包括有效剂量的活性药物。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,水胶体包括选自天然、半天然及合成生物聚合物(以多糖和多肽为例)的聚合物。除了水胶体之外,该膜另外还包括一种或多种乳化剂、增塑剂、味道调节剂、水溶性惰性填充剂、防腐剂、缓冲剂、着色剂、渗透促进剂和稳定剂。该膜另外还包括选自治疗剂、饮食补充剂和保健助剂的活性药物。本发明实施方案采用了有效量的枸橼酸西地那非、尼古丁、氢吗啡酮、奥昔布宁或雌二醇在剂量单位中用作活性药物。该活性药物可包封到溶解特性不同于水胶体的第二种聚合物中。膜中可包括一种以上的活性药物。在本发明的一个实施方案中,乳化剂的浓度可以为0.1-10%(重量)。水惰性填充剂可包括0.5-50%的浓度范围,而防腐剂可包括0.01-10%的浓度范围。粘膜粘附促进剂(如淀粉接枝共聚物)可包含在剂量单位之中。
在本发明实施方案中,剂量单位另外还包括以下任一特征:干膜厚度范围为25.4×10-3至0.51毫米(或为1-20mil),更特别是小于0.25毫米(或为10mil),干粘性值小于3.5克,更特别是小于2克,湿粘性值大于35克,拉伸强度大于105.45千克/平方厘米(或为1500psi),模量范围为2.46×103-2.11×104千克/平方厘米(或为35,000-300,000psi),抗撕裂蔓延力范围为0.001牛顿-1牛顿,崩解时间范围为1-300秒,溶出时间范围为10-600秒以及伸长百分率小于20%。
在本发明实施方案中提供了制备剂量单位的方法,在一个实施方案中,该方法包括将水胶体在溶剂中溶解以便形成基本均一的制剂,将活性药物和至少一种选自乳化剂、增塑剂、味道调节剂、水溶性惰性填充剂、着色剂、防腐剂、渗透促进剂、稳定剂和缓冲剂的试剂添加到水胶体制剂中形成可涂布的混合物;并以从该混合物形成的粘膜表面形成涂层的膜作为剂量单位的包装。该方法另外还包括将混合物涂布到底膜这一步骤。在另一实施方案中,试剂包括水胶体、活性药物和至少一种选自乳化剂、增塑剂、味道调节剂、水溶性惰性填充剂、着色剂、防腐剂、渗透促进剂、稳定剂和缓冲剂的试剂,可按任何次序在配有热源和机械混合设备的容器中混合,将合并成分在成分添加到容器期间和之后进行混合,用有效热量软化大部分混合物。然后该混合物以干式挤出法形成膜。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,提供了一种将活性药物给予患者的方法,其包括获得水溶性水胶体、粘膜表面形成涂层的膜,该膜包括有效剂量的活性药物;并将该膜放在患者粘膜表面形成涂层的膜上;以便释放活性药物。
在本发明另一实施方案中,提供了一种在接触粘膜表面的膜中包括水溶性水胶体和有效剂量的枸橼酸西地那非的剂量单位。具体而言,有效剂量的枸橼酸西地那非与木糖醇形成固态分散体用于治疗勃起功能障碍。该西地那非/木糖醇分散体可与至少一种选自乳化剂、增塑剂、味道调节剂、着色剂、防腐剂、渗透促进剂、稳定剂和缓冲剂的试剂混合。西地那非和木糖醇的固体分散体可按9份西地那非对1份木糖醇这一比率产生。按照涉及了适用于勃起功能障碍的剂量单位和剂量单位的制法的本发明实施方案,在固态分散体中的西地那非的水溶解度至少为20毫克/毫升,更特别是约50毫克/毫升。更特别是,在口腔粘膜表面该膜能在10-600秒内完全溶出。
附图简述
图1说明了本发明的剂量单位在口腔内的可能应用部位。(1)是上嘴唇;(2)是牙龈;(3)是硬腭;(4)是面颊;(5)是舌;(6)是舌下;(7)是下嘴唇。
图2说明了剂量单位的一种生产方法。(8)是混合和脱气罐;(9)是配有厚度控制仪的涂布槽;(10)是聚酯后动带;(11)是配有通风控制仪的烘箱;(12)是口内膜;(13)是模切;(14)是口内单元剂量。图3说明了用于口内释放系统的包装和配料设备的实例。(15)是热封单囊;(16)是多单位泡罩片;(17)是多单位分量包装;17(a)容器按扣(snap)和17(b)盖;(18)是多单位辊式分配器圆筒;(19)是多孔薄膜带;和(20)是单剂量膜。
图4证明了口内释放系统的崩解和溶出时间是厚度的函数。--●--是崩解时间和--○--是溶出时间。
发明详述
固态活性药物经口的释放对因剂量单位而可窒息的患者会产生问题。这一结果至少部分是由于口内剂量单位的流动性引起的。我们已开发出一种新的剂量单位,其在口中不会流动,因为它与湿粘膜表面接触。该膜变成可粘附到粘膜表面的涂层,然后崩解和在剂量设计控制的时间范围内溶出。在本发明的一个实施方案中,剂量单位为一种柔性、不粘、干燥方便的包装膜形式。一旦从包装除去并放在粘膜表面,粘膜表面形成涂层的膜基本上立即在粘膜的湿表面上水合形成涂层,然后崩解和溶出从膜释放活性药物。
剂量单位在一段时间内可释放的活性药物是由许多不同的因素决定的。这些因素包括膜的尺寸,活性药物的浓度,药物在粘膜表面的溶解性以及药物是如何通过薄膜分散的。膜厚度是决定溶出速率的一个因素。厚膜比其它方面相似的薄膜溶出更慢。厚膜的容量对需要高剂量的活性药物来说是理想的。虽然膜的表面积可调整到高达约5平方厘米,为了获得有效的活性药物剂量,增加厚度也可能是理想的。活性药物与水溶性惰性填充剂形成固体分散体就是为了增加药物从薄膜释放后的溶解度,由此提高活性药物的生物利用度。这里的例子有与水溶性惰性填充剂(如木糖醇,在这里已发现其可提高该药物的生物利用度)一起加入到膜中的西地那非。在本领域中众所周知的增溶剂可包含在膜中。活性药物在粘膜表面从剂量单位的吸收程度可通过膜的溶出速率加以控制。溶解膜将释放出活性药物,这又引起活性药物被吞咽以及在胃肠道中被吸收。相反,药物在粘膜表面的缓慢释放将引起粘膜表面吸收的增加。控制活性药物在粘膜表面释放的另一参数为药物在膜中分散的方式。例如,可将药物以胶体颗粒或膜内的微胶囊分散,或可通过流延期间作为试剂混合在膜中分散。
本发明剂量单位可用作释放各种活性药物的介质。例如,活性药物可以是小分子、蛋白质、包括反义分子的核酸或其它生物或合成分子。
在本说明书和以下权利要求书中应用到膜(除非另外说明)的术语“粘膜表面形成涂层”,指膜涂布到接触粘膜表面,此后不用人工回收或从接触部位除去;随后崩解和溶出以便释放活性药物。应该指出的是对于本发明说明书和权利要求书而言,“粘膜表面”指身体的任何湿表面。这包括图1中指出的表面。另外还包括淋巴液浸湿组织表面的伤口表面。
本发明实施方案包括将药物局部和全身释放给患者粘膜表面速溶膜的方法、组合物及使用方法。在下文中,通过举例对口腔作具体描述。但是,并不表示将本发明的范围局限于口腔。本发明剂量单位可应用到被认为适用于全身或局部释放活性药物的任何粘膜表面(包括阴道、直肠和眼睛表面)。为了口释药,膜可应用于舌、舌下、口颊、牙龈和腭表面(图1)。
为了阴道释放诸如包括壬苯醇醚的避孕药或包括抗真菌剂、抗菌剂和抗病毒剂的抗感染药或芳香剂或保健剂的此类试剂;当从包装取出时膜应该是不粘的,但是当施用于阴道中时必需具有粘膜粘附性。虽然已经使用在阴道中使用的含有活性药物的膜,但是它们看上去有许多明显的缺陷,最特别的是在粘膜表面缺乏粘附性。这使得这些膜给药不切实际。(美国专利5,380,529;5,595,980和5,529,782)。
本发明实施方案提供了适合所有年龄组的用来释放活性药物的改良剂型而且医生、父母、患者和家庭成员可轻松给药。这些剂型制备经济并具有更长的货架期。给药之前它们易于操作且不粘就是为了避免使用前崩解,方便的货架期包装,储存和分配简易。该剂型可通过将膜放在粘膜表面给予患者,这时膜变成粘膜粘附涂层,其特征在于它不再以独立的形式存在并随后分散在溶液中。
本发明实施方案提供一种用于在湿粘膜表面(例如在口腔中)溶解并完全释放出它们内容物的活性药物和其它活性药物的释放系统。活性药物释放的发生无需咀嚼或给水。通过口腔的特定参照,本发明实施方案提供了残留于口腔中用于治疗或改良口内环境(例如牙周病治疗或呼吸-气味控制)的活性药物。此外,本发明的实施方案还提供的改进包括:改善感官特性(气味和味道),打算放在口腔内的剂型的结构和感觉;在口中“溶化”并在溶解后留下令人愉快的平滑后感的剂型;活性药物从速溶剂型溶出后长时间滞留在口中可延长活性药物的停留时间,该活性药物通过产生的唾液以及随后的吞咽从口中除去。根据本发明特定应用的最佳方案,崩解时间和溶出时间可通过调整配方和膜厚而控制在规定范围内。有时,希望活性药物的释放发生在膜溶解之后。就这些应用而言,可将活性药物包封到溶解性不同于水胶体的物质中。也可利用活性药物的包封来达到遮蔽味苦的药物的味道。有时,膜中可包括两种或多种不同活性药物。经常采用的多种活性药物给药的一个实例是常常含有几种活性药物的感冒药。
这里和在权利要求书中定义的“涂布液”指水胶体、活性药物和其它添加剂在溶剂中的一种粘性和均匀混合物。涂布液按本发明方法处理形成膜。
这里和在权利要求书中的“患者”定义为人或动物。
这里和在权利要求书中的“厚度”定义为以mil(1mil=千分之一英寸)测量的测量值,它是膜放在两块显微镜载玻片之间测定的。
这里和在权利要求书中定义的“渗透促进剂”指可促进活性药物通过粘膜表面吸收的天然或合成分子。
这里和在权利要求书中定义的“酶抑制剂”指可抑制活性药物在唾液或粘膜组织中的酶代谢的天然或合成分子。
这里和在权利要求书中定义的“含水量”指按照Karl Fisher法测量的每单位剂量的残余水含量并以膜干重的百分率表示。
这里和在权利要求书中定义的“水合速率”指在25℃和75%相对湿度下在24小时内的吸水速度。
这里定义的“溶胀百分率”指初始体积在溶解之前增加的百分率。在本发明实施方案中,溶胀百分率在60秒内小于10%。
味道调节剂包括矫味剂、甜味剂和味道遮蔽剂,例子有精油或薄荷醇的水溶性提取物、冬青、薄荷、甜薄荷、绿薄荷、香兰素、樱桃、巧克力、肉桂、丁香、柠檬、橙、红莓、玫瑰、香料、堇菜、草本植物、水果、草莓、葡萄、菠萝、桃、鹬鸵、番木瓜、芒果、椰子、苹果、咖啡、李子、西瓜、坚果、durean、绿茶、葡萄柚、香蕉、黄油、春黄菊、糖、葡萄糖、乳糖、甘露糖醇、蔗糖、木糖醇、malitol、丁磺氨钾、踝蛋白(talin)、甘草甜素、三氯蔗糖(sucralose)、天冬甜素、糖精、糖精钠、环己基氨基磺酸钠和蜂蜜。
乳化剂包括增溶剂和润湿剂,例子有聚乙烯醇、脱水山梨糖醇酯、环糊精、苯甲酸苄酯、甘油单硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯、泊咯沙姆、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油衍生物、氢化植物油、胆汁盐、聚山梨酯和乙醇。
增塑剂可包括甘油、山梨醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、甘油三醋酸酯、柠檬酸三乙酯(TEC)、柠檬酸乙酰基三乙酯(ATEC)和其它柠檬酸酯。
活性药物(用于人和兽应用)包括治疗剂、营养补充剂和保健助剂。治疗剂的例子为镇痛药、α-肾上腺素能受体阻断剂、抗阿尔茨海默氏病药物、治疗心绞痛药、抗焦虑药、抗心律失常药(antiarrythmics)、治关节炎药、抗生素、抗凝血剂/溶栓剂、抗惊厥药/抗帕金森病药、抗抑郁药、抗糖尿病药、止泻药、抗癫痫药、抗真菌剂、抗痛风剂、抗犬恶丝虫药、抗组胺药、抗高血压药、抗炎药、抗感染药、抗偏头痛药、止恶心药(anti-nasuant)/止吐剂、抗肿瘤药/抗肿瘤活性药、止痒剂、治精神病药、退热剂、镇痉药、抗病毒药、支气管扩张剂/抗哮喘药、钙拮抗剂、强心剂、强心药、中枢神经系统药、避孕药、冠状血管舒张剂、咳嗽/感冒药、包括维生素和矿物质的饮食补充剂、利尿剂、生育药、动物跳蚤防治剂(异阿凡曼菌素)、H2受体拮抗剂、草本植物活性剂、激素、降血糖剂、降血脂剂、肌肉松弛剂、排卵刺激剂、肽活性剂、多肽活性剂、蛋白质(如胰岛素、降钙素,LHRH等)、镇静剂和安眠剂、性功能障碍活性剂、睡眠助剂、戒烟助剂、类固醇和甾族类物质、镇定剂、通泻剂、眼制剂、营养补充剂、呼吸清新剂、呼吸除臭剂、唾液代用品、抗龈炎剂、抗龋齿剂、抗噬菌斑剂、诊断显示剂以及局部麻醉剂。也包括治疗骨质疏松的药物、激素替代剂、治疗牙周病的药物、抗菌剂、皮质甾类药、非甾体抗炎药、抗病毒药和疫苗。
水溶性惰性填充剂包括甘露糖醇、木糖醇、蔗糖、乳糖、麦芽糖糊精、葡聚糖、糊精、改性淀粉、葡萄糖、山梨醇及葡聚糖结合剂。水溶性惰性填充剂在本发明实施方案中用作可与药物形成高水溶性分散体的惰性载体。
缓冲剂包括酸化剂和碱化剂,例子有柠檬酸、富马酸、乳酸、酒石酸、苹果酸以及柠檬酸钠、碳酸氢钠和碳酸钠、磷酸钠或钾和氧化镁。
着色剂可包括FD&C着色剂、天然着色剂和天然浓缩汁、颜料(如氧化钛、二氧化硅和氧化锌)。
这里和权利要求书中使用的稳定剂包括抗氧化剂、螯合剂及酶抑制剂,例子有抗坏血酸、维生素E、丁基化羟基茴香醚(BHA)、丁基化羟基甲苯(BHT)、没食子酸丙酯、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、硫化二丙酸、愈创木胶、柠檬酸、乙二胺四乙酸及其盐和谷胱甘肽。
这里防腐剂包括抗微生物剂和非有机化合物,例子有苯甲酸钠、对羟苯甲酸酯及衍生物、山梨酸及其盐、丙酸及其盐、二氧化硫和亚硫酸盐、乙酸及乙酸盐、亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐。
膜的机械性能由拉伸强度模量、伸长百分率(ASTM D882,用于薄塑料片拉伸特性的标准测试法)以及抗撕裂蔓延力(ASTM D1938,采用单撕裂法的塑料膜和薄片的抗撕裂蔓延力的标准测试法)确定。在这里机械性能是使用Annual Book of ASTM Standards,美国国家标准协会,纽约1995中描述的标准方法测量的。
“拉伸强度”(psi)是需要载荷引起膜负荷形变破坏的膜特性。
“伸长百分率”是当使用足够的力超过弹性极限拉断膜时测量的。
“释放研究”是活性药物从膜释放的百分率,在合适的溶出容器和介质中在特定温度和pH条件下其为时间的函数。
“干粘性”是按照Texture Technologies公司的纹理分析器的干膜粘性定量值(克)(型号TA.XT2i,采用直径6毫米的不锈钢圆筒探测器)。在相同的表面积上添加10毫升水后的粘性被定义为可模拟薄膜与湿粘膜表面接触时粘附的湿粘性(克)。在本发明实施方案中,干粘性为0.2-3.5克,优选0.4-2.0克,湿粘性为35-150克,优选40-100克。
这里和权利要求书中定义的“抗撕裂蔓延力”指在ASTM D1938中定义的特定拉伸速率下膜或片撕裂蔓延所需平均力(牛顿)并在负荷时间图中加以说明。在本发明的优选实施方案中,抗撕裂蔓延力为0.001牛顿-1牛顿,优选0.01牛顿-1牛顿。
这里和权利要求书中定义的“崩解时间”指膜与水或唾液接触时的破碎时间(秒)。在本发明实施方案中,崩解时间为1-300秒。
这里和权利要求书中定义的“溶出时间”指不少于80%的测试膜在水介质或唾液中溶出的时间(秒或分钟)。在本发明实施方案中,溶出时间为10-600秒。
“模量”为膜劲度的测量。
对决定粘膜表面形成涂层的组合物的特性起显著作用的一个因素为水胶体的粘度。水胶体的粘度取决于其分子大小、衍生物、疏水性和亲水性以及制剂中出现的其他添加剂。对比由水胶体、羟甲基纤维素形成的膜,它们具有不同粘度值,如表9a和9b所示。
在本发明实施方案中,提供了浓度范围为膜干重的5-99%,更特别是大于10%的水胶体。这些膜具有可改善操作和使用的容易程度的干粘性和湿粘性特性。膜的低干粘性提供了某种实际吸引力,易操作膜既不易碎也不发粘,且易于从包装取出并置于粘膜表面。膜的湿粘性提供了粘性湿膜的优点,从而当膜放在粘膜上时,它保持附着在该部位直到它溶解。相反,如果湿粘性太低,薄膜在口中移动,溶解之前可能被吞咽并可能引起窒息。此外,膜的低水分含量和低干粘性延长了薄膜的货架期并提高了剂型的灵活性。这些特性使得薄膜便于制备、包装、操作和应用。
在本发明实施方案中,选择胶凝温度高于70℃的水溶性聚合物(2%聚合物溶液)。具有这些特征的水胶体的水合速率很快,聚合物的吸水百分率在75%湿度及室温下为5-20%。按照膜所需润湿性选择水合速率由此可避免对表面活性剂的需求。水合膜的湿粘性为35-150克,更特别是40-100克。溶胀百分率在60秒内可小于10%。将膜流延以便获得1-20mil的厚度。膜的水分含量为0.5-10%,优选1-5%。在本发明实施方案中,膜可以使用两种或多种只是分子量不同和/或取代度不同的相同水胶体的混合物来形成。膜溶出时间在10-600秒范围内(见图4),膜崩解时间可以为1-300秒。膜中的活性药物可以包封到化学或物理特性以及溶解特征不同于膜的水胶体的聚合物中。表1,3,6,7提供了按照本发明形成的具有在上述范围内特性的薄膜的实例。
易操作是通过膜的干粘性来表征的,柔软性是通过薄膜的拉伸强度、模量、伸长百分率和抗撕力反映的。例如,干粘性为0.2-3.5克,更特别是0.4-2.0克。对厚度为2mil的膜而言,拉伸强度可为1500-10,000psi,更特别是2000-8000,更特别是大于2000psi,模量为35,000-300,000,伸长百分率小于20%,更特别是1-10%。
在本发明实施方案中,水胶体可为水溶性非胶凝(在室温下)天然多糖或衍生物,包括果胶及衍生物、阿拉伯瓜尔豆胶、黄蓍胶、黄原胶、吉兰糖(gellan)钠盐、丙二醇藻酸酯、淀粉(直链淀粉,支链淀粉)、改性淀粉、羟乙基淀粉、出芽短梗酶聚糖、羧甲基淀粉、印度胶、秋葵胶、刺梧桐树胶、葡聚糖、糊精、麦芽糖糊精、魔芋、芦荟(aleo)的乙酰化甘露聚糖(acemannan)、刺槐豆胶、刺荚栲胶、砕栌籽胶、葫芦巴籽胶、小核菌葡聚糖(scleroglucan)、阿拉伯胶、欧车前籽胶、罗望子胶、燕麦胶、砕栌籽胶、角叉菜胶、scleraglucan、琥珀酰葡聚糖、落叶松阿拉伯半乳聚糖、亚麻子树胶、硫酸软骨素、透明质酸、热凝胶多糖(curdlan)、聚氨基葡糖、去乙酰化魔芋和根瘤菌属(Rhizobium)胶。
在本发明实施方案中,水胶体可以是水溶性非胶凝多肽或蛋白质,例子有明胶、白蛋白、乳蛋白、大豆蛋白和乳清蛋白。水胶体另外还选自合成水胶体,以下面的任一个为例:聚乙烯亚胺、羟乙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、羧甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、聚丙烯酸、低分子量聚丙烯酰胺以及它们的钠盐(卡波姆)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙二醇、聚环氧乙烷、聚乙烯醇、泊洛沙姆、tetronics和其它嵌段共聚物、羧乙烯基聚合物以及胶体二氧化硅。本发明优选实施方案采用具有约19-30%甲氧基含量和7-12%羟丙基含量和大约50,000-250,000道尔顿分子量的羟丙基甲基纤维素(表9)。除了水胶体和活性药物,薄膜可以含有以下任一成分或所有成分:乳化剂、增溶剂、润湿剂、味道调节剂、增塑剂、活性药物、水溶性惰性填充剂、防腐剂、缓冲剂、着色剂和稳定剂。在优选实施方案中,加入膜中的至少单一成分(下述种类中的每一个)的干重浓度百分率如下:乳化剂(0.1%-10%)、增塑剂(0.5-20%)、活性药物(0.01-75%)、味道调节剂(0.1-10%)、着色剂(0.01-5%)、水溶性惰性填充剂(0.5-50%)、防腐剂(0.01-10%)、缓冲剂(0.1-10%)和稳定剂(0.01-5%)。
制备本发明剂量单位的方法包括如图2所示的溶剂流铸法或实施例11中列举的其它挤出法。挤出法包括使用机械力和适度的热量混合组分形成膜。值得注意的是,上述方法不需要冷冻干燥步骤。上述方法在生产期间也不需要过热或过冷。
在本发明实施方案中,溶剂流铸法包括将完全溶解或分散于水中或含水醇溶液中的天然或合成水胶体混合形成均质制剂。除了活性药物和水胶体,可将以上列举的任一成分添加并均匀分散或溶解在水胶体溶液中。药物和矫味剂可在膜形成之前或之后加入。将这种固体含量为5-50%以及粘度为500-15000cps的均质混合物(涂布液)脱气(8)并按5-50mil的湿膜厚度(9),更优选5-20mil的湿膜厚度涂布在聚酯膜(10)的未硅化侧,在通风及40-100℃的温度下干燥以防制剂(11)中含有的药物不稳定。图2说明了形成剂量单位的生产方法。通过这种方法形成的干膜是一种有光、卓越、自立、不粘的柔性膜(12)。然后将干膜切成适当的形状(13)和表面积用于在优选部位的活性药物释放。例如,流延膜可使用旋转模头模切成不同的形状和尺寸。例如膜可以切成含有单一剂量单位的尺寸。例如,剂量单位可包括表面积为5平方厘米、所含活性药物剂量为20-250毫克的膜(14)。膜大小可按照所需剂量改变。每平方厘米中所含剂量是按照活性药物选择的。然后将膜包装到单一小袋包装、多单位泡罩片或多单位分配器中(图3)。
与上述方法相反,干挤出法不需要将水胶体放到溶剂中。而是将剂量单位成分以干态一起混合并加热。然后使加热过的掺合物通过挤压模头形成所选厚度的膜。然后将膜切开并包装。
干挤出法有许多优点。首先,它是一种经济的方法。其次,因为没有烘箱,膜挤出比溶剂涂布更快。第三,干挤出省去了除去残余溶剂这一步骤。一些溶剂通常存在于溶剂涂布法中并可影响膜的安全性或稳定性。在膜需要的是有机溶剂而不是水的地方,按照环境条例可能需要从膜除去溶剂。挤出法省去了回收溶剂的任何需要并排除了膜中的残余溶剂。
可通过选择膜来制备剂量单位以供使用,该膜能够释放有效剂量并通过将膜放在粘膜表面(如口腔粘膜)而将膜给予患者(图1),其中膜在体液(如唾液)中溶解(0.5-10分钟)并以液态吞咽。图4用图解法说明了不同厚度的膜的崩解和溶出速率。图5说明了四种药物从按照实施例5-8的膜的释放曲线。通过粘膜组织吸收的剂量部分可通过在膜中使用渗透促进剂加以促进。
在粘膜局部以及胃肠道系统全身吸收的药物的总生物利用度与同等剂量的以传统口服片剂或胶囊剂型给出的活性药物相比提高了。在图6和表11中的举例说明了西地那非膜的生物利用度优于万艾可。膜的口驻留性、口感性、气味和味道可基于制备膜和药物所用的水胶体和其它赋形剂加以调节。
对本发明进行说明而不表示限于下面提供的实施例。按照实施例1-8,水胶体经搅拌混合在水中溶解形成一种均匀的粘性液。然后将其它成分(如薄荷、天冬甜素、丙二醇、苯甲酸和柠檬酸)经搅拌混合依次添加到粘性液中直到它们均匀分散或溶解在水胶体中。在真空室中将最终混合物脱气直到除去捕获的气泡。测量粘度、pH值和比重。然后按10mil的湿厚将制剂涂布在聚酯膜的非硅化侧并在50℃的热空气循环箱中干燥9分钟。干燥后获得一种有光、基本透明、卓越、自立、不粘的柔性膜。将干膜切成不同形状用于测量干粘性、湿粘性、拉伸强度模量、伸长率、抗撕力、残余水含量、崩解和溶出。该剂型为25-250毫克不同形状、尺寸和厚度的剂型。
实施例9说明了当应用不同的羟甲基纤维素聚合物时剂量单位的特性是如何变化的。实施例10说明了如何使用促进剂(以淀粉接枝共聚物为例)将粘膜粘附提高到高达至少84%。在体内对剂量单位的研究表明它能很好地被患者耐受(实施例12)而且生物利用度获得提高(实施例13)。
实施例
实施例1-3:速溶膜、组成以及相关特性
膜按如下方法制备:按表1所给量将各组分均匀的混合物制备成涂布液。量是按涂布液的重量百分率给出的。将混合物在真空室中脱气并涂布在聚酯膜的未硅化侧,在热空气循环烘箱中干燥形成一种自立、不粘的柔性膜。然后将该膜切成剂量单位以备包装。
表1:使用几种不同水胶体的速溶膜的制剂
组成:涂布液% | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 |
出芽短梗酶聚糖(Pullalan)(P-20)%(重量) | 17.5 | ||
Methocel E5%(重量) | 21.06 | ||
POLYOX WSR N-10%(重量) | 1.8 | ||
PVA(Vinol 125)%(重量) | 1.5 | ||
纤维素胶%(重量) | 8.1 | ||
丙二醇%(重量) | 1.0 | 2.5 | |
天冬甜素%(重量) | 0.8 | 0.475 | 0.46 |
薄荷%(重量) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.6 |
柠檬酸%(重量) | 0.7 | 0.8 | |
聚氧乙烯蓖麻油(CremphorEL)40%(重量) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
苯甲酸%(重量) | 0.013 | 0.1 | 0.01 |
FD&C蓝#1%(重量) | 适量 | ||
FD&C黄#5%(重量) | 适量 | ||
乙醇%(重量) | 10.6 |
水%(重量) | 74.42 | 67.025 | 85.6 |
表2:由表1的涂布液形成膜的特性
干膜特性 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 |
厚度(mil) | 2.1 | 2.5 | 2.6 |
水分含量% | 1.7 | 8.5 | 8.0 |
干粘性(克) | 0.67 | 0.55 | 0.60 |
湿粘性(克) | 60.16 | 86.64 | 72.27 |
拉伸强度(psi) | 5242 | 2381 | 2036 |
伸长百分率(秒) | 2.9 | 4 | 2.9 |
模量(psi) | 266834 | 272502 | 44566 |
抗撕力(牛顿) | 0.02 | 0.16 | 0.01 |
崩解(秒) | 12 | 20 | 12 |
溶出时间(秒) | 41 | 60 | 39 |
表3:按照表1和表2的实施例1的各组分干重百分率
成分 | 百分率(重量/重量) |
Methocel E5 | 82.35 |
丙二醇 | 3.91 |
天冬甜素 | 3.13 |
柠檬酸 | 2.74 |
薄荷油 | 3.91 |
PEG-40氢化蓖麻油 | 3.91 |
苯甲酸 | 0.5 |
FD&C蓝#1 | 适量 |
FD&C黄#5 | 适量 |
表4:按照表1中实施例1的参数的平均值
特性 | 值 | ±标准偏差(n) |
重量(克/剂量 膜) | 0.028 | 0.001(4) |
厚度(mil) | 2.1 | 0.12(3) |
pH | 3.07 | (1) |
密度(克/厘米<sup>3</sup>) | 1.0485 | 0.009(3) |
%水分含量 | 1.7 | 0.24(2) |
干粘性(克) | 0.674 | 0.110(6) |
湿粘性(克) | 60.169 | 11.680(6) |
拉伸强度(psi) | 5242 | 379(5) |
伸长百分率 | 2.9 | 0.4(5) |
模量(psi) | 266834 | 7910(5) |
抗撕裂蔓延力(牛顿) | 0.02 | 0.00(4) |
崩解时间(秒) | 12 | 1(3) |
溶出时间(秒) | 41 | 5(3) |
实施例4-8:含有治疗剂的羟丙基甲基纤维素基速溶口内膜
按照实施例1-3制备膜。在膜形成之前将治疗剂添加到均质混合物(涂布液)中。
表5
组成(涂布液) | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | 实施例7 | 实施例8 |
尼古丁 | 1.4 | ||||
氢吗啡酮 | 2.92 | ||||
奥昔布宁 | 3.71 | ||||
雌二醇 | 1.49 | ||||
薄荷 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Methocel E5(HPMC) | 21.06 | 21.06 | 21.06 | 21.06 | 21.06 |
丙二醇 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.01 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
天冬甜素 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
柠檬酸 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
聚氧乙烯蓖麻油40 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
苯甲酸 | 0.013 | 0.013 | 0.013 | 0.013 | 0.013 |
FD&C蓝#1 | 适量 | ||||
FD&C黄#5 | 适量 | ||||
水 | 74.43 | 73.03 | 71.51 | 70.72 | 72.94 |
表6:按照表5中的制剂形成膜的特性
特性 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | 实施例7 | 实施例8 |
厚度(mil) | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 2.7 |
密度(克/厘米<sup>3</sup>) | 1.18 | 1.19 | 1.13 | 1.20 | 1.16 |
%水分含量 | 1.8 | 2.93 | 2.42 | 2.32 | 2.31 |
干粘性(克) | 0.67 | 0.608 | 0.619 | 1.215 | 0.671 |
湿粘性(克) | 49.08 | 54.81 | 84.34 | 88.85 | 39.91 |
拉伸强度(psi) | 4393 | 3373 | 4138 | 3549 | 3688 |
伸长百分率(秒) | 8.3 | 8.3 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 7.5 |
模量(psi) | 45969 | 48168 | 42110 | 41745 | 53334 |
抗撕力(牛顿) | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.01 |
崩解(秒) | 43.0 | 34.3 | 27.3 | 36.0 | 55.7 |
溶出时间(秒) | 73.7 | 64.3 | 58.0 | 65.7 | 111.3 |
表7:西地那非膜的组成(%湿基)
组成 | 百分率 |
枸橼酸西地那非 | 28.93 |
木糖醇 | 3.21 |
Methocel E15 | 4.59 |
丙二醇 | 3.67 |
天冬甜素 | 0.46 |
苯甲酸 | 0.0045 |
薄荷油 | 0.46 |
乙二胺四乙酸钠 | 0.0045 |
泊咯沙姆(Polyoxamer)L-44 | 2.3 |
水 | 55 |
Polypro 5000 | 0.92 |
表8:按照表7中的制剂形成膜的特性
特性 | 实施例9 |
厚度 | 3.2±0.1 |
密度(克/厘米3) | 1.230 |
干粘性(克) | 1.21±0.19 |
湿粘性(克) | 23.79±3.45 |
拉伸强度(psi) | 421±49 |
伸长百分率 | 4.0±0.7 |
模量(psi) | 31822±6137 |
抗撕力(牛顿) | 0.04±00 |
崩解(秒) | 8.3±1.5 |
溶出(秒) | 23.7±1.5 |
实施例9:使用不同的羟丙基甲基纤维素聚合物的剂量单位的特性对比
按照本发明的剂量单位的特性可通过改变个别组分加以改进。例如,薄膜的溶出可通过使用具有以下表9所示的更高分子量的羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)加以延长。
表9a:所选的可买到的羟丙基甲基纤维素聚合物的特性
*每个值是标准±偏差的平均值,n=6
实施例10:粘膜粘附性的提高
粘膜粘附性的提高同样可应用到不同厚度的膜上。制备以下制剂:
表10
组合物/测试结果 | 实施例1 | 实施例10a | 实施例10b |
实施例1的组合物 | 100% | 99.9% | 95% |
淀粉接枝共聚物<sup>*</sup> | 0 | 0.1% | 5% |
平均粘膜粘附测量值(克)<sup>**</sup> | 17.5 | 26.6 | 32.3 |
标准偏差 | 7.8 | 4.7 | 4.0 |
粘膜粘附增长百分率 | 基准值 | 52% | 84.6% |
*淀粉接枝共聚物是在水中使用1∶3支链玉米淀粉(Amioca)∶丙烯酸(由NSCC提供)通过聚合制备的并在美国专利4,690,996以及Block andGraft Copolymerization(嵌段和接枝共聚)(第1卷,R.J.Ceresa编,JohnWiley and Sons,1973)中作了更详细的描述,这两篇参考文献通过引用整体结合至本文中。
**使用拉伸仪(如纹理分析器)测量粘膜粘附,其测量了本发明产品从模拟粘膜组织物质的分离用力。类粘膜物质是使用3.25%吉兰糖胶和1.6%粘蛋白的混合物在水中制备的。将被测试的产品与模拟粘膜表面接触5秒并分离。分离力是按以克力(克或克力)为单位的粘膜粘附值测量的。使用的测试条件如下:施用速度=3毫米/秒,分离速度=2毫米/秒,分离前用力=150克,接触时间=5秒,接触表面=122.7平方毫米。
实施例11:使用干挤出法制备膜
使用机械力将77.8克聚氧乙烯(PolyoxWSR N-10)混合并在混合期间添加以下其它组分:5.5克雌二醇、3.7克薄荷、3.7克丙二醇、3.0克天冬甜素、2.6克柠檬酸、3.7克Cremphor EL 40和0.05克苯甲酸。将温度保持在约70℃。
在70℃下将掺合物混合直到均匀。然后通过挤塑模头使它形成厚度为5mil的膜。然后将该膜切成剂型以备包装。
实施例12:人临床急性刺激性的研究
对按照实施例1制备的安慰剂进行初期临床刺激性研究。在1小时内将6种HPMC基膜应用到12个患者中的每一个。在每次施用之前、每次施用之后、最后施用1小时和24小时后评价施用部位和口内粘膜的任何急性刺激性。对以下指征:红斑、水肿、大疱、浸渍和溢液按等级0-4打分。任何测试部位没有检测出刺激性作用且在每次施用期间、最后施用1小时和24小时后没有检测出任何刺激性作用的指征。
询问每个患者评估每次施用的口感、产品味道、感觉和溶出时间。所有12个患者对任何施用没有体验出任何感觉。所有患者描述膜给他们的是很平滑的口感并指出每次施用膜释放到口腔内的新鲜口味。所有患者感到膜的溶出时间很短(<2分钟)。
与片剂或胶囊相比,多数患者偏爱膜。所有患者表示它们优选膜而不是溶液或糖浆。
实施例13:人药代动力学研究表明以膜形式的剂量单位释放提高了 药物的生物利用度
适合经口内粘膜给药并含有活性药物枸橼酸西地那非的溶解薄膜可按表7制备。剂量单位的特性如表8所述。
在相同的剂量下进行比较口内舌下应用的西地那非与商品片剂(万艾可)的双向交叉研究。平均血浆水平和药代动力学分析如图6和表11所示。图6和表11表明等同剂量的溶解膜的生物利用度比片剂的生物利用度高约25%。
表11:西地那非膜和万艾可膜的药代动力学参数对比
参数 | 西地那非(S)膜 | 万艾可(S)膜 | 比率S/V | 统计幂(power) |
AUC<sup>*</sup>(0-t) | 365.5 | 293.1 | 1.247 | 0.86 |
AUC(无穷大) | 378 | 310.4 | 1.218 | 0.88 |
C最大 | 109.9 | 106.8 | 1.029 | 0.15 |
T最大 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.08 |
Ke | 0.354 | 0.285 | 1.245 | 0.32 |
T | 1.99 | 2.56 | 0.775 | 0.23 |
*曲线下面积
Claims (42)
1.一种剂量单位,所述剂量单位包含粘膜表面涂层形成膜,其中该粘膜表面涂层形成膜包含水溶性水胶体和有效剂量的活性药物;其中所述的活性药物包括枸橼酸西地那非,其中该粘膜表面涂层形成膜的干粘性值低于3.5克,湿粘性值大于35克,对于水溶性水胶体构成一个2%聚合物溶液的情况而言,胶凝温度高于70℃,干膜厚度为25.4×10-3至0.51毫米,水分含量为0.5%至10%,拉伸强度大于105.45千克/平方厘米、模量范围为2.46×103-2.11×104千克/平方厘米,伸长百分率低于20%、抗撕裂蔓延力为0.001牛顿至1牛顿,以及在施用到口腔粘膜表面的溶出时间为10至600秒。
2.按照权利要求1的剂量单位,其中所述的活性药物还包含木糖醇,其中的枸橼酸西地那非与木糖醇形成固体分散体。
3.按照权利要求2的剂量单位,其中西地那非与木糖醇的比率为9/1。
4.按照权利要求2的剂量单位,其所述的剂量单位还包含粘膜粘附促进剂。
5.按照权利要求4的剂量单位,其中所述的粘膜粘附促进剂是淀粉接枝共聚物。
6.按照权利要求2的剂量单位,其中所述的膜的干粘性值低于2.0克。
7.按照权利要求2的剂量单位,其中所述的水溶性水胶体的水合速率在75%湿度和室温以及在24小时内为5-20%。
8.按照权利要求2的剂量单位,其中所述的水溶性水胶体是选自天然的、半天然的和合成的生物聚合物的聚合物。
9.按照权利要求8的剂量单位,其中所述的水溶性水胶体选自多糖和多肽。
10.按照权利要求8的剂量单位,其中所述的水溶性水胶体包含羟丙基甲基纤维素聚合物。
11.按照权利要求10的剂量单位,其中羟丙基甲基纤维素聚合物的分子量小于200,000道尔顿。
12.按照权利要求2剂量单位,其中所述的膜还包含至少一种乳化剂、增塑剂、味道调节剂、水溶性惰性填充剂、防腐剂、着色剂、稳定剂和缓冲剂。
13.按照权利要求2的剂量单位,其中所述的膜还包含乳化剂,该乳化剂的浓度范围为剂量单位的0.1-10%重量。
14.按照权利要求2的剂量单位,其中所述的膜还包含味道调节剂,而该味道调节剂包含至少一种甜味剂、矫味剂和味道遮蔽剂。
15.按照权利要求2的剂量单位,其中所述的膜还包含一种水溶性惰性填充剂,其浓度范围为剂量单位的0.5到50%重量。
16.按照权利要求2的剂量单位,其中所述的膜还包含防腐剂,其浓度范围为剂量单位的0.01到10%重量。
17.按照权利要求2的剂量单位,其中所述的活性药物以剂量单位的0.01到75%的浓度范围存在。
18.按照权利要求1的剂量单位,其中所述的膜的干膜厚度为小于0.25毫米。
19.按照权利要求2的剂量单位,其中所述的膜施用到口腔粘膜表面上的崩解时间为1-300秒。
20.按照权利要求2的剂量单位,其中所述的活性药物被包封在聚合物之内,其中该聚合物的化学性或物理性不同于水胶体。
21.按照权利要求2的剂量单位,其中所述的剂量单位包括至少两种活性药物。
22.按照权利要求1的剂量单位,其中包含有效量的枸橼酸西地那非,所述枸橼酸西地那非与一种水溶性惰性填充剂形成固体分散体,该水溶性惰性填充剂选自甘露糖醇、木糖醇、蔗糖、乳糖、麦芽糖糊精、葡聚糖、糊精、改性淀粉、葡萄糖、山梨醇和葡聚糖结合剂,该固体分散体与包括氢化聚合物的成膜剂相混合,从而形成一种膜,该膜能够在一种粘膜的表面溶解,从而释放出枸橼酸西地那非,其中该粘膜表面涂层形成膜的干粘性值低于3.5克,湿粘性值大于35克,对于水溶性水胶体构成一个2%聚合物溶液的情况而言,胶凝温度高于70℃,干膜厚度为25.4×10-3至0.51毫米,水分含量为0.5%至10%,拉伸强度大于105.45千克/平方厘米、模量范围为2.46×103-2.11×104千克/平方厘米,伸长百分率低于20%、抗撕裂蔓延力为0.001牛顿至1牛顿,以及在施用到口腔粘膜表面的溶出时间为10至600秒。
23.一种剂量单位,所述剂量单位包含一种粘膜表面涂层形成膜,其中该粘膜表面涂层形成膜包含水溶性水胶体,有效剂量的活性药物和粘膜粘附促进剂;其中所述的活性药物被包封在聚合物中,该聚合物在化学性或物理性不同于水胶体;其中该粘膜粘附促进剂是淀粉接枝共聚物;其中该薄膜的干粘性值低于3.5克,湿粘性值大于35克,对于2%聚合物溶液而言,胶凝温度高于70℃,干膜厚度为25.4×10-3至0.51毫米,水分含量为0.5%至10%,拉伸强度大于105.45千克/平方厘米、模量范围为2.46×103-2.11×104千克/平方厘米,伸长百分率低于20%、抗撕裂蔓延力为0.001牛顿至1牛顿,以及在施用到口腔粘膜表面的溶出时间为10至600秒。
24.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中膜的干粘性值小于2.0克。
25.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的水溶性水胶体的水合速率在75%湿度和室温以及在24小时内为5-20%。
26.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的水溶性水胶体是选自天然的、半天然的和合成的生物聚合物的聚合物。
27.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的水溶性水胶体选自多糖和多肽。
28.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的水溶性水胶体包含羟丙基甲基纤维素聚合物。
29.按照权利要求28的剂量单位,其中所述的羟丙基甲基纤维素聚合物的分子量小于200,000道尔顿。
30.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的膜还包含至少一种乳化剂、增塑剂、味道调节剂、水溶性惰填充剂、防腐剂、着色剂、稳定剂和缓冲剂。
31.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的膜还包含乳化剂,其的浓度范围为剂量单位的0.1-10%重量。
32.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的膜还包含味道调节剂,该味道调节剂包括至少一种甜味剂、矫味剂和味道遮蔽剂。
33.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的膜还包含水溶性惰性填充剂,其的浓度范围为剂量单位的0.5到50%重量。
34.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的膜还包含防腐剂,其浓度范围为剂量单位的0.01到10%重量。
35.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的活性药物以剂量单位的0.01到75%重量的浓度范围存在。
36.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的活性药物选自治疗剂、营养补充剂和保健助剂。
37.按照权利要求36的剂量单位,其中所述的治疗剂为枸橼酸西地那非。
38.按照权利要求36的剂量单位,其中所述的治疗剂选自尼古丁、氢吗啡酮、奥昔布宁和雌二醇。
39.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的膜具有的干膜厚度小于0.25毫米。
40.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的膜施用于口腔粘膜表面的崩解时间范围为1-300秒。
41.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的剂量单位包含至少两种活性药物。
42.按照权利要求23的剂量单位,其中所述的粘膜粘附促进剂以达到50%的浓度存在。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11682399P | 1999-01-21 | 1999-01-21 | |
US09/434,878 US6552024B1 (en) | 1999-01-21 | 1999-11-05 | Compositions and methods for mucosal delivery |
US60/116,823 | 1999-11-05 | ||
US09/434,878 | 1999-11-05 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1354656A CN1354656A (zh) | 2002-06-19 |
CN100389755C true CN100389755C (zh) | 2008-05-28 |
Family
ID=26814665
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB998164895A Expired - Fee Related CN100389755C (zh) | 1999-01-21 | 1999-12-30 | 粘膜传递的组合物及方法 |
Country Status (23)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6552024B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1143940B1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP2002535269A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100627199B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100389755C (zh) |
AR (1) | AR022312A1 (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE323472T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU776525B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9917089A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2358524A1 (zh) |
CY (1) | CY1105329T1 (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ20012566A3 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69930964T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2262355T3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1039571B (zh) |
HU (1) | HUP0203168A3 (zh) |
IL (2) | IL144325A0 (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA01007411A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO20013536L (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ512984A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL196660B1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2000042992A2 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA200105968B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106659751A (zh) * | 2014-07-17 | 2017-05-10 | 赫克萨尔股份公司 | 口腔可分散膜 |
Families Citing this family (246)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6428771B1 (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 2002-08-06 | Pharmaceutical Discovery Corporation | Method for drug delivery to the pulmonary system |
DE19646392A1 (de) * | 1996-11-11 | 1998-05-14 | Lohmann Therapie Syst Lts | Zubereitung zur Anwendung in der Mundhöhle mit einer an der Schleimhaut haftklebenden, Pharmazeutika oder Kosmetika zur dosierten Abgabe enthaltenden Schicht |
US5968547A (en) | 1997-02-24 | 1999-10-19 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Method of providing sustained analgesia with buprenorphine |
US6403597B1 (en) | 1997-10-28 | 2002-06-11 | Vivus, Inc. | Administration of phosphodiesterase inhibitors for the treatment of premature ejaculation |
US6548490B1 (en) * | 1997-10-28 | 2003-04-15 | Vivus, Inc. | Transmucosal administration of phosphodiesterase inhibitors for the treatment of erectile dysfunction |
US7022683B1 (en) | 1998-05-13 | 2006-04-04 | Carrington Laboratories, Inc. | Pharmacological compositions comprising pectins having high molecular weights and low degrees of methoxylation |
US6531114B1 (en) * | 1999-04-06 | 2003-03-11 | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | Sildenafil citrate chewing gum formulations and methods of using the same |
US9006175B2 (en) | 1999-06-29 | 2015-04-14 | Mannkind Corporation | Potentiation of glucose elimination |
WO2001000654A2 (en) * | 1999-06-29 | 2001-01-04 | Pharmaceutical Discovery Corporation | Purification and stabilization of peptide and proteins in pharmaceutical agents |
AU5907300A (en) | 1999-07-02 | 2001-01-22 | Procter & Gamble Company, The | Compositions comprising organosiloxane resins for delivering xylitol to the oralcavity |
ES2260046T3 (es) * | 1999-08-17 | 2006-11-01 | Glaxosmithkline Biologicals S.A. | Procedimiento para separar variantes rotavirus y vacuna de rotavirus vivos atenuados. |
US7067116B1 (en) | 2000-03-23 | 2006-06-27 | Warner-Lambert Company Llc | Fast dissolving orally consumable solid film containing a taste masking agent and pharmaceutically active agent at weight ratio of 1:3 to 3:1 |
MY128159A (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2007-01-31 | Wyeth Corp | Methods and composition for oral vaccination |
EP1370206A4 (en) * | 2001-01-09 | 2006-04-05 | Lavipharm Lab Inc | DEVICES FOR THE TOPICAL AND SYSTEMIC DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVE SUBSTANCES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
DE10107659B4 (de) * | 2001-02-19 | 2008-03-13 | Lts Lohmann Therapie-Systeme Ag | Mucoadhäsive zerfallsfähige Arzneizubereitung zur Wirkstoffverabreichung in der Veterinär- und Humanmedizin |
US7494669B2 (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2009-02-24 | Carrington Laboratories, Inc. | Delivery of physiological agents with in-situ gels comprising anionic polysaccharides |
US6777000B2 (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2004-08-17 | Carrington Laboratories, Inc. | In-situ gel formation of pectin |
CA2449415A1 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-10-31 | Lavipharm Laboratories Inc. | Intraoral delivery of nicotine for smoking cessation |
US6656493B2 (en) | 2001-07-30 | 2003-12-02 | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | Edible film formulations containing maltodextrin |
US6419903B1 (en) * | 2001-08-20 | 2002-07-16 | Colgate Palmolive Company | Breath freshening film |
US20110033542A1 (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-10 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Sublingual and buccal film compositions |
US7910641B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2011-03-22 | Monosol Rx, Llc | PH modulated films for delivery of actives |
US20100021526A1 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2010-01-28 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Ph modulated films for delivery of actives |
US20070281003A1 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2007-12-06 | Fuisz Richard C | Polymer-Based Films and Drug Delivery Systems Made Therefrom |
US7425292B2 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2008-09-16 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Thin film with non-self-aggregating uniform heterogeneity and drug delivery systems made therefrom |
US8663687B2 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2014-03-04 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Film compositions for delivery of actives |
US8900497B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2014-12-02 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Process for making a film having a substantially uniform distribution of components |
US11207805B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2021-12-28 | Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. | Process for manufacturing a resulting pharmaceutical film |
EP2332523B8 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2022-04-20 | Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. | Uniform films for rapid dissolve dosage form incorporating taste-masking compositions |
US8603514B2 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2013-12-10 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Uniform films for rapid dissolve dosage form incorporating taste-masking compositions |
US8900498B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2014-12-02 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Process for manufacturing a resulting multi-layer pharmaceutical film |
US20190328679A1 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2019-10-31 | Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. | Uniform films for rapid-dissolve dosage form incorporating anti-tacking compositions |
US10285910B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2019-05-14 | Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. | Sublingual and buccal film compositions |
US7357891B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2008-04-15 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Process for making an ingestible film |
US20160175199A1 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2016-06-23 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Film and Drug Delivery System Made Therefrom |
US8765167B2 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2014-07-01 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Uniform films for rapid-dissolve dosage form incorporating anti-tacking compositions |
JP2003213038A (ja) | 2001-11-16 | 2003-07-30 | Natl Starch & Chem Investment Holding Corp | デンプンを含有するフィルム |
ES2274248T3 (es) * | 2002-02-07 | 2007-05-16 | Pharmacia Corporation | Comprimido farmaceutico. |
KR100666520B1 (ko) * | 2002-02-07 | 2007-01-11 | 파마시아 코포레이션 | 점막 송달을 위한 약제학적 투약형 |
US20030224090A1 (en) * | 2002-02-11 | 2003-12-04 | Edizone, Lc | Snacks of orally soluble edible films |
WO2003072081A1 (en) | 2002-02-22 | 2003-09-04 | Pharmacia Corporation | Ophthalmic formulation with gum system |
JP4681231B2 (ja) | 2002-03-20 | 2011-05-11 | マンカインド コーポレイション | 吸入装置 |
US20030219479A1 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2003-11-27 | Lavipharm Laboratories Inc. | Multi-layer mucoadhesive drug delivery device with bursting release layer |
CN1723011A (zh) * | 2002-06-25 | 2006-01-18 | Wm·雷格利Jr·公司 | 含有厚朴提取物的口气清新和口腔清洁产品 |
US7595065B2 (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2009-09-29 | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | Breath freshening and oral cleansing products with synergistic combinations of magnolia bark extract and essential oils |
US7632525B2 (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2009-12-15 | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | Breath freshening and oral cleansing product with magnolia bark extract in combination with surface active agents |
US20040086546A1 (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2004-05-06 | Maxwell James Roy | Breath freshening and oral cleansing product with cinnamaldehyde |
DE10232113A1 (de) | 2002-07-16 | 2004-01-29 | Bayer Ag | Vardenafil Hydrochlorid Trihydrat enthaltende Arzneimittel |
AU2003268015A1 (en) | 2002-07-22 | 2004-02-09 | Kosmos Pharma | Packaging and dispensing of rapid dissolve dosage form |
SE0202365D0 (sv) | 2002-08-05 | 2002-08-05 | Pharmacia Ab | New formulation and use thereof |
AU2003260091A1 (en) * | 2002-08-27 | 2004-03-19 | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | Breath freshening and oral cleansing product using carvacrol |
CA2495793A1 (en) * | 2002-08-27 | 2004-03-11 | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | Breath freshening and oral cleansing product using cardamom oil |
US8524200B2 (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2013-09-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Tooth whitening products |
GB0226076D0 (en) * | 2002-11-08 | 2002-12-18 | Rp Scherer Technologies Inc | Improved formulations containing substituted imidazole derivatives |
FI20022007A0 (fi) * | 2002-11-08 | 2002-11-08 | Juvantia Pharma Ltd Oy | Oromukosaalinen valmiste ja menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi |
WO2004043165A1 (en) * | 2002-11-14 | 2004-05-27 | Givaudan Sa | Edible film containing food acid |
JP4856874B2 (ja) * | 2002-12-04 | 2012-01-18 | 三井化学アグロ株式会社 | 麦類のマイコトキシン汚染抑制方法 |
DE10256775A1 (de) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-24 | Lts Lohmann Therapie-Systeme Ag | Filmförmige Zubereitungen zur transmucosalen Verabreichung von Nicotin, sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
US20040115137A1 (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-06-17 | Verrall Andrew P. | Water-soluble film for oral administration |
US6669929B1 (en) | 2002-12-30 | 2003-12-30 | Colgate Palmolive Company | Dentifrice containing functional film flakes |
US20080213363A1 (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2008-09-04 | Singh Nikhilesh N | Methods and compositions for delivering 5-HT3 antagonists across the oral mucosa |
MXPA05010201A (es) * | 2003-03-26 | 2005-11-08 | Procter & Gamble | Composiciones de pelicula comestible que se disuelve rapidamente con polimeros formadores de pelicula de celulosa. |
WO2004087089A2 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2004-10-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Rapidly dissolving edible film compositions with improved film strength and stability |
US20040241294A1 (en) * | 2003-05-31 | 2004-12-02 | Barabolak Roman M. | Edible films including aspartame and methods of making same |
WO2005009386A2 (en) * | 2003-07-24 | 2005-02-03 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Orally dissolving films |
DE10338544B4 (de) * | 2003-08-19 | 2017-08-31 | Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. | Buccale Formulierungen des Galanthamins und deren Anwendungen |
US20050042281A1 (en) * | 2003-08-21 | 2005-02-24 | Singh Nikhilesh N. | Compositions for delivering therapeutic agents across the oral mucosa |
GB0320854D0 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2003-10-08 | Arrow No 7 Ltd | Buccal drug delivery |
US20050075432A1 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2005-04-07 | Verrall Andrew P. | Acidulent film and method of making same |
EP1680079A4 (en) | 2003-10-24 | 2008-01-02 | Adhesives Res Inc | QUICKLY FILING FILMS FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF PHARMACEUTICAL OR COSMETIC AGENTS |
US9248146B2 (en) | 2003-10-24 | 2016-02-02 | Adhesives Research, Inc. | Dissolvable adhesive films for delivery of pharmaceutical or cosmetic agents |
US7338171B2 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2008-03-04 | Jen-Chuen Hsieh | Method and apparatus for visual drive control |
ITMI20032087A1 (it) * | 2003-10-27 | 2005-04-28 | Pharmafilm S R L | Film autosupportanti per uso farmaceutico ed alimentare. |
WO2005046363A2 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-26 | U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company | Tobacco compositions |
US8627828B2 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2014-01-14 | U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company Llc | Tobacco compositions |
EP1708738B1 (en) * | 2004-01-12 | 2016-05-04 | MannKind Corporation | A method of reducing serum proinsulin levels in type 2 diabetics |
FR2865130B1 (fr) * | 2004-01-21 | 2007-10-05 | Oreal | Film anhydre pour le maquillage ou le soin des levres. |
WO2005089722A1 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-09-29 | Biodel, Inc. | Rapid acting drug delivery compositions |
US20080090753A1 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2008-04-17 | Biodel, Inc. | Rapid Acting Injectable Insulin Compositions |
US20080248999A1 (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2008-10-09 | Biodel Inc. | Amylin formulations |
US20080085298A1 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2008-04-10 | Biodel, Inc. | Rapid Mucosal Gel or Film Insulin Compositions |
US20080096800A1 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2008-04-24 | Biodel, Inc. | Rapid mucosal gel or film insulin compositions |
US20050208108A1 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-09-22 | Jannusch Leonard C | Thermoplastic films and methods for making |
US20050255161A1 (en) * | 2004-05-10 | 2005-11-17 | Servet Buyuktimkin | Method for the long term stabilization of labile compounds at room temperature in pharmaceutical preparations containing water |
JP2007538088A (ja) * | 2004-05-17 | 2007-12-27 | バイオテック・フィルムズ・エルエルシー | 経口用製品 |
WO2005120455A1 (en) * | 2004-06-12 | 2005-12-22 | Passion For Life Healthcare Limited | Soluble strip for oral or topical administration |
US7281541B2 (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2007-10-16 | Lorch Leonard G | Dental floss |
CA2578709C (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2010-06-15 | Virun, Inc. | Compositions comprising a mucoadhesive protein and an active principle for mucosal delivery of said agents |
WO2006023849A2 (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2006-03-02 | Mannkind Corporation | Catalysis of diketopiperazine synthesis |
DK2314298T3 (en) | 2004-08-23 | 2015-06-15 | Mannkind Corp | Microparticles comprising diketopiperazinsalte for drug delivery |
US7500984B2 (en) * | 2004-09-13 | 2009-03-10 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Pacifier with thin-film reservoir and method for use thereof |
US20070020330A1 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2007-01-25 | Medpointe Healthcare Inc. | Compositions comprising azelastine and methods of use thereof |
KR20140048349A (ko) * | 2004-11-24 | 2014-04-23 | 메다 파마슈티컬즈 인코포레이티드 | 아젤라스틴을 포함하는 조성물 및 이의 사용 방법 |
US8758816B2 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2014-06-24 | Meda Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Compositions comprising azelastine and methods of use thereof |
JP2006176461A (ja) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-07-06 | Dai Ichi Seiyaku Co Ltd | 粒状物 |
CA2593492C (en) | 2005-01-19 | 2011-12-13 | Neurohealing Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods and compositions for decreasing saliva production |
DE102005009241A1 (de) | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-07 | Bayer Healthcare Ag | Arzneiformen mit kontrollierter Bioverfügbarkeit |
GB0504153D0 (en) * | 2005-03-01 | 2005-04-06 | Brooks Sarah Annabelle | Lubricating composition |
US20060207721A1 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2006-09-21 | Greg Slominski | Polymer adhesive splicing of water-soluble, orally ingestible thin film webs |
DE102005015128B4 (de) * | 2005-03-31 | 2008-12-11 | Bayer Schering Pharma Aktiengesellschaft | Wafer enthaltend Steroidhormone |
US20060269654A1 (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2006-11-30 | Ali Thomas J | Consumable sexual performance aid |
US20060292188A1 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2006-12-28 | Salamone Joseph C | Ophthalmic solution with a flavoring agent |
US20060292189A1 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2006-12-28 | Bausch & Lomb Incorporated | Ophthalmic solution with a flavoring agent as a dosing indicator and method for indicating dosage of an ophthalmic solution |
CA2614777C (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2012-04-17 | Neurohealing Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Rapid onset and short term modafinil compositions and methods of use thereof |
ITRM20050443A1 (it) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-02-13 | Opocrin Spa | Preparati oftalmici a base di polisaccaridi mucoadesivi con capacita' riepitelizzante della cornea. |
HUE028691T2 (en) | 2005-09-14 | 2016-12-28 | Mannkind Corp | A method for formulating a drug based on increasing the affinity of crystalline microparticle surfaces towards active ingredients |
US8084420B2 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2011-12-27 | Biodel Inc. | Rapid acting and long acting insulin combination formulations |
US7713929B2 (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2010-05-11 | Biodel Inc. | Rapid acting and long acting insulin combination formulations |
US20070086952A1 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-04-19 | Biodel, Inc. | Rapid Acting and Prolonged Acting Inhalable Insulin Preparations |
US20070112593A1 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2007-05-17 | Rxcera Pharmaceutical, Inc. | Selection system, dispensing system and treatment with a one-a-day combination pill for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and anti-platelet treatment |
US20100305975A1 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2010-12-02 | Kantilal Kasan Daya | Pharmaceutical Packaging and Method for Delivery of Same |
US20100100391A1 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2010-04-22 | Kantilal Kasan Daya | Pharmaceutical packaging and method for delivery of same |
US20230335242A1 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2023-10-19 | Daya Medicals, Inc. | Pharmaceutical packaging and method for delivery of same |
US20070134297A1 (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2007-06-14 | Naqam Washington | Device to aid in sexual pleasure |
AU2006329819A1 (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-07-05 | Monosol Rx Llc | pH modulated films for delivery of actives |
DE102006003512A1 (de) * | 2006-01-24 | 2007-08-02 | Bayer Schering Pharma Ag | Plättchenförmige Arzneimittel zur transbukkalen Applikation von Arzneistoffen |
US8039431B2 (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2011-10-18 | Mannkind Corporation | Method for improving the pharmaceutic properties of microparticles comprising diketopiperazine and an active agent |
AU2007238114B2 (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2010-10-14 | Biodel, Inc. | Rapid acting and long acting insulin combination formulations |
JP5004505B2 (ja) * | 2006-05-18 | 2012-08-22 | 株式会社サンギ | 口腔用組成物 |
WO2008008801A2 (en) * | 2006-07-11 | 2008-01-17 | Mcneil Nutritionals, Llc | Solid oral dosage vitamin and mineral compositions |
HUE027395T2 (hu) | 2006-07-21 | 2016-10-28 | Biodelivery Sciences Int Inc | Eszközök nyálkahártyán keresztül történõ bejuttatására, javított felszívódással |
US7884135B2 (en) * | 2006-08-14 | 2011-02-08 | Neurohealing Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Modafinil-based treatment for premature ejaculation |
EP2096927B1 (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2012-10-10 | BMB Patent Holding Corporation | Therapeutic compositions and methods of treatment with capsianoside-type compounds |
EP2120895A2 (en) * | 2007-01-12 | 2009-11-25 | MonoSol Rx LLC | High dose film compositions and methods of preparation |
EP2112923A1 (en) | 2007-01-22 | 2009-11-04 | Targacept Inc. | Intranasal, buccal, and sublingual administration of metanicotine analogs |
US20100010031A1 (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2010-01-14 | Yum Ii Su | Transoral dosage forms comprising sufentanil and naloxone |
MX2009006114A (es) * | 2007-03-02 | 2009-11-10 | Meda Pharmaceuticals Inc | Composiciones que comprenden carisoprodol y metodos de uso de las mismas. |
US20080305217A1 (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-12-11 | Ws Packaging Group, Inc. | Flavor dots |
US20090047330A1 (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-19 | Ramesh Bangalore | Oral fast dissolving films for erectile dysfunction bioactive agents |
US20090047350A1 (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-19 | Ramesh Bangalore | Perforated water soluble polymer based edible films |
MX2010003928A (es) * | 2007-10-11 | 2010-09-10 | Philip Morris Prod | Producto de tabaco sin humo. |
US9125434B2 (en) | 2007-10-11 | 2015-09-08 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Smokeless tobacco product, smokeless tobacco product in the form of a sheet, extrudable tobacco composition, method for manufacturing a smokeless tobacco product, method for delivering super bioavailable nicotine contained in tobacco to a user, and packaged smokeless tobacco product sheet |
WO2011163272A1 (en) | 2010-06-21 | 2011-12-29 | Mannkind Corporation | Dry powder drug delivery system and methods |
JP5352596B2 (ja) * | 2008-01-04 | 2013-11-27 | バイオデル, インコーポレイテッド | 組織グルコースレベルの関数としてのインスリン放出のためのインスリン製剤 |
MX2010008940A (es) * | 2008-02-13 | 2010-10-05 | Bayer Schering Pharma Ag | Sistemas de administracion de drogas que contienen estradiol. |
NZ587309A (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2012-09-28 | Bayer Schering Pharma Ag | Wafer film systems for for the delivery of estrogen or progestin |
CA2725578A1 (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-10-29 | Evestra, Inc. | Oral contraceptive dosage forms comprising a progestogen dispersed in an enteric polymer and further comprising an estrogen |
MY159356A (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2016-12-30 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Oral care implement with cavitation system |
CN109568740B (zh) | 2008-06-13 | 2022-05-27 | 曼金德公司 | 干粉吸入器和用于药物输送的系统 |
US8485180B2 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2013-07-16 | Mannkind Corporation | Dry powder drug delivery system |
BRPI0914308B8 (pt) | 2008-06-20 | 2021-06-22 | Mannkind Corp | sistema de inalação |
FR2933959B1 (fr) * | 2008-07-16 | 2010-09-10 | Roquette Freres | Procede de fabrication de films directement en alveole. |
TWI494123B (zh) | 2008-08-11 | 2015-08-01 | Mannkind Corp | 超快起作用胰島素之用途 |
US8715715B2 (en) | 2008-11-03 | 2014-05-06 | Nal Pharmaceuticals Ltd. | Dosage form for insertion into the mouth |
US8314106B2 (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2012-11-20 | Mannkind Corporation | Substituted diketopiperazine analogs for use as drug delivery agents |
US20100209484A1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-19 | Hoo-Kyun Choi | Transdermal Triptan Delivery System |
US9060927B2 (en) * | 2009-03-03 | 2015-06-23 | Biodel Inc. | Insulin formulations for rapid uptake |
EP2405963B1 (en) | 2009-03-11 | 2013-11-06 | MannKind Corporation | Apparatus, system and method for measuring resistance of an inhaler |
WO2010103384A1 (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-16 | Nucitec S.A. De C.V. | Compositions and methods for treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease |
MY157166A (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2016-05-13 | Mankind Corp | Diketopiperazine microparticles with defined specific surface areas |
DK2442650T3 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2015-12-07 | Cynapsus Therapeutics Inc | sublingual apomorphine |
US8911770B2 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2014-12-16 | Alessandra Grassi | Dissolvable dietary supplement strip and methods for using the same |
US8475832B2 (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2013-07-02 | Rb Pharmaceuticals Limited | Sublingual and buccal film compositions |
UY32836A (es) | 2009-08-12 | 2011-03-31 | Bayer Schering Pharma Ag | Partículas estabilizadas que comprenden 5-metil-(6s)-tetrahidrofolato |
EP2467126A1 (en) | 2009-08-19 | 2012-06-27 | Bayer Pharma Aktiengesellschaft | Drug delivery systems (wafer) for pediatric use |
PL3254676T3 (pl) | 2009-10-30 | 2019-06-28 | Ix Biopharma Ltd | Szybko rozpuszczająca się stała postać dawkowana |
EP2496295A1 (en) | 2009-11-03 | 2012-09-12 | MannKind Corporation | An apparatus and method for simulating inhalation efforts |
US8701671B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2014-04-22 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Non-surgical method and system for reducing snoring |
US9549842B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2017-01-24 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Buccal bioadhesive strip and method of treating snoring and sleep apnea |
CN103209681B (zh) | 2010-06-10 | 2017-05-24 | Mida科技有限公司 | 纳米颗粒薄膜递送系统 |
MX2012015174A (es) | 2010-07-02 | 2013-05-09 | Procter & Gamble | Filamentos que comprenden un agente activo, tramas de tela no tejida y métodos para elaborarlos. |
WO2012003360A2 (en) | 2010-07-02 | 2012-01-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent product and method for making same |
EP2588655B1 (en) | 2010-07-02 | 2017-11-15 | The Procter and Gamble Company | Method for delivering an active agent |
WO2012018628A1 (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-02-09 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Methods for inducing an immune response via buccal and/or sublingual administration of a vaccine |
US9861590B2 (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2018-01-09 | Covidien Lp | Self-supporting films for delivery of therapeutic agents |
US9149959B2 (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2015-10-06 | Monosol Rx, Llc | Manufacturing of small film strips |
DE102010049706A1 (de) * | 2010-10-28 | 2012-05-03 | Hexal Ag | Herstellung orodispersibler Filme |
KR102161392B1 (ko) | 2010-12-16 | 2020-10-05 | 선오비온 파마슈티컬스 인코포레이티드 | 설하 필름 |
US9277976B2 (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2016-03-08 | Leonard G. Lorch | Dental floss |
US8381742B2 (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2013-02-26 | Leonard G. Lorch | Dental floss |
US10206765B2 (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2019-02-19 | Leonard G. Lorch | Dental floss |
US9277977B2 (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2016-03-08 | Leonard G. Lorch | Dental floss |
US11844720B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2023-12-19 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system to reduce the likelihood of dental caries and halitosis |
US11357722B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2022-06-14 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system for preventing sore throat in humans |
US11951139B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2024-04-09 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system for reducing the likelihood of osteoporosis |
US11951140B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2024-04-09 | Seed Health, Inc. | Modulation of an individual's gut microbiome to address osteoporosis and bone disease |
US11998479B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2024-06-04 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system for addressing adverse effects on the oral microbiome and restoring gingival health caused by sodium lauryl sulphate exposure |
US10085938B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2018-10-02 | Joseph E. Kovarik | Method and system for preventing sore throat in humans |
ES2691629T3 (es) * | 2011-02-11 | 2018-11-28 | Ctc Bio, Inc. | Preparación de película que contiene una base libre de sildenafil y procedimiento de producción de la misma |
EP2694402B1 (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2017-03-22 | MannKind Corporation | Blister package for pharmaceutical cartridges |
WO2012149326A1 (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2012-11-01 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Layer processing for pharmaceuticals |
WO2012174472A1 (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2012-12-20 | Mannkind Corporation | High capacity diketopiperazine microparticles |
KR101320058B1 (ko) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-10-18 | 중앙대학교 산학협력단 | 약제학적 활성 성분을 함유하는 경구용 속붕해성 필름 및 이의 제조 방법 |
CA2852536A1 (en) | 2011-10-24 | 2013-05-02 | Mannkind Corporation | Methods and compositions for treating pain |
US9901539B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2018-02-27 | Biodelivery Sciences International, Inc. | Transmucosal drug delivery devices for use in chronic pain relief |
US9687444B2 (en) * | 2012-01-02 | 2017-06-27 | Andrew L. SKIGEN | Veterinary active agent application |
CA2864322C (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2016-08-09 | Seoul Pharma. Co., Ltd. | High-content fast dissolving film with masking of bitter taste comprising sildenafil as active ingredient |
US10087401B2 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2018-10-02 | Monosol, Llc | Water soluble compositions incorporating enzymes, and method of making same |
WO2014012069A2 (en) | 2012-07-12 | 2014-01-16 | Mannkind Corporation | Dry powder drug delivery systems and methods |
EP2872117B1 (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2017-09-27 | Laccure Ab | Pharmaceutical compositions containing oligomeric lactic acid |
EP2906201A4 (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2016-10-19 | Ix Biopharma Ltd | SOLID DOSAGE FORM |
US10159644B2 (en) | 2012-10-26 | 2018-12-25 | Mannkind Corporation | Inhalable vaccine compositions and methods |
US9974850B2 (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2018-05-22 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Immunogenic compositions and uses thereof |
KR102246914B1 (ko) | 2013-03-15 | 2021-04-30 | 맨카인드 코포레이션 | 미세결정성 디케토피페라진 조성물 및 방법 |
US20140335153A1 (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2014-11-13 | Cure Pharmaceutical Corporation | Thin film with high load of active ingredient |
US9925144B2 (en) | 2013-07-18 | 2018-03-27 | Mannkind Corporation | Heat-stable dry powder pharmaceutical compositions and methods |
EP3030294B1 (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2020-10-07 | MannKind Corporation | Insufflation apparatus |
KR101407922B1 (ko) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-06-17 | 주식회사 서울제약 | 약리학적 활성 성분을 포함하는 다공성 구강붕해필름 및 이의 제조방법 |
US12005085B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2024-06-11 | Seed Health, Inc. | Probiotic method and composition for maintaining a healthy vaginal microbiome |
US11980643B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2024-05-14 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system to modify an individual's gut-brain axis to provide neurocognitive protection |
US11969445B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2024-04-30 | Seed Health, Inc. | Probiotic composition and method for controlling excess weight, obesity, NAFLD and NASH |
US11826388B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2023-11-28 | Seed Health, Inc. | Topical application of Lactobacillus crispatus to ameliorate barrier damage and inflammation |
US11839632B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2023-12-12 | Seed Health, Inc. | Topical application of CRISPR-modified bacteria to treat acne vulgaris |
US11998574B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2024-06-04 | Seed Health, Inc. | Method and system for modulating an individual's skin microbiome |
US11833177B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2023-12-05 | Seed Health, Inc. | Probiotic to enhance an individual's skin microbiome |
MX370456B (es) * | 2013-12-23 | 2019-12-13 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Composiciones que contienen película para uso oral. |
NO2723977T3 (zh) | 2014-03-19 | 2018-03-10 | ||
WO2015148905A1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2015-10-01 | Mannkind Corporation | Use of ultrarapid acting insulin |
AU2015240521B2 (en) | 2014-04-04 | 2017-12-07 | Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc. | Organic compounds |
WO2015179461A1 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-11-26 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Plasticity induced bonding |
US10561806B2 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2020-02-18 | Mannkind Corporation | Mouthpiece cover for an inhaler |
CN104352462A (zh) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-02-18 | 张艳芬 | 一种提高昔多芬药物功效的方法 |
DE102014119576A1 (de) * | 2014-12-23 | 2016-06-23 | Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald | Pharmazeutische Arzneimittelform zur Applikation auf Schleimhäuten |
EP3061501A1 (en) | 2015-02-27 | 2016-08-31 | Rottapharm Ltd. | Composition for the treatment of acne |
EP3285771A4 (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2018-12-05 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Methods of treating parkinson's disease by administration of apomorphine to an oral mucosa |
EP3117825A1 (en) | 2015-07-16 | 2017-01-18 | Rottapharm S.p.A. | Oral formulation comprising berberine and morus alba extract |
JP6995761B2 (ja) | 2016-01-26 | 2022-01-17 | イントラ-セルラー・セラピーズ・インコーポレイテッド | 有機化合物 |
EP3407889B1 (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2021-05-19 | Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc. | Organic compounds and their use in treating or preventing central nervous system disorders |
WO2017168174A1 (en) | 2016-04-02 | 2017-10-05 | N4 Pharma Uk Limited | New pharmaceutical forms of sildenafil |
KR20230137362A (ko) | 2016-05-05 | 2023-10-04 | 어퀘스티브 테라퓨틱스, 아이엔씨. | 강화된 전달 에프네프린 조성물 |
US11273131B2 (en) | 2016-05-05 | 2022-03-15 | Aquestive Therapeutics, Inc. | Pharmaceutical compositions with enhanced permeation |
JP2018000402A (ja) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-11 | 静岡県 | 舌カバー |
WO2018126140A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-05 | Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc. | Organic compounds |
EP3562484B1 (en) | 2016-12-29 | 2021-08-25 | Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc. | Pyrido[3',4':4,5]pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]quinoxaline derivatives useful in the treatment of cns disorders |
CN110191700A (zh) | 2017-01-27 | 2019-08-30 | 宝洁公司 | 可溶性固体结构形式的组合物 |
JP6882519B2 (ja) | 2017-01-27 | 2021-06-02 | ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニーThe Procter & Gamble Company | 発泡性凝集粒子を含む溶解性固形構造体形態の組成物 |
EP3600325A4 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2021-01-06 | Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc. | UNIQUE COMPOSITIONS AND PROCESSES |
US10238600B2 (en) | 2017-04-13 | 2019-03-26 | Richard C. Fuisz | Package, system and methods for custody and control of drugs, and method and composition for making an oral soluble film, containing at least one active agent |
US9901545B1 (en) | 2017-04-13 | 2018-02-27 | Richard C. Fuisz | Method and composition for making an oral soluble film, containing at least one active agent |
WO2018213003A1 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-11-22 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Conditioning hair care compositions in the form of dissolvable solid structures |
DE102017112527B4 (de) * | 2017-06-07 | 2019-01-03 | Lts Lohmann Therapie-Systeme Ag | Schnell zerfallende Schaumwafer mit hohem Flächengewicht |
BR112020001654A2 (pt) | 2017-07-26 | 2020-07-21 | Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc. | compostos orgânicos |
US11980617B2 (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2024-05-14 | Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc. | Methods of treating acute depression and/or acute anxiety |
WO2020047408A1 (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-05 | Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc. | Novel methods |
CA3108553A1 (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-05 | Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc. | Novel methods |
US11666514B2 (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2023-06-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Fibrous structures containing polymer matrix particles with perfume ingredients |
US20220117908A1 (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2022-04-21 | Myospots Australia Pty Ltd | Adhesive pad |
EP3989913A1 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-05-04 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Dissolvable solid fibrous articles containing anionic surfactants |
EP4045425B1 (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2024-03-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Biodegradable and/or home compostable sachet containing a solid article |
EP4061320B1 (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2024-07-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Porous dissolvable solid structure |
CN111728958B (zh) * | 2019-12-23 | 2022-02-08 | 力品药业(厦门)股份有限公司 | 一种多塞平口腔贴膜及其制备方法 |
US11179331B1 (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2021-11-23 | Cure Pharmaceutcai Holding Corp | Oral soluble film containing sildenafil citrate |
WO2022027067A1 (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Water-soluble fibrous pouch containing prills for hair care |
CA3191875A1 (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2022-03-17 | Ian-Ling Lim | Dissolvable solid article containing anti-bacterial actives |
CN113209052B (zh) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-02-15 | 深圳市泰力生物医药有限公司 | 大麻二酚自纳米乳口颊膜制剂及其制备方法和用途 |
CA3227354A1 (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2023-02-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Dissolvable solid article containing silicone |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4983385A (en) * | 1985-11-22 | 1991-01-08 | Sunstar Kabushiki Kaisha | Ointment base |
WO1998020862A1 (de) * | 1996-11-11 | 1998-05-22 | Lts Lohmann Therapie-Systeme Gmbh | Sofortige benetzbarkeit aufweisende(r) wasserlöslicher film oder wasserlösliche schicht zur oralen applikation |
Family Cites Families (72)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4136162A (en) | 1974-07-05 | 1979-01-23 | Schering Aktiengesellschaft | Medicament carriers in the form of film having active substance incorporated therein |
US4136145A (en) | 1974-07-05 | 1979-01-23 | Schering Aktiengesellschaft | Medicament carriers in the form of film having active substance incorporated therein |
JPS5138412A (en) | 1974-09-24 | 1976-03-31 | Nippon Kayaku Kk | Kokoseizai no seiho |
US4029758A (en) | 1975-12-15 | 1977-06-14 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Preparation of pharmaceutical unit dosage forms |
US4031200A (en) | 1975-12-15 | 1977-06-21 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Manufacture of pharmaceutical unit dosage forms |
AU514195B2 (en) | 1975-12-15 | 1981-01-29 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. | Dosage form |
US4029757A (en) | 1975-12-15 | 1977-06-14 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Manufacture of pharmaceutical unit dosage forms |
US4683256A (en) | 1980-11-06 | 1987-07-28 | Colorcon, Inc. | Dry edible film coating composition, method and coating form |
DE3275121D1 (en) | 1981-12-11 | 1987-02-19 | Wyeth John & Brother Ltd | Process for preparing solid shaped articles |
US4414198A (en) | 1982-04-23 | 1983-11-08 | Joseph Michaelson | Rapidly disintegrable tablet composition and method |
US4597959A (en) * | 1982-04-30 | 1986-07-01 | Arthur Barr | Sustained release breath freshener, mouth and palate coolant wafer composition and method of use |
CA1208558A (en) | 1982-10-07 | 1986-07-29 | Kazuo Kigasawa | Soft buccal |
US4517179A (en) | 1983-04-29 | 1985-05-14 | Pennwalt Corporation | Rapid dissolving, uniform drug compositions and their preparation |
US4680323A (en) | 1983-12-01 | 1987-07-14 | Hans Lowey | Method and composition for the preparation of controlled long-acting pharmaceuticals for oral administration |
US4721709A (en) | 1984-07-26 | 1988-01-26 | Pyare Seth | Novel pharmaceutical compositions containing hydrophobic practically water-insoluble drugs adsorbed on pharmaceutical excipients as carrier; process for their preparation and the use of said compositions |
JPS6185315A (ja) | 1984-10-04 | 1986-04-30 | Teikoku Seiyaku Kk | シ−ト状製剤 |
US4772470A (en) | 1985-04-27 | 1988-09-20 | Nitto Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Oral bandage and oral preparations |
US5288497A (en) | 1985-05-01 | 1994-02-22 | The University Of Utah | Compositions of oral dissolvable medicaments |
US5229164A (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1993-07-20 | Capsoid Pharma Gmbh | Process for producing individually dosed administration forms |
JPH0729915B2 (ja) | 1986-02-01 | 1995-04-05 | 帝國製薬株式会社 | シ−ト状口腔内貼付剤 |
US5474783A (en) | 1988-03-04 | 1995-12-12 | Noven Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Solubility parameter based drug delivery system and method for altering drug saturation concentration |
US4900552A (en) | 1988-03-30 | 1990-02-13 | Watson Laboratories, Inc. | Mucoadhesive buccal dosage forms |
US5047244A (en) | 1988-06-03 | 1991-09-10 | Watson Laboratories, Inc. | Mucoadhesive carrier for delivery of therapeutical agent |
US4950664A (en) | 1988-09-16 | 1990-08-21 | Rugby-Darby Group Companies, Inc. | Nasal administration of benzodiazepine hypnotics |
US5004601A (en) | 1988-10-14 | 1991-04-02 | Zetachron, Inc. | Low-melting moldable pharmaceutical excipient and dosage forms prepared therewith |
US5244668A (en) | 1988-10-14 | 1993-09-14 | Zetachron, Inc. | Low-melting moldable pharmaceutical excipient and dosage forms prepared therewith |
US5135752A (en) | 1988-10-14 | 1992-08-04 | Zetachron, Inc. | Buccal dosage form |
US5073374A (en) | 1988-11-30 | 1991-12-17 | Schering Corporation | Fast dissolving buccal tablet |
US5112616A (en) | 1988-11-30 | 1992-05-12 | Schering Corporation | Fast dissolving buccal tablet |
US4935243A (en) | 1988-12-19 | 1990-06-19 | Pharmacaps, Inc. | Chewable, edible soft gelatin capsule |
JPH0645536B2 (ja) | 1989-01-31 | 1994-06-15 | 日東電工株式会社 | 口腔粘膜貼付剤および口腔粘膜貼付製剤 |
JPH02258718A (ja) | 1989-03-31 | 1990-10-19 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | ペースト状基剤及び製剤 |
US4946684A (en) | 1989-06-20 | 1990-08-07 | American Home Products Corporation | Fast dissolving dosage forms |
US5223264A (en) | 1989-10-02 | 1993-06-29 | Cima Labs, Inc. | Pediatric effervescent dosage form |
US5013557A (en) | 1989-10-03 | 1991-05-07 | Warner-Lambert Company | Taste masking compositions comprising spray dried microcapsules containing sucralfate and methods for preparing same |
US5198436A (en) | 1989-10-17 | 1993-03-30 | Ellinwood Jr Everett H | Intraoral dosing method of administering trifluorobenzodiazepines |
EP0452334A4 (en) * | 1989-10-31 | 1991-12-11 | Watson Laboratoires, Inc. | Mucoadhesive carrier for delivery of therapeutical agent |
US5558880A (en) | 1989-12-22 | 1996-09-24 | Janssen Pharmaceutica Inc. | Pharmaceutical and other dosage forms |
US5077053A (en) | 1990-02-12 | 1991-12-31 | Warner-Lambert Company | Zein as a moisture barrier for sugarless edible compositions and method for preparing same |
DE4018247A1 (de) | 1990-06-07 | 1991-12-12 | Lohmann Therapie Syst Lts | Herstellungsverfahren fuer schnellzerfallende folienfoermige darreichungsformen |
US5166202A (en) | 1990-09-19 | 1992-11-24 | Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Method for the treatment of panic disorder |
IT1251544B (it) | 1991-05-13 | 1995-05-17 | Gabriele Biella | Composizioni farmaceutiche attive nella terapia dei disturbi del sonno comprendenti melatonina o un suo derivato in associazione con un derivato benzodiazepinico |
IT1250421B (it) | 1991-05-30 | 1995-04-07 | Recordati Chem Pharm | Composizione farmaceutica a rilascio controllato con proprieta' bio-adesive. |
US5225198A (en) | 1991-08-27 | 1993-07-06 | Cygnus Therapeutic Systems | Transdermal administration of short or intermediate half-life benzodiazepines |
US5229130A (en) | 1991-12-20 | 1993-07-20 | Cygnus Therapeutics Systems | Vegetable oil-based skin permeation enhancer compositions, and associated methods and systems |
NZ246091A (en) | 1991-12-24 | 1995-08-28 | Yamanouchi Pharma Co Ltd | Intrabuccally disintegrating preparation containing an active ingredient, agar, and lactose and/or mannitol |
ATE216577T1 (de) | 1992-01-29 | 2002-05-15 | Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd | Schnellösliche tablette und ihre herstellung |
ATE210968T1 (de) | 1992-02-18 | 2002-01-15 | Nippon Shinyaku Co Ltd | Verfahren zur herstellung von schnelllöslicher tabletten und schnelllöslichen tablette beinhaltend xylitol |
JP3232488B2 (ja) | 1992-08-20 | 2001-11-26 | 株式会社林原生物化学研究所 | プルラン高含有物とその製造方法並びに用途 |
HUT75616A (en) | 1992-03-17 | 1997-05-28 | Pfizer | Method for prooucing porous delivery devices |
IL105553A (en) | 1992-05-06 | 1998-01-04 | Janssen Pharmaceutica Inc | Solid dosage forms consisting of a porous network of matrix that releases a substance that dissipates rapidly in water |
NO933239D0 (no) | 1992-09-10 | 1993-09-10 | Mcneil Ppc Inc | Bioeroderbar innretning for administering av aktive ingredienser |
US5346701A (en) | 1993-02-22 | 1994-09-13 | Theratech, Inc. | Transmucosal delivery of macromolecular drugs |
ES2162867T3 (es) | 1993-07-09 | 2002-01-16 | Scherer Corp R P | Metodo de fabricacion de formas de dosificacion de farmacos liofilizados. |
US5549906A (en) | 1993-07-26 | 1996-08-27 | Pharmacia Ab | Nicotine lozenge and therapeutic method for smoking cessation |
AU7568394A (en) | 1993-08-19 | 1995-03-14 | Cygnus Therapeutic Systems | Water-soluble pressure-sensitive mucoadhesive and devices provided therewith for emplacement in a mucosa-lined body cavity |
BR9506579A (pt) | 1994-01-27 | 1997-09-16 | Univ Oklahoma | Matriz de suporte particulado forma de dosagem farmacêutica sólida de rápida dissolução processo para a preparação da matriz de suporte particulado e processo para a preparação da forma de dosagem farmacêutica sólida de rápida dissolução |
US5595761A (en) | 1994-01-27 | 1997-01-21 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma | Particulate support matrix for making a rapidly dissolving tablet |
US5576014A (en) | 1994-01-31 | 1996-11-19 | Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd | Intrabuccally dissolving compressed moldings and production process thereof |
US5635210A (en) | 1994-02-03 | 1997-06-03 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma | Method of making a rapidly dissolving tablet |
PT758895E (pt) | 1994-04-22 | 2000-05-31 | Univ Kingston | Formas de dosagem sublingual contendo apomorfina para uso no tratamento da disfuncao erectil |
WO1995034293A1 (en) | 1994-06-14 | 1995-12-21 | Fuisz Technologies Ltd. | Process and apparatus for making rapidly dissolving dosage units and product therefrom |
US5567439A (en) | 1994-06-14 | 1996-10-22 | Fuisz Technologies Ltd. | Delivery of controlled-release systems(s) |
US5731339A (en) | 1995-04-28 | 1998-03-24 | Zonagen, Inc. | Methods and formulations for modulating the human sexual response |
US5569466A (en) | 1995-05-17 | 1996-10-29 | R. P. Scherer Corporation | Fill compositions for soft elastic gel capsules |
US5716928A (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1998-02-10 | Avmax, Inc. | Use of essential oils to increase bioavailability of oral pharmaceutical compounds |
CA2253980C (en) * | 1996-05-23 | 2004-08-17 | Samyang Corporation | Locally administrable, biodegradable and sustained-release pharmaceutical composition for periodontitis and process for preparation thereof |
DE19652257A1 (de) * | 1996-12-16 | 1998-06-18 | Lohmann Therapie Syst Lts | Einzeln dosierte, bei Kontakt mit Flüssigkeit schnell zerfallende, wirkstoff- und insbesondere aromastoffhaltige, folienförmige Darreichnungsform |
JPH10179045A (ja) * | 1996-12-25 | 1998-07-07 | Osaka Kagaku Gokin Kk | シート状可食性成形物 |
IL132993A0 (en) * | 1997-05-29 | 2001-03-19 | Mochida Pharm Co Ltd | Therapeutic agent for erection failure |
JP3460538B2 (ja) * | 1997-10-08 | 2003-10-27 | 救急薬品工業株式会社 | 速溶性フィルム製剤 |
PL345087A1 (en) * | 1998-06-25 | 2001-12-03 | Lavipharm Lab | A device and method for the treatment of erectile dysfunction |
-
1999
- 1999-11-05 US US09/434,878 patent/US6552024B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-30 CN CNB998164895A patent/CN100389755C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-30 MX MXPA01007411A patent/MXPA01007411A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-30 JP JP2000594449A patent/JP2002535269A/ja active Pending
- 1999-12-30 EP EP99966737A patent/EP1143940B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-30 KR KR1020017009145A patent/KR100627199B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-30 CA CA002358524A patent/CA2358524A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-30 HU HU0203168A patent/HUP0203168A3/hu unknown
- 1999-12-30 NZ NZ512984A patent/NZ512984A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-30 ES ES99966737T patent/ES2262355T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-30 AU AU22226/00A patent/AU776525B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-12-30 DE DE69930964T patent/DE69930964T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-30 IL IL14432599A patent/IL144325A0/xx active IP Right Grant
- 1999-12-30 BR BR9917089-2A patent/BR9917089A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-30 AT AT99966737T patent/ATE323472T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-30 CZ CZ20012566A patent/CZ20012566A3/cs unknown
- 1999-12-30 WO PCT/US1999/031327 patent/WO2000042992A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-12-30 PL PL353354A patent/PL196660B1/pl unknown
-
2000
- 2000-01-19 AR ARP000100227A patent/AR022312A1/es unknown
-
2001
- 2001-07-15 IL IL144325A patent/IL144325A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-07-17 NO NO20013536A patent/NO20013536L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-07-19 ZA ZA200105968A patent/ZA200105968B/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-02-18 HK HK02101144.1A patent/HK1039571B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-03-05 US US10/091,062 patent/US20030068378A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2006
- 2006-07-14 CY CY20061100977T patent/CY1105329T1/el unknown
-
2011
- 2011-11-22 JP JP2011255358A patent/JP2012072166A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4983385A (en) * | 1985-11-22 | 1991-01-08 | Sunstar Kabushiki Kaisha | Ointment base |
WO1998020862A1 (de) * | 1996-11-11 | 1998-05-22 | Lts Lohmann Therapie-Systeme Gmbh | Sofortige benetzbarkeit aufweisende(r) wasserlöslicher film oder wasserlösliche schicht zur oralen applikation |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106659751A (zh) * | 2014-07-17 | 2017-05-10 | 赫克萨尔股份公司 | 口腔可分散膜 |
CN106659751B (zh) * | 2014-07-17 | 2020-12-25 | 赫克萨尔股份公司 | 口腔可分散膜 |
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN100389755C (zh) | 粘膜传递的组合物及方法 | |
RU2445977C2 (ru) | Водорастворимые пленки, содержащие маловязкие альгинаты | |
CN103596551B (zh) | 含有用于掩味的离子交换树脂的食用口服条或糯米纸囊剂型 | |
AU2002246916B2 (en) | Bioadhesive cell foam film of sustained-release delivery | |
AU2008237246B2 (en) | Rapidly dissolving pharmaceutical compositions comprising pullulan | |
JP5213446B2 (ja) | ジクロフェナクを含む医薬組成物 | |
US20090047330A1 (en) | Oral fast dissolving films for erectile dysfunction bioactive agents | |
US20130005831A1 (en) | Rapidly dissolving pharmaceutical compositions comprising pullulan | |
US20090047350A1 (en) | Perforated water soluble polymer based edible films | |
AU2002246916A1 (en) | Bioadhesive cell foam film of sustained-release delivery | |
US20050186257A1 (en) | Dissolvable film and method of manufacture | |
JP3064417B2 (ja) | 放出制御性製剤及び方法 | |
CN103249304B (zh) | 用于治疗瘀伤的组合物和方法 | |
CN106581049A (zh) | 钙口腔速溶膜剂及其制备方法 | |
MX2008007839A (es) | Peliculas solubles en agua que comprenden alginatos de baja viscosidad |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20080528 Termination date: 20131230 |