CN109867539B - Sleeve type anti-blocking aeration spray head for aeration of large composting facility and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sleeve type anti-blocking aeration spray head for aeration of a large-scale composting facility and a method thereof, which belong to the technical field of composting aeration and are suitable for horizontal continuous plug-flow type composting reactors. The anti-blocking aeration spray head comprises a metal shell, an aeration plug and a metal base; the metal base comprises an inverted cone table-shaped pipe orifice, an inner pipe barrel, an inclined plane pipe wall and a base flange body; the aeration plug comprises a spherical plug head, an inverted cone plug body and a cylindrical plug tail aeration plug which are naturally placed on an inverted cone table-shaped pipe orifice; the metal shell comprises a spherical end socket, a shell cylinder body and a shell flange body, wherein a strip-shaped vent hole is formed in the side face of the shell cylinder body below the spherical end socket, and the shell flange body is connected with the base flange body through threads. The invention solves the problem of blockage of the aeration spray head, has simple structure and strong aging resistance, and is convenient to install, replace and clean.

Description

Nested anti-clogging aeration nozzles for aeration of large composting facilities and methods thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of compost aeration and is suitable for horizontal continuous push-flow compost reactors. Specifically, it relates to a sleeve-type anti-blocking aeration for aeration of large-scale composting facilities that uses a pneumatic flow-assisted method to achieve aeration inside the material. Air nozzle.

Background technique

In recent years, with the rapid growth of population and GDP, and the improvement of people's living standards, the generation of domestic waste has also increased rapidly. In order to avoid the dilemma of "garbage siege", various regions have responded to national policies to carry out waste classification, reduction and resource utilization. The main treatment method for perishable waste generated by garbage classification is aerobic fermentation and composting, which is an important means of source reduction and resource utilization. The quality of aerobic fermentation and composting technology is related to the specific effectiveness of waste classification, reduction and resource utilization.

At present, my country's aerobic fermentation composting process still has great problems in aeration. There are three main methods for internal aeration of materials in existing composting equipment: aeration with an aeration tube at the bottom of the reactor; aeration with air holes on the stirring shaft; and air aeration with air holes on the bottom plate. All three aeration methods have the problem of large aeration pressure loss, and materials or leachate can easily come into direct contact with the ventilation holes, causing blockage of the aeration device. The aeration effect is difficult to meet expectations, and the oxygen content inside the pile is low. Causes anaerobic fermentation, prolongs the fermentation cycle and produces a large amount of odorous gas. In addition, it is difficult to clean the aeration device after it is clogged. In order to achieve the expected aeration volume, more ventilation holes need to be opened, which indirectly increases the operation and maintenance costs of the aerobic composting equipment. In order to achieve effective aeration, it is necessary to avoid direct contact between the aeration device and the material, and consider issues such as the service life of the aeration device, installation, replacement and cleaning.

Contents of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a sleeve-type pneumatic anti-clogging aeration nozzle with a simple structure, long service life and easy installation, replacement and cleaning.

The technical solutions specifically adopted by the present invention are as follows:

A sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle used for aeration of large-scale composting facilities. The sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle includes a metal shell, an aeration plug and a metal base;

The metal base includes an inner tube cylinder, an expanded diameter cylinder and a base flange body. The outer diameter of the expanded diameter cylinder is larger than the outer diameter of the inner tube cylinder. The base flange body and the expanded diameter cylinder are the same. The shaft sleeve is located outside the inner tube cylinder, and the diameter-enlarged cylinder is placed on the upper surface of the base flange body; the inner tube cylinder has an air inlet pipe along the axial direction, and the top end of the air inlet pipe is provided with an inverted The top surface of the frustum-shaped nozzle is flush with the top surface of the inner tube;

The aeration plug includes a spherical plug head, an inverted conical plug body and a cylindrical plug tail. The spherical plug head is fixed on the top of the inverted conical plug body, and the cylindrical plug tail is fixed on the top of the inverted conical plug body. Bottom; the inverted conical plug body is naturally placed in the inverted frustum-shaped nozzle, and the sides of the two fit together at the same inclination angle; the outer diameter of the cylindrical plug tail is smaller than the inner diameter of the air inlet pipe;

The metal shell includes a spherical head, a shell cylinder and a shell flange body. The shell flange body is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the shell cylinder, and the bottom surfaces of the two are flush; the spherical head is sealed and fixed to the shell. The top of the cylinder; the side of the shell cylinder is provided with a number of ventilation holes;

The outer shell cylinder is assembled on the outside of the expanded diameter cylinder, and the outer shell flange body and the base flange body are fit and fixed; an annular cavity is left between the inner wall of the outer shell cylinder and the outer wall of the inner tube cylinder ; When the aeration plug is naturally placed, there is a space for the aeration plug to move up and down between the spherical plug head at the top and the inner wall of the spherical head.

Preferably, the base flange body is provided with a number of base screw holes in a circumferential direction, and the shell flange body is provided with a number of shell screw holes in a circumferential direction, and the base screw holes correspond to the shell screw holes one by one. The base flange body is connected to the shell flange body through threads.

Preferably, the vent hole is in a long strip shape.

Preferably, the number of the ventilation holes is 4, evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shell cylinder.

Preferably, the top of the side wall of the inner tube cylinder is connected to the outer wall of the expanded diameter cylinder through an annular inclined tube wall, and the inclined tube wall is inclined downward.

Furthermore, the bottom of the vent hole is not higher than the bottom end of the inclined pipe wall, so that the internal leachate can flow out through the vent hole under gravity.

Preferably, the material of the inverted tapered plug body is metal.

Preferably, the material of the spherical plug is rubber.

Preferably, the diameter of the bottom surface of the spherical plug is the same as the outer diameter of the inner tube cylinder.

Preferably, the assembly method between the outer shell cylinder and the expanded diameter cylinder is a transition fit.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a large-scale compost facility aeration method using the sleeve-type anti-blocking aeration nozzle described in any of the above solutions. The steps are as follows:

Install the sleeve-type anti-blocking aeration nozzle at the target position of the composting facility, and connect the bottom inlet of the air inlet pipe to the aeration pipe; during the non-aeration period, the inverted conical plug body relies on the gravity of the aeration plug It fits the inverted frustum-shaped pipe mouth to prevent materials in the composting facility from entering the inner tube cylinder and causing blockage of the air path; during the aeration period, the aeration gas enters the air inlet pipe and is aerated under the action of gas pressure. The plug is suspended in the air, causing the inverted conical plug body to separate from the inverted frustum-shaped nozzle to form a cone gap. The gas is sprayed outward along the cone gap and passes through the annular cavity between the inner wall of the outer shell and the outer wall of the inner tube. The vent holes are ejected to aerate the materials in the composting facility; the liquid in the annular cavity is discharged from the aeration nozzle through the vent holes; when the aeration stops, the aeration plug falls back to the aeration nozzle under the action of gravity. The inverted frustum-shaped nozzle prevents materials in the reactor from entering the inner tube cylinder again.

The aeration nozzle designed by the present invention relies on its own gravity to close the gas line nozzle when there is no air flow, preventing materials in the warehouse from entering the gas line nozzle and causing blockage. When there is gas passing through, it relies on the pressure of the air flow to aerate. The plugs lift up against gravity to form air flow channels for aeration. The invention solves the problem of clogging of aeration nozzles, has a relatively simple structure, strong anti-aging ability, and is easy to install, replace and clean.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle used for aeration in large-scale composting facilities according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic front structural view of a sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle used for aeration in large-scale composting facilities according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle used for aeration in large-scale composting facilities according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the metal base in the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the aeration plug in the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the metal shell in the present invention.

In the picture: 1: metal shell; 2: aeration plug; 3: metal base; 1.1: spherical head; 1.2: shell cylinder; 1.3: vent; 1.4: shell flange; 1.5: shell screw hole; 2.1 : Spherical plug head; 2.2: Inverted tapered plug body; 2.3: Cylindrical plug tail; 3.1: Inverted frustum-shaped nozzle; 3.2: Inner tube cylinder; 3.3: Inclined tube wall; 3.4: Expanded cylinder; 3.5 inlet Air pipe; 3.6: Base flange body; 3.7: Base screw hole; 3.8: Ventilation pipe joint.

Detailed ways

A sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle for aeration of large-scale composting facilities according to the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle for aeration of large-scale composting facilities is provided. The main components of the sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle include metal There are three parts: shell 1, aeration plug 2 and metal base 3. The metal shell 1 is detachably assembled on the metal base 3, and the aeration plug 2 is assembled between the two. Since the aeration nozzle is installed inside a composting facility such as a horizontal continuous push-flow composting reactor, it is in direct contact with the pile materials. During the composting process, a large amount of leachate and liquid decayed materials will be produced, which will easily pass through the aeration The stomata enter the aeration pipe, causing the air path to be blocked. The present invention uses this special structure of the anti-clogging aeration nozzle to achieve aeration inside the material while preventing clogging by using the pneumatic flow aid method. The specific structure of each part is introduced in detail below.

As shown in Figure 4, the metal base 3 includes an inner tube cylinder 3.2, an expanded diameter cylinder 3.4 and a base flange body 3.6. The base flange body 3.6 is a flat annular flange connector, while the inner tube cylinder 3.2 and the expanded diameter cylinder 3.4 are both hollow cylindrical cylinders, in which the outer diameter of the expanded diameter cylinder 3.4 is larger than the inner tube The outer diameter of the cylinder is 3.2. The base flange body 3.6 and the expanded diameter cylinder 3.4 are both coaxially sleeved on the outside of the inner tube cylinder 3.2, and the expanded diameter cylinder 3.4 is placed on the upper surface of the base flange body 3.6. The bottom of the inner tube cylinder 3.2 extends out of the bottom surface of the base flange body 3.6, and a vent pipe joint 3.8 can be provided to facilitate connection with the aeration pipe. The inner tube cylinder 3.2 has an air inlet pipe 3.5 along the axial direction. During installation, the external aeration pipe needs to be connected to the bottom inlet of the air inlet pipe 3.5, and the top end of the air inlet pipe 3.5 is provided with an inverted frustum-shaped nozzle 3.1. The gas is discharged through the inverted frustum-shaped nozzle 3.1. The top surface of the inverted frustum-shaped nozzle 3.1 is flush with the top surface of the inner tube cylinder 3.2. The function of the inverted frustum-shaped nozzle 3.1 is to cooperate with the aeration plug 2 to allow ventilation and prevent pipeline blockage.

As shown in Figure 5, the aeration plug 2 includes a spherical plug head 2.1, an inverted tapered plug body 2.2 and a cylindrical plug tail 2.3. The spherical plug head 2.1 is in the shape of a spherical gap, and the bottom surface is bonded and fixed to the inverted tapered plug body 2.2. At the top, the bottom surface of the spherical plug head 2.1 is the same as the top surface of the inverted tapered plug body 2.2 and the outer diameter of the inner tube cylinder 3.2. The cylindrical plug tail 2.3 is fixed on the bottom of the inverted conical plug body 2.2. The material of the inverted tapered plug body 2.2 is metal, and the material of the spherical plug head 2.1 is rubber. During assembly, the inverted conical plug body 2.2 is naturally placed in the inverted conical cone-shaped nozzle 3.1, and the sides of the two fit together at the same inclination angle, while the outer diameter of the cylindrical plug tail 2.3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the air inlet pipe 3.5. In the non-aerated state, no gas enters the air inlet pipe 3.5, and the aeration plug 2 is placed naturally. At this time, since the side wall of the inverted conical plug body 2.2 and the inverted frustum-shaped nozzle 3.1 are closely fitted, external entrainment The leachate of the material will be blocked by the aeration plug 2 and cannot enter the inverted frustum-shaped nozzle 3.1 and the air inlet pipe 3.5, thereby achieving the anti-clogging function in the non-aeration state. The inverted conical plug body 2.2 is naturally placed on the inverted conical cone-shaped nozzle 3.1, which can prevent the components from aging.

As shown in Figure 6, the metal shell 1 includes a spherical head 1.1, a shell cylinder 1.2 and a shell flange body 1.4. The outer wall and interior of the spherical head 1.1 are spherical in shape, and the shell cylinder 1.2 is a hollow cylindrical cylinder. The shell flange body 1.4 is a flat annular flange connection. The shell flange body 1.4 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the shell cylinder 1.2, and the bottom surfaces of the two are flush. The spherical head 1.1 is sealed and fixed on the top of the shell cylinder 1.2. In addition, a number of ventilation holes 1.3 are provided on the side of the housing cylinder 1.2. In this embodiment, the vent holes 1.3 are in a long strip shape, and the number of the vent holes 1.3 is four, evenly distributed circumferentially along the shell cylinder 1.2.

In order to achieve detachable connection, four base screw holes 3.7 are circumferentially provided on the base flange body 3.6, and four shell screw holes 1.5 are circumferentially provided on the shell flange body 1.4, and the base screw holes 3.7 are connected with the shell. The screw holes 1.5 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the base flange body 3.6 is connected to the outer shell flange body 1.4 through screws, bolts, etc. The two can be disassembled and cleaned at any time. In the assembled state, the outer shell cylinder 1.2 is fixed to the outside of the enlarged diameter cylinder 3.4 in a transitional fit. At this time, the outer shell flange body 1.4 and the base flange body 3.6 are fit and fixed to prevent gas from flowing out through the assembly gap between the two. There is an annular cavity between the inner wall of the outer shell 1.2 and the outer wall of the inner tube 3.2. Since the annular cavity is connected to the ventilation hole 1.3, aeration is formed when the annular cavity is connected to the aeration pipeline. state. However, since the aeration plug 2 is placed in a natural state, the side wall of the inverted cone-shaped plug body 2.2 and the inverted frustum-shaped nozzle 3.1 are in close contact, and the aeration gas cannot be ejected. Therefore, pneumatic flow aid is used to achieve aeration control. The specific method is to make the spherical head 1.1 slightly higher than the spherical plug 2.1, so that there is space for the aeration plug 2 to move up and down between the top spherical plug 2.1 and the inner wall of the spherical head 1.1. When the air inlet pipe 3.5 is ventilated, a certain thrust is generated on the inverted conical plug body 2.2. When the thrust is higher than the gravity, the inverted conical plug body 2.2 is lifted away from the inverted conical cone-shaped nozzle 3.1. At this time, the gas flows from the two It is ejected from the conical gap between them, and then ejected through the annular cavity and the vent hole 1.3. In addition, when the thrust force is large, the aeration plug 2 will spray onto the inner wall of the spherical head 1.1, so the spherical plug head 2.1 is made of rubber to reduce the wear of both. At the same time, the cylindrical plug tail 2.3 needs to have a certain length to ensure that the aeration plug 2 can return to its position when it falls.

In addition, since the leachate easily enters the annular cavity between the outer shell 1.2 and the inner tube 3.2, it can pass through an annular inclined plane between the top of the side wall of the inner tube 3.2 and the outer wall of the expanded diameter cylinder 3.4. Pipe wall 3.3 connection. Moreover, the inclined pipe wall 3.3 slopes downward, and the bottom of the strip vent 1.3 is not higher than the bottom of the inclined pipe wall 3.3, so that the internal leachate can naturally flow out through the vent 1.3 under gravity.

The steps for a large compost facility aeration method based on the above-mentioned sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzles are as follows:

Install the sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle at the target position of the compost facility, and connect the bottom inlet of the air inlet pipe 3.5 to the aeration pipe. During assembly, since the material flow in the pile does not remain stationary but needs to be stirred frequently, the direction of the ventilation hole 1.3 should be as consistent or perpendicular to the material flow direction as possible to prevent the material from being directly blocked under the action of external force when pushing horizontally. Said vent 1.3.

During the non-aeration period, the inverted cone-shaped plug body 2.2 relies on the gravity of the aeration plug 2 to fit the inverted cone-shaped pipe opening 3.1 to prevent materials in the composting facility from entering the inner tube body 3.2 and causing blockage of the air path; during aeration period, the aeration gas enters the air inlet pipe 3.5, and the aeration plug 2 is lifted up and suspended in the air under the action of gas pressure, so that the inverted conical plug body 2.2 and the inverted frustum-shaped pipe mouth 3.1 are separated to form a cone gap, and the gas moves along the cone gap It sprays outward and sprays out the ventilation hole 1.3 through the annular cavity between the inner wall of the outer shell 1.2 and the outer wall of the inner tube 3.2 to achieve aeration of the materials in the composting facility; while the liquid in the hollow cavity passes through the vent hole 1.3. The air hole 1.3 discharges the aeration nozzle; when aeration stops, the aeration plug 2 falls back to the inverted frustum-shaped nozzle 3.1 under the action of gravity, again preventing materials in the reactor from entering the inner tube cylinder 3.2.

The above-described embodiment is only a preferred solution of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical fields can also make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any technical solution obtained by adopting equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle used for aeration of large-scale composting facilities. It is characterized in that the sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle includes a metal shell (1), an aeration plug (2) and a metal base (3 ); The metal base (3) includes an inner tube cylinder (3.2), an expanded diameter cylinder (3.4) and a base flange body (3.6). The outer diameter of the expanded diameter cylinder (3.4) is larger than the inner tube cylinder (3.4). 3.2) Outside diameter, the base flange body (3.6) and the diameter expansion cylinder (3.4) are coaxially sleeved outside the inner tube cylinder (3.2), and the diameter expansion cylinder (3.4) is placed on the base method The upper surface of the orchid body (3.6); the inner tube cylinder (3.2) has an air inlet pipe (3.5) along the axial direction, and the top end of the air inlet pipe (3.5) is provided with an inverted frustum-shaped nozzle (3.1) , the top surface of the inverted frustum-shaped nozzle (3.1) is flush with the top surface of the inner tube cylinder (3.2); The aeration plug (2) includes a spherical plug head (2.1), an inverted conical plug body (2.2) and a cylindrical plug tail (2.3). The spherical plug head (2.1) is fixed on the inverted conical plug body (2.2 ), the cylindrical plug tail (2.3) is fixed at the bottom of the inverted conical plug body (2.2); the inverted conical plug body (2.2) is naturally placed in the inverted frustum-shaped nozzle (3.1) , and the sides of the two are fitted at the same inclination angle; the outer diameter of the cylindrical plug tail (2.3) is smaller than the inner diameter of the air inlet pipe (3.5); The metal shell (1) includes a spherical head (1.1), a shell cylinder (1.2) and a shell flange body (1.4). The shell flange body (1.4) is coaxially sleeved on the shell cylinder (1.2) outside, and the bottom surfaces of the two are flush; the spherical head (1.1) is sealed and fixed on the top of the shell cylinder (1.2); a number of ventilation holes (1.3) are provided on the side of the shell cylinder (1.2); The outer shell cylinder (1.2) is assembled on the outside of the expanded diameter cylinder (3.4), and the outer shell flange body (1.4) and the base flange body (3.6) are fit and fixed; the outer shell cylinder (1.2) There is an annular cavity between the inner wall of the inner tube and the outer wall of the inner tube cylinder (3.2); when the aeration plug (2) is naturally placed, the spherical plug head (2.1) on the top is in contact with the spherical head (2) 1.1) There is space between the inner walls for the aeration plug (2) to move up and down; The vent hole (1.3) is in the shape of a long strip; the top of the side wall of the inner tube cylinder (3.2) and the outer wall of the expanded diameter cylinder (3.4) are connected by an annular inclined tube wall (3.3), and the inclined surface The pipe wall (3.3) slopes downward; the bottom of the vent hole (1.3) is not higher than the bottom end of the inclined pipe wall (3.3), so that the internal leachate can flow out through the vent hole (1.3) under gravity. 2. The sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle for aeration of large-scale compost facilities as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the base flange body (3.6) is provided with a number of base screw holes (3.7) in a circumferential direction. ), the shell flange body (1.4) is circumferentially provided with a number of shell screw holes (1.5), and the base screw holes (3.7) correspond to the shell screw holes (1.5) one by one, and the base flange body (3.6 ) is connected to the housing flange body (1.4) through threads. 3. The sleeve-type anti-blocking aeration nozzle for aeration of large-scale composting facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the ventilation holes (1.3) is 4, and the vent holes (1.3) are ringed along the outer shell cylinder (1.2). distributed evenly. 4. The sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle for aeration of large-scale composting facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that the inverted conical plug body (2.2) is made of metal, and the spherical plug head (2.1 ) is made of rubber. 5. The sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle for aeration of large-scale composting facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the bottom surface of the spherical plug head (2.1) is consistent with the outer diameter of the inner tube cylinder (3.2). diameter is the same. 6. The sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle for aeration of large-scale composting facilities as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the assembly between the outer shell cylinder (1.2) and the expanded diameter cylinder (3.4) The method is transitional fit. 7. A method for aeration of large-scale composting facilities using a set of anti-clogging aeration nozzles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the steps are as follows: Install the sleeve-type anti-clogging aeration nozzle at the target position of the compost facility, and connect the bottom inlet of the air inlet pipe (3.5) to the aeration pipe; During the non-aeration period, the inverted cone-shaped plug body (2.2) relies on the gravity of the aeration plug (2) to fit the inverted cone-shaped pipe mouth (3.1) to prevent materials in the composting facility from entering the inner pipe. The cylinder (3.2) causes the air path to be blocked; during the aeration period, the aeration gas enters the air inlet pipe (3.5), and the aeration plug (2) is lifted up and suspended under the action of gas pressure, causing the inverted conical plug body ( 2.2) It separates from the inverted frustum-shaped nozzle (3.1) to form a conical gap. The gas is sprayed outward along the conical gap and passes through the annular cavity between the inner wall of the outer shell (1.2) and the outer wall of the inner tube (3.2). The vent hole (1.3) is sprayed out to aerate the materials in the composting facility; the liquid in the annular cavity is discharged from the aeration nozzle through the vent hole (1.3); when the aeration stops, the aeration plug ( 2) Fall back to the inverted frustum-shaped nozzle (3.1) under the action of gravity, again preventing materials in the reactor from entering the inner tube cylinder (3.2).