CN109954475A - A nozzle in the process of dry preparation of UO2 powder - Google Patents
A nozzle in the process of dry preparation of UO2 powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN109954475A CN109954475A CN201711422902.4A CN201711422902A CN109954475A CN 109954475 A CN109954475 A CN 109954475A CN 201711422902 A CN201711422902 A CN 201711422902A CN 109954475 A CN109954475 A CN 109954475A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- KCKICANVXIVOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L dioxouranium(2+);difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].O=[U+2]=O KCKICANVXIVOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N Heavy water Chemical compound [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006115 defluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/26—Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of reactors or parts thereof
- G21C21/02—Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained in non-active casings
- G21C21/16—Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained in non-active casings by casting or dipping techniques
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
本发明属于化工领域，具体干法制备UO2粉末工艺过程中的喷嘴，包括同轴的外管和内管，所述的内管和外管之间设有间隙，间隙内设有螺旋导叶，螺旋导叶与内管固定；外管端部和内管端部均设有锥形结构，外管端部锥形结构形成喷嘴，内管端部的锥形结构伸出所述的喷嘴，由于在内外管之间设计的螺旋导叶结构，利用螺旋输送的原理，大大提高反应气体的混合程度，从而提高了反应的均匀程度，能够有效防止喷头堵塞，能够提高中间产物氟化铀酰的品质，从而使生产的UO2粉末，粒度均匀、反应完全、杂质少，能够显著提高后续制块环节的成品率。
The invention belongs to the field of chemical industry. Specifically, a nozzle in the process of preparing UO 2 powder by a dry method comprises a coaxial outer tube and an inner tube, a gap is arranged between the inner tube and the outer tube, and a spiral guide vane is arranged in the gap. , the spiral guide vane is fixed with the inner tube; the end of the outer tube and the end of the inner tube are provided with a tapered structure, the tapered structure of the end of the outer tube forms a nozzle, and the tapered structure of the end of the inner tube extends out of the nozzle, Due to the spiral guide vane structure designed between the inner and outer tubes, the principle of spiral conveying is used to greatly improve the mixing degree of the reaction gas, thereby improving the uniformity of the reaction, which can effectively prevent the nozzle from clogging, and can improve the intermediate product uranyl fluoride. Therefore, the UO 2 powder produced has uniform particle size, complete reaction and few impurities, which can significantly improve the yield of the subsequent block making process.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于化工领域，具体涉及一种干法制备UO2粉末的喷嘴。The invention belongs to the field of chemical industry, and in particular relates to a nozzle for preparing UO 2 powder by a dry method.
背景技术Background technique
随着世界范围内核能的迅速发展，UO2核燃料的需求越来越大。UO2具有很好的物理性质和化学性质，例如熔点高、辐照稳定性好、燃耗深、热膨胀系数小等，并且易于加工成一定形状、元件后处理较容易。目前，UO2广泛应用于压水堆、沸水堆、重水堆以及气冷堆。目前UO2主要通过干法生产，先使用UF6水解制备氟化铀酰，然后脱氟还原为UO2。干法过程具有流程短、生产量大、容易连续化、自动化、废液少等优点。UO2对氟化铀酰的性质具有继承性，必须严格控制反应条件，使氟化铀酰的物理性质符合制备陶瓷UO2粉末的要求。UF6水解是放热反应，降低反应温度，有利于反应的进行，但是生成的氟化铀酰流动性不好，易粘壁，但有这种氟化铀酰经脱氟还原制得的UO2粉末具有较低的松装密度和较高的比表面，有利于UO2的研制和烧结。提高反应温度，不利于反应的进行，在此条件下产生的氟化铀酰易流动，不粘壁，但由于温度高，从而导致UO2粉末活性下降。With the rapid development of nuclear energy worldwide, the demand for UO 2 nuclear fuel is increasing. UO 2 has good physical and chemical properties, such as high melting point, good radiation stability, deep burn-up, small thermal expansion coefficient, etc., and is easy to process into a certain shape, and the post-processing of components is easy. At present, UO 2 is widely used in pressurized water reactors, boiling water reactors, heavy water reactors and gas-cooled reactors. At present, UO 2 is mainly produced by dry method, which is firstly prepared by hydrolysis of UF6 to prepare uranyl fluoride, and then defluorinated and reduced to UO2. The dry process has the advantages of short process flow, large production volume, easy continuity, automation, and less waste liquid. UO 2 inherits the properties of uranyl fluoride, and the reaction conditions must be strictly controlled to make the physical properties of uranyl fluoride meet the requirements for preparing ceramic UO 2 powder. The hydrolysis of UF 6 is an exothermic reaction, lowering the reaction temperature is beneficial to the progress of the reaction, but the resulting uranyl fluoride has poor fluidity and is easy to stick to the wall, but there is UO obtained by defluorination and reduction of this uranyl fluoride. 2 powder has lower bulk density and higher specific surface, which is beneficial to the development and sintering of UO 2 . Raising the reaction temperature is not conducive to the progress of the reaction. Under this condition, the uranyl fluoride produced is easy to flow and does not stick to the wall, but due to the high temperature, the activity of the UO 2 powder decreases.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的是提供一种干法制备UO2粉末工艺过程中的喷嘴，制备UO2粉末反应速度较快，能够避免喷头堵塞的情况。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a nozzle in the process of preparing UO 2 powder by dry method, the reaction speed of preparing UO 2 powder is relatively fast, and the situation of nozzle clogging can be avoided.
本发明的技术方案如下：The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
一种干法制备UO2粉末工艺过程中的喷嘴，包括同轴的外管和内管，所述的内管和外管之间设有间隙，所述的间隙内设有螺旋导叶，所述的螺旋导叶与内管固定；所述的外管端部和所述的内管端部均设有锥形结构，外管端部锥形结构形成喷嘴，所述的内管端部的锥形结构伸出所述的喷嘴。A nozzle in the process of preparing UO 2 powder by a dry method comprises a coaxial outer tube and an inner tube, a gap is arranged between the inner tube and the outer tube, and a spiral guide vane is arranged in the gap, so that the The spiral guide vane is fixed with the inner tube; the end of the outer tube and the end of the inner tube are both provided with a tapered structure, the tapered structure of the end of the outer tube forms a nozzle, and the end of the inner tube is provided with a tapered structure. The conical structure extends out of the nozzle.
所述的外管包括固定连接的外管圆筒和外管锥面喷口，所述的外管锥面喷口形成喷嘴。The outer tube includes a fixedly connected outer tube cylinder and an outer tube cone surface nozzle, and the outer tube cone surface nozzle forms a nozzle.
所述的内管包括固定连接的内管圆筒和内管锥面，所述的螺旋导叶固定设于内管圆筒朝向内管锥面的一端外。The inner tube includes a fixedly connected inner tube cylinder and an inner tube conical surface, and the spiral guide vane is fixedly arranged outside one end of the inner tube cylinder facing the inner tube conical surface.
所述的内管锥面小端直径与外管锥面喷口小端内直径相等，且内管锥面大端直径小于外管锥面喷口大端内直径。The diameter of the small end of the conical surface of the inner pipe is equal to the inner diameter of the small end of the conical surface of the outer pipe, and the diameter of the large end of the conical surface of the inner pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the large end of the conical surface of the outer pipe.
所述的内管锥面的大端直径与内管圆筒直径相同，且两者固定连接，内管锥面的小端伸出上述的外管锥面喷口的小端。The diameter of the large end of the inner pipe conical surface is the same as that of the inner pipe cylinder, and the two are fixedly connected, and the small end of the inner pipe conical surface protrudes from the small end of the above-mentioned outer pipe conical surface nozzle.
所述的外管圆筒和外管锥面喷口的厚度相同。The thickness of the outer tube cylinder and the outer tube cone surface nozzle are the same.
所述的外管圆筒和外管锥面喷口的长度之比为10:1～20:1。The ratio of the lengths of the outer tube cylinder and the outer tube cone surface nozzle is 10:1 to 20:1.
所述的内管锥面的长度大于上述的外管锥面喷口的长度。The length of the conical surface of the inner pipe is greater than the length of the spout of the conical surface of the outer pipe.
所述的螺旋导叶由片螺旋叶片组成，每个叶片的内侧固定焊接在内管圆筒的外壁上。The helical guide vanes are composed of helical vanes, and the inner side of each vane is fixedly welded on the outer wall of the inner tube cylinder.
所述的叶片长度占内管圆筒长度的1/5～2/5，叶片的高度为内管圆筒直径的2/5～3/5，叶片的螺距90～105mm，叶片厚度为0.2～0.6mm。The length of the blade accounts for 1/5~2/5 of the length of the inner tube cylinder, the height of the blade is 2/5~3/5 of the diameter of the inner tube cylinder, the pitch of the blade is 90~105mm, and the thickness of the blade is 0.2~ 0.6mm.
本发明的显著效果如下：由于在内外管之间设计的螺旋导叶结构，利用螺旋输送的原理，大大提高反应气体的混合程度，从而提高了反应的均匀程度，能够有效防止喷头堵塞；The remarkable effects of the present invention are as follows: due to the spiral guide vane structure designed between the inner and outer pipes, the principle of helical conveying is used to greatly improve the mixing degree of the reaction gas, thereby improving the uniformity of the reaction, and can effectively prevent the nozzle from clogging;
能够提高中间产物氟化铀酰的品质，从而使生产的UO2粉末，粒度均匀、反应完全、杂质少，能够显著提高后续制块环节的成品率；The quality of the intermediate product uranyl fluoride can be improved, so that the UO 2 powder produced has uniform particle size, complete reaction and few impurities, and can significantly improve the yield of the subsequent block making process;
结构简单、成本低廉、使用方便。The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and convenient use.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为干法制备UO2粉末工艺过程中的喷嘴示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the nozzle in the process of preparing UO powder by dry method ;
图2为外管示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the outer tube;
图3为内管示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an inner tube;
图中：1.外管；2.外管圆筒；3.外管锥面喷口；4.内管圆筒；5.内管锥面；6.螺旋导叶；7.叶片；8.内管。In the figure: 1. Outer tube; 2. Outer tube cylinder; 3. Outer tube cone surface nozzle; 4. Inner tube cylinder; 5. Inner tube cone; 6. Spiral guide vane; 7. Blade; 8. Inner tube Tube.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面通过附图及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1所示，该喷嘴由同轴安装的内管8和外管1组成，两者之间存在间隙，内管8上安装螺旋导叶6。As shown in FIG. 1 , the nozzle is composed of an inner tube 8 and an outer tube 1 installed coaxially with a gap between them, and a spiral guide vane 6 is installed on the inner tube 8 .
如图2所示，外管1包括外管圆筒2和外管锥面喷口3，两部分固定连接。如图3所示，内管8包括内管圆筒4和内管锥面5，两部分固定连接，并且在内管圆筒4朝向内管锥面5的一端安装螺旋导叶6，并且内管锥面5伸出外管锥面喷口3。As shown in FIG. 2 , the outer tube 1 includes an outer tube cylinder 2 and an outer tube conical surface nozzle 3 , and the two parts are fixedly connected. As shown in FIG. 3, the inner tube 8 includes an inner tube cylinder 4 and an inner tube conical surface 5, and the two parts are fixedly connected, and the end of the inner tube cylinder 4 facing the inner tube conical surface 5 is installed with a spiral guide vane 6, and the inner tube is The pipe cone surface 5 protrudes from the outer pipe cone surface nozzle 3 .
外管圆筒2的长度与内管圆筒4的长度相等，并且两者存在间隙；上述的螺旋导叶6位于该间隙内。The length of the outer tube cylinder 2 is equal to the length of the inner tube cylinder 4, and there is a gap between them; the above-mentioned helical guide vanes 6 are located in the gap.
内管锥面5小端直径与外管锥面喷口3小端内直径相等，且内管锥面5大端直径小于外管锥面喷口3大端内直径，因此两者之间也存在间隙。The diameter of the small end of the inner pipe cone surface 5 is equal to the inner diameter of the small end of the outer pipe cone surface nozzle 3, and the diameter of the large end of the inner pipe cone surface 5 is smaller than the inner diameter of the large end of the outer pipe cone surface nozzle 3, so there is also a gap between the two. .
内管锥面5的大端直径与内管圆筒4直径相同，且两者固定连接，内管锥面5的小端伸出上述的外管锥面喷口3的小端。The diameter of the large end of the inner pipe conical surface 5 is the same as the diameter of the inner pipe cylinder 4, and the two are fixedly connected, and the small end of the inner pipe conical surface 5 protrudes from the small end of the above-mentioned outer pipe conical surface nozzle 3.
如图2所示，外管圆筒2和外管锥面喷口3的厚度相同，外管锥面喷口3为圆锥形，其大端与外管圆筒2的一端焊接固定，大端的内直径与外管圆筒2的内直径相等。As shown in Figure 2, the thickness of the outer tube cylinder 2 and the outer tube cone surface nozzle 3 are the same, the outer tube cone surface nozzle 3 is conical, and its large end is welded and fixed to one end of the outer tube cylinder 2, and the inner diameter of the large end is It is equal to the inner diameter of the outer tube cylinder 2 .
所述的外管圆筒2和外管锥面喷口3的长度之比为10:1～20:1，优选15:1。The ratio of the length of the outer tube cylinder 2 to the outer tube cone surface nozzle 3 is 10:1 to 20:1, preferably 15:1.
如图3所示，内管4端部加工锥形成为内管锥面5，内管锥面5的长度大于上述的外管锥面喷口3的长度，使得装配时，内管锥面5小端伸出外管锥面喷口3。As shown in Fig. 3, the end of the inner pipe 4 is processed into a tapered inner pipe conical surface 5, and the length of the inner pipe conical surface 5 is greater than the length of the above-mentioned outer pipe conical surface nozzle 3, so that during assembly, the inner pipe conical surface 5 is smaller The end protrudes from the conical surface nozzle 3 of the outer pipe.
所述螺旋导叶6由8片螺旋叶片组成，每个叶片7的内侧固定焊接在内管圆筒4的外壁上，叶片长度占内管圆筒4长度的1/5～2/5，叶片7的高度为内管圆筒4直径的2/5～3/5，螺旋叶片7的螺距90～105mm，优选为100mm，厚度为0.2～0.6mm，优选为0.5mm。The spiral guide vane 6 is composed of 8 spiral vanes. The inner side of each vane 7 is fixedly welded to the outer wall of the inner tube cylinder 4. The length of the blade accounts for 1/5 to 2/5 of the length of the inner tube cylinder 4. The height of 7 is 2/5-3/5 of the diameter of the inner tube cylinder 4, the pitch of the helical blade 7 is 90-105 mm, preferably 100 mm, and the thickness is 0.2-0.6 mm, preferably 0.5 mm.
优选外管圆筒2部分内径为23.8mm,外径为30.12mm，长度为150mm。Preferably, the inner diameter of the outer tube cylinder 2 is 23.8 mm, the outer diameter is 30.12 mm, and the length is 150 mm.
优选外管锥面喷口3的长度为20mm，喷口端(小端)外径20mm，内径为10.7mm。Preferably, the length of the conical surface nozzle 3 of the outer tube is 20 mm, the outer diameter of the nozzle end (small end) is 20 mm, and the inner diameter is 10.7 mm.
优选的所述内管圆筒4长度为150mm,外径为14.5mm,内径为10.5mm。Preferably, the length of the inner tube cylinder 4 is 150 mm, the outer diameter is 14.5 mm, and the inner diameter is 10.5 mm.
优选的所述内管锥面小端外径为6.7mm,内径为5.5mm，长度为30mm。Preferably, the outer diameter of the small end of the inner pipe cone is 6.7mm, the inner diameter is 5.5mm, and the length is 30mm.
优选的所述螺旋导叶由8片螺旋叶片组成。Preferably, the helical guide vane is composed of 8 helical blades.
优选地所述螺旋叶片螺距为100mm,叶片长度为25mm,叶片高度为4.65mm,叶片厚度为0.5mm。Preferably, the helical blade pitch is 100 mm, the blade length is 25 mm, the blade height is 4.65 mm, and the blade thickness is 0.5 mm.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| CN201711422902.4A CN109954475A (en) | 2017-12-25 | 2017-12-25 | A nozzle in the process of dry preparation of UO2 powder |
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| CN201711422902.4A CN109954475A (en) | 2017-12-25 | 2017-12-25 | A nozzle in the process of dry preparation of UO2 powder |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112811470A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-05-18 | 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity uranyl fluoride powder from uranium hexafluoride by dry method |
| CN115554974A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-01-03 | 中核建中核燃料元件有限公司 | Dry method for preparing UO 2 Three-layer nozzle in powder process |
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| CN208390026U (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2019-01-18 | 中核建中核燃料元件有限公司 | A kind of nozzle during dry process UO2 powder technology |
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| CN112811470A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-05-18 | 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity uranyl fluoride powder from uranium hexafluoride by dry method |
| CN115554974A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-01-03 | 中核建中核燃料元件有限公司 | Dry method for preparing UO 2 Three-layer nozzle in powder process |
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Application publication date: 20190702 |