CN109874516B - Straw picking, crushing and screening machine - Google Patents
Straw picking, crushing and screening machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109874516B CN109874516B CN201910261371.8A CN201910261371A CN109874516B CN 109874516 B CN109874516 B CN 109874516B CN 201910261371 A CN201910261371 A CN 201910261371A CN 109874516 B CN109874516 B CN 109874516B
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- crushing
- frame
- shaft
- screen
- straw
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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- Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a straw picking, crushing and screening machine which comprises a frame, a transmission mechanism, a crushing and throwing mechanism, a straw conveying mechanism, a straw picking mechanism and a soil screening mechanism, wherein the crushing and throwing mechanism is respectively arranged at two sides of the frame and comprises a shell, a screen drum is fixedly arranged in the shell, and a fixed blade is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the screen drum; a rotor is arranged in the shell and comprises a disc, blades annularly distributed on the inner side of the disc and fins annularly distributed; a straw conveying mechanism is arranged between the two crushing and throwing mechanisms, a straw pickup mechanism is arranged at the front part of the frame, and a soil screening mechanism is arranged at the rear part of the frame. The device has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low cost, high working efficiency and capability of realizing combined operations of picking up, crushing and sieving soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a straw picking, crushing and screening machine.
Background
Many agricultural harvesting machines of the prior art only harvest seeds, and the straw remains in the ground or is minced and paved in the ground. In order not to affect the next stubble soil preparation operation, the method usually adopts the manual method for collecting the crushed straws in the farmland and then adopts the incineration treatment mode for treatment, which is not beneficial to the utilization of biomass resources of the crop straws and causes environmental pollution by smoke generated by the incineration.
The prior art has the advantages that the multifunctional integrated plant straw crushing and harvesting machine with the functions of harvesting, crushing and the like is generally a large-scale combine harvesting machine, the structure is complex, the power required is large, the machine volume is large, the machine is not suitable for small-scale land work, the machine is high in price and the operation cost is high, and the machine is not suitable for the current requirement of rural small-scale operation. The patent 201220264872.5 in China discloses a plant straw picking, crushing and screening machine which is a small agricultural machine and comprises a cutting pick-up device, a spiral feeder and a cutting and throwing machine. The method has the defects that the harvested straw is not sufficiently crushed, and the harvested crushed straw also contains a large amount of dust, so that a lot of troubles are brought to later use or further processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a straw picking, crushing and screening machine which is simple and compact in structure, low in cost, good in crushing and soil screening effect, capable of achieving combined operations of picking, crushing and soil screening, and high in working efficiency.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: the utility model provides a screening machine is smashed in straw pick up, it includes frame and drive mechanism, its characterized in that: the two sides of the frame are respectively provided with a crushing and throwing mechanism sharing a main shaft, the crushing and throwing mechanism comprises a shell consisting of a shell, an inner end face and an outer end cover, a discharging cylinder is arranged at the upper part of the shell, a screen cylinder is fixedly arranged on the inner end face in the shell, a feeding port is arranged in the center of the inner end face in the screen cylinder, and a plurality of fixed blades are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the screen cylinder; a rotor is arranged in the shell and comprises a disc fixedly arranged at the outer end of the main shaft, and a plurality of movable blades extending into the inside of the screen cylinder in an annular distribution and a plurality of fins extending into the outside of the screen cylinder in an annular distribution are arranged on the disc; a machine frame between the two crushing and throwing mechanisms is provided with a straw conveying mechanism, the straw conveying mechanism comprises two feeding grooves which are arranged in parallel left and right, the main shafts penetrate through the two feeding grooves, and spiral sheets which are opposite in direction and feed to feeding ports on two sides are respectively arranged on the main shafts in the two feeding grooves; a straw pickup mechanism is arranged at the front part of the frame and comprises an arc-shaped cover arranged at the front part of the frame, a pickup roller is arranged below the arc-shaped cover, and a plurality of cutting pickup curved knives are hinged on the pickup roller; the rear part of the frame is provided with a soil screening mechanism, the soil screening mechanism comprises a screen body formed by an upper cylindrical screen and a lower conical screen, the upper part of the screen body is provided with two feeding pipe orifices which form tangential angles with the conical screen, the discharging cylinders of the two crushing and throwing mechanisms are respectively communicated with the two feeding pipe orifices, and the lower part of the screen body is provided with a discharging hole; the upper part of the screen body is provided with a shaft bracket, the lower part of the shaft bracket is provided with a rotatable sleeve or rotating shaft which extends into the screen body, the upper end of the sleeve or rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a disc, the sleeve or rotating shaft on the lower side of the disc is annularly provided with a plurality of fins, and the lower part of the sleeve or rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a spiral plectrum; a shell with soil collecting intervals is arranged around the sieve body, and a soil outlet is arranged at the lower part of the shell.
Preferably, the transmission mechanism comprises a triaxial gear reverser and a biaxial gear reverser, the triaxial gear reverser comprises a front extending shaft, a rear extending shaft and a lateral extending shaft, the biaxial gear reverser comprises a front extending shaft and a lateral extending shaft, the front extending shaft of the triaxial gear reverser is a power input shaft connected with a rear output shaft of the power locomotive, and the lateral extending shaft of the triaxial gear reverser drives the pick-up roller to rotate through a belt transmission mechanism or a chain transmission mechanism; the rear extension shaft of the triaxial gear commutator is connected with the front extension shaft of the biaxial gear commutator through a universal coupling, and the side extension shaft of the biaxial gear commutator drives the main shaft to rotate through a belt transmission mechanism or a chain transmission mechanism.
Preferably, the triaxial gear reverser is arranged at the front upper part of the frame, and the biaxial gear reverser is arranged at the middle upper part of the frame.
Preferably, a circular screen sheet is arranged at the upper part of the cylindrical screen.
Preferably, a traction frame is arranged at the front part of the frame.
Preferably, two travelling wheels are arranged at the middle and rear parts of the frame.
Preferably, a material receiving platform is arranged at the rear part of the frame.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The soil screening mechanism comprises a screen body and a shell, wherein a plurality of fins and spiral stirring sheets are annularly distributed on a sleeve or a rotating shaft in the screen body, crushed straws blown in from two feeding pipe openings are blown to rotate by the sleeve or the rotating shaft, the rotating spiral stirring sheets stir the crushed straws to rotate along the inner wall of the screen body, and under the action of wind force, dust impurities in the crushed straws enter an interlayer between the screen body and the shell and are discharged from a soil outlet; the crushed straw rotating in the sieve body is discharged from the discharge hole after being screened, and the sieving soil does not need to be specially configured with power, so that the sieving soil effect is good.
(2) The two crushing and throwing mechanisms comprise a shell, wherein a screen cylinder is fixed in the shell, and a plurality of fixed blades are fixed on the inner wall of the screen cylinder; a plurality of moving blades extending into the inside of the screen cylinder in an annular distribution and a plurality of fins extending into the outside of the screen cylinder in an annular distribution are arranged on a disc driven to rotate by a main shaft in the shell; plant straws can be cut up very efficiently through the cutting action of the fixed blades and the movable blades in the screen cylinder, the cut straws enter the outer side of the screen cylinder through the screen holes around the screen cylinder under the action of centrifugal force, and the crushed straws entering the outer side of the screen cylinder are thrown out of the discharge cylinder under the action of the fins. The cutting and crushing efficiency is high, the throwing and blowing power of crushed straw is high, and powerful wind power is provided for the soil screening mechanism.
(3) The two crushing and throwing mechanisms and the straw conveying mechanism share one main shaft, so that the transmission mechanism is simpler, the integral structure of the invention is simplified, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
(4) The whole structure is simple, the machine body is compact, the tractor is used for traction operation, the transmission mechanism takes the power output shaft at the tail part of the tractor as a power source, and the operation driving operation of the whole machine can be realized through close fit among the universal transmission shaft, the belt pulley and the chain wheel without additional power allocation. The production cost is low, the method is suitable for the requirements of small farmland operation and rural small-scale operation, the operation is simple, and the operation is flexible and convenient. The combined operation of picking up, conveying, crushing and soil screening can be realized, and the working efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a front side view angle three-dimensional structure of a straw pickup crushing screening machine;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a rear side view angle three-dimensional structure of the straw pickup crushing screening machine;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a straw conveying mechanism and a crushing and throwing mechanism of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an exploded state of the pulverizing and throwing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a partially cut-away perspective structure of the soil screening mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a frame and a straw pick-up mechanism according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the transmission mechanism of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-rack, 2-transmission mechanism, 3-crushing throwing mechanism, 4-straw conveying mechanism, 5-straw pickup mechanism, 6-soil screening mechanism, 7-main shaft, 301-cylinder shell, 302-end face, 303-end cover, 304-discharge cylinder, 305-screen cylinder, 306-feeding port, 307-fixed blade, 308-disc, 309-movable blade, 310-vane, 401-feeding groove, 402-spiral sheet, 501-arc cover, 502-pick-up roller, 503-cutting pick-up bent blade, 601-cylinder screen, 602-cone screen, 603-feeding pipe orifice, 604-discharge port, 605-shaft bracket, 606-sleeve, 607-disc, 608-vane, 609-spiral plectrum, 610-shell, 611-soil outlet, 612-circular screen sheet, 201-triaxial gear reverser, 202-front extension shaft, 203-rear extension shaft, 204-side extension shaft, 205-biaxial gear reverser, 206-front extension shaft, 207-side extension shaft, 208-travelling wheel universal joint, 103-travelling wheel universal joint, 101, traction platform and 102.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a straw picking, crushing and screening machine comprises a frame 1 and a transmission mechanism 2, wherein a traction frame 101 is arranged at the front part of the frame 1, two travelling wheels 102 are arranged at the middle and rear parts of the frame 1, and a material receiving platform 103 is arranged at the rear part of the frame 1; the two sides of the frame 1 are respectively provided with a crushing and throwing mechanism 3 sharing one main shaft 7, the crushing and throwing mechanism 3 comprises a shell composed of a shell 301, an inner side end face 302 and an outer side end cover 303, a discharging cylinder 304 is arranged at the upper part of the shell 301, a screen cylinder 305 is fixedly arranged on the inner side end face 302 in the shell, a feeding port 306 is arranged in the center of the inner side end face 302 in the screen cylinder 305, and a plurality of fixed blades 307 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the screen cylinder 305; a rotor is arranged in the shell, the rotor comprises a disc 308 fixedly arranged at the outer end of the main shaft 7, a plurality of movable blades 309 extending into the inside of the screen cylinder 305 and annularly distributed and a plurality of fins 310 extending into the outside of the screen cylinder 305 are arranged on the inner side surface of the disc 308; a straw conveying mechanism 4 is arranged on the frame 1 between the two crushing and throwing mechanisms 3, the straw conveying mechanism 4 comprises two feeding grooves 401 which are arranged in parallel left and right, the main shaft 7 penetrates through the two feeding grooves 401, and spiral sheets 402 which are opposite in direction and feed to feeding ports 306 on two sides are respectively arranged on the main shaft 7 in the two feeding grooves 401; a straw pickup mechanism 5 is arranged at the front part of the frame 1, the straw pickup mechanism 5 comprises an arc-shaped cover 501 arranged at the front part of the frame, a pickup roller 502 is arranged below the arc-shaped cover 501, and a plurality of cutting pickup curved knives 503 are hinged on the pickup roller 502; the rear part of the frame 1 is provided with a soil screening mechanism 6, the soil screening mechanism 6 comprises a screen body formed by an upper cylindrical screen 601 and a lower conical screen 602, the upper part of the screen body is provided with two feeding pipe orifices 603 which form tangential angles with the conical screen 601, the discharging cylinders 304 of the two crushing and throwing mechanisms 3 are respectively communicated with the two feeding pipe orifices 603, and the lower part of the screen body is provided with a discharging port 604; the upper part of the screen body is provided with a shaft bracket 605, a rotatable sleeve 606 extending into the screen body is arranged at the lower part of the shaft bracket 605, a disc 607 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the sleeve 606, a plurality of fins 608 are annularly distributed on the sleeve 606 at the lower side of the disc 607, and a spiral pulling piece 609 is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the sleeve 606; a shell 610 with soil collecting intervals is arranged around the screen body, a soil outlet 611 is arranged at the lower part of the shell 610, and a circular screen sheet 612 is arranged at the upper part of the cylindrical screen 601; the transmission mechanism 2 comprises a triaxial gear reverser 201 arranged at the front upper part of the frame 1 and a biaxial gear reverser 205 arranged at the middle upper part of the frame 1, the triaxial gear reverser 201 comprises a front extending shaft 202, a rear extending shaft 203 and a side extending shaft 204, the biaxial gear reverser 205 comprises a front extending shaft 206 and a side extending shaft 207, the front extending shaft 202 of the triaxial gear reverser 201 is a power input shaft connected with a rear output shaft of the power locomotive, and the side extending shaft 204 of the triaxial gear reverser 201 drives the pickup roller 502 to rotate through a belt transmission mechanism; the rear extension shaft 203 of the triaxial gear reverser 201 is connected to the front extension shaft 206 of the biaxial gear reverser 205 through a universal coupling 208, and the side extension shaft 207 of the biaxial gear reverser 205 drives the main shaft 7 to rotate through a chain transmission mechanism.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and that the simple modification and equivalent substitution of the technical solution of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a screening machine is smashed in straw pick up, it includes frame and drive mechanism, its characterized in that: the two sides of the frame are respectively provided with a crushing and throwing mechanism sharing a main shaft, the crushing and throwing mechanism comprises a shell consisting of a shell, an inner end face and an outer end cover, a discharging cylinder is arranged at the upper part of the shell, a screen cylinder is fixedly arranged on the inner end face in the shell, a feeding port is arranged in the center of the inner end face in the screen cylinder, and a plurality of fixed blades are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the screen cylinder; a rotor is arranged in the shell and comprises a disc fixedly arranged at the outer end of the main shaft, and a plurality of movable blades extending into the inside of the screen cylinder in an annular distribution and a plurality of fins extending into the outside of the screen cylinder in an annular distribution are arranged on the disc; a machine frame between the two crushing and throwing mechanisms is provided with a straw conveying mechanism, the straw conveying mechanism comprises two feeding grooves which are arranged in parallel left and right, the main shafts penetrate through the two feeding grooves, and spiral sheets which are opposite in direction and feed to feeding ports on two sides are respectively arranged on the main shafts in the two feeding grooves; a straw pickup mechanism is arranged at the front part of the frame and comprises an arc-shaped cover arranged at the front part of the frame, a pickup roller is arranged below the arc-shaped cover, and a plurality of cutting pickup curved knives are hinged on the pickup roller; the rear part of the frame is provided with a soil screening mechanism, the soil screening mechanism comprises a screen body formed by an upper cylindrical screen and a lower conical screen, the upper part of the screen body is provided with two feeding pipe orifices which form tangential angles with the conical screen, the discharging cylinders of the two crushing and throwing mechanisms are respectively communicated with the two feeding pipe orifices, and the lower part of the screen body is provided with a discharging hole; the upper part of the screen body is provided with a shaft bracket, the lower part of the shaft bracket is provided with a rotatable sleeve or rotating shaft which extends into the screen body, the upper end of the sleeve or rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a disc, the sleeve or rotating shaft on the lower side of the disc is annularly provided with a plurality of fins, and the lower part of the sleeve or rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a spiral plectrum; a shell with soil collecting intervals is arranged around the sieve body, and a soil outlet is arranged at the lower part of the shell; the transmission mechanism comprises a triaxial gear commutator and a biaxial gear commutator, the triaxial gear commutator comprises a front extension shaft, a rear extension shaft and a side extension shaft, the biaxial gear commutator comprises a front extension shaft and a side extension shaft, the front extension shaft of the triaxial gear commutator is a power input shaft connected with a rear output shaft of the power locomotive, and the side extension shaft of the triaxial gear commutator drives the pick-up roller to rotate through a belt transmission mechanism or a chain transmission mechanism; the rear extension shaft of the triaxial gear commutator is connected with the front extension shaft of the biaxial gear commutator through a universal coupling, and the side extension shaft of the biaxial gear commutator drives the main shaft to rotate through a belt transmission mechanism or a chain transmission mechanism; a round screen plate is arranged at the upper part of the cylinder screen.
2. The straw-picking, crushing and screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a traction frame is arranged at the front part of the frame.
3. The straw-picking, crushing and screening machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: two travelling wheels are arranged at the middle and rear parts of the frame.
4. A machine for picking up, crushing and screening straw according to claim 3, characterized in that: a material receiving platform is arranged at the rear part of the frame.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910261371.8A CN109874516B (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2019-04-02 | Straw picking, crushing and screening machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910261371.8A CN109874516B (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2019-04-02 | Straw picking, crushing and screening machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109874516A CN109874516A (en) | 2019-06-14 |
| CN109874516B true CN109874516B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
Family
ID=66935815
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910261371.8A Active CN109874516B (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2019-04-02 | Straw picking, crushing and screening machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109874516B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113973596B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2023-04-11 | 南京工业职业技术大学 | Grinding device is smashed in grades to straw |
| CN113973595B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2023-05-02 | 南京工业职业技术大学 | Hierarchical crushing apparatus of living beings straw |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2250594C2 (en) * | 2003-03-03 | 2005-04-27 | Костромская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия | Pickup drum for agricultural crop stalks |
| CN202310620U (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-07-11 | 王国强 | Straw pick-up harvester |
| CN104322205A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-04 | 李海龙 | Stalk pickup and chopping machine |
| CN208317486U (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2019-01-04 | 四平市顺邦农机制造有限公司 | One kind is except native picking device |
| CN208402557U (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2019-01-22 | 张贵生 | Straw field pickup is crushed except native collection machine |
| CN209732055U (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-12-06 | 赤峰通泰机械有限公司 | Straw picking, crushing and screening machine |
-
2019
- 2019-04-02 CN CN201910261371.8A patent/CN109874516B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2250594C2 (en) * | 2003-03-03 | 2005-04-27 | Костромская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия | Pickup drum for agricultural crop stalks |
| CN202310620U (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-07-11 | 王国强 | Straw pick-up harvester |
| CN104322205A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-04 | 李海龙 | Stalk pickup and chopping machine |
| CN208317486U (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2019-01-04 | 四平市顺邦农机制造有限公司 | One kind is except native picking device |
| CN208402557U (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2019-01-22 | 张贵生 | Straw field pickup is crushed except native collection machine |
| CN209732055U (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-12-06 | 赤峰通泰机械有限公司 | Straw picking, crushing and screening machine |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN109874516A (en) | 2019-06-14 |
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