CN109955423B - Large-scale ultrahigh-pressure thermoplastic polymer foaming molding device and method - Google Patents
Large-scale ultrahigh-pressure thermoplastic polymer foaming molding device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109955423B CN109955423B CN201910362223.5A CN201910362223A CN109955423B CN 109955423 B CN109955423 B CN 109955423B CN 201910362223 A CN201910362223 A CN 201910362223A CN 109955423 B CN109955423 B CN 109955423B
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010097 foam moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002614 Polyether block amide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 2
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- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
Landscapes
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-scale ultrahigh pressure thermoplastic polymer foaming molding device and a method thereof, wherein the device comprises a supercritical fluid conveying system, a preheating system, a rapid high-pressure mold locking device, a temperature control device, a pressure release device, a rapid high-pressure mold locking device, a foaming product and a polymer, wherein the supercritical fluid conveying system is connected with the rapid high-pressure mold locking device, the temperature control device and the pressure control device can provide foaming equipment for rapid high-pressure mold locking, the polymer is used for one-step foaming molding, high-pressure steam heating molding is not needed, the mold locking speed is 0.5-30 m/s, the mold locking pressure is 50-30000 tons, the foaming product of polymer materials with the melting point temperature of 50-350 ℃ can be produced, the mold-pressing controllable foaming production of a large-scale multiple polymer materials is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermoplastic polymer materials, in particular to a large-scale ultrahigh-pressure thermoplastic polymer foaming molding device and a method thereof.
Background
Because the supercritical fluid technology has the characteristics of cleanness and environmental protection, the polymer microporous foam material is prepared by the supercritical fluid technology, and no pollution is caused to the environment and the foam product, so the polymer microporous foam product prepared by the supercritical fluid technology is widely applied to the fields of industry, food, medical treatment, construction, transportation means and the like.
The polymer is swelled and permeated by the supercritical fluid under the temperature condition close to the melting point of the polymer, so that the supercritical fluid can be largely dissolved in the polymer matrix, meanwhile, the polymer can maintain enough strength, and the supercritical fluid in the polymer matrix is supersaturated through rapid pressure relief, so that the microporous foamed polymer product is obtained through nucleation and foaming.
At present, a high-temperature high-pressure supercritical fluid mould pressing foaming method is industrially adopted to produce polymer foaming products, the technical process is that thermoplastic polymer resin is processed into a certain shape, then a foaming mould on a mould press is heated, after the foaming temperature is reached, a prefabricated polymer blank is put into the mould, the mould press is closed and sealed, supercritical fluid is filled into the mould to enable the polymer to swell and spread, and then the mould press is opened to release pressure and foam, thus obtaining the polymer microporous foaming products with controllable cell size and density.
Publication number CN1621437a discloses a method for supercritical CO2 foaming general polypropylene resin. The method comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the polypropylene in a CO2 fluid in a supercritical state for swelling and permeation for 0.5-1 hour, then rapidly releasing pressure and cooling to obtain the closed-cell microporous foamed polypropylene material with uniform cells and controllable size.
Publication number CN102167840a discloses a method for preparing polymer microcellular foam material by supercritical compression molding foaming. Heating a foaming mould on a mould press, putting a polymer preformed embryo into the mould after the foaming temperature is reached, closing the mould press, sealing, filling supercritical fluid into the mould, and rapidly opening the mould to release pressure after the supercritical fluid swells and diffuses the polymer for a period of time, thus obtaining the polymer microporous foaming material.
Publication number CN104097288A discloses a supercritical fluid-assisted polymer molding foaming device, which consists of a supercritical fluid delivery system, a mold system, a temperature measuring device, a pressure releasing device, a display and control system, etc. The die system utilizes the upper and lower hot plates of the die press to heat, utilizes the super strong penetration and diffusion capacity of the supercritical fluid to impregnate the polymer, gradually diffuses the supercritical fluid into the polymer matrix under the action of certain temperature, time and supercritical fluid pressure, and then rapidly releases the pressure to obtain the foaming material with a certain shape, thereby realizing free foaming and controllable foaming of various polymer materials.
The method is only suitable for preparing the foaming material with small mold closing pressure, small production batch and simple shape, has low production efficiency and high product cost, and does not have large-scale industrial production.
Publication number CN108081652a discloses a preparation process of a supercritical foaming sole, comprising the following steps: firstly, placing elastomer particles into an injection molding machine to be molded into a shoe middle bottom mold type embryo; putting the shoe midsole embryo into a high-pressure reaction kettle, adding one or more gases selected from pentane, carbon dioxide and liquid nitrogen into the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle between 50 and 90 ℃, controlling the pressure in the reaction kettle to be 10-50Mpa, and allowing the pressure to permeate for 0.5-10h; opening a valve of the reaction kettle, decompressing and taking out the middle sole saturated with gas; putting the insole into a forming die, introducing water vapor to foam the insole in a cavity of the water vapor forming die, closing a steam valve after the sole is foamed in the cavity, opening a cooling water valve, and opening the die after shaping to obtain a foamed sole finished product. The method is a two-step method, firstly, the product blank is inflated and pre-foamed in a mould, then the product blank is put into a forming mould, and steam is introduced for foaming and forming. The process comprises the steps of producing the shoe midsole by two sections of working procedures, firstly putting the shoe midsole preform into a high-pressure reaction kettle, adding gas for prefoaming and decompressing, taking out the saturated shoe midsole preform, putting the shoe midsole preform into a forming die, introducing water vapor to foam the shoe midsole in a cavity of the water vapor forming die, and realizing complex process forming and low production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems of complex process molding and low production efficiency in the background technology, the invention provides a large-scale ultrahigh-pressure thermoplastic polymer foaming molding device and a method thereof.
The invention provides a large-scale ultrahigh pressure thermoplastic polymer foaming forming device which comprises a supercritical fluid conveying system, a preheating system, a rapid high-pressure mold locking device, a temperature control device, a pressure release device, a rapid high-pressure mold pressing device, a foaming product and a polymer, wherein the supercritical fluid conveying system is connected with the rapid high-pressure mold locking device, the temperature control device, the pressure control device and the pressure release device are respectively connected with the rapid high-pressure mold locking device, the preheating system is used for preparing a product to be processed in a preheating way, and the device can provide foaming equipment for rapid high-pressure mold locking to realize the mold pressing controllable foaming production of large-scale various polymer materials.
Preferably, the quick high-pressure molding device is a hydraulic mechanical device, a first air inlet valve, a first air outlet valve, a silencer, a first temperature controller, a first pressure controller, a first mold clamping cylinder, a connecting rod mold locking mechanism, a first jacket pressure cylinder, a first pull rod and a first mold platform are arranged on the hydraulic mechanical device, one end of the first air inlet valve is connected with the first mold platform, the first pull rod is connected with the first mold platform, one end of the first air outlet valve and one end of the silencer are connected with the first mold platform, the first pull rod is connected with the first mold clamping cylinder, one end of the connecting rod mold locking mechanism is connected with the first mold platform, one end of the first temperature controller and one end of the first pressure controller are connected with the first mold platform, polymer one-step foaming molding is adopted, high-pressure steam heating molding is not needed, a foaming product with a melting point temperature reaching a temperature of a polymer material can be produced, and the foaming product can be produced in a foaming mode or a three-dimensional foaming mode, and can be directly used for producing a multi-station foaming product in a foaming mode.
Preferably, the rapid high-pressure die pressing device is a hydraulic die pressing device, a second air inlet valve, a second air outlet valve, a silencer, a second temperature controller, a second pressure controller, a second die pressing cylinder, a second jacket pressure cylinder, a second pull rod and a second die platform are arranged on the hydraulic die pressing device, the second air inlet valve, the second temperature controller, the second pressure controller, the second air outlet valve and the silencer are all connected with the second jacket pressure cylinder, the second die pressing cylinder is connected with the second die platform, and the second pull rod is connected with the second jacket pressure cylinder and the second die pressing cylinder respectively.
Preferably, the rapid high-pressure die clamping device is a hydraulic pressurizing type die clamping device, a third air inlet valve, a third air outlet valve, a silencer, a third temperature controller, a third pressure controller, a third die clamping cylinder, a die clamping pressurizing cylinder, a first half clamping die locking nut, a third jacket pressure cylinder, a third pull rod and a third die platform are arranged on the hydraulic pressurizing type die clamping device, the die clamping pressurizing cylinder is connected with the third die clamping cylinder, the first half clamping die locking nut is connected with the third pull rod, the third air inlet valve, the third air outlet valve, the silencer, the third temperature controller and the third pressure controller are all connected with the third die platform, the third die platform is connected with the third jacket pressure cylinder, and the third pull rod is respectively connected with the third die platform and the third jacket pressure cylinder.
Preferably, the rapid high-pressure die clamping device is a hydraulic four-cylinder die clamping device, a fourth air inlet valve, a fourth air outlet valve, a silencer, a fourth temperature controller, a fourth pressure controller, a four-cylinder die clamping cylinder, a second half die clamping nut, a fourth jacket pressure cylinder, a fourth pull rod, a fourth die platform and a fourth die platform are arranged on the hydraulic four-cylinder die clamping device, the four-cylinder die clamping cylinder is connected with the fourth pull rod, the second half die clamping nut is connected with the four-cylinder die clamping cylinder, the fourth air inlet valve, the fourth air outlet valve, the silencer, the fourth temperature controller and the fourth pressure controller are all connected with the fourth die platform, and the second half die clamping nut is connected with the fourth pull rod which is respectively connected with the fourth die platform and the third die clamping cylinder.
Preferably, the preheating system is provided with a heating circulation device and a temperature control device, and the supercritical fluid conveying system is a supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical liquid nitrogen conveying system.
Preferably, the supercritical carbon dioxide conveying system is provided with a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank and a carbon dioxide booster pump, the supercritical liquid nitrogen conveying system is provided with a liquid nitrogen storage tank and a liquid nitrogen booster station, and the carbon dioxide booster pump and the liquid nitrogen booster station are connected with an air inlet valve.
Preferably, the polymer is selected from one or more of polyethylene, polylactic acid, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether sulfone, rubber, silicone rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, thermoplastic polyurethane or thermoplastic elastomer TPE, TPEE, PEBAX, PET, POE, polyphenylene sulfide PPS, polysulfone PSF, polyimide, polyarylate, liquid crystal polymer LCP, polyether ether ketone, fluorine-containing polymer, and the like.
Preferably, the die clamping speed of the rapid high-pressure die clamping device is 0.5-30 m/s, and the die clamping pressure is 50-30000 tons.
The invention also provides a foaming molding method of the large-scale ultrahigh-pressure thermoplastic polymer, which comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, preparing a foaming and molding pre-molding blank for polymer foaming and molding by using a plastic processing and molding means, wherein the foaming pre-molding part meets the dimensional precision of each direction after foaming, and the foaming pre-molding blank to be processed at a first station is preheated in preheating equipment, and the preheating temperature is in a region below the softening temperature or the melting point temperature of the polymer;
s2: after reaching the preheating temperature, placing the die into a heating die, closing the die for sealing, wherein the die is a large-scale high-productivity die, the die closing speed is 0.5-30 m/s, the die closing pressure is as high as 50-30000 tons, the production melting point temperature can reach 50-350 ℃, and the die is kept at the target temperature which is 1.0-50 ℃ lower than the melting temperature or the melting point temperature of the polymer all the time during operation;
s3: the method comprises the steps of opening an air inlet valve, introducing supercritical fluid, swelling and diffusing the supercritical fluid to a polymer for 15-120 minutes at a target temperature and a working pressure of 8-60MPa, opening an air outlet valve, venting, releasing and foaming, wherein the pressure release rate of a pressure release device of a rapid high-pressure die pressing device is 1-100 MPa/s, and the product density-controllable polymer microporous foaming product can be obtained, the rapid high-pressure die pressing device can firstly release the supercritical fluid pressure in a die to any pressure lower than the saturation pressure through the pressure release device, cool to the solidification forming temperature, then release the pressure to normal pressure, and then open a sealing cover, or directly release the supercritical fluid to the atmosphere normal pressure under the supercritical fluid pressure condition, and for different polymers, the volume expansion multiplying power of the microporous foaming material obtained under the conditions is 0.1-60 times, the average pore diameter is 0.1-100 mu m, and the pore density is 1.0x10 6 -1.0×10 15 Individual/cm 3 The tensile strength of the product is 1-5 times higher than that of the product formed by compression molding of the foaming beads.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the polymer is foamed and molded in one step, the polymer is directly put into a rapid high-pressure molding device after being molded, the molded pre-molded embryo does not need to be foamed in advance, the foaming mode can be three-dimensional non-mold direct foaming or compression molding foaming, large-scale foaming products can be produced, and multi-station cyclic production is used;
the foaming product of the polymer material with the melting point of 50-350 ℃ can be produced, the die closing speed is 0.5-30 m/s, the die closing pressure is 50-30000 tons, the compression molding process does not need high-pressure steam heating molding, the process is environment-friendly and clean, the foaming product is particularly suitable for foaming molding of the polymer material easy to hydrolyze, the heating temperature of the molded embryo is uniform, the foaming consistency is good, and the tensile strength of the product is 1-5 times higher than that of the product molded by the foaming beads.
The invention is economical and practical, has the advantages of high die assembly speed and high die assembly pressure, and can realize high production efficiency and easy realization of automatic production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a hydraulic mechanical device structure of a large-sized ultra-high pressure thermoplastic polymer foam molding device and a method thereof;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a hydraulic mold clamping device for a large-sized ultra-high pressure thermoplastic polymer foam molding device and a method thereof according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a hydraulic four-cylinder mold clamping device of the large-sized ultrahigh-pressure thermoplastic polymer foaming molding device;
fig. 4 is a front view of a hydraulic pressurizing mold clamping device of a large-sized ultrahigh pressure thermoplastic polymer foaming molding device.
FIG. 1:1 a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank; 2, a liquid nitrogen storage tank; 3, a liquid nitrogen booster pump; 4, a carbon dioxide booster pump; 5, a first mold closing oil cylinder; 6, a connecting rod mode locking mechanism; 7, a first pull rod; 8a first jacket cylinder; 9 a first mold platform; 10 a first exhaust valve and a muffler; 11 a first temperature controller; 12 a first pressure controller; 13 a first inlet valve;
fig. 2:5-1 a second mold closing cylinder; 7-1 a second pull rod; 8-1 a second jacket cylinder; 9-1 a second mold platform; 10-1 a second exhaust valve, muffler; 11-1 a second temperature controller; 12-1 a second pressure controller; 13-1 second intake valve;
fig. 3:7-2 a third pull rod; 8-2 a third jacket cylinder; 9-2 a third mold stage; 10-2 a third exhaust valve, muffler; 11-2 a third temperature controller; 12-2 a third pressure controller; 13-2 a third intake valve; 14 first half holding mode locking nuts and 16 four-cylinder mode locking cylinders;
fig. 4:5-2 a third mold closing cylinder; 7-3 fourth pull rod; 8-3 a fourth jacket cylinder; 9-3 a fourth mold stage; 10-3 fourth exhaust valve, muffler; 11-3 a fourth temperature controller; 12-3 a fourth pressure controller; 13-3 fourth air inlet valve, 14-1 second half holding mode locking nut; 15, closing the die and pressurizing the oil cylinder.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below in connection with specific embodiments.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-4, in this embodiment, a large-scale ultra-high pressure thermoplastic polymer foam molding device is provided, including a supercritical fluid conveying system, a preheating system, a rapid high pressure mold locking device, a temperature control device, a pressure release device, a rapid high pressure mold locking device, a foam product and a polymer, wherein the supercritical fluid conveying system is connected with the rapid high pressure mold locking device, the temperature control device, the pressure control device and the pressure release device are respectively connected with the rapid high pressure mold locking device, the polymer is adopted for one-step foam molding, high pressure steam heating molding is not needed, the foam product of the polymer material with the melting point of 50-350 ℃ can be produced, the foam mode can be three-dimensional non-mold direct foam molding or compression molding foam molding, the large-scale foam product can be produced, the circulating production is used, the preheating system is prepared for preheating the product to be processed, the device can provide foaming equipment for rapid high pressure mold locking, the foam molding of the large-scale multi-polymer material can be realized, the polymer is adopted for one-step foam molding, the polymer is directly placed into the rapid high pressure mold locking device, the foam molding is directly subjected to the one-step foam molding preform, the foaming molding is not needed, the foaming mode is not needed to be required to be three-dimensional foam molding, and the foam product can be produced by the circulating temperature of the foaming product to reach 50 ℃ and the three-dimensional foam molding temperature, and the foaming product can be produced by the continuous production, and has the temperature of 50 ℃ and can be directly required to be manufactured by the foaming foam by the foaming production. The compression molding process does not need high-pressure steam heating molding, the process is environment-friendly and clean, the method is particularly suitable for foaming molding of polymer materials which are easy to hydrolyze, the heating temperature of the molded embryo is uniform, the foaming consistency is good, the tensile strength of products is 1-5 times higher than that of products molded by foaming beads.
In this embodiment, the rapid high-pressure molding device is a hydromechanical device, and the hydromechanical device is provided with a first air inlet valve 13, a first air outlet valve, a muffler 10, a first temperature controller 11, a first pressure controller 12, a first mold clamping cylinder 5, a connecting rod mold locking mechanism 6, a first jacket pressure cylinder 8, a first pull rod 7 and a first mold platform 9, one end of the first air inlet valve 13 is connected with the first mold platform 9, the first pull rod 7 is connected with the first mold platform 9, one end of the first air outlet valve and the muffler 10 is connected with the first mold platform 9, the first pull rod 7 is connected with the first mold clamping cylinder 5, the connecting rod mold locking mechanism 6 is respectively connected with the first mold platform 9 and the first mold clamping cylinder 5, one end of the first jacket pressure cylinder 8 is connected with the first mold platform 9, and one end of the first temperature controller 11 and one end of the first pressure controller 12 are both connected with the first mold platform 9.
In the embodiment, the rapid high-pressure mold clamping device is a hydraulic mold clamping device, a second air inlet valve 13-1, a second air outlet valve, a muffler 10-1, a second temperature controller 11-1, a second pressure controller 12-1, a second mold clamping cylinder 5-1, a second jacket pressure cylinder 8-1, a second pull rod 7-1 and a second mold platform 9-9 are arranged on the hydraulic mold clamping device, the second air inlet valve 13-1, the second temperature controller 11-1, the second pressure controller 12-1, the second air outlet valve and the muffler 10-1 are all connected with the second jacket pressure cylinder 8-1, the second mold clamping cylinder 5-1 is connected with the second mold platform 9-1, and the second pull rod 7-1 is respectively connected with the second jacket pressure cylinder 8-1 and the second mold clamping cylinder 5-1.
In this embodiment, the rapid high-pressure mold clamping device is a hydraulic pressurizing mold clamping device, and the hydraulic pressurizing mold clamping device is provided with a third air inlet valve 13-2, a third air outlet valve, a silencer 10-2, a third temperature controller 11-2, a third pressure controller 12-2, a third mold clamping cylinder 5-2, a mold clamping pressurizing cylinder 15, a first half clamping mold clamping nut 14-1, a third jacket pressure cylinder 8-2, a third pull rod 7-2 and a third mold platform 9-2, the mold clamping pressurizing cylinder 15 is connected with the third mold clamping cylinder 5-2, the first half clamping mold clamping nut 14 is connected with the third pull rod 7-2, the third air inlet valve 13-2, the third air outlet valve, the silencer 10-2, the third temperature controller 11-2 and the third pressure controller 12-2 are all connected with the third mold platform 9-2, the third mold platform 9-2 is connected with the third jacket pressure cylinder 8-2, and the third pull rod 7-2 is respectively connected with the third mold platform 9-2 and the third mold platform 8-2.
In the embodiment, the rapid high-pressure die clamping device is a hydraulic four-cylinder die clamping device, and the hydraulic four-cylinder die clamping device is provided with a fourth air inlet valve 13-3, a fourth air outlet valve, a silencer 10-3, a fourth temperature controller 11-3, a fourth pressure controller 12-3, a four-cylinder die clamping cylinder 16, a second half clamping die locking nut 14-1, a fourth jacket pressure cylinder 8-3, a fourth pull rod 7-3, a fourth die platform 9-3 and a fourth clamping cylinder 16, wherein the fourth pull rod 7 is connected with the fourth pull rod 16, the second half clamping die locking nut 14-1 is connected with the four-cylinder die clamping cylinder 16, and the fourth air inlet valve 13-3, the fourth air outlet valve, the silencer 10-3, the fourth temperature controller 11-3 and the fourth pressure controller 12-3 are all connected with the fourth die platform 9-3, the second half clamping die locking nut 14-1 is connected with the fourth pull rod 7-3, and the fourth pull rod 7-3 is connected with the fourth die platform 9-3 and the third die cylinder 5-2 respectively.
In this embodiment, the preheating system is provided with a heating circulation device and a temperature control device, and the supercritical fluid conveying system is a supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical liquid nitrogen conveying system.
In the embodiment, the supercritical carbon dioxide conveying system is provided with a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 and a carbon dioxide booster pump 4, the supercritical liquid nitrogen conveying system is provided with a liquid nitrogen storage tank 2 and a liquid nitrogen booster station 3, and the carbon dioxide booster pump 4 and the liquid nitrogen booster station 3 are connected with an air inlet valve 13.
In this embodiment, the polymer is one or more selected from polyethylene, polylactic acid, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether sulfone, rubber, silicone rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, thermoplastic polyurethane or thermoplastic elastomer TPE, TPEE, PEBAX, PET, POE, polyphenylene sulfide PPS, polysulfone PSF, polyimide, polyarylate, liquid crystal polymer LCP, polyether ether ketone, fluorine-containing polymer, and the like.
In this embodiment, the fast high-pressure molding device has a mold clamping speed of 0.5-30 m/s and a mold clamping pressure of 50-30000 tons.
Foaming the foaming product in a rapid high-pressure die pressing device by a one-step method to obtain a foaming product with precise shape and size, and producing the foaming product and a larger foaming product of a polymer material with the melting point temperature of 50-350 ℃, wherein the foaming product firstly prepares a pre-molded embryo for polymer foaming molding, and the pre-molded embryo to be processed is preheated in a preheating tank, wherein the preheating temperature is in a region below the softening temperature or the melting point temperature of the polymer; the polymer is foamed and molded in one step, the polymer is directly put into a rapid high-pressure molding device after being molded and pre-molded, the pre-molded molding is not required to be foamed in advance, the foaming mode can be three-dimensional non-molding direct foaming or compression molding foaming, multi-station cyclic production is used, and particularly, the foaming product of the polymer material with the melting point temperature of 50-350 ℃ and the foaming product of the polymer material suitable for easy hydrolysis can be produced;
the die clamping speed of the rapid high-pressure die clamping device is 0.5-30 m/s, the die clamping pressure is 50-30000 tons, the supercritical fluid can be supercritical carbon dioxide, supercritical nitrogen or mixed gas with any proportion, preferably the proportion of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 1-50%, and the content of the supercritical fluid dissolved in the polymer is 0.1-30 parts after the diffusion balance is achieved by taking the weight of the polymer as 100 parts;
the foaming product is immersed in supercritical fluid under high pressure in a rapid high-pressure molding device for 60 to 120 minutes, the working pressure is 8 to 60MPa at the target temperature, and the pressure release rate of the pressure release device of the rapid high-pressure molding device is 1 to 100 MPa/s;
the rapid high-pressure molding device can be characterized in that the supercritical fluid pressure in the mold is firstly released to any pressure lower than the saturation pressure through the pressure release device, the temperature is reduced to the solidification molding temperature, then the pressure is released to normal pressure, the sealing cover is opened, the sealing cover can be directly opened under the supercritical condition, the heating temperature of the molded embryo is uniform, the foaming consistency is good, for different types of polymers, the volume expansion multiplying power of the microporous foaming material obtained under the conditions is 0.1-60 times, and the average pore diameter is: 0.1-100 μm, the pore density is: 1.0X106-1.0X11015 pieces/cm 3, the tensile strength of the product is 1-5 times higher than that of the product molded by the foaming beads;
the working principle of the hydromechanical device is as follows: the first jacket pressure cylinder 8 is filled with heating oil to heat the jacket, after the heating is carried out to a set temperature, a preformed blank formed by foaming a preheated polymer or a mold with the preformed blank formed by foaming the preheated polymer is put on the first mold platform 9, then the mold is closed, the high-pressure oil is fed into the mold by the first mold closing cylinder 5 to push the cylinder piston, the connecting rod mold locking mechanism 6 is pushed by the piston rod, the connecting rod mold locking mechanism 6 pushes the first jacket pressure cylinder 8 downwards, the first jacket pressure cylinder 8 and the first mold platform 9 are closed and locked under the guide of the first pull rod 7, after the mold closing pressure is reached, the first air inlet valve 13 is opened, supercritical fluid is filled, the temperature is controlled by the first temperature controller 11, the first pressure controller 12 controls the gas pressure, the supercritical fluid is swelled and diffused for 15-120 minutes to the polymer under the target temperature and the working pressure, the first air outlet valve 10 opens the air outlet and releases the foaming, and the product of the polymer micropore foaming product with controllable shape, fine density and controllable air outlet noise can be obtained, and the first silencer 10 plays a role of reducing the air outlet noise;
hydraulic mould closing device working principle: the second jacket pressure cylinder 8-1 is filled with heating oil to heat the jacket, after the heating is carried out to a set temperature, a preformed blank formed by foaming a preheated polymer or a mold with the preformed blank formed by foaming the preheated polymer is put on the second mold platform 9-1, then the mold is closed, the high-pressure oil is fed into the second mold cylinder 5-1 in the mold closing process, the cylinder plunger is pushed upwards, the second mold platform 9-1 is pushed upwards by the plunger to be closed, the second jacket pressure cylinder 8-1 and the second mold platform 9-1 are closed and locked under the guide of the pull rod 7, after the mold closing pressure is reached, the second air inlet valve 13-1 is opened, supercritical fluid is filled, the temperature is controlled by the second temperature controller 11-1, the second pressure controller 12-1 controls the gas pressure, the supercritical fluid is swelled and diffused to the polymer for 15-120 minutes under the target temperature and the working pressure, the air outlet valve 13 is opened to discharge and foam, and the polymer microporous foamed product with controllable product shape, fine foam cells and controllable product density can be obtained, and the second silencer 10-1 plays a role of reducing the air outlet noise;
working principle of the hydraulic four-cylinder type die clamping device is as follows: heating oil is introduced into a jacket of a third jacket pressure cylinder 8-2 for heating, after the heating is carried out to a set temperature, a pre-molded blank (a non-molding process) for pre-heating polymer foam molding or a mold (a molding process) with the pre-molded blank for pre-heating polymer foam molding is put on a third mold platform 9-2, then the mold is closed, a first half holding mold clamping nut 14 holds a third pull rod 7-2 tightly in the mold closing process, high-pressure oil is introduced into a four-cylinder mold closing cylinder 16 for pushing a cylinder plunger to carry out high-pressure mold closing, after the mold closing pressure is reached, a third air inlet valve 13-2 is opened, supercritical fluid is introduced, the temperature is controlled by a third temperature controller 11-2, the gas pressure is controlled by a third pressure controller 12-2, the supercritical fluid swells and diffuses for 15-120 minutes to the polymer under the target temperature and working pressure, a third air outlet valve 10-2 is opened for air outlet and pressure relief foaming, and the polymer microporous foamed product with controllable product shape, fine pores and product density can be obtained, and the third silencer 10-2 plays a role of reducing air outlet noise;
hydraulic booster-type mould closing device working principle: the fourth jacket pressure cylinder 8-3 is filled with heating oil to heat, after heating to a set temperature, a preformed blank (no-mould process) formed by foaming a preheated polymer or a mould (mould process) with the preformed blank formed by foaming the preheated polymer is put on the fourth mould platform 9-3, then the mould is closed, in the mould closing process, a second half clamping mode locking nut 14-7 is used for clamping a fourth pull rod 7-3, high-pressure oil is filled into the mould clamping pressurizing cylinder 15 to push a cylinder plunger to pressurize the mould clamping cylinder 15, the fourth jacket pressure cylinder 8-3 and the fourth mould platform 9-3 are closed and locked, after the mould clamping pressure is reached, a fourth air inlet valve 13-3 is opened, supercritical fluid is filled, the temperature is controlled by a fourth temperature controller 11-3, the fourth pressure controller 12-3 controls the air pressure, the supercritical fluid is swelled and diffused to the polymer for 15-120 minutes under the target temperature and working pressure, a fourth air outlet valve 10-3 is opened to release the air, the foaming microporous polymer product with controllable shape, the fine seal and the product density can be obtained, and the fourth air outlet silencer 10-3 has the effect of reducing the air outlet noise.
The invention also provides a foaming molding method of the large-scale ultrahigh-pressure thermoplastic polymer, which comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, preparing a foaming and molding pre-molding blank for polymer foaming and molding by using a plastic processing and molding means, wherein the foaming pre-molding part meets the dimensional precision of each direction after foaming, and the foaming pre-molding blank to be processed at a first station is preheated in preheating equipment, and the preheating temperature is in a region below the softening temperature or the melting point temperature of the polymer;
s2: after reaching the preheating temperature, placing the die into a heating die, closing the die for sealing, wherein the die is a large-scale high-productivity die, the die closing speed is 0.5-30 m/s, the die closing pressure is as high as 50-30000 tons, the production melting point temperature can reach 50-350 ℃, and the die is kept at the target temperature which is 1.0-50 ℃ lower than the melting temperature or the melting point temperature of the polymer all the time during operation;
s3: opening an air inlet valve 13, introducing supercritical fluid, swelling and diffusing the supercritical fluid to the polymer for 15-120 minutes at a target temperature and a working pressure of 8-60MPa, opening an air outlet valve 10, venting, releasing and foaming, wherein the pressure release rate of a pressure release device of a rapid high-pressure molding device is 1-100 MPa/s, and the polymer microporous foaming product with controllable product shape, fine foam holes and product density can be obtained, and the rapid high-pressure molding device can firstly release the supercritical fluid pressure in the mold to any pressure lower than the saturation pressure through the pressure release device, then cool to the solidification and molding temperature, and then release the pressure toThe sealing cover is opened under normal pressure, or the sealing cover is directly discharged to atmosphere under the condition of supercritical fluid pressure, the volume expansion rate of the microporous foaming material obtained under the conditions is 0.1-60 times for different types of polymers, the average pore diameter is 0.1-100 mu m, and the pore density is 1.0X10 6 -1.0×10 15 Individual/cm 3 The tensile strength of the product is 1-5 times higher than that of the product formed by compression molding of the foaming beads.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The foaming forming method of the large-scale ultra-high pressure thermoplastic polymer comprises a supercritical fluid conveying system, a preheating system, a rapid high pressure mold locking device, a temperature control device, a pressure release device, a rapid high pressure mold locking device, a foaming product and a polymer, and is characterized in that the supercritical fluid conveying system is connected with the rapid high pressure mold locking device, the temperature control device, the pressure control device and the pressure release device are respectively connected with the rapid high pressure mold locking device, the polymer is adopted for one-step foaming forming, high pressure steam heating molding is not needed, the foaming product of the polymer material with the melting point temperature of 50-350 ℃ can be produced, the foaming mode can be three-dimensional non-mold direct foaming or compression molding foaming, the large-scale foaming product can be produced, and multi-station cyclic bad production is used;
the method also comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, preparing a foaming and molding pre-molding blank for polymer foaming and molding by using a plastic processing and molding means, wherein the foaming pre-molding part meets the dimensional precision of each direction after foaming, and the foaming pre-molding blank to be processed at a first station is preheated in preheating equipment, and the preheating temperature is in a region below the softening temperature or the melting point temperature of the polymer;
s2: after reaching the preheating temperature, placing the die into a heating die, closing the die for sealing, wherein the die is a large-scale high-productivity die, the die closing speed is 0.5-30 m/s, the die closing pressure is as high as 50-30000 tons, the production melting point temperature can reach 50-350 ℃, and the die is kept at the target temperature which is 1.0-50 ℃ lower than the melting temperature or the melting point temperature of the polymer all the time during operation;
s3: opening the air inlet valve, introducing supercritical fluid,
the supercritical fluid is mixed gas of supercritical carbon dioxide and supercritical nitrogen, wherein the proportion of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 1-50%, and the content of the supercritical fluid dissolved in the polymer is 0.1-30 parts after diffusion balance is achieved by taking the weight of the polymer as 100 parts;
the supercritical fluid is swelled and diffused to the polymer for 15-120 minutes under the target temperature and the working pressure of 8-60MPa, the exhaust valve is opened to release the air for decompression and foaming, the decompression rate of the pressure release device of the rapid high-pressure molding device is 1-100 MPa/s, the polymer microporous foaming product with the shape, the fine foam holes and the controllable product density can be obtained, the rapid high-pressure molding device can firstly release the supercritical fluid pressure in the mold to any pressure lower than the saturation pressure through the pressure release device, cool to the curing forming temperature, then release the pressure to the normal pressure, then open the sealing cover, or directly release the pressure to the atmosphere under the supercritical fluid pressure condition, and the volume expansion ratio of the microporous foaming material obtained under the conditions is 0.1-60 times for different types of polymers,
average pore diameter of 0.1-100 μm and pore density of 1.0X10 6 -1.0×10 15 Individual/cm 3 The tensile strength of the product is 1-5 times higher than that of the product formed by compression molding of the foaming beads.
2. The method for foaming and forming the large-sized ultrahigh-pressure thermoplastic polymer according to claim 1, wherein the rapid high-pressure molding device is a hydraulic mechanical device, a first air inlet valve, a first air outlet valve, a silencer, a first temperature controller, a first pressure controller, a first mold clamping cylinder, a connecting rod mold clamping mechanism, a first jacket pressure cylinder, a first pull rod and a first mold platform are arranged on the hydraulic mechanical device, one end of the first air inlet valve is connected with the first mold platform, the first pull rod is connected with the first mold platform, one end of the first air outlet valve and one end of the silencer are connected with the first mold platform, the first pull rod is connected with the first mold clamping cylinder, one end of the first jacket pressure cylinder is connected with the first mold platform, and one end of the first temperature controller and one end of the first pressure controller are connected with the first mold platform.
3. The method for foaming and forming the large-sized ultrahigh-pressure thermoplastic polymer according to claim 1, wherein the rapid high-pressure molding device is a hydraulic mold clamping device, a second air inlet valve, a second air outlet valve, a muffler, a second temperature controller, a second pressure controller, a second mold clamping cylinder, a second jacket pressure cylinder, a second pull rod and a second mold platform are arranged on the hydraulic mold clamping device, the second air inlet valve, the second temperature controller, the second pressure controller, the second air outlet valve and the muffler are all connected with the second jacket pressure cylinder, the second mold clamping cylinder is connected with the second mold platform, and the second pull rod is connected with the second jacket pressure cylinder and the second mold clamping cylinder respectively.
4. The method for foaming and forming the large-sized ultrahigh-pressure thermoplastic polymer according to claim 1, wherein the rapid high-pressure mold clamping device is a hydraulic pressurizing mold clamping device, a third air inlet valve, a third air outlet valve, a silencer, a third temperature controller, a third pressure controller, a third mold clamping cylinder, a mold clamping pressurizing cylinder, a first half clamping mold locking nut, a third jacket pressure cylinder, a third pull rod and a third mold platform are arranged on the hydraulic pressurizing mold clamping device, the mold clamping pressurizing cylinder is connected with the third mold clamping cylinder, the first half clamping mold locking nut is connected with the third pull rod, the third air inlet valve, the third air outlet valve, the silencer, the third temperature controller and the third pressure controller are all connected with the third mold platform, the third mold platform is connected with the third jacket pressure cylinder, and the third pull rod is respectively connected with the third mold platform and the third jacket pressure cylinder.
5. The method for foaming and forming the large-sized ultrahigh-pressure thermoplastic polymer according to claim 1, wherein the rapid high-pressure mold clamping device is a hydraulic four-cylinder mold clamping device, a fourth air inlet valve, a fourth air outlet valve, a silencer, a fourth temperature controller, a fourth pressure controller, a four-cylinder mold clamping cylinder, a second half-holding mold clamping nut, a fourth jacket pressure cylinder, a fourth pull rod, a fourth mold platform and the like are arranged on the hydraulic four-cylinder mold clamping device, the four-cylinder mold clamping cylinder is connected with the fourth pull rod, the second half-holding mold clamping nut is connected with the four-cylinder mold clamping cylinder, the fourth air inlet valve, the fourth air outlet valve, the silencer, the fourth temperature controller and the fourth pressure controller are all connected with the fourth mold platform, the second half-holding mold clamping nut is connected with the fourth pull rod, and the fourth pull rod is connected with the fourth mold platform and the third mold clamping cylinder respectively.
6. The method for foaming and forming the large-scale ultrahigh-pressure thermoplastic polymer according to claim 1, wherein the preheating system is provided with a heating circulation device and a temperature control device, the supercritical fluid conveying system is a supercritical carbon dioxide conveying system and a supercritical liquid nitrogen conveying system, the supercritical carbon dioxide conveying system is provided with a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank and a carbon dioxide booster pump, the supercritical liquid nitrogen conveying system is provided with a liquid nitrogen storage tank and a liquid nitrogen booster station, and the carbon dioxide booster pump and the liquid nitrogen booster station are connected with an air inlet valve.
7. The method for foam molding a large ultra-high pressure thermoplastic polymer according to claim 1, wherein said polymer is one or more selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, and thermoplastic elastomer TPE, PEBAX, PET.
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| PCT/CN2019/085743 WO2020220382A1 (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2019-05-07 | Large ultra-high-pressure thermoplastic polymer foam-forming device and method therefor |
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| CN112721007A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-30 | 天津科技大学 | Supercritical fluid assisted high-rate rapid foaming equipment for plastics and use method |
| CN114311487A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-04-12 | 山东大学 | Polymer supercritical fluid mixing foaming system and method |
| CN118496639A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2024-08-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Foaming material and preparation method and application thereof |
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