CN100374991C - Portable keyboard and fingerprint feature information extracting method thereof - Google Patents
Portable keyboard and fingerprint feature information extracting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100374991C CN100374991C CNB2005100598783A CN200510059878A CN100374991C CN 100374991 C CN100374991 C CN 100374991C CN B2005100598783 A CNB2005100598783 A CN B2005100598783A CN 200510059878 A CN200510059878 A CN 200510059878A CN 100374991 C CN100374991 C CN 100374991C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a portable keyboard. A finger recognition device is integrated on the keyboard for recognizing a touch key finger. The keyboard generates a character signal corresponding to the touch according to the position of a touched key and the touch key finger. The present invention can obtain a larger single-time key input character set under the condition that fewer keys are arranged, and can solve the contradiction between the key number of the portable keyboard and input speed. The portable keyboard is especially suitable for mobile digital devices of notebook computers, etc. The present invention also provides a fingerprint feature information extraction method applied to the portable keyboard.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of portable keyboard, especially relate to a kind of portable keyboard that utilizes finger identification to realize input.The invention still further relates to a kind of finger print information extracting method of realizing described finger identification.
Background technology
At present, most of digital devices adopt keyboard as input equipment.Keyboard stems from mechanical type English alphabet typewriter the earliest, the basic configuration of at present the most frequently used keyboard all is a qwerty keyboard, because the use occasion difference, the keyboard form has various variations, as common desk-top computer, notebook computer, mobile phone etc., its keyboard form respectively has characteristics.But basic identical on its principle, promptly take XY array scanning mode, according to the character of being determined its representative by two coordinates of the position in length and breadth of touching.It changes main the embodiment is at aspects such as volume, use feeling, life-span, lightweight, costs.
Along with the development of computer technology especially mobile computing, new demand has been proposed for the input equipment of mobile model or portable computer.In portable computer, require the input equipment volume ratio less, be fit to carry, preferably constitute an integral body with portable computer, the action of plug so just need not arranged when using portable computer, and the line that does not also have the outside to hang seems that like this comparison is neat and clean.Therefore most of portable computer dispose integrated keyboard.Integrated keyboard on portable computer normally adopts the keyboard littler No. than common desktop PC, and its principle is identical with common desktop PC, and is just that the keypad and the center section of upper keyboard is multiplexing.
Multiplexing is exactly the many usefulness of a key, and promptly a key is being undertaken a lot of input functions, is switched by one or several function key then, as SHIFT key commonly used on the notebook computer, Fn key, function keys such as NumLock key.Multiplexing key is many more, and the sum of key is few more, but switching is also many, uses cumbersome.
In a word, on keyboard, generally adopt dual mode at present, the one, big keyboard, easy to use, high input speed is through realizing the touch system input after the training.It is multiplexing on big keyboard a lot of buttons being arranged also, is multiplexing such as numerical key and symbolic key, needs two fingers to cooperate input when incoming symbol, and the capital and small letter of English alphabet also is multiplexing in addition.
Because the appearance of various portable digital devices, obtaining littler volume becomes the significant consideration of keyboard Designing.With the method for designing of general computor-keyboard, can not satisfy these requirements.As notebook computer, it is too compact that its keyboard Designing has seemed, is not easy to input.If wish further to reduce keyboard volume, then must reduce number of keys, this must bring more difficulty to input.And littler digital device, as mobile phone, its method that reduces keyboard volume is mainly taked the same button button multiplexing method of striking repeatedly, each button all has multiple function, by button repeatedly to select the content of required input.
Though aforesaid way effectively reduces the volume of keyboard, also make keyboard use inconvenience, reduced input speed.If think to avoid keyboard multiplexing as far as possible, the essential number of keys that increases increases keyboard volume, and this can not satisfy the little portable digital device requirement of volume.
Therefore, provide a kind of easy to use, quick, small and exquisite portable keyboard of volume of input, important meaning is more and more arranged.
Chinese patent application number is 01112507.1, the applying date is March 30 calendar year 2001, the patent documentation that open day is on November 6th, 2002 discloses a kind of keyboard that utilizes fingerprint identification technology to carry out the information input, this invention utilizes the fingerprint characteristic difference of each finger of user, the orientation difference that the person of being used in combination exerts oneself when the input fingerprint characteristic produces different coding and makes up input information.This scheme requires working pressure sensor finger power thrusts simultaneously, as one of foundation of coded combination.This scheme be suitable for the information input quantity not quite, the frequent and less demanding occasion of input speed, if input quantity is big, and input speed requires when very fast, the user can not note pointing the direction of pressing.Therefore, this invention is as described in its instructions, and the technical matters of its solution is that button is embedded some mini-plants such as mobile phone, PDA(Personal Digital Assistant) etc., but can not solve the problem of input speed.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical matters that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of portable keyboard, and this kind keyboard not only volume is little, and can accomplish substantially that a touching promptly imports required character, makes input convenient, fast.
Another technical matters that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of fingerprint feature information extracting method.
For this reason, the technical scheme that the present invention solves this technical problem is: the position of identification touching makes different positions press same button and produces different inputs.
Because ten fingers of people have different fingerprints, therefore, can be with its foundation as difference touching finger.When integrated fingerprint recognition device on each button of keyboard, each touching, not only obtain by the positional information of touching, and can monitor out which finger touching.A touching of common keyboard can only obtain the information of two dimension in length and breadth of this key, and quantity of information is limited, also just can not obtain bigger input character collection.And if with touching finger as third dimension degree information, then the character set of its representative will be expanded greatly.As the keyboard of a 2*5, can only represent 10 characters, if add the information of touching finger, suppose that 10 fingers participate in input, then may represent 2*5*10 totally 100 characters.
If adopt bar code or magnetic stripe recognition device are set on button, each finger is gone up cover different bar code or magnetic stripe simultaneously, can reach the purpose of identification touching finger equally.Cost can reduce like this.
Also can point different character of picture or figure at each, as the foundation of finger identification, accordingly can be on button integrated corresponding figure or character recognition device.
By discerning the different parts of same finger, in addition the feature of palm and different parts thereof, also can be used as identifying information, playing with utilizing finger provides distinctive information identical effect.
Please refer to Fig. 1, be system chart of the present invention.Portable keyboard provided by the invention can comprise:
Plurality of keys;
The keyboard scan unit is used to export the touching signal by striking button correspondence;
Communication unit is used to realize communicating by letter between described keyboard and the main frame;
Touching part Identification unit is used to discern the touching position, generates the position signal of this touching position correspondence;
Converting unit is used to receive the touching signal that described keyboard scan unit is exported, and the position signal of described touching part Identification unit output, generates the corresponding characters signal according to described two kinds of signals, and this character signal is passed to described communication unit.
Described touching part Identification unit can be fingerprint sensor; Described identification is meant the finger print information that extracts the touching finger, judges the touching finger in view of the above.
Described fingerprint sensor comprises: the finger scan unit is used to scan the touching finger, and exports the finger print information of the touching finger that is obtained;
Fingerprint characteristic extracts processing unit, is used to receive the finger print information of described finger scan unit output, and therefrom extracts the fingerprint characteristic information of this touching finger;
The fingerprint characteristic template storage is used to store the user's who extracts in advance finger print characteristic information;
The fingerprint characteristic comparer is used to receive the fingerprint characteristic information that described fingerprint characteristic extracts processing unit output, and compares with the fingerprint characteristic information of storing in the described fingerprint characteristic template storage, judges the touching finger, according to judged result output finger signal.
Described touching part Identification unit can be the bar code recognition unit, and described identification is meant with pointing corresponding bar code and matches, identification touching finger.
Described touching part Identification unit can be the magnetic stripe recognition unit, and described identification is meant with pointing corresponding magnetic stripe and matches, identification touching finger.
Described touching part Identification unit is image or character recognition unit, and described identification is meant with pointing corresponding image or character and matches, identification touching finger.
Described touching position comprises the different parts of same finger; Described touching part Identification unit generates the signal of this touching position correspondence according to the difference at finger striking position.
Described touching position comprises the different parts of palm or palm; Described touching part Identification unit generates the signal of this touching position correspondence according to the difference at palm striking position.
Described portable keyboard, its button is arranged with cross type.
A kind of extracting method that is used for the fingerprint characteristic information of described portable keyboard comprises step:
1) scanning fingerprint, the image information of acquisition fingerprint;
2) image information of above-mentioned acquisition being carried out sharpening handles;
3), locate the nuclear and the triangle center of this fingerprint according to the image information after the sharpening processing;
4) according to the tangent line of the nuclear definite kernel of the determined fingerprint of step 3);
5) triangle center and the tangent line measurement nuclear of the determined nuclear of step 4) and the distance of determining according to step 3) at triangle center;
6) measure the angle of examining the tangent line and the triangle line of centres;
7) storing step 5) distance that obtains and the angle of step 6) acquisition, as the fingerprint characteristic information of judging the touching finger.
With respect to prior art, because keyboard provided by the invention produces different inputs when making the same button of different finger striking, therefore, can on keypad, obtain a bigger keystroke input character collection, improved input speed.
Owing to utilized the finger identification signal, to compare with the common keyboard of only utilizing key position to carry out input signal identification, this kind keyboard can obtain bigger input character collection under identical number of keys.On the contrary, under the situation that obtains same input character collection, can lack, thereby obtain the keyboard that volume is littler, weight is lighter than the common keyboard number of keys.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the system chart of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the key layout figure of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is single-chip microcomputer inside corresponding to the button truth table exemplary plot of position and touching finger in length and breadth;
Fig. 5 is the first embodiment both hands when mediating, the synoptic diagram of button corresponding characters;
Fig. 6 is that the first embodiment both hands move to right one the time synoptic diagram of button corresponding characters from middle position;
Fig. 7 is that the first embodiment both hands mediate and move to left one the time synoptic diagram of button corresponding characters.
Fig. 8 is the internal frame diagram of fingerprint sensor shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 9 is the press-key structure synoptic diagram of integrated fingerprint sensor in the first embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the dactylotype synoptic diagram of method for extracting fingerprint feature of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the process flow diagram of method for extracting fingerprint feature of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are explained in detail.
This kind portable keyboard, its basic consideration are the different keystrokes positions by the identification user, obtain the outer third dimension degree of coordinate in length and breadth, thereby make the same button can be corresponding to a plurality of characters.Described keystroke position can be different fingers, the different parts of finger, or even palm and different parts thereof.Described identification can be natural physiological characteristic such as the fingerprint recognition of utilizing the people, also can be for the mode of variant position additional identification information, discerns, and as at different parts bonding strip font code, magnetic stripe, and draws character, image etc. on finger.According to the difference of selected identifying information, the recognition device that corresponding selection is different.
See also Fig. 1, a kind of portable keyboard of the present invention comprises: plurality of keys 1; Keyboard scan unit 3 is used to export the touching signal by striking button correspondence; Communication unit 5 is used to realize communicating by letter between described keyboard and the main frame (figure does not show); Touching part Identification unit 2 is used to discern the touching position, generates the position signal of this touching position correspondence; Converting unit 4, be used to receive the touching signal of described keyboard scan unit 3 outputs, and the position signal of described touching part Identification unit 2 outputs, generate the corresponding characters signal according to described two kinds of signals, and this character signal is passed to described communication unit 5.
The first embodiment of the present invention is a fingerprint recognition portable keyboard that can be used for notebook computer.
Please refer to Fig. 2, be the system chart of present embodiment.
11 is key contacts, and in the present embodiment, key contacts 11 has 32, mainly is the 3*10 arrayed, and fourth line has only two buttons.These buttons will be pointed the striking action and be converted into electric signal output.The arrangement mode of concrete button can be referring to Fig. 3.
12 is fingerprint sensor, and this sensor 12 can be discerned the touching finger, and the F1-F10 that this information is converted into corresponding to 10 fingers points identification signal output.This fingerprint sensor can be integrated with button.
13 are the keyboard scan unit, and this unit 13 sends sweep signal, is used to detect the striking situation of each button, and receive the electric signal that button sends, and this signal is converted into and can be sent by the signal that single-chip microcomputer receives.
14 is single-chip microcomputer, this single-chip microcomputer 14 is the converting unit of this keyboard, and it receives the signal of keyboard scan unit 13 and fingerprint sensor 12 outputs respectively, and finds out a specific character of being determined by above-mentioned signal according to the internal logic truth table, as some ASCII character, export with electric signal.There is a truth table these single-chip microcomputer 14 inside, and this truth table is determined a corresponding character jointly with longitudinal and transverse, three variablees of touching finger.Compare with common keyboard,, same key is counted under the situation, can from this keyboard, increase greatly by the direct character of importing of a touching because this 3rd latitude information of touching finger information is arranged.In theory, can obtain to multiply by the direct input character of 10 numbers by bond number.
With reference to figure 4, be the example of a truth table.Need to prove that this example is not an optimal case, neither the employed truth table of present embodiment.
15 is serial communication interface, and it receives the electric signal of single-chip microcomputer 14 outputs, and this electric signal is issued main frame (figure does not show) with serial mode.
Please in the lump with reference to figure 5 to Fig. 7, in the reality, consider easy to usely, the keyboard of present embodiment all is provided with input character corresponding to 10 fingers for each button.This keyboard is arranged in the following manner: when both hands were positioned at the keyboard centre position, each pointed striking keyboard input capitalization (with reference to Fig. 5); Both hands move to right from middle position one the time, and each points the striking keyboard corresponding to lowercase (with reference to Fig. 6); Accordingly, both hands move to left from middle position one the time, and each points the striking keyboard corresponding to numerical key and other symbolic key (with reference to Fig. 7).In this case, each button only need to discern may this button of striking 3 fingers get final product.
Fig. 8 is the internal frame diagram of an example of fingerprint sensor of the present invention.
121 is the finger scan unit, and this unit 121 is positioned at the upper surface of button, can the fingerprint of touching finger be scanned, and obtains the image information of this finger print.
122 for fingerprint characteristic extracts processing unit, and it receives the information in fingerprint of finger scan unit 121 outputs, and the characteristic information that therefrom takes the fingerprint.
123 is the fingerprint characteristic template storage, the fingerprint characteristic of each finger of its storage fingerprint user.Before using this keyboard, must deposit keyboard user's fingerprint characteristic earlier in to this unit.Concrete grammar can extract the method that processing unit 122 obtains fingerprint characteristic information according to fingerprint characteristic.
124 is the fingerprint characteristic comparer, receive fingerprint characteristic and extract the touching finger print characteristic that processing unit 122 obtains, and it is compared with the fingerprint characteristic of storage in the fingerprint characteristic template stores device 123, thereby identification touching finger, and export the finger identification signal of F1-F10 in view of the above, this identification signal is as the 3rd dimension of character input.
This fingerprint sensor is integrated in the button, and mode concrete and that button is integrated can be as shown in Figure 9.
In the lump with reference to Figure 10 and Figure 11, introduce in this example the method for fingerprint feature extraction processing unit identification finger print in the fingerprint sensor below.
Fingerprint characteristic extracts the information in fingerprint that processing unit 122 receives 121 outputs of described finger scan unit, and the characteristic information that therefrom takes the fingerprint.
As shown in figure 10, can extract a lot of features in the fingerprint, such as nuclear, intersection, island, triangle, hole, spine end, bifurcated etc.In the present embodiment, because only need distinguish 10 fingers of single people, so can only choose the feature that the distance conduct of the central point of nuclear and triangle is distinguished simply, if above feature not enough, the angle of the extension tangent line that can also choose nuclear and the nuclear triangle line of centres is as second feature.
So only need touch at fingerprint characteristic and place above two parameters in the plate and get final product, required space is very little, can reduce cost like this.
Please refer to Figure 11, the concrete leaching process that present embodiment is taked is:
Step S1, scanning fingerprint, the image information of acquisition fingerprint;
Step S2 carries out sharpening to the image information of above-mentioned acquisition and handles;
Step S3 according to the image information after the sharpening processing, locatees the nuclear and the triangle center of this fingerprint;
Step S4 is according to the tangent line of the nuclear definite kernel of the determined fingerprint of step S3;
Step S5, triangle center and the tangent line measurement nuclear of step S4 determined nuclear and the distance at triangle center definite according to step S3;
Step S6 measures the angle of examining the tangent line and the triangle line of centres;
Step S7, the angle that distance that storing step S5 obtains and step S6 obtain is as the fingerprint characteristic data of judging the touching finger.
Second embodiment is a portable keyboard that can be used for notebook computer.Be with last routine difference, it does not take the fingerprint recognition mode to discern the touching finger, but at the position of finger position and palm participation input service, sticks corresponding bar code, or magnetic stripe, on keyboard, only need to place screen bar code recognizer or magnetic stripe recognizer.All the other are similar with first embodiment.Take above method, can reduce cost.
The 3rd embodiment is a portable keyboard that can be used for notebook computer.Be that with the first embodiment difference it takes to draw different characters or the figure distinguishing characteristics as the difference finger on finger, only needs the recognizer of integrated identification character or figure on keyboard.All the other are similar with first embodiment.
The 4th embodiment is a portable keyboard that can be used for notebook computer.Be with the first embodiment difference, utilize the feature of palm and palm different parts to discern, concrete recognition methods is identical with the method for identification fingerprint.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. portable keyboard comprises:
Plurality of keys;
The keyboard scan unit is used to export the touching signal by striking button correspondence;
Communication unit is used to realize communicating by letter between described keyboard and the main frame;
It is characterized by, also comprise:
Touching part Identification unit is used to discern the touching position, generates the position signal of this touching position correspondence;
Converting unit is used to receive the touching signal that described keyboard scan unit is exported, and the position signal of described touching part Identification unit output, generates the corresponding characters signal according to described two kinds of signals, and this character signal is passed to described communication unit.
2. portable keyboard according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described touching part Identification unit is a fingerprint sensor; Described identification is meant the finger print information that extracts the touching finger, judges the touching finger in view of the above.
3. portable keyboard according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described fingerprint sensor comprises:
The finger scan unit is used to scan the touching finger, and exports the finger print information of the touching finger that is obtained;
Fingerprint characteristic extracts processing unit, is used to receive the finger print information of described finger scan unit output, and therefrom extracts the fingerprint characteristic information of this touching finger;
The fingerprint characteristic template storage is used to store the user's who extracts in advance finger print characteristic information;
The fingerprint characteristic comparer is used to receive the fingerprint characteristic information that described fingerprint characteristic extracts processing unit output, and compares with the fingerprint characteristic information of storing in the described fingerprint characteristic template storage, judges the touching finger, according to judged result output finger signal.
4. portable keyboard according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described touching part Identification unit is the bar code recognition unit, and described identification is meant with pointing corresponding bar code and matches, identification touching finger.
5. portable keyboard according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described touching part Identification unit is the magnetic stripe recognition unit, and described identification is meant with pointing corresponding magnetic stripe and matches, identification touching finger.
6. portable keyboard according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described touching part Identification unit is image or character recognition unit, and described identification is meant with pointing corresponding image or character and matches, identification touching finger.
7. portable keyboard according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described touching position comprises the different parts of same finger; Described touching part Identification unit generates the signal of this touching position correspondence according to the difference at finger striking position.
8. portable keyboard according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described touching position comprises the different parts of palm or palm; Described touching part Identification unit generates the signal of this touching position correspondence according to the difference at palm striking position.
9. portable keyboard according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described button is arranged with cross type.
10. an extracting method that is used for the fingerprint characteristic information of claim 2 or 3 described portable keyboards is characterized in that, comprises step:
1) scanning fingerprint, the image information of acquisition fingerprint;
2) image information of above-mentioned acquisition being carried out sharpening handles;
3), locate the nuclear and the triangle center of this fingerprint according to the image information after the sharpening processing;
4) according to the tangent line of the nuclear definite kernel of the determined fingerprint of step 3);
5) triangle center and the tangent line measurement nuclear of the determined nuclear of step 4) and the distance of determining according to step 3) at triangle center;
6) measure the angle of examining the tangent line and the triangle line of centres;
7) storing step 5) distance that obtains and the angle of step 6) acquisition, as the fingerprint characteristic information of judging the touching finger.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100598783A CN100374991C (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | Portable keyboard and fingerprint feature information extracting method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100598783A CN100374991C (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | Portable keyboard and fingerprint feature information extracting method thereof |
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| CN1841280A CN1841280A (en) | 2006-10-04 |
| CN100374991C true CN100374991C (en) | 2008-03-12 |
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| CNB2005100598783A Expired - Fee Related CN100374991C (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | Portable keyboard and fingerprint feature information extracting method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10007829B2 (en) | 2016-09-12 | 2018-06-26 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device including electrostatic discharge device coupled flexure member and related methods |
| US10049251B2 (en) | 2016-09-12 | 2018-08-14 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device including pushbutton switch between finger biometric sensor and device housing and related methods |
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| US20100310136A1 (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-09 | Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Ab | Distinguishing right-hand input and left-hand input based on finger recognition |
| NO20093601A1 (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2011-06-30 | Idex Asa | surface Sensor |
| US8421890B2 (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2013-04-16 | Picofield Technologies, Inc. | Electronic imager using an impedance sensor grid array and method of making |
| US8791792B2 (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2014-07-29 | Idex Asa | Electronic imager using an impedance sensor grid array mounted on or about a switch and method of making |
| US8866347B2 (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2014-10-21 | Idex Asa | Biometric image sensing |
| EP2958053A1 (en) | 2012-04-10 | 2015-12-23 | Idex Asa | Biometric sensing |
| CN104765475B (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2018-02-06 | 广州中国科学院先进技术研究所 | Wearable dummy keyboard and its implementation |
| CN108073835B (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2020-11-06 | 北京知道创宇信息技术股份有限公司 | Password mapping method, system and keyboard |
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| CN1378125A (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-11-06 | 国际商业机器公司 | Finger identifying keyboard |
| CN1378169A (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-11-06 | 王建勤 | Keyboard for information input by means of finger print identification technology |
| JP2003076482A (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-14 | Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd | Fingerprint authentication type input device |
| CN1510547A (en) * | 2002-12-21 | 2004-07-07 | 万发良 | Application in keyboard etc. tool for finger distinguishment and hand action |
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| CN1378125A (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-11-06 | 国际商业机器公司 | Finger identifying keyboard |
| CN1378169A (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-11-06 | 王建勤 | Keyboard for information input by means of finger print identification technology |
| JP2003076482A (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-14 | Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd | Fingerprint authentication type input device |
| CN1510547A (en) * | 2002-12-21 | 2004-07-07 | 万发良 | Application in keyboard etc. tool for finger distinguishment and hand action |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10007829B2 (en) | 2016-09-12 | 2018-06-26 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device including electrostatic discharge device coupled flexure member and related methods |
| US10049251B2 (en) | 2016-09-12 | 2018-08-14 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device including pushbutton switch between finger biometric sensor and device housing and related methods |
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| CN1841280A (en) | 2006-10-04 |
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