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CN109860270B - Display panel and display device - Google Patents

Display panel and display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109860270B
CN109860270B CN201910257648.XA CN201910257648A CN109860270B CN 109860270 B CN109860270 B CN 109860270B CN 201910257648 A CN201910257648 A CN 201910257648A CN 109860270 B CN109860270 B CN 109860270B
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light
display panel
light emitting
emitting element
area
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CN109860270A (en
Inventor
刘敏
韩立静
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Wuhan Tianma Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Shanghai Tianma AM OLED Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a display panel and a display device, the display panel includes: the display area comprises a camera shooting area and a non-camera shooting area, and the camera shooting area is a transparent display area; the light emitting element is positioned in the display area and emits light towards the light emitting side of the display panel; the optical diaphragm set is positioned on one side, away from the light emitting side, of the light emitting element in the image pickup area and positioned between the light emitting element and the image pickup equipment, the optical diaphragm set comprises a linear polarizer and a quarter-wave plate, and the quarter-wave plate is positioned between the linear polarizer and the image pickup equipment; when the display panel is in a shooting state, the light-emitting element of the shooting area does not emit light, the shooting area is in a transparent state, and the shooting equipment shoots light rays passing through the shooting area; when the display panel is in a non-shooting state, the light-emitting elements in the shooting area are in a normal display state. The invention provides a display panel and a display device, which are used for realizing full-screen display of the display panel.

Description

Display panel and display device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display panel and a display device.
Background
With the development of display technologies, display devices (such as mobile phones) are increasingly developed toward an ultra-large screen ratio (i.e., a ratio of a display area to a front surface of the entire display device), even full-screen display, and therefore, how to improve the screen ratio of the display device becomes a research focus of those skilled in the art.
Some devices in the display device (such as a front camera unit, a light sensor, a distance sensor, a biosensor, etc.) need to be oriented to the front of the display device and can acquire information in the environment in order to ensure that the devices can work normally.
However, the position of the 'punching' still occupies a certain screen proportion, and the front surface of the mobile phone still has a non-display area, which affects the screen proportion of the mobile phone.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a display panel and a display device, which are used for realizing full-screen display of the display panel.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display panel, including:
the display area comprises a camera shooting area and a non-camera shooting area, and the camera shooting area is a transparent display area;
the light emitting element is positioned in the display area and emits light towards the light emitting side of the display panel;
the optical diaphragm set is positioned on one side, away from the light emergent side, of the light emitting element in the image pickup area and positioned between the light emitting element and image pickup equipment, the optical diaphragm set comprises a linear polarizer and a quarter-wave plate, and the quarter-wave plate is positioned between the linear polarizer and the image pickup equipment; wherein,
when the display panel is in a shooting state, the light-emitting element of the shooting area does not emit light, the shooting area is in a transparent state, and the shooting equipment shoots light rays passing through the shooting area;
when the display panel is in a non-shooting state, the light-emitting element in the shooting area is in a normal display state.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display device, including the display panel described in the first aspect.
The display panel provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a camera shooting area, and the camera shooting area is a transparent display area. When the display panel is in a shooting state, the light-emitting element in the shooting area does not emit light, the shooting area is in a transparent state, and the shooting equipment shoots light rays passing through the shooting area. When the display panel is in a non-shooting state, the light-emitting elements in the shooting area are in a normal display state. Therefore, a non-display area does not need to be reserved for the camera equipment, and full-screen display of the display panel is achieved. Further, an optical film group is further provided between the light emitting element and the image pickup apparatus, the optical film group includes a linear polarizer and a quarter-wave plate, and at least part of stray light reflected by the image pickup apparatus is blocked by the optical film group and is not visible to human eyes, thereby realizing that the outline of the image pickup apparatus is not displayed in a normal display state.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the direction AA' in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a light path diagram of the light rays propagating in FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the region S in FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another display panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of a portion of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top view of a portion of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic top view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the direction AA' in fig. 1, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the display panel includes a display area 100, the display area 100 includes an image pickup area 101 and a non-image pickup area 102, and the image pickup area 101 is a transparent display area. The display panel in the transparent display area can realize two functions of transparency and display. An image pickup apparatus 40 may be provided in the image pickup area 101, and the image pickup apparatus 40 may be, for example, a front-facing image pickup unit. The display panel includes a light emitting element 20 and an optical film group 30. The light emitting element 20 is located in the display area 100 and emits light toward the light emitting side of the display panel (the wide arrow in fig. 1 illustrates the light emitting direction of the display panel). The optical film group 30 is located on the side of the light emitting element 20 in the image pickup region 101, which is away from the light emitting side, and is located between the light emitting element 20 and the image pickup apparatus 40, the optical film group 30 includes a linear polarizer 31 and a quarter-wave plate 32, and the quarter-wave plate 32 is located between the linear polarizer 31 and the image pickup apparatus 40. When the display panel is in a shooting state, the light-emitting element 20 of the image pickup area 101 does not emit light, the image pickup area 101 is in a transparent state, and the image pickup device 40 picks up light passing through the image pickup area 101 to obtain an external image. When the display panel is in the non-photographing state, the light emitting elements 20 in the image pickup area 101 are in the normal display state. It should be noted that the display panel may include a plurality of light emitting elements 20 arranged in an array, and fig. 1 only illustrates the positions of the film layers where the light emitting elements 20 are located, and the light emitting elements 20 are not shown one by one.
When the display panel is in the non-shooting state, the light emitting elements 20 in the image pickup area 101 are in the normal display state, the light emitting elements 20 in the image pickup area 101 emit light toward the light emitting side of the display panel, and the light emitting elements 20 in the image pickup area 101 emit light away from the light emitting side of the display panel. Light rays emitted from the light-emitting side of the light-emitting element 20 of the image pickup region 101 away from the display panel and ambient light (e.g., sunlight) are referred to as stray light, and after the stray light is irradiated to the image pickup apparatus 40, a part is absorbed by the image pickup apparatus 40 and a part is reflected by the image pickup apparatus 40. Without providing the optical film group 30, stray light reflected by the image pickup apparatus 40 will propagate to the light exit side of the display panel and be visible to the human eye, thereby revealing the outline of the image pickup apparatus 40, affecting the display effect. In the case where the optical film group 30 is provided, at least part of stray light reflected by the image pickup apparatus 40 is blocked by the optical film group 30 from being visible to the human eye, thereby achieving that the outline of the image pickup apparatus 40 is not displayed in a normal display state.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of the light path of the light ray propagation shown in fig. 2, and referring to fig. 2 and 3, for clarity, the following is a brief description of the process of blocking the stray light by the optical film set 30, taking the quarter-wave plate 32 made of calcite material and the e-axis of the quarter-wave plate 32 at 45 ° to the polarization direction PP of the linear polarizer 31 (the e-axis and the o-axis are two optical axes of the crystal): when viewed along the light propagation direction, a beam of unpolarized light enters the display panel, the unpolarized light passes through the linear polarizer 31 and then becomes linearly polarized light with the polarization direction parallel to the transmission direction PP, then the linearly polarized light passes through the quarter-wave plate 32 and then becomes left circularly polarized light, the left circularly polarized light is reflected by the camera 40 and then is emitted in the opposite direction, the left circularly polarized light is viewed along the light propagation direction and then becomes right circularly polarized light, the right circularly polarized light passes through the quarter-wave plate 32 and then becomes linearly polarized light with the polarization direction perpendicular to the transmission direction PP, and the linearly polarized light with the polarization direction perpendicular to the transmission direction PP is completely absorbed by the linear polarizer 31 and cannot pass through the linear polarizer 31.
The display panel provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a camera shooting area, and the camera shooting area is a transparent display area. When the display panel is in a shooting state, the light-emitting element in the shooting area does not emit light, the shooting area is in a transparent state, and the shooting equipment shoots light rays passing through the shooting area. When the display panel is in a non-shooting state, the light-emitting elements in the shooting area are in a normal display state. Therefore, a non-display area does not need to be reserved for the camera equipment, and full-screen display of the display panel is achieved. Further, an optical film group is further provided between the light emitting element and the image pickup apparatus, the optical film group includes a linear polarizer and a quarter-wave plate, and at least part of stray light reflected by the image pickup apparatus is blocked by the optical film group and is not visible to human eyes, thereby realizing that the outline of the image pickup apparatus is not displayed in a normal display state.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 2, the perpendicular projection of the image pickup apparatus 40 on the plane of the light emitting element 20 is located within the perpendicular projection of the optical film group 30 on the plane of the light emitting element 20. That is, the optical diaphragm group 30 covers the entirety of the image pickup apparatus 40, so that all stray light reflected by the image pickup apparatus 40 needs to pass through the optical diaphragm group 30, thereby ensuring that the optical diaphragm group 30 has a good filtering effect on the stray light. In other embodiments, the optical film set 30 may be further disposed to cover a partial region of the image capturing apparatus 40, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 2, the display panel includes a substrate base 10, and the image pickup device 40 is located on a side of the substrate base 10 facing away from the light emitting element 20.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 2, the optical film group 30 is disposed between the substrate base plate 10 and the image pickup apparatus 40. The optical film group 30 may be attached to a surface of the base substrate 10 on a side away from the light-emitting element 20, for example. The components such as the light emitting element 20 are fabricated on the base substrate 10 to form an independent display module, and the independent optical film group 30 is attached to and assembled with the independent display module. In other embodiments, the optical film assembly 30 may also be integrated into a display module, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 4, the optical film set 30 further includes a half-wave plate 33, and the half-wave plate 33 is located between the linear polarizer 31 and the quarter-wave plate 32. Illustratively, since the human eye is most sensitive to green light, both the half-wave plate 33 and the quarter-wave plate 32 may be designed according to the wavelength of green light. The half wave plate 33 and the quarter wave plate 32 are designed, for example, on the basis of green light of a wavelength of 550 nm. It will be appreciated that solar light is a polychromatic light, comprising successive wavelengths, and that the plurality of light-emitting elements 20 may emit light of different colors, for example red, green and blue. The green light with the wavelength of 550nm penetrates through the optical film group 30 to form circularly polarized light along the direction departing from the light emitting side of the display panel, and the light with other wavelengths penetrates through the optical film group 30 to form elliptically polarized light along the direction departing from the light emitting side of the display panel. Light of other wavelengths refers to light outside the wavelength of 550 nm. The green light with the wavelength of 550nm is reflected and then permeates the optical film set 30 again to be completely blocked, the light with other wavelengths is reflected and then permeates the optical film set 30 again to be partially blocked, part of the light still transmits to the light-emitting side of the display panel and is visible to human eyes, and the light with the larger difference between the wavelength and 550nm is less likely to be blocked by the optical film set 30. In the embodiment of the present invention, the half-wave plate 33 is disposed between the quarter-wave plate 32 and the linear polarizer 31 to balance the blocking effect of the optical film set 30 on the red light, the green light and the blue light, so as to intercept the stray light to the greatest extent.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the invention, and referring to fig. 5, an optical film set 30 is located between the substrate 10 and the light emitting device 20. In the process of fabricating components such as the light emitting device 20 on the substrate 10 to form a display module, the optical film assembly 30 may be integrated into the display module.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the invention, and referring to fig. 6, the display panel includes a thin film transistor array 50 for controlling the light emitting elements 20 of the display area 100, and the optical film set 30 is located between the thin film transistor array 50 and the substrate 10. The thin film transistor array 50 may include a plurality of thin film transistors arranged in an array, and the thin film transistors electrically connected to the light emitting elements 20 control the light emitting states of the light emitting elements 20. Fig. 6 only illustrates the positions of the thin film transistors in the thin film transistor array 50, and the thin film transistors in the thin film transistor array 50 are not shown one by one.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic structural diagram of the region S in fig. 6, and referring to fig. 6 and 7, the thin film transistor array 50 includes a plurality of thin film transistors 51 (illustrated by 2 thin film transistors 51 in fig. 7). In the non-imaging region 102, the light emitting element 20 includes an anode 201, an organic light emitting structure 202, and a cathode 203. The anode 201 is a reflective electrode, and the anode 201 may include, for example, silver and indium tin oxide. The cathode 203 is a semi-reflective and semi-permeable electrode, and the cathode 203 may include, for example, a silver-magnesium alloy. Under the common driving of the anode 201 and the cathode 203, the light generated by the organic light emitting structure 202 and directed to the cathode 203 is emitted through the cathode 203, and the light generated by the organic light emitting structure 202 and directed to the anode 201 is reflected by the anode 201 and then emitted through the cathode 203. A source or a drain of the thin film transistor 51 may be electrically connected to the anode 201, and control a light emitting state of the light emitting element 20. In the imaging region 101 (not shown in fig. 7), transparent electrodes may be used for both the cathode 201 and the anode 203, and the cathode 201 and the anode 203 may include, for example, indium tin oxide, so that the imaging region 101 is in a transparent state when the light-emitting element 20 of the imaging region 101 does not emit light.
Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 8, a substrate 10 is a flexible substrate, the flexible substrate includes a first flexible substrate 11 and a second flexible substrate 12, the first flexible substrate 11 is located on a side of the second flexible substrate 12 away from the light emitting element 20, and an optical film group 30 is located between the first flexible substrate 11 and the second flexible substrate 12. The second flexible substrate 12 is spaced between the light emitting element 20 and the optical film set 30, and the second flexible substrate 12 has a planarization function, so that adverse effects of the optical film set 30 on the light emitting element 20 are avoided.
Fig. 9 is a top view of a partial structure of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 9, a light emitting area of a light emitting element 20 in an image capturing region 101 is larger than a light emitting area of a light emitting element 20 in a non-image capturing region 102, which has the same light emitting color. Since the electrodes in the image pickup area 101 are all transparent electrodes, a part of the light emitted from the light emitting side of the light emitting element 20 of the image pickup area 101 away from the display panel is absorbed by the image pickup device 40, and thus the light emission luminance of the image pickup area 101 is lower than that of the non-image pickup area 102 when a picture is displayed. In the embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting area of the light-emitting element 20 in the image pickup region 101 is set to be larger than the light-emitting area of the light-emitting element 20 in the non-image pickup region 102, so as to increase the light-emitting luminance of the light-emitting element 20 in the image pickup region 101, and the light-emitting luminance of the light-emitting element 20 in the image pickup region 101 is made to be consistent with the light-emitting luminance of the light-emitting element 20 in the same light-emitting color in the non-image pickup.
Exemplarily, referring to fig. 9, the display panel includes a plurality of light emitting elements 20 arrayed in an X direction and in a Y direction, and a region between adjacent two light emitting elements 20 is a non-light emitting region. The plurality of light emitting elements 20 include a first light emitting element 21, a second light emitting element 22, and a third light emitting element 23 located in the non-imaging region 102, and the plurality of light emitting elements 20 further include a fourth light emitting element 24, a fifth light emitting element 25, and a sixth light emitting element 26 located in the imaging region 101. The first light emitting element 21 and the fourth light emitting element 24 have the same emission color, and the first light emitting element 21 and the fourth light emitting element 24 emit red light. The second light emitting element 22 and the fifth light emitting element 25 have the same emission color, and the second light emitting element 22 and the fifth light emitting element 25 emit green light. The third light emitting element 23 and the sixth light emitting element 26 have the same emission color, and the third light emitting element 23 and the sixth light emitting element 26 emit blue light. The light emitting area of the fourth light emitting element 24 is larger than that of the first light emitting element 21, the light emitting area of the fifth light emitting element 25 is larger than that of the second light emitting element 22, and the light emitting area of the sixth light emitting element 26 is larger than that of the third light emitting element 23.
Fig. 10 is a top view of a partial structure of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 10, a distance between adjacent light emitting elements 20 in the image capturing region 101 is greater than a distance between adjacent light emitting elements 20 in the non-image capturing region 102. Compared with the light-emitting elements 20 in the non-image-pickup region 102, the adjacent light-emitting elements 20 in the image-pickup region 101 have larger intervals, and the adjacent thin film transistors and other components in the image-pickup region 101 for driving the light-emitting elements 20 also have larger intervals, so that the blocking of the thin film transistors and other components to light is reduced, the transmittance of the image-pickup region 101 can be improved, and the image pickup accuracy is improved.
For example, referring to fig. 10, the repetition of fig. 9 will not be described herein. In the non-imaging region 102, the distance between two adjacent light-emitting elements 20 in the X direction is W1, and the distance between two adjacent light-emitting elements 20 in the Y direction is H1. The distance between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 in the X direction is the distance between the edges of two adjacent light emitting elements 20 adjacent to each other in the X direction, and the distance between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 in the Y direction is the distance between the edges of two adjacent light emitting elements 20 adjacent to each other in the Y direction. In the imaging region 101, the distance between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 in the X direction is W2, and the distance between two adjacent light emitting elements 20 in the Y direction is H2. H1 ═ H2, W1 < W2. In other embodiments, H1 < H2, W1 ═ W2; or H1 < H2, W1 < W2, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic top view structure diagram of the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 11, the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel 200 according to any embodiment of the present invention, which may be a mobile phone as shown in fig. 11, or a computer, a television, an intelligent wearable device, and the like, and this is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements, combinations and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. A display panel, comprising:
the display area comprises a camera shooting area and a non-camera shooting area, and the camera shooting area is a transparent display area;
the light emitting element is positioned in the display area and emits light towards the light emitting side of the display panel;
the optical diaphragm set is positioned on one side, away from the light emergent side, of the light emitting element in the image pickup area and positioned between the light emitting element and image pickup equipment, the optical diaphragm set comprises a linear polarizer and a quarter-wave plate, and the quarter-wave plate is positioned between the linear polarizer and the image pickup equipment; wherein,
when the display panel is in a shooting state, the light-emitting element of the shooting area does not emit light, the shooting area is in a transparent state, and the shooting equipment shoots light rays passing through the shooting area;
when the display panel is in a non-shooting state, the light-emitting element of the shooting area is in a normal display state;
the optical film set further comprises a half wave plate, and the half wave plate is positioned between the linear polarizer and the quarter wave plate;
the light-emitting area of the light-emitting element in the image pickup region is larger than the light-emitting area of the light-emitting element which presents the same light-emitting color in the non-image pickup region.
2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein a perpendicular projection of the image pickup apparatus on a plane in which the light emitting element is located is within a perpendicular projection of the optical film group on a plane in which the light emitting element is located.
3. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the display panel comprises a substrate base, and the image pickup apparatus is located on a side of the substrate base facing away from the light emitting element.
4. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein the optical film group is provided between the substrate base plate and the image pickup apparatus.
5. The display panel of claim 3, wherein the set of optical films is between the substrate base and the light emitting elements.
6. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein the display panel comprises a thin film transistor array for controlling light emitting elements of the display region, and the optical film group is located between the thin film transistor array and the substrate base plate.
7. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein the substrate is a flexible substrate, the flexible substrate comprises a first flexible substrate and a second flexible substrate, the first flexible substrate is located on a side of the second flexible substrate away from the light-emitting element, and the optical film group is located between the first flexible substrate and the second flexible substrate.
8. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein a pitch between adjacent light emitting elements in the image pickup region is larger than a pitch between adjacent light emitting elements in the non-image pickup region.
9. A display device characterized by comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
CN201910257648.XA 2019-04-01 2019-04-01 Display panel and display device Active CN109860270B (en)

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