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CN109950703B - Base station antenna - Google Patents

Base station antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109950703B
CN109950703B CN201711399089.3A CN201711399089A CN109950703B CN 109950703 B CN109950703 B CN 109950703B CN 201711399089 A CN201711399089 A CN 201711399089A CN 109950703 B CN109950703 B CN 109950703B
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antenna
antenna array
base station
arrays
feed
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CN109950703A (en
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柳涛
王琳琳
肖伟宏
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

The application discloses base station antenna, this base station antenna radiated wave beam include a main lobe and N side lobe, N is for being greater than 0 integer, and this base station antenna includes: the antenna comprises a first antenna array, N second antenna arrays, N +1 feed networks, a power division coupling network and a feed line interface. A first antenna array for controlling the formation of the main lobe; the N second antenna arrays are respectively used for controlling the formation of the N side lobes; the N +1 feed networks are respectively used for controlling the electrical inclination angle of the first antenna array and the electrical inclination angle of the N second antenna arrays; the power distribution coupling network is used for controlling the gain of the main lobe and the gains of the N side lobes according to the power distribution proportion. By adopting the embodiment of the application, the electrical inclination angle and the gain of the N side lobes can be independently controlled, so that the N side lobes are not influenced mutually, and the network planning and the network optimization can be carried out on the side lobes.

Description

Base station antenna
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a base station antenna.
Background
In a conventional base station antenna, a vertical directional pattern includes a main lobe and a plurality of low-level side lobes, which are randomly covered and cannot be independently adjusted in directivity. Since the low-level side lobe is merely an accessory of the main lobe, the side lobe is often suppressed in order to maximize the efficiency of the main lobe, and therefore, the network coverage cannot be performed by the side lobe.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a base station antenna, and network coverage can be performed by utilizing side lobes by adopting the base station antenna for network coverage.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a first base station antenna, where a beam radiated by the first base station antenna includes a main lobe and N side lobes, where N is an integer greater than 0, and the first base station antenna includes:
the antenna comprises a first antenna array, N second antenna arrays, N +1 feed networks, a power division coupling network and a feed line interface;
the first antenna array and the N second antenna arrays are respectively connected with the N +1 feed networks, the N +1 feed networks are connected with the power division coupling network, and the power division coupling network is connected with the feed line interface;
the first antenna array is used for controlling the formation of the main lobe;
the N second antenna arrays are respectively used for controlling the formation of the N side lobes;
the N +1 feed networks are respectively used for controlling the electrical inclination angle of the first antenna array and the electrical inclination angle of the N second antenna arrays, and the N +1 feed networks are in one-to-one correspondence with the first antenna array and the N second antenna arrays;
and the power distribution coupling network is used for controlling the gain of the main lobe and the gains of the N side lobes according to the power distribution proportion. Compared with the prior art, the electric inclination angles and the gains of the N side lobes are respectively controlled through the N second antenna arrays, the N feed networks and the power division coupling network, so that the N side lobes are not influenced mutually, and network planning and network optimization can be carried out on the side lobes.
In a possible embodiment, each of the N +1 feeding networks includes a first controller and a phase shifter, and the N +1 feeding networks respectively controlling the electrical tilt angles of the first antenna array and the N second antenna arrays include:
a first controller of the feed network i sends first control information to a phase shifter of the feed network i, wherein the first control information comprises a phase parameter;
the phase shifter of the feed network i adjusts the electrical inclination angle of the antenna array corresponding to the feed network i according to the phase parameter;
wherein the feed network i is any one of the N +1 feed networks.
In a possible embodiment, the power distribution coupling network includes: a second controller and a power division coupler.
The second controller is used for sending second control information to the power distribution coupler, and the second control information comprises the power distribution proportion;
and the power distribution coupler is used for controlling the gain of the main lobe and the gain of any one of the N side lobes according to the power distribution proportion.
In a possible embodiment, the gain of the main lobe is greater than, less than or equal to the gains of the N side lobes.
In a possible embodiment, the N second antenna arrays are arranged in a left-to-right order, and the first antenna array is located at the left of the N second antenna arrays, or;
the first antenna array is positioned at the right side of the N second antenna arrays, or;
the first antenna array is positioned above the N second antenna arrays, or;
the first antenna array is located below the N second antenna arrays, or
The first antenna array is positioned between the second antenna array Bp and the second antenna array Bq;
the second antenna array Bp and the second antenna array Bq are any two adjacent to each other of the N second antenna arrays.
In a possible embodiment, the N second antenna arrays are arranged in a top-to-bottom order, and the first antenna array is located between the second antenna array Bp and the second antenna array Bq;
the second antenna array Bp and the second antenna array Bq are any two adjacent to each other of the N second antenna arrays.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a second base station antenna, where the second base station antenna operates in M different frequency bands, and the second base station antenna includes M groups of first base station antennas according to any one of claims 1 to 6, where the M groups of first base station antennas correspond to the M different frequency bands one to one, and M is an integer greater than 1.
It can be seen that, in the solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first base station antenna includes a first antenna array and N second antenna arrays. The first antenna array controls the formation of the main lobe, and the N second antenna arrays are respectively used for controlling the formation of the N side lobes. The feed networks corresponding to the first antenna arrays are used for controlling the electrical inclination angle of the main lobe, and the N feed networks corresponding to the N second antenna arrays are respectively used for controlling the electrical inclination angles of the N side lobes. And controlling the power of the first antenna array and the N second antenna arrays through the power division coupling network so as to control the gains of the main lobe and the N side lobes. The electrical tilt angle and the gain of the N side lobes are independently controlled through the N second antenna arrays, the N feeding networks and the power division coupling network, so that the N side lobes are not influenced mutually, network planning and network optimization can be carried out on the side lobes, and no additional feeding interface is added in the scheme. For a second base station antenna comprising M first base station antennas, the control of the electrical tilt angle and the gain of the main lobe and the side lobe under different frequency bands can be realized.
These and other aspects of the present application will be more readily apparent from the following description of the embodiments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another first base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another first base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another first base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another first base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another first base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another first base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another first base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. The first base station antenna radiates a beam including a main lobe and N side lobes, where N is an integer greater than 0. As shown in fig. 1, the first base station antenna includes:
the antenna comprises a first antenna array A, N second antenna arrays, N +1 feed networks, a power division coupling network and a feed line interface. The N second antenna arrays are respectively the second antenna array B1, the second antenna arrays B2, … … and the second antenna array BN. The N +1 feeding networks are respectively a feeding network A, a feeding network B1, feeding networks B2, … … and a feeding network BN. The first antenna array a and the N second antenna arrays are respectively connected to the N +1 feed networks, the N feed networks are connected to the power division coupling network, and the power division coupling network is connected to the feed line interface.
Specifically, the first antenna array a is connected to the feeding network a, the second antenna array B1 is connected to the feeding network B1, the second antenna array B2 is connected to the feeding network B2, and so on until the second antenna array BN is connected to the feeding network BN.
The first antenna array a is configured to control formation of the main lobe, and the N second antenna arrays are configured to control formation of the N side lobes, respectively.
The N +1 feeder networks are respectively used for controlling the electrical inclination angle of the first antenna array A and the electrical inclination angle of the N second antenna arrays, and the N +1 feeder networks are in one-to-one correspondence with the first antenna array A and the N second antenna arrays.
Specifically, the feeding network a is configured to control an electrical tilt angle of the first antenna array a, the feeding network B1 is configured to control an electrical tilt angle of the second antenna array B1, the feeding network B2 is configured to control an electrical tilt angle of the second antenna array B2, and so on, and the feeding network BN is configured to control an electrical tilt angle of the BN of the second antenna array.
As shown in fig. 2, each of the N +1 feeding networks includes a first controller and a phase shifter. The N +1 feeding networks are used for controlling the electrical tilt angle of the first antenna array a and the electrical tilt angle of the N second antenna arrays, and include:
a first controller of the feed network i sends first control information to a phase shifter of the feed network i, wherein the first control information comprises a phase parameter;
the phase shifter of the feed network i adjusts the electrical inclination angle of the antenna array corresponding to the feed network i according to the phase parameter;
wherein the feed network i is any one of the N +1 feed networks.
Specifically, after the first controller of the feed network a sends first control information including a phase parameter to the phase shifter of the feed network a, the phase shifter of the feed network a adjusts the electrical tilt angle of the first antenna array a according to the phase parameter. Similarly, after the first controller of the feeding network B1-BN sends the first control information including the phase parameter to the phase shifter of the feeding network B1-BN, the phase shifter of the feeding network B1-BN adjusts the electrical tilt angle of the second antenna array B1-BN according to the phase parameter.
As shown in fig. 3, the power distribution coupling network includes: a second controller and a power division coupler.
The second controller is used for sending second control information to the power distribution coupler, and the second control information comprises the power distribution proportion;
and the power distribution coupler is used for controlling the gain of the main lobe and the gains of the N side lobes according to the power distribution proportion.
Optionally, the gain of the main lobe is greater than, less than, or equal to the gain of any one of the N side lobes.
Specifically, the power splitting coupler distributes power to the first antenna array a and the N second antenna arrays according to the power distribution ratio, and the power distributed by the antenna array (including the first antenna array or the second antenna array) is proportional to the gain of the main lobe or the side lobe corresponding to the antenna array, that is, the larger the power of the antenna array is, the larger the gain of the main lobe or the side lobe corresponding to the antenna array is.
For example, assuming that N is 3 and the power allocation ratio is 4:3:2:1, the N second antenna arrays include a second antenna array B1, a second antenna array B2 and a second antenna array B3. The power splitting coupler distributes 40% of power to the first array a, and the power splitting coupler distributes 30% of power, 20% of power and 10% of power to the second antenna array B1, the second antenna array B2 and the second antenna array B3, respectively.
For another example, assuming that N is 5 and the power allocation ratio is 5:1:1:1:1:1, the N second antenna arrays include a second antenna array B1, a second antenna array B2, a second antenna array B3, a second antenna array B4, and a second antenna array B5. The power splitting coupler distributes 50% of power to the first antenna array, and the power splitting coupler distributes 10% of power to the second antenna array B1, the second antenna array B2, the second antenna array B3, the second antenna array B4 and the second antenna array B5.
In terms of power, the power distribution coupling network redistributes power on the corresponding first antenna array to the first antenna array and N second antenna arrays corresponding to the first antenna array according to a power distribution ratio. Compared with the prior art, the control of the gain of the side lobe can be realized under the condition of not increasing additional power.
Optionally, the N second antenna arrays are arranged in a left-to-right order, and the first antenna array a is located at the left of the N second antenna arrays, or;
the first antenna array A is positioned at the right side of the N second antenna arrays, or;
the first antenna array A is positioned above the N second antenna arrays, or;
the first antenna array A is positioned below the N second antenna arrays, or
The first antenna array A is positioned between the second antenna array Bp and the second antenna array Bq;
the second antenna array Bp and the second antenna array Bq are any two adjacent antenna arrays in the N antenna arrays.
Specifically, the first antenna array a of the first base station antenna and the N second antenna arrays have different position relationships in structure. As shown in fig. 1, the N second antenna arrays of the first base station antenna (i.e., second antenna array B1-BN) are arranged in a left-to-right order. The first antenna array a is located to the left of the N second antenna arrays (i.e., the first antenna array a is located to the left of the second antenna array B1). As shown in fig. 4, the N second antenna arrays (i.e., the second antenna array B1-BN) of the first base station antenna are arranged in a left-to-right order. The first antenna array a is located to the right of the N second antenna arrays (i.e., the first antenna array a is located to the left of the second antenna array BN). As shown in fig. 5, the N second antenna arrays (i.e., the second antenna array B1-BN) of the first base station antenna are arranged in a left-to-right order. The second antenna array Bp and the second antenna array Bq are any two adjacent to each other of the N second antenna arrays, and the first antenna array a is located between the second antenna array Bp and the second antenna array Bq.
As shown in fig. 6, the N second antenna arrays (i.e., the second antenna array B1-BN) of the first base station antenna are arranged in a left-to-right order. The first array A is located above the N second antenna arrays. As shown in fig. 7, the N second antenna arrays (i.e., the second antenna array B1-BN) of the first base station antenna are arranged in a left-to-right order. The first array a is located below the N second antenna arrays. As shown in fig. 8, the N second antenna arrays are arranged in order from top to bottom. The second antenna array Bp and the second antenna array Bq are any two adjacent to each other of the N second antenna arrays. The first antenna array a is located between the second antenna array Bp and the second antenna array Bq.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. The second base station antenna operates in M different frequency bands. The second base station antenna comprises M first base station antennas as shown in fig. 1, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7 or fig. 8. The M first base station antennas of the second base station antenna correspond to the M frequency bands one by one.
In a possible embodiment, the M first base station antennas of the second base station antenna may be combined by any of the first base station antennas shown in fig. 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.
As shown in fig. 9, the second base station antenna includes M first base station antennas.
Specifically, a first one of the M first base station antennas includes a first antenna array a1, N second antenna arrays (second antenna arrays B11-BN1), a feeding network a1, N feeding networks (i.e., feeding networks B11-BN1), a power division coupling network a1, and a feeder interface a 1; the second one of the M first base station antennas comprises a first antenna array a2, N second antenna arrays (second antenna array B12-BN2), a feed network a1, N feed networks (i.e., feed networks B12-BN2), a power splitting coupling network a2, and a feed interface a 2; by analogy, the mth one of the M first base station antennas includes a first antenna array AM, N second antenna arrays (second antenna arrays B1M-BNM), a feeding network AM, N feeding networks (i.e., feeding networks B1M-BNM), a power division coupling network AM, and a feeding line interface AM.
It should be noted that, for the connection manner of the first antenna array, the second antenna array, the feeding network, the power dividing coupling network and the feeder interface of each of the M first base station antennas, reference may be made to the related description of the embodiment shown in fig. 1, and no description is given here.
It can be seen that, in the solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first base station antenna includes a first antenna array and N second antenna arrays. The first antenna array controls the formation of the main lobe, and the N second antenna arrays are respectively used for controlling the formation of the N side lobes. The feed networks corresponding to the first antenna arrays are used for controlling the electrical inclination angle of the main lobe, and the N feed networks corresponding to the N second antenna arrays are respectively used for controlling the electrical inclination angles of the N side lobes. And controlling the power of the first antenna array and the N second antenna arrays through the power division coupling network so as to control the gains of the main lobe and the N side lobes. The electrical tilt angle and the gain of the N side lobes are independently controlled through the N second antenna arrays, the N feeding networks and the power division coupling network, so that the N side lobes are not influenced mutually, network planning and network optimization can be carried out on the side lobes, and no additional feeding interface is added in the scheme. For a second base station antenna comprising M first base station antennas, the control of the electrical tilt angle and the gain of the main lobe and the side lobe under different frequency bands can be realized.
It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the above-mentioned method embodiments are described as a series of acts or combination of acts, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the present application is not limited by the order of acts described, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently depending on the application. Further, those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required in this application.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one type of division of logical functions, and there may be other divisions when actually implementing, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not implemented. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of some interfaces, devices or units, and may be an electric or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the present application has been presented to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present application, and the above description of the embodiments is only provided to help understand the method and the core concept of the present application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims (6)

1. A first base station antenna, wherein a beam radiated by the first base station antenna includes a main lobe and N side lobes, where N is an integer greater than 0, the first base station antenna comprising:
the antenna comprises a first antenna array, N second antenna arrays, N +1 feed networks, a power division coupling network and a feed line interface;
the first antenna array and the N second antenna arrays are respectively connected with the N +1 feed networks, the N +1 feed networks are connected with the power division coupling network, and the power division coupling network is connected with the feed line interface;
the first antenna array is used for controlling the formation of the main lobe;
the N second antenna arrays are respectively used for controlling the formation of the N side lobes;
the N +1 feed networks are respectively used for controlling the electrical inclination angle of the first antenna array and the electrical inclination angle of the N second antenna arrays, and the N +1 feed networks are in one-to-one correspondence with the first antenna array and the N second antenna arrays;
the power distribution coupling network is used for controlling the gain of the main lobe and the gains of the N side lobes according to a power distribution proportion;
wherein, each feed network in the N +1 feed networks comprises a first controller and a phase shifter, and the N +1 feed networks respectively used for controlling the electrical tilt angle of the first antenna array and the electrical tilt angle of the N second antenna arrays comprise:
a first controller of the feed network i sends first control information to a phase shifter of the feed network i, wherein the first control information comprises a phase parameter;
the phase shifter of the feed network i adjusts the electrical inclination angle of the antenna array corresponding to the feed network i according to the phase parameter;
wherein the feed network i is any one of the N +1 feed networks.
2. The first base station antenna of claim 1, wherein the power splitting coupling network comprises: the second controller and the power division coupler;
the second controller is configured to send second control information to the power splitting coupler, where the second control information includes the power splitting ratio;
the power distribution coupler is used for controlling the gain of the main lobe and the gains of the N side lobes according to the power distribution proportion.
3. The first base station antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gain of the main lobe is larger than, smaller than or equal to the gain of any one of the N side lobes.
4. The first base station antenna of claim 1, wherein the N second antenna arrays are arranged in a left-to-right order, and the first antenna array is located at the left of the N second antenna arrays, or;
the first antenna array is positioned at the right side of the N second antenna arrays, or;
the first antenna array is positioned above the N second antenna arrays, or;
the first antenna array is positioned below the N second antenna arrays, or;
the first antenna array is positioned between the second antenna array Bp and the second antenna array Bq;
the second antenna array Bp and the second antenna array Bq are any two adjacent to each other of the N second antenna arrays.
5. The first base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the N second antenna arrays are arranged in a top-down order, and the first antenna array is located between the second antenna array Bp and the second antenna array Bq;
the second antenna array Bp and the second antenna array Bq are any two adjacent to each other of the N second antenna arrays.
6. A second base station antenna, characterized in that the second base station antenna operates in M different frequency bands, the second base station antenna comprises M first base station antennas according to any of claims 1-5, the M first base station antennas are in one-to-one correspondence with the M different frequency bands, M is an integer greater than 1.
CN201711399089.3A 2017-12-21 2017-12-21 Base station antenna Active CN109950703B (en)

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CN116338588B (en) * 2023-05-29 2023-08-11 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 Adaptive satellite-borne antenna side lobe suppression method and device based on nonreciprocal structure

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