CN109861334A - Lithium battery balance control method - Google Patents
Lithium battery balance control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109861334A CN109861334A CN201910146398.2A CN201910146398A CN109861334A CN 109861334 A CN109861334 A CN 109861334A CN 201910146398 A CN201910146398 A CN 201910146398A CN 109861334 A CN109861334 A CN 109861334A
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N (3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1C=CC(C(O)=O)=C[C@H]1O HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides lithium battery balance control method, is related to energy technology field, and using two-way isolated converter and the ON-OFF control circuit of the CPU equipped with embedded control software, ON-OFF control circuit control polarity selection switching group and battery selector switch group.Using the polar selecting switch group and battery selector switch group for realizing dynamic equalization, the charge and discharge device number of devices and complexity in circuits of battery management system are significantly reduced, it is easier to which scale implements and application.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to energy technology field more particularly to a kind of lithium battery balance control methods.
Background technique:
Electric car is integrated typical of the energy, machinery, automobile, electronics, computer, a variety of new and high technologies of information technology
High-and-new science and technology product.Currently, the key technology developed and develop electric car mainly has rechargeable battery, motor and electricity
Motivation control, vehicle body and chassis design and energy management technology etc..Wherein as the power producer of electric car, chargeable electricity
Pond always is the key technology element of Development of Electric Vehicles.The main performance index of rechargeable battery for electric vehicle is than energy
Amount, specific power, energy density, cycle life and cost etc..
More and more electric cars and hybrid vehicle begin to use lithium battery group as energy-storage travelling wave tube now, lithium from
Sub- battery is high with specific energy compared with the batteries such as lead-acid battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, specific power is high, has extended cycle life, with wider
Charge power range and the advantages that good multiplying power discharging property, and the raw material for manufacturing battery are nontoxic and pollution-free, become global electricity
Employ the automobile primary secondary cell to be used.
As the energy crisis in the whole world is more and more fiery, the application of new secondary battery lithium ion battery is more and more wider, especially
It is the application of large and medium-sized Li-ion batteries piles.But since Li-ion batteries piles are in modularization, so can lead in practical applications
The new problem such as security performance and battery cycle life is related to, if these problems cannot solve in time, it will restrict lithium
The application of ion battery group.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in overcoming the defects of the prior art, and the present invention proposes that a kind of lithium battery is equal
The control system that weighs and method.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized using following technical scheme.
Lithium battery balance control method, using two-way isolated converter and CPU equipped with embedded control software is opened
Control circuit is closed, ON-OFF control circuit controls polarity selection switching group and battery selector switch group；
Mainly realized by following four step:
(1) by each single battery voltage in the battery pack of embedded control software detection each group sequential series；
(2) the position number of the single battery too low or too high for voltage of independent charge or discharge is needed by CPU judgement；
(3) control command is issued by CPU, control gates corresponding polar selecting switch group and collection bus is carried out polarity change
It changes, while controlling the corresponding battery selector switch group of gating and carrying out polarities match, and controlling two-way isolated converter operative orientation,
The single battery too low or too high for voltage for needing independent charge and discharge is linked into charge or discharge in collection bus, realizes energy
Transfer；
(4) three above step is repeated, until each single battery voltage in the battery pack of each group sequential series is being set
Allowable error within the scope of, reach dynamic equalization.
The beneficial effect that the innovation point is compared with the prior art is:
Using the polar selecting switch group and battery selector switch group for realizing dynamic equalization, cell tube is significantly reduced
The charge and discharge device number of devices and complexity in circuits of reason system, it is easier to which scale implements and application.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is method for dynamically balancing step schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is traditional energy consumption balance circuit diagram.
Specific embodiment:
In order to be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, tie below
Specific embodiments and the drawings are closed, the present invention is further explained.
Since batteries of electric automobile group is scattered in the car by cabinet, so entire Energy Management System is to be based on
The distributed embedded systems of bus are framework, and the acquisition of Energy Management System internal data, Energy Management System and charging are mechanical, electrical
The communication of machine and entire car controller uses CAN bus.
BMU is monitored cell voltage, needs to have following characteristic:
1, communication interface
BMU needs will collect voltage and temperature data is transferred to EMS main control unit, and traditional communication modes are to pass through string
Row transmission or CAN bus transmission.
2, RS485 interfaces
During BMU production, test and maintenance, need to read or modify by host computer the data and configuration of BMU
Parameter.Realize that the function, application layer are based on MODBUS agreement by RS485 serial communication in scheme.
3, multiple power source isolation module
BMU needs to be monitored more piece monomer battery voltage, while also to be communicated with external equipments such as host computers,
In order to avoid the coupled interference between different systems, the power supply to communication module is needed to carry out with each voltage acquisition point multiple
Isolation.The isolated from power for realizing communication module in scheme by small-power DCDC power module realizes more strings by high-speed isolated
Join the isolation of battery.
4, monomer voltage acquisition interface
BMU is connected single-chip microcontroller and battery by acquisition interface, and voltage acquisition module passes through high precision collecting chip
The voltage of each single battery is sent to host CPU interface after amplifier is handled and carries out data conversion.
5, temperature acquisition interface
Since the temperature of battery has important reference value to the Performance Evaluation of battery, it is therefore desirable to flexible configuration temperature
Number of probes acquires the temperature of each single battery.The thermistor temperature sensor based on NTC variation characteristic is selected in scheme
Realize the function, precision controlling is at ± 1 DEG C.
Management system main control unit (CMU) hardware design, EMS main control unit (CMU) main task are real-time obtain respectively
The data of BMU, and battery state estimation and each external equipment are communicated or controlled according to data, while should also be had
The ability to save historical data.
1, CAN interface
CAN bus has become the standard communication interface of automotive field, in order to complete and charger and entire car controller
Communication, EMS main control unit must provide CAN interface.On the basis of CAN bus, network layer protocol is based on CAN2.0B, application
Layer protocol is based on SAE J1939.
2, current detecting unit
In order to predict the cruising ability of battery pack, need to monitor the electric current of battery pack in real time.It will by Hall sensor
Current value is converted into can be obtained the size of current value after voltage value after Chip Microcomputer A/D C processing.Current detection function is simultaneously
It lays a good foundation for the power regulation of charge and discharge.The dynamic equalization circuit of battery management system, including at least one for realizing
The two-way isolated converter of energy transfer, the positive input of two-way isolated converter are connect with total bus, by the energy of total bus
Change of variable is positive, negative voltage exports, and the quantity of battery pack of quantity and sequential series of two-way isolated converter is identical, to corresponding
The battery packs of at least one set of sequential series be managed.
3, other satellite interfaces
Main control unit further includes RS485 interface, USB interface, wireless communication interface, Insulation monitoring unit, stagnation pressure detection list
The functional modules such as member.
At runtime, the electric discharge and charging of battery are pulse working mode, high current arteries and veins for hybrid power and electric car
Punching be likely to result in over-charging of battery or it is deep put, so battery management system to the forecasting accuracy of battery SOC (state-of-charge) just
Seem particularly significant, if forecasting inaccuracy, be easy to cause overcharging or putting deeply for battery, influence the service life of battery.
In relation to lithium battery management system, there are many schemes in the market.The most commonly used is use energy consumption balance circuit, such as Fig. 2,
It is simple and practical, by the voltage-stabiliser tube Dl, Dn of the Sl ... ... Sn respectively as switch or other control circuits, in single battery BTl
Or when BTn overtension, the bypass branch of turn on automatically single battery BT1 or BTn provide shunting, make to flow through battery BTl or
The electric current of BTn reduces, and avoids battery BTl or BTn over-voltage, defect is that energy loss is big, and resistance needs to radiate, and is only used for small
In power circuit；Energy transfer formula balancing circuitry can be used in high and medium power circuit, be dedicated for too low electricity by translation circuit
Piezoelectric battery 2 individually charges, or is dedicated for too high voltages battery 5 by translation circuit and individually discharges, to make each single-unit electricity
For 1 one 6 voltage of pond all in controlled range, defect is to be only used for the concatenated circuit of a small amount of battery, and otherwise, translation circuit uses
Too many two-way switch and its control circuit, cost is excessively high, and the transformer tapping of translation circuit is too many, it is difficult to which scale is real
It applies and applies.
In order to make up drawbacks described above, the present invention is designed using two-way isolated converter and equipped with embedded control software
The ON-OFF control circuit of CPU, ON-OFF control circuit control polarity selection switching group and battery selector switch group.
Mainly realized by following four step: such as Fig. 1,
(1) by each single battery voltage in the battery pack of embedded control software detection each group sequential series；
(2) the position number of the single battery too low or too high for voltage of independent charge or discharge is needed by CPU judgement；
(3) control command is issued by CPU, control gates corresponding polar selecting switch group and collection bus is carried out polarity change
It changes, while controlling the corresponding battery selector switch group of gating and carrying out polarities match, and controlling two-way isolated converter operative orientation,
The single battery too low or too high for voltage for needing independent charge and discharge is linked into charge or discharge in collection bus, realizes energy
Transfer；
(4) three above step is repeated, until each single battery voltage in the battery pack of each group sequential series is being set
Allowable error within the scope of, reach dynamic equalization.
Step-type equilibrium is taken in equilibrium.Balanced step-length is not only related with required equilibrium quantity, also can be according to operating condition
Variation and be adjusted.Balanced step-length determines.Since there is no the adjustings of electric current for scheme, so balanced step-length is basically
It is related with required equilibrium quantity, but can be also adjusted, influence factor according to the variation of operating condition further include: locating for battery pack
The factors such as SOC stage, inconsistent degree level.Each factor has an impact time for balance step-length below.
1, SOC influence.Less, batteries monomer AH just has very big for the smooth section battery cell voltage variation of charge and discharge
Difference.Balanced step-length should just take a little bit smaller at this time, can cope with this quick variation between monomer faster in this way, and
Each monomer is carried out in time balanced.The critical point of the end SOC is generally set as 20% and 80%.
2, the influence of inconsistent degree.The degree of irregularity for referring mainly to cell voltage can then reduce when its value is bigger
Weigh step-length, accelerates to calculate frequency.Herein judge critical point for 10mV.
Equal balance system is balanced using efficient lossless；
Balance policy in equal balance system is that centralized monomer mends electrical equalization；
Equal balance system can carry out equilibrium under battery power discharge state or charged state；
Equal balance system does not damage single battery and in the case where out of control or failure to the normal use of battery pack
Do not influence.
Basic principles and main features and advantages of the present invention of the invention have been shown and described above.The skill of the industry
Art personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, the above embodiments and description only describe
The principle of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these
Changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and
Its equivalent thereof.
Claims (2)
1. lithium battery balance control method, it is characterised in that: using two-way isolated converter and be equipped with embedded control software
CPU ON-OFF control circuit, ON-OFF control circuit controls polarity selection switching group and battery selector switch group.
2. lithium battery balance control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: this method mainly passes through following four
A step is realized:
(1) by each single battery voltage in the battery pack of embedded control software detection each group sequential series；
(2) the position number of the single battery too low or too high for voltage of independent charge or discharge is needed by CPU judgement；
(3) control command is issued by CPU, control gates corresponding polar selecting switch group and collection bus is carried out reversal, together
When control gate corresponding battery selector switch group and carry out polarities match, and control two-way isolated converter operative orientation, need to
It wants the single battery too low or too high for voltage of independent charge and discharge to be linked into charge or discharge in collection bus, realizes that energy turns
It moves；
(4) three above step is repeated, until the permitting in setting of each single battery voltage in the battery pack of each group sequential series
Perhaps in error range, reach dynamic equalization.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910146398.2A CN109861334A (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2019-02-27 | Lithium battery balance control method |
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| CN201910146398.2A CN109861334A (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2019-02-27 | Lithium battery balance control method |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101917047A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-15 | 深圳市科列技术有限公司 | Method and circuit for dynamically equalizing battery management system |
| WO2013005440A2 (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Cell equalization control system |
| CN104953684A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-30 | 深圳市科列技术股份有限公司 | Dynamic equalization circuit of battery management system and dynamic equalization method of dynamic equalization circuit |
| CN105429225A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-03-23 | 深圳市科列技术股份有限公司 | Dynamic balance circuit for battery management system and dynamic balance method for battery management system |
| CN106471699A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2017-03-01 | 深圳市科列技术股份有限公司 | A kind of dynamic equalization circuit of battery management system and its method for dynamically balancing |
-
2019
- 2019-02-27 CN CN201910146398.2A patent/CN109861334A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101917047A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-15 | 深圳市科列技术有限公司 | Method and circuit for dynamically equalizing battery management system |
| WO2013005440A2 (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Cell equalization control system |
| CN104953684A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-30 | 深圳市科列技术股份有限公司 | Dynamic equalization circuit of battery management system and dynamic equalization method of dynamic equalization circuit |
| CN105429225A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-03-23 | 深圳市科列技术股份有限公司 | Dynamic balance circuit for battery management system and dynamic balance method for battery management system |
| CN106471699A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2017-03-01 | 深圳市科列技术股份有限公司 | A kind of dynamic equalization circuit of battery management system and its method for dynamically balancing |
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Application publication date: 20190607 |
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