CN109976006B - Driving method of liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Driving method of liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109976006B CN109976006B CN201910281908.7A CN201910281908A CN109976006B CN 109976006 B CN109976006 B CN 109976006B CN 201910281908 A CN201910281908 A CN 201910281908A CN 109976006 B CN109976006 B CN 109976006B
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3614—Control of polarity reversal in general
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3696—Generation of voltages supplied to electrode drivers
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Abstract
The method for driving the liquid crystal display device includes: in a wide view angle mode, applying a direct current common voltage to the common electrode, applying a view angle control voltage to the view angle control electrode, enabling voltage differences between the view angle control electrode and the common electrode to be smaller than a preset value, and outputting voltages with the same polarity and the same level to a first pixel part and a second pixel part of a pixel electrode; in the narrow viewing angle mode, a direct current common voltage is applied to the common electrode, a viewing angle control voltage is applied to the viewing angle control electrode, the voltage difference between the viewing angle control electrode and the common electrode is enabled to be larger than a preset value, when gray scale display is larger than 0, a first pixel voltage is output to a first pixel portion of the pixel electrode, a second pixel voltage is output to a second pixel portion of the pixel electrode, wherein the first pixel voltage and the second pixel voltage are the same in polarity, and different in voltage level. The liquid crystal display device has slight gray scale inversion degree in a narrow visual angle mode and good peep-proof effect.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of liquid crystal display technologies, and in particular, to a driving method for a liquid crystal display device.
Background
A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) has advantages of good picture quality, small size, light weight, low driving voltage, low power consumption, no radiation, and relatively low manufacturing cost, and is dominant in the field of flat panel displays.
The current lcd is gradually developed towards a wide viewing angle, and no matter the lcd is applied to a mobile phone terminal, a desktop monitor or a notebook computer, the lcd also needs to have a function of switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle in many occasions besides the wide viewing angle. Therefore, in addition to the requirement of wide viewing angle, in the case of requiring privacy, displays capable of switching or adjusting to a narrow viewing angle mode are also gradually developed. The display has a mixed Viewing Angle (HVA), and can realize switching between a Wide Viewing Angle (WVA) and a Narrow Viewing Angle (NVA).
For example, it is proposed to apply a vertical electric field to liquid crystal molecules by using a viewing angle control electrode on the color filter substrate (CF) side to switch between wide and narrow viewing angles. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the lcd device includes an upper substrate 11, a lower substrate 12, and a liquid crystal layer 13 disposed between the upper substrate 11 and the lower substrate 12, wherein a viewing angle control electrode 111 is disposed on the upper substrate 11. As shown in fig. 1, in the wide viewing angle display, the viewing angle control electrode 111 on the upper substrate 11 does not apply a voltage, and the liquid crystal display device realizes the wide viewing angle display. As shown in fig. 2, when a narrow viewing angle display is required, the viewing angle control electrode 111 on the upper substrate 11 is energized, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 13 will tilt due to the vertical electric field E (as shown by the arrow in the figure), and the contrast of the liquid crystal display device is reduced due to light leakage, thereby finally realizing a narrow viewing angle.
Many of the liquid crystal display devices with mixed viewing angles that have been disclosed so far have a problem that the peep-proof mode has gray scale inversion under a large viewing angle, and especially under a picture with a relatively large contrast ratio (for example, a text interface with black and white tones), due to the existence of gray scale inversion, the peep-proof effect is affected by the gray scale inversion at the large viewing angle, so that the taste of the peep-proof mode is reduced, and even the peep-proof effect is affected (the content can still be identified by the picture after the gray scale inversion). How to improve the gray scale inversion of the lcd device under the large viewing angle in the privacy mode is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a driving method of a liquid crystal display device, which has slight gray scale inversion degree and good peep-proof effect in a narrow visual angle mode.
The embodiment of the invention provides a driving method of a liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal display device comprises a lower substrate, an upper substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the lower substrate and the upper substrate, the lower substrate is provided with a plurality of scanning lines, a plurality of data lines and a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, each pixel unit is internally provided with a pixel electrode, the pixel electrode comprises a first pixel part and a second pixel part which are mutually insulated, the first pixel part is connected with the scanning lines and the data lines close to the first thin film transistors through first thin film transistors, the second pixel part is connected with the scanning lines and the data lines close to the second thin film transistors through second thin film transistors, the lower substrate is also provided with a common electrode, the upper substrate is provided with a visual angle control electrode, positive liquid crystal molecules are adopted in the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal display device can be switched between a wide visual angle mode and a narrow visual angle mode, the driving method includes:
in a wide viewing angle mode, applying a direct current common voltage to the common electrode, applying a viewing angle control voltage to the viewing angle control electrode, enabling voltage differences between the viewing angle control electrode and the common electrode to be smaller than a preset value, and outputting voltages with the same polarity and the same level to the first pixel part and the second pixel part of the pixel electrode;
in a narrow viewing angle mode, a direct current common voltage is applied to the common electrode, a viewing angle control voltage is applied to the viewing angle control electrode, voltage differences between the viewing angle control electrode and the common electrode are all larger than a preset value, when gray scale display is larger than 0, a first pixel voltage is output to the first pixel part of the pixel electrode, a second pixel voltage is output to the second pixel part of the pixel electrode, wherein the first pixel voltage and the second pixel voltage have the same polarity, and the voltage levels are different.
Furthermore, two data lines are arranged between every two adjacent columns of pixel units, the left side of the first column of pixel units and the right side of the last column of pixel units are respectively provided with one data line, and the upper side of each row of pixel units is provided with one scanning line; the first thin film transistor in each pixel unit is connected with the data line on the left side of the pixel unit and the scanning line on the upper side of the pixel unit, and the second thin film transistor in each pixel unit is connected with the data line on the right side of the pixel unit and the scanning line on the upper side of the pixel unit.
Further, the first pixel portion and the second pixel portion in each pixel unit are respectively located at the left and right sides in the pixel unit; or the first pixel part and the second pixel part in each pixel unit are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side in the pixel unit.
Furthermore, two data lines are arranged between every two adjacent columns of pixel units, and the left side of the pixel unit in the first column and the right side of the pixel unit in the last column are respectively provided with one data line; the first pixel part and the second pixel part in each pixel unit are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side in the pixel unit, and a scanning line is arranged between the first pixel part and the second pixel part; the first thin film transistor in each pixel unit is connected to a data line on the left side of the pixel unit and a scan line between the first pixel portion and the second pixel portion, and the second thin film transistor in each pixel unit is connected to a data line on the right side of the pixel unit and a scan line between the first pixel portion and the second pixel portion
Further, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the inversion driving method of the liquid crystal display device is column inversion or dot inversion.
Further, when the inversion driving method of the liquid crystal display device is row inversion, the voltage input to the first pixel portion of the pixel unit in the odd column of the same row is opposite in polarity and equal in voltage amplitude to the voltage input to the first pixel portion of the pixel unit in the even column; the voltage input by the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the odd column of the same row is opposite in polarity and equal in voltage amplitude to the voltage input by the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the even column.
Further, when the inversion driving method of the liquid crystal display device is dot inversion, the voltage inputted to the first pixel portion of the pixel unit in the odd column of the same row is opposite in polarity and equal in voltage amplitude to the voltage inputted to the first pixel portion of the pixel unit in the even column and the first pixel portion of the pixel unit in the odd column of the adjacent row; the voltage input by the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the same row odd-numbered column is opposite to the polarity and equal to the voltage input by the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the even-numbered column and the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the adjacent row odd-numbered column;
or, the voltage input by the first pixel part of the pixel unit in the same row and odd-numbered column is opposite in polarity and equal in voltage amplitude to the voltage input by the first pixel part of the pixel unit in the even-numbered column and the voltage input by the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the adjacent row and odd-numbered column; the voltage input by the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the same row odd-numbered column is opposite in polarity and equal in voltage amplitude to the voltage input by the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the even-numbered column and the voltage input by the first pixel part of the pixel unit in the adjacent row odd-numbered column.
Further, in the wide view angle mode, the view angle control voltage is equal to the dc common voltage; in the narrow viewing angle mode, the viewing angle control voltage is an alternating current voltage.
Further, the dc common voltage is 0V.
Further, in the wide viewing angle mode, the same data signal is input to the first pixel part and the second pixel part using a set of gamma voltages; in the narrow viewing angle mode, different data signals are input to the first pixel part and the second pixel part using two sets of gamma voltages, respectively.
In the driving method of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the invention, the pixel electrode of the lower substrate (i.e., the tft array substrate) is divided into the first pixel portion and the second pixel portion which are insulated from each other, and in the narrow viewing angle mode, when the gray scale display is larger than 0, the first pixel voltage is output to the first pixel portion, and the second pixel voltage is output to the second pixel portion, wherein the first pixel voltage and the second pixel voltage have the same polarity and different voltage levels. The liquid crystal display device adopting the driving mode has slight gray scale inversion degree under a large visual angle, can also improve the peep-proof angle range under a narrow visual angle mode, and has good peep-proof effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device at a wide viewing angle.
Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of fig. 1 at a narrow viewing angle.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial circuit structure of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view taken along line iv-iv in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the invention at a wide viewing angle.
Fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the invention at a narrow viewing angle.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a partial circuit structure of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a partial circuit structure of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[ first embodiment ]
Referring to fig. 3 to 4, the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the invention includes a display panel 50, and the display panel 50 includes a lower substrate 20, an upper substrate 30 disposed opposite to the lower substrate 20, and a liquid crystal layer 40 disposed between the lower substrate 20 and the upper substrate 30. The lower substrate 20 may be a thin film transistor array substrate (i.e., an array substrate), and the upper substrate 30 may be a color filter substrate (i.e., a color filter substrate).
The lower substrate 20 is provided with scan lines 21, data lines 22, thin film transistors, pixel electrodes, and a common electrode 23 on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 40. The lower substrate 20 is defined by a plurality of scan lines 21 and a plurality of data lines 22 which are insulated from each other and crossed to form a plurality of pixel units P arranged in an array; two data lines 22 are arranged between every two adjacent columns of pixel units P, one data line is arranged on the left side of the first column of pixel units and one data line is arranged on the right side of the last column of pixel units, and one scanning line is arranged on the upper side of each row of pixel units. The pixel electrode in each pixel unit P includes a first pixel portion 24 and a second pixel portion 25 insulated from each other, the first pixel portion 24 is connected to the scan line 21 and the data line 22 adjacent thereto through a first thin film transistor 26, and the second pixel portion 25 is connected to the scan line 21 and the data line 22 adjacent thereto through a second thin film transistor 27. Each thin film transistor includes a gate electrode electrically connected to the corresponding scan line 21, an active layer, a source electrode electrically connected to the corresponding data line 22, and a drain electrode electrically connected to the pixel electrode.
In the present embodiment, the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 in each pixel unit P are respectively located on the left and right sides in the pixel unit P. That is, the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 are juxtaposed in the scanning line 21 direction, wherein the first pixel portion 24 is adjacent to the data line 22 on the left side of the pixel unit P, and the second pixel portion 25 is adjacent to the data line 22 on the right side of the pixel unit P. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the first pixel portion 24 of each pixel unit P in the first column is close to the left data line S1, and the second pixel portion 25 is close to the right data line S2.
The first thin film transistor 26 in each pixel unit P is connected to the data line 22 on the left side and the scan line 21 on the upper side in the pixel unit P, and the second thin film transistor is connected to the data line 22 on the right side and the scan line 21 on the upper side in the pixel unit P.
In this embodiment, the common electrode 23 is formed on the lower substrate 20, the common electrode 23 and the pixel electrode are located on different layers with the insulating layer 28 interposed therebetween, and the pixel electrode is located above the common electrode 23, i.e., the pixel electrode is closer to the liquid crystal layer 40 than the common electrode 23. The common electrode 23 is a planar electrode covering the entire surface of the lower substrate 20, and the pixel electrode 24 may be a comb-shaped electrode having a slit. In this case, the liquid crystal display device is of Fringe Field Switching (FFS) type. In the liquid crystal display device, during normal display, a fringe electric field is generated between the common electrode 23 and the pixel electrode, and liquid crystal molecules are rotated in a plane substantially parallel to the substrate to obtain a wide viewing angle.
In other embodiments, the common electrode 23 and the pixel electrode may be located on the same layer on the lower substrate 20, In which case the insulating layer 28 may be omitted, and the common electrode 23 and the pixel electrode may be respectively made into a comb-like structure In each pixel unit P and mutually inserted and matched, In which case the liquid crystal display device is an In-Plane Switching (IPS) structure. In the liquid crystal display device, a planar electric field is generated between the common electrode 23 and the pixel electrode during normal display, and liquid crystal molecules are rotated in a plane substantially parallel to the substrate to obtain a wide viewing angle.
The upper substrate 30 is provided with a color resist layer 31, a Black Matrix (BM)32, and a viewing angle control electrode 33 on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 40. The color resistance layer 31 is, for example, an R color resistance, a G color resistance or a B color resistance in each pixel unit P, and the black matrix 32 is disposed around each of the R color resistance, the G color resistance or the B color resistance to space the adjacent two R color resistances, G color resistances or B color resistances. In this embodiment, the color resist layer 31 and the black matrix 32 are provided on the inner surface of the upper substrate 30 on the side facing the liquid crystal layer 40, and other film layer structures are provided on the color resist layer 31 and the black matrix 32. The viewing angle control electrode 33 is a transparent conductive electrode, and may be a planar electrode covering the entire surface of the upper substrate 30.
The viewing angle control electrode 33, the common electrode 23 and the pixel electrode may be made of transparent conductive materials such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO). The viewing angle control electrode 33 is used for applying a viewing angle control voltage to realize the wide and narrow viewing angle switching of the liquid crystal display device, the common electrode 23 is used for applying a common voltage (i.e., Vcom) for display, and the pixel electrode is used for receiving a pixel voltage through the data line 22 to realize different gray scales of a picture.
In this embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 40 employs positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy, and the positive liquid crystal molecules have the advantage of fast response. As shown in fig. 4, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 are in a lying posture in the plane of the substrates 20, 30, that is, the long axis direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules is parallel to the alignment direction of the pixel electrodes 24 or the data lines 22. However, in practical applications, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 and the substrates 20 and 30 may have a smaller initial pretilt angle θ0The initial pretilt angle theta0May be less than or equal to 10 degrees.
The viewing angle control electrode 33 of the upper substrate 30 is used to control the liquid crystal display device to switch between a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode by applying different voltage signals to the viewing angle control electrode 33.
Wide view angle mode: in the wide viewing angle mode, a dc common voltage (DCVcom) is applied to the common electrode 23 of the lower substrate 20, voltages with the same polarity and the same level are output to the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 of the pixel electrode, and a viewing angle control voltage is applied to the viewing angle control electrode 33 of the upper substrate 30, so that the voltage difference between the viewing angle control electrode 33 and the common electrode 23 is smaller than a predetermined value (e.g., smaller than 0.5V). At this time, since the voltage difference between the viewing angle controlling electrode 33 and the common electrode 23 is small, the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 hardly changes, and is maintained in a nearly lying posture, so that the liquid crystal display device realizes normal wide viewing angle display.
In the wide viewing angle mode, the viewing angle control voltage applied to the viewing angle control electrode 33 is preferably the same as the dc common voltage, so that the voltage difference between the viewing angle control electrode 33 and the common electrode 23 is zero. In other embodiments, in the wide viewing angle mode, a voltage signal different from the dc common voltage may be applied to the viewing angle control electrode 33, as long as the voltage difference between the viewing angle control electrode 33 and the common electrode 23 is less than a predetermined value (e.g., less than 0.5V).
Referring to fig. 5, in the wide viewing angle mode, when voltages with the same polarity and the same level are output to the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 in each pixel unit of the lower substrate 20 through the data line 22 and gray scale display is realized through different voltage values (for example, the darkest gray scale is L0, the corresponding Vpixel is 0V, the brightest gray scale is L255, and the corresponding Vpixel is 3V), a horizontal electric field Ex is generated between the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 and the common electrode 23, and a vertical electric field E0 is also present between the viewing angle control electrode 33 and the pixel electrode 24, since the distance between the pixel electrode and the viewing angle control electrode 33 is much greater than the thickness of the insulating layer 28 (for example, the distance between the pixel electrode and the viewing angle control electrode 33 is 5.1um, and the thickness of the insulating layer 28 is 0.25um, the difference in the vertical distance is about 20 times), the electric field strength of the vertical electric field Ex is much greater than that of the vertical electric field E0, at this time, the liquid crystal molecules are mainly horizontally deflected under the action of the horizontal electric field Ex, and the wide-viewing-angle display effect of the FFS framework is realized.
In the wide viewing angle mode, the inversion driving method of the liquid crystal display device may be row inversion, column inversion, dot inversion or frame inversion, which is not limited herein.
Narrow view angle mode: in the narrow viewing angle mode, a dc common voltage (DCVcom) is applied to the common electrode 23 of the lower substrate 20, and when the gray scale display is greater than 0, a first pixel voltage V1 is output to the first pixel portion 24 of the pixel electrode, and a second pixel voltage V2 is output to the second pixel portion 25 of the pixel electrode, wherein the first pixel voltage V1 and the second pixel voltage V2 have the same polarity and different voltage levels (i.e., different voltage values); a viewing angle control voltage is applied to the viewing angle control electrode 33 of the upper substrate 30 such that the voltage difference between the viewing angle control electrode 33 and the common electrode 23 is greater than a predetermined value (e.g., greater than 3V). At this time, since the voltage difference between the viewing angle control electrode 33 and the common electrode 23 is large, a strong vertical electric field is generated between the upper substrate 30 and the lower substrate 20 in the liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal molecules are deflected under the action of the vertical electric field, so that the tilt angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the substrates 20 and 30 is increased and tilted, the lying posture is changed into the tilting posture, the liquid crystal display device has large-angle observation light leakage, the contrast is reduced in the oblique viewing direction, the viewing angle is narrowed, and the liquid crystal display device finally realizes narrow viewing angle display.
Referring to fig. 6, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the same voltage (e.g. 0V) is output to the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 in each pixel unit of the lower substrate 20 through the data line 22 when the gray scale display is equal to 0, the first pixel voltage V1 is output to the first pixel portion 24 when the gray scale display is greater than 0, and the second pixel voltage V2 is output to the second pixel portion 25, wherein V1 ≠ V2, when the horizontal electric field E2 is generated between the first pixel portion 24 and the common electrode 23, the horizontal electric field E3 is generated between the second pixel portion 25 and the common electrode 23, and the vertical electric field E1 between the viewing angle control electrode 33 and the pixel electrode 24 and the common electrode 23 exists, the liquid crystal molecules above the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 are deflected horizontally and vertically under the combined action of the vertical electric field and the horizontal electric field, so as to achieve the narrow viewing angle display effect, and because the first pixel voltage V1 and the second pixel voltage V2 have the same polarity but different voltage values, the tilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules above the first pixel portion 24 and the liquid crystal molecules above the second pixel portion 25 are different, and the effective phase delay generated by the liquid crystal molecules seen by human eyes in a side view is the effective phase delay generated by the superposition of the liquid crystal molecules above the first pixel portion 24 and the liquid crystal molecules above the second pixel portion 25, so that the liquid crystal display device is not easy to generate gray scale inversion in a large viewing angle, the peep-proof angle range in a narrow viewing angle mode can be improved, and the peep-proof effect is better.
In the narrow viewing angle mode, the preferred inversion driving method of the liquid crystal display device is column inversion and dot inversion.
Referring to fig. 3 and table 1, in the narrow viewing angle mode, when the inversion driving method of the liquid crystal display device is column inversion: for example, the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 are given voltages having the same polarity but different voltage values, and the potential difference between one pixel portion and the common electrode 23 is larger than the potential difference between the other pixel portion and the common electrode 23. G1-Gn is a scan line 21, S1 and S2 are data lines 22 of the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 in the first column of pixel units P, respectively, S3 and S4 are data lines 22 of the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 in the adjacent second column of pixel units P, respectively, and in the first frame of column inversion, the data lines S1 and S2 are given voltage signals of the same polarity, while the data lines S3 and S4 are given signals opposite to those of S1 and S2, and in the next frame, the polarities of S1 and S2, S3 and S4 are interchanged. That is, when the scanning line Gn (n is 1, 2, 3, …) in the nth row is turned on, in the pixel unit P in the same row located below the scanning line Gn, the voltages of the inputs of the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 of the pixel unit P in the odd-numbered columns are the same in polarity and are not equal in voltage value, and the voltages of the inputs of the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 of the pixel unit P in the even-numbered columns are the same in polarity and are opposite in polarity and are not equal in voltage value. Further, the voltage input to the first pixel part 24 of the pixel unit P in the odd column of the same row is opposite in polarity and equal in voltage amplitude to the voltage input to the first pixel part 24 of the pixel unit P in the even column; the voltage input to the second pixel part 25 of the pixel unit P in the odd column of the same row is opposite in polarity and equal in magnitude to the voltage input to the second pixel part 25 of the pixel unit P in the even column. In the column inversion, the polarity of the voltage applied to the pixel electrode is inverted once per frame, and the power consumption of the liquid crystal display device is low.
TABLE 1 Voltage input data for data lines at column inversion in narrow viewing angle mode
| S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | |
| G1 | V1 | V2 | -V1 | -V2 |
| G2 | V1 | V2 | -V1 | -V2 |
| G3 | V1 | V2 | -V1 | -V2 |
| G4 | V1 | V2 | -V1 | -V2 |
| … | … | … | … | … |
| Gn | V1 | V2 | -V1 | -V2 |
Referring to fig. 3, table 2 and table 3, in the narrow viewing angle mode, when the inversion driving method of the liquid crystal display device is dot inversion: for example, when the scan line G1 is turned on, the data line S1 inputs the positive polarity first pixel voltage V1 to the first pixel portion 24 in the first row and first column of pixel cells P, and the data line S2 inputs the same polarity second pixel voltage V2 to the second pixel portion 25 in the same pixel cell P; the data line S3 supplies a first pixel voltage-V1 (or-V2) of negative polarity to the first pixel section 24 in the first row and second column of pixel cells P, and the data line S4 inputs a second pixel voltage-V2 (or-V1) of the same polarity to the second pixel section 25 in the same pixel cell P; when the scanning line G2 is turned on and the scanning line G1 is turned off, the data line S1 inputs a first pixel voltage-V1 (or-V2) with negative polarity to the first pixel portion 24 in the first column of pixel cells P in the second row, and the data line S2 inputs a second pixel voltage-V2 (or-V1) with the same polarity to the second pixel portion 25 in the same pixel cell P, so that the polarity of the pixel electrode in the pixel cell P in the first column of the second row is opposite to the polarity of the pixel electrode in the pixel cell P in the first column of the first row; the data line S3 supplies the first pixel voltage V1 (or V2) of positive polarity to the first pixel portion 24 in the second row and column of pixel cells P, and the data line S4 inputs the second pixel voltage V2 (or V1) of the same polarity to the second pixel portion 25 in the same pixel cell P, so that the polarity of the pixel electrodes in the second row and column of pixel cells P is opposite to the polarity of the pixel electrodes in the first row and column of pixel cells P. However, when the display gray scale is 0, the voltages inputted to the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 in the same pixel unit P are equal (0V), and when the gray scale is not equal to 0, the voltages of the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 in the same pixel unit P are different in value and have the same polarity. That is to say: when the nth row scanning line Gn (n is 1, 2, 3, …) is turned on, in the same row of pixel units P located below the scanning line Gn, the input voltages of the first pixel part 24 and the second pixel part 25 of the pixel unit P in the odd-numbered columns have the same polarity and are not equal to each other, and the input voltages of the first pixel part 24 and the second pixel part 25 of the pixel unit P in the even-numbered columns have the same polarity and are opposite to each other, and are not equal to each other; when the scanning line Gn +1 of the (n + 1) th row is turned on (n is 1, 2, 3, …), in the pixel unit P of the same row located below the scanning line Gn +1, the voltages of the inputs of the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 of the pixel unit P in the odd-numbered columns have the same polarity and are not equal to each other, and the voltages of the inputs of the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 of the pixel unit P in the even-numbered columns have the same polarity and are opposite to each other and are not equal to each other. Further, the voltage inputted to the first pixel part 24 of the pixel unit P in the same row and odd column is opposite in polarity and equal in magnitude to the voltage inputted to the first pixel part 24 of the pixel unit P in the even column and the first pixel part 24 of the pixel unit P in the adjacent row and odd column; the voltage input to the second pixel part 25 of the pixel unit P in the odd column of the same row is opposite in polarity and equal in magnitude to the voltage input to the second pixel part 25 of the pixel unit P in the even column and the second pixel part 25 of the pixel unit P in the odd column of the adjacent row. Or, the voltage input by the first pixel part 24 of the pixel unit P in the same row and odd column is opposite in polarity and equal in voltage amplitude to the voltage input by the first pixel part 24 of the pixel unit P in the even column and the voltage input by the second pixel part 25 of the pixel unit P in the adjacent row and odd column; the voltage input to the second pixel part 25 of the pixel unit P in the same row and odd column is opposite in polarity and equal in magnitude to the voltage input to the second pixel part 25 of the pixel unit P in the even column and the first pixel part 24 of the pixel unit P in the adjacent row and odd column. The power consumption for dot inversion is larger than that for column inversion.
TABLE 2 Voltage input data one for each data line during dot inversion in narrow viewing angle mode
| S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | |
| G1 | V1 | V2 | -V1 | -V2 |
| G2 | -V1 | -V2 | V1 | V2 |
| G3 | V1 | V2 | -V1 | -V2 |
| G4 | -V1 | -V2 | V1 | V2 |
| … | … | … | … | … |
| Gn | -V1 | -V2 | V1 | V2 |
TABLE 3 Voltage input data two for each data line during dot inversion in narrow viewing angle mode
| S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | |
| G1 | V1 | V2 | -V1 | -V2 |
| G2 | -V2 | -V1 | V2 | V1 |
| G3 | V1 | V2 | -V1 | -V2 |
| G4 | -V2 | -V1 | V2 | V1 |
| … | … | … | … | … |
| Gn | -V2 | -V1 | V2 | V1 |
The liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment inputs the same data signal to the first pixel section 24 and the second pixel section 25 using a set of gamma voltages in the wide viewing angle mode; in the narrow viewing angle mode, different data signals are input to the first and second pixel parts 24 and 25, respectively, using two sets of gamma voltages.
Specifically, the liquid crystal display device further includes a driving circuit (not shown) for driving the display panel 50, wherein the driving circuit includes a gamma (gamma) voltage generating circuit and a source driver, and the gamma voltage generating circuit is configured to output a gamma voltage to the source driver, so that the source driver outputs a plurality of data signals to corresponding pixel units P in the display panel 50. Each gray level of the pixel unit P corresponds to a gamma voltage. When the liquid crystal display device is in a wide viewing angle mode display, the gamma voltage generation circuit outputs a set of gamma voltages to the source driver, and the same data signal is simultaneously output to the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 in each pixel unit P through the source driver, so that the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 in the pixel unit P display the same gray scale. When the display panel 50 is in the narrow viewing angle mode, the gamma voltage generation circuit outputs two sets of gamma voltages, which are different gamma voltages, to the source driver, and different data signals are output to the first pixel part 24 and the second pixel part 25 in each pixel unit P through the source driver, so that the first pixel part 24 and the second pixel part 25 in the pixel unit P display different gray scales.
Comparative experiments were performed while giving combinations of different voltage differences to the first pixel voltage V1 and the second pixel voltage V2 in the comparative examples and the embodiments of the present invention as follows:
as can be seen from table 4 below, compared with the prior art, the frame proposed in the embodiment of the present invention can increase the peep-proof angle by 10 degrees in the narrow viewing angle mode even if the transmittance is sacrificed by 11.56%, and can increase the peep-proof angle by 25 degrees in the narrow viewing angle mode if the transmittance is sacrificed by 40.5%.
TABLE 4 Experimental data and simulation results used in comparative examples and examples of the present invention
In the driving method of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the invention, the pixel electrode of the lower substrate (i.e., the thin film transistor array substrate) is divided into the first pixel portion and the second pixel portion which are insulated from each other, and in the narrow viewing angle mode, when the gray scale display is larger than 0, the first pixel voltage is output to the first pixel portion, and the second pixel voltage is output to the second pixel portion, wherein the first pixel voltage and the second pixel voltage have the same polarity and different voltage levels. The liquid crystal display device adopting the driving mode has slight gray scale inversion degree under a large visual angle, can also improve the peep-proof angle range under a narrow visual angle mode, and has good peep-proof effect.
[ second embodiment ]
Referring to fig. 7, a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that a first pixel portion 24 and a second pixel portion 25 in each pixel unit P are respectively located at upper and lower sides of the pixel unit P. That is, the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 are juxtaposed in the direction of the data line 22, wherein the first pixel portion 24 is adjacent to the scanning line 21 on the upper side of the pixel unit P, and the second pixel portion 25 is adjacent to the scanning line 21 on the lower side of the pixel unit P.
The driving method of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the invention refers to the first embodiment, and is not repeated herein.
[ third embodiment ]
Referring to fig. 8, a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 in each pixel unit P are respectively located at the upper and lower sides of the pixel unit P, and a scan line 21 is disposed between the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25 in each row of the pixel units P. Wherein the first thin film transistor 26 in each of the pixel units P is connected to the data line 22 on the left side of the pixel unit and the scanning line 21 between the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25, and the second thin film transistor 27 in each of the pixel units P is connected to the data line 22 on the right side of the pixel unit and the scanning line 21 between the first pixel portion 24 and the second pixel portion 25.
The driving method of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the invention refers to the first embodiment, and is not repeated herein.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and that various changes, modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A driving method of a liquid crystal display device comprises a lower substrate, an upper substrate and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the lower substrate and the upper substrate, wherein the lower substrate is provided with a plurality of scanning lines, a plurality of data lines and a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array manner, two data lines are arranged between every two adjacent columns of pixel units, the left side of the first column of pixel units and the right side of the last column of pixel units are respectively provided with one data line, each pixel unit is internally provided with a pixel electrode, the pixel electrode in each pixel unit comprises a first pixel part and a second pixel part which are mutually insulated, the first pixel part is connected with the scanning line close to the first thin film transistor and the data line on the left side of the pixel unit through a first thin film transistor, the second pixel part is connected with the scanning line close to the second thin film transistor and the data line on the right side of the pixel unit through a second thin film transistor, the lower substrate is also provided with a common electrode, the upper substrate is provided with a visual angle control electrode, positive liquid crystal molecules are adopted in the liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal display device can be switched between a wide visual angle mode and a narrow visual angle mode, and is characterized in that the driving method comprises the following steps:
in a wide viewing angle mode, applying a direct current common voltage to the common electrode, applying a viewing angle control voltage to the viewing angle control electrode, enabling voltage differences between the viewing angle control electrode and the common electrode to be smaller than a preset value, and outputting voltages with the same polarity and the same level to the first pixel part and the second pixel part of the pixel electrode;
in a narrow viewing angle mode, a direct current common voltage is applied to the common electrode, a viewing angle control voltage is applied to the viewing angle control electrode, voltage differences between the viewing angle control electrode and the common electrode are all larger than a preset value, when gray scale display is larger than 0, a first pixel voltage is output to the first pixel part of the pixel electrode, a second pixel voltage is output to the second pixel part of the pixel electrode, wherein the first pixel voltage and the second pixel voltage have the same polarity, and the voltage levels are different.
2. The driving method of the liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein one scanning line is provided on an upper side of each row of the pixel units; the first thin film transistor and the second thin film transistor in each pixel unit are connected to the scan line on the upper side.
3. The method of driving a liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein the first pixel portion and the second pixel portion in each pixel unit are respectively located on left and right sides in the pixel unit; or the first pixel part and the second pixel part in each pixel unit are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side in the pixel unit.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first pixel portion and the second pixel portion in each pixel unit are respectively located at upper and lower sides of the pixel unit, and a scan line is provided between the first pixel portion and the second pixel portion; the first thin film transistor and the second thin film transistor in each of the pixel units are connected to a scan line between the first pixel portion and the second pixel portion.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in the narrow viewing angle mode, the inversion driving method of the liquid crystal display device is column inversion or dot inversion.
6. The driving method of the liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein when the inversion driving method of the liquid crystal display device is column inversion, the voltage inputted to the first pixel portion of the pixel unit in the odd column of the same row is opposite in polarity and equal in magnitude to the voltage inputted to the first pixel portion of the pixel unit in the even column; the voltage input by the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the odd column of the same row is opposite in polarity and equal in voltage amplitude to the voltage input by the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the even column.
7. The driving method of the liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein when the inversion driving method of the liquid crystal display device is dot inversion, the voltage inputted to the first pixel portion of the pixel unit in the same row of the odd-numbered columns is opposite in polarity and equal in magnitude to the voltage inputted to the first pixel portion of the pixel unit in even-numbered columns and the first pixel portion of the pixel unit in the adjacent row of the odd-numbered columns; the voltage input by the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the same row odd-numbered column is opposite to the polarity and equal to the voltage input by the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the even-numbered column and the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the adjacent row odd-numbered column;
or, the voltage input by the first pixel part of the pixel unit in the same row and odd-numbered column is opposite in polarity and equal in voltage amplitude to the voltage input by the first pixel part of the pixel unit in the even-numbered column and the voltage input by the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the adjacent row and odd-numbered column; the voltage input by the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the same row odd-numbered column is opposite in polarity and equal in voltage amplitude to the voltage input by the second pixel part of the pixel unit in the even-numbered column and the voltage input by the first pixel part of the pixel unit in the adjacent row odd-numbered column.
8. The driving method of the liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein in the wide viewing angle mode, the viewing angle control voltage is equal to the dc common voltage; in the narrow viewing angle mode, the viewing angle control voltage is an alternating current voltage.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the DC common voltage is 0V.
10. The method of driving a liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein in the wide viewing angle mode, the same data signal is input to the first pixel portion and the second pixel portion using a set of gamma voltages; in the narrow viewing angle mode, different data signals are input to the first pixel part and the second pixel part using two sets of gamma voltages, respectively.
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