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CN109867365B - Renewable ecological restoration system controlled by double triangular pipes through valves - Google Patents

Renewable ecological restoration system controlled by double triangular pipes through valves Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109867365B
CN109867365B CN201910181060.0A CN201910181060A CN109867365B CN 109867365 B CN109867365 B CN 109867365B CN 201910181060 A CN201910181060 A CN 201910181060A CN 109867365 B CN109867365 B CN 109867365B
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water
pipe
purification
valve
double
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CN109867365A (en
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燕文明
卢天胜
王卫光
沈玟
陈自怡
张哲铭
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Hohai University HHU
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Hohai University HHU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a double-triangular-tube valve-controlled renewable ecological restoration system, which comprises a double-triangular-tube valve-controlled regulation unit, a renewable biological membrane and adsorption material coupling purification unit and a stabilization pond plant purification assimilation absorption unit; the double-triangular-tube valve control adjusting unit is used for controlling the opening and closing of valves in the double-triangular pipeline, so that the ecological restoration function of the system and the self renewable function are realized; the reproducible biomembrane and adsorption material coupling purification unit is used for filtering impurities in water flow and absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the water; the plant purification and assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond is used for treating organic pollutants and pathogens in wastewater; the invention has the comprehensive effects of simple structure, wide application range, regeneration and utilization, purification of urban slow-flow water and beautification of living environment.

Description

Renewable ecological restoration system controlled by double triangular pipes through valves
Technical Field
The invention relates to urban slow-flow water body ecological system restoration, in particular to a double-triangular-tube valve-controlled reproducible ecological restoration system.
Background
With the continuous development of social economy, water body pollution conditions of different degrees exist in rivers, lakes and rivers in many areas of China nowadays. Especially large and small rivers, ponds and other surface water areas in densely populated areas cause a series of environmental problems after a large amount of industrial wastewater, domestic sewage and plant nutrient substances in farmland runoff are discharged into slow-flow water bodies such as lakes, reservoirs, estuaries, gulfs and the like due to the activity of human beings, aquatic organisms, particularly algae, breed in large quantities, so that the population quantity of biomass is changed, the ecological balance of the water body is destroyed, and water eutrophication is caused. Therefore, the problems of urban water supply crisis and the like seriously restrict the sustainable development of the economy of China.
In the prior art, the treatment mode of water body pollution comprises a physical method, a chemical method and a biological method. Purifying and replacing the water body by using physical methods such as water purifying equipment and the like; introducing oxygen into the water body; increasing water circulation; adding chemical and biological reagents into the water body for purification and the like.
The above solution of the prior art has the following drawbacks: for example, a treatment method of adding chemical and biological reagents may further damage the water ecosystem, bring new hazards such as secondary pollution and the like, or cause higher cost due to difficulty in recycling equipment and large resource consumption, and the above problems become the difficulty of purification of the urban slow flow water.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a double-triangular-tube valve-controlled renewable ecological restoration system.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a double-triangular-tube valve-controlled renewable ecological restoration system comprises a double-triangular-tube valve-controlled regulation unit, a renewable biological membrane and adsorption material coupling purification unit and a stabilization pond plant purification assimilation absorption unit;
the double-triangular-tube valve control adjusting unit is used for respectively controlling the opening and closing of valves in the double-triangular tube to realize the ecological restoration function of the system and the self renewable function;
the renewable biomembrane and adsorption material coupling purification unit is used for filtering impurities in water flow and absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus elements in water;
the plant purification and assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond is used for culturing bacteria, algae and plants so as to treat organic pollutants and pathogens in wastewater by utilizing the combined action of an ecological system of the bacteria, algae and plants, thereby realizing the effect of restoring the ecological system of the urban slow-flow water body.
Preferably, the coupling purification unit for the renewable biological membrane and the adsorption material comprises a first purification box and a second purification box, and the adsorption material and the biological membrane are arranged in the first purification box and the second purification box.
Preferably, the plant purification and assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond comprises a dike; algae plants and plant wind-light bands are planted in the dikes and used for treating organic pollutants in the wastewater, and the purified water is discharged from the water outlets of the dikes through water conveying pipes.
Preferably, the double-triangular-pipe valve-controlled adjusting unit comprises a water conduit, a first water pipe, a second water pipe, a third water pipe, a fourth water pipe, a first water inlet pipe, a second water inlet pipe, a first water outlet pipe, a second water outlet pipe and a water drain pipe;
a first valve, a second valve, a third valve and a fourth valve are respectively arranged in the first water pipe, the second water pipe, the third water pipe and the fourth water pipe;
a fifth valve is arranged in the second water inlet pipe;
the first water inlet pipe is connected with a water inlet of the first purification box, and the first water outlet pipe is connected with a water outlet of the first purification box;
the second water inlet pipe is connected with a water inlet of the second purification box, and the second water outlet pipe is connected with a water outlet of the second purification box;
the water guide pipe is respectively connected with a first water pipe and a second water pipe, the first water pipe is connected with a first water inlet pipe, and the first water outlet pipe and the second water pipe are respectively connected with the plant purification and assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond through the water guide pipe;
the plant purification and assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond is respectively connected with a third water pipe and a second water inlet pipe through water delivery pipes; the second water outlet pipe is connected with a fourth water pipe;
and the fourth water pipe and the third water pipe are respectively connected with a drain pipe.
According to a preferable scheme, the double-triangular-pipe valve-controlled renewable ecological restoration system is characterized in that a first high-pressure water gun interface and a second high-pressure water gun interface are reserved at the end parts of the first water inlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe and are used for being connected with a high-pressure water gun.
As a preferable scheme, the double-triangular-pipe valve-controlled renewable ecological restoration system is characterized in that an interception net is installed at a water inlet of the water diversion pipe and used for intercepting floaters with larger volume in sewage.
More preferably, the intercepting net is made of stainless steel.
Preferably, the first purification tank and the second purification tank can wash and regenerate the adsorbent material by connecting a high-pressure water gun.
Preferably, the adsorption material is ceramsite and biological zeolite, and the ceramsite and the biological zeolite are arranged in layers and separated by a biological membrane in the first purification box and the second purification box.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a renewable restoration system which is controlled by a double triangular pipe valve and utilizes a biological membrane and an adsorption material to perform adsorption, can be used for a slow-flow water body, has the advantages of remarkably adsorbing organic pollutants in wastewater, can be repeatedly used by washing with high-pressure water, realizes the purification of the water body, and has the characteristics of good effect, lower cost, energy conservation and convenience in maintenance. Compared with the prior art, the method has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) the equipment is simple to maintain, and the realization of reproducible operation is easy;
(2) the biological membrane is coupled with the adsorption material, so that organic matters and pathogens in the sewage can be effectively removed without sludge treatment;
(3) the adsorption material can be repeatedly used after being washed by the high-pressure water gun, does not need to be frequently replaced, and effectively reduces the cost.
(4) The flushed sewage and sludge enter the water conveying pipe and then are led into the plant wind and light band, so that the problem that sewage is difficult to treat is effectively solved, and meanwhile, the plant wind and light band plays a role in beautifying the environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an ecological remediation system of an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the purification box in the embodiment;
in the figure: the device comprises a water conduit 1, an intercepting net 2, a first water conduit 3, a first valve 4, a second water conduit 5, a second valve 6, a first high-pressure water gun interface 7, a first water inlet pipe 8, a first purifying box 9, a first water outlet pipe 10, a water conduit 11, a dike 12, algae plants 13, a plant wind and light band 14, a water conduit 15, a third water conduit 16, a third valve 17, a second water inlet pipe 18, a fifth valve 19, a second purifying box 20, a second water outlet pipe 21, a second high-pressure water gun interface 22, a fourth water conduit 23, a fourth valve 24, a water drain pipe 25, an adsorbing material 26 and a biological membrane 27.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a double-triangular-pipe valve-controlled renewable ecological restoration system comprises: the device comprises a double-triangular-tube valve control regulating unit, a reproducible biomembrane and adsorption material coupling purification unit and a stabilization pond plant purification assimilation absorption unit;
the double-triangular-tube valve control adjusting unit is used for respectively controlling the opening and closing of valves in the double-triangular tube to realize the ecological restoration function of the system and the self renewable function;
the renewable biomembrane and adsorption material coupling purification unit is used for filtering impurities in water flow and absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus elements in water;
the plant purification and assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond is used for culturing bacteria, algae and plants so as to treat organic pollutants and pathogens in wastewater by utilizing the combined action of an ecological system of the bacteria, algae and plants, thereby realizing the effect of restoring the ecological system of the urban slow-flow water body.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the regenerable biofilm and adsorbent material coupled purification unit comprises a first purification tank 9 and a second purification tank 20, and an adsorbent material 26 and a biofilm 27 are arranged inside the first purification tank 9 and the second purification tank 20.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the stabilization pond plant purification and assimilation absorption unit comprises a dike 12; algae 13 and plant wind-light bands 14 are planted in the dikes 12 and used for treating organic pollutants in the wastewater, and the purified water is discharged from the water outlets of the dikes 12 through water conveying pipes 15.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the double-triangular-pipe valve-controlled regulating unit includes a water conduit 1, a first water pipe 3, a second water pipe 5, a third water pipe 16, a fourth water pipe 23, a first water inlet pipe 8, a second water inlet pipe 18, a first water outlet pipe 10, a second water outlet pipe 21, an intercepting net 2, a first valve 4, a second valve 6, a third valve 17, a fourth valve 24, a fifth valve 19, and a water outlet pipe 25;
a first valve 4, a second valve 6, a third valve 17 and a fourth valve 24 are respectively arranged in the first water pipe 3, the second water pipe 5, the third water pipe 16 and the fourth water pipe 23;
a fifth valve 19 is arranged in the second water inlet pipe 18;
the first water inlet pipe 8 is connected with a water inlet of the first purifying box 9, and the first water outlet pipe 10 is connected with a water outlet of the first purifying box 9;
the second water inlet pipe 18 is connected with a water inlet of a second purifying box 20, and the second water outlet pipe 21 is connected with a water outlet of the second purifying box 20;
the water guide pipe 1 is respectively connected with a first water pipe 3 and a second water pipe 5, the first water pipe 3 is connected with a first water inlet pipe 8, and the first water outlet pipe 10 and the second water pipe 5 are respectively connected with a plant purification and assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond through a water guide pipe 11;
the plant purification and assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond is respectively connected with a third water pipe 16 and a second water inlet pipe 18 through a water delivery pipe 15; the second water outlet pipe 21 is connected with a fourth water pipe 23;
the fourth water pipe 23 and the third water pipe 16 are connected to a water discharge pipe 25, respectively.
Furthermore, an intercepting net 2 is installed at the water inlet of the water conduit 1 and is used for intercepting the floaters with larger volume in the sewage. More preferably, the interception net 2 is made of stainless steel.
Furthermore, the adsorbing materials 26 are ceramsite and biological zeolite, and the ceramsite and the biological zeolite are arranged in layers in the first purifying box 9 and the second purifying box 20 and are separated by a biological membrane 27.
The double-water-pipe valve control adjusting unit is characterized in that the water guide pipe 1 is connected with the first water pipe 3 and the second water pipe 5 through rubber soft joints, the water pipes are connected through the rubber soft joints, and as a preferred scheme, the flange part of the rubber soft joint is made of carbon steel.
The first purifying box 9 and the second purifying box 20 are internally provided with adsorbing materials 26 such as ceramsite, biological zeolite and the like and a biological film 27, the first water inlet pipe 8 is connected with the first water pipe 3 through a rubber soft joint, and the first water outlet pipe 10 is respectively connected with the water guide pipe 11 and the water pipe 5;
the second water inlet pipe 18 is connected with the water delivery pipe 15 and the third water pipe 16 through a rubber soft joint, and the second water outlet pipe 21 is connected with the fourth water pipe 23;
furthermore, the adsorption materials 26 are arranged in the first purification box 9 and the second purification box 20 in a layered and dense manner, a biological membrane 27 is sandwiched between the adsorption materials 26, the biological membrane 27 is a microbial colony and is formed by injecting water containing microorganisms, and the biological membrane 27 has the function of absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the sewage and purifying the river sewage.
Furthermore, first purifying box 9, second purifying box 20 accessible are connected the high-pressure squirt and are washed the regeneration, and the high-pressure squirt can be connected respectively in first high-pressure squirt interface 7, second high-pressure squirt interface 22 department, use the water after the purification to wash the adsorbing material that is full of the spot in the purifying box, wash clean back, fill into a certain amount of right amount of liquid that contains the microorganism in the purifying box again, make it be full of and carry out the biofilm formation in the purifying box, the purifying box reuse of being convenient for.
Further, the high-pressure water gun is connected at the first high-pressure water gun interface 7 and the second high-pressure water gun interface 22, and is in a straight line with the purifying box, so that the adsorbing material 26 in the purifying box can be conveniently washed.
In this embodiment, the connection between the water pipe and the external water conduit and the water pipe is flange connection, and the flange part is made of carbon steel.
In the double-triangular-tube valve control adjusting unit, each water tube is made of plastic, the main framework of the rubber soft joint adopts nylon cord fabric, and the supercharging ring adopts a multi-strand steel wire rope.
The renewable biological membrane and adsorption material coupling purification unit is characterized in that the first purification box 9 and the second purification box 20 are made of plastic, the adsorption material 26 is light adsorption material such as ceramsite and biological zeolite, and the ceramsite and the biological zeolite are arranged in layers and separated by a biological membrane 27. The biofilm 27 is a microbial colony formed by injecting water containing microorganisms, and is used for absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the sewage and purifying river sewage.
Adopt two purifying box devices, first purifying box 9 is as main purification, and second purifying box 20 is then as standby device, when can regenerating the operation to main purifying box, starts reserve purifying box, realizes purifying sewage and the device can regenerate the purpose of going on simultaneously of operation, or also can start reserve purifying box when purifying effect is not obvious, reinforcing purifying effect.
The second purifying box 20 is used as a standby device and is mainly used for flushing the first purifying box 9, and when the sewage is too turbid, the second purifying box can be used together with the first purifying box 9 by controlling the closing of the valve so as to enhance the purifying effect.
The stable pond plant purification assimilation absorption unit is internally provided with a dike 12 and an impermeable layer, soft plants such as algae plants 13 and a plant wind-light band 14 are planted in the absorption unit, organic pollutants in wastewater are treated by utilizing the natural purification capacity of an ecological system mainly under the combined action of algae 12 and microorganisms growing in the pond, and purified sewage is discharged to an original polluted water source again through a water conveying pipe 15 arranged at the downstream, so that the purification effect on the polluted water source is achieved.
Further, water is introduced into the stabilization pond through the water guide pipe 11, and the plants in the plant wind and light band 14 use species with vigorous vitality and beautiful shape, such as yellow iris, canna and the like.
The specific operation steps of the present invention are further described below with reference to fig. 1 and 2:
the invention provides a renewable restoration system for absorbing pollutants in slow-flow wastewater by controlling a stabilization pond through a double triangular pipe valve.
The method comprises the following steps: according to the device shown in fig. 1, the first valve 4 and the third valve 17 are opened, the second valve 6, the fifth valve 19 and the fourth valve 24 are closed, and the first high-pressure water gun interface 7 and the second high-pressure water gun interface 22 are closed;
step two: sewage is led into the device from the water conduit 1 and flows through the interception net 2 to intercept large-volume floaters in the sewage;
step three: water flows into a first purifying box 9 through a first water pipe 3, and fine particles in the sewage are filtered and nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the sewage are absorbed under the action of ceramsite, biological zeolite and a biological membrane;
step four: the sewage flows to a plant purification and assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond through a first water outlet pipe 10 and a water guide pipe 11, and organic pollution and pathogens in the sewage are absorbed through the combined action of algae plants 13 and microorganisms in the stabilization pond;
step five: the sewage purified by the plant purification assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond is discharged into the slow-flow water body again through the water delivery pipe 15, the third water pipe 16 and the water discharge pipe 25, and the purification process of the urban slow-flow water body is completed.
If the urban slow flow water is too turbid, the purification effect is not obvious by using one purification box, and then two purification boxes can be used for purification at the same time.
The method comprises the following steps: opening the first valve 4, the fifth valve 19 and the fourth valve 24, closing the second valve 6 and the third valve 17, and sealing the first high-pressure water gun interface 7 and the second high-pressure water gun interface 22;
step two: sewage is led into the device from the water conduit 1 and flows through the interception net 2 to intercept large-volume floaters in the sewage;
step three: water flows into a first purifying box 9 through a first water pipe 3, and fine particles in the sewage are filtered and nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the sewage are absorbed under the action of ceramsite, biological zeolite and a biological membrane;
step four: the sewage flows to a plant purification and assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond through a first water outlet pipe 10 and a water guide pipe 11, and organic pollution and pathogens in the sewage are absorbed through the combined action of algae plants 13 and microorganisms in the stabilization pond;
step five: the water flowing out of the water pipe 15 is further guided into the second purifying box 20 through the second water inlet pipe 18 for purification, and then is discharged into the slow flow water body again through the second water outlet pipe 21, the fourth water pipe 23 and the water outlet pipe 25, and the purification process of the city slow flow water body is completed.
After using for a period of time, the pollutant that accumulates in first purifying box 9 reaches a quantitative, starts second purifying box 20 and purifies sewage to carry out regeneration operation to first purifying box 9:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the device shown in fig. 1, the second valve 6, the fifth valve 19 and the fourth valve 24 are opened, the first valve 4 and the third valve 17 are closed, the second high-pressure water gun interface 22 is closed, and the first high-pressure water gun interface 7 is opened and connected into the high-pressure water gun; at the moment, sewage is introduced from the water conduit 1, flows into the plant purification assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond after passing through the second water conduit 5 and the water conduit 11 and is purified;
step two: opening a high-pressure water gun, flushing the adsorbing material 26 in the first purifying box 9, enabling the flushed sewage to flow into a plant purification assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond for purification after passing through a first water outlet pipe 10 and a water guide pipe 11, further purifying through a second purifying box 20, and then discharging into a water body;
step three: after the adsorbing material 26 is washed clean, the high-pressure water gun is pulled out, liquid containing microorganisms is filled into the first purifying box 9 from the first high-pressure water gun interface 7, and the purifying box is filled with the liquid containing the microorganisms to carry out biofilm formation;
step four: after biofilm formation, the first valve 4 and the third valve 17 are opened, the second valve 6, the fifth valve 19 and the fourth valve 24 are closed, the first high-pressure water gun interface 7 and the second high-pressure water gun interface 22 are closed, and the first purifying box 9 is reused for purifying sewage, so that the regeneration of the purifying box is realized;
after a certain period of use, the pollutants accumulated in the second purification tank 20 reach a certain amount, and the second purification tank 20 is subjected to a regeneration operation:
the method comprises the following steps: closing the first valve 4, the second valve 6, the third valve 17 and the fourth valve 24, opening the fifth valve 19, closing the first high-pressure water gun interface 7, and opening the second high-pressure water gun interface 22 to be connected with a high-pressure water gun;
step two: opening a high-pressure water gun, washing the adsorbing material 26 in the second purification box 20, and making the washed stains flow back to the stabilization pond through the second water inlet pipe 18 and the water delivery pipe 15 for purification;
step three: after the adsorbing material 26 is washed clean, the high-pressure water gun is pulled out, and liquid containing microorganisms is filled into the second purifying box 20 from the second high-pressure water gun interface 22, so that the purifying box is filled with the liquid to carry out biofilm formation;
step four: after biofilm culturing is carried out, the first valve 4 and the third valve 17 are opened, the second valve 6, the fifth valve 19 and the fourth valve 24 are closed, the first high-pressure water gun interface 7 and the second high-pressure water gun interface 22 are closed, the first purifying box 9 is reused for purifying sewage, and therefore the purifying box can be regenerated.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a two triangle pipe valve accuse can palingenetic ecological remediation systems which characterized in that: the device comprises a double-triangular-tube valve-controlled regulating unit, a reproducible biomembrane and adsorption material coupling purification unit and a stabilization pond plant purification assimilation absorption unit;
the double-triangular-tube valve control adjusting unit is used for respectively controlling the opening and closing of valves in the double-triangular tube to realize the ecological restoration function of the system and the self renewable function;
the renewable biomembrane and adsorption material coupling purification unit is used for filtering impurities in water flow and absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus elements in water; the reproducible biological membrane and adsorption material coupling purification unit comprises a first purification box and a second purification box, wherein the adsorption material and the biological membrane are arranged in the first purification box and the second purification box; the adsorption materials are ceramsite and biological zeolite, and the ceramsite and the biological zeolite are arranged in a layered manner and separated by a biological membrane in the first purification box and the second purification box; the biological membrane is a microbial colony;
the plant purification assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond is used for culturing bacteria, algae and plants so as to treat organic pollutants and pathogens in the wastewater by utilizing the combined action of an ecological system of the bacteria, algae and plants, thereby realizing the effect of restoring the ecological system of the urban slow-flow water body;
the double-triangular-pipe valve control adjusting unit comprises a water diversion pipe, a first water pipe, a second water pipe, a third water pipe, a fourth water pipe, a first water inlet pipe, a second water inlet pipe, a first water outlet pipe, a second water outlet pipe and a water drainage pipe;
a first valve, a second valve, a third valve and a fourth valve are respectively arranged in the first water pipe, the second water pipe, the third water pipe and the fourth water pipe;
a fifth valve is arranged in the second water inlet pipe;
the first water inlet pipe is connected with a water inlet of the first purification box, and the first water outlet pipe is connected with a water outlet of the first purification box;
the second water inlet pipe is connected with a water inlet of the second purification box, and the second water outlet pipe is connected with a water outlet of the second purification box;
the water guide pipe is respectively connected with a first water pipe and a second water pipe, the first water pipe is connected with a first water inlet pipe, and the first water outlet pipe and the second water pipe are respectively connected with the plant purification and assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond through the water guide pipe;
the plant purification and assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond is respectively connected with a third water pipe and a second water inlet pipe through water delivery pipes; the second water outlet pipe is connected with a fourth water pipe;
the fourth water pipe and the third water pipe are respectively connected with a drain pipe;
the first water inlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe are reserved with a first high-pressure water gun interface and a second high-pressure water gun interface which are used for being connected with a high-pressure water gun.
2. The double-triangular-pipe valve-regulated renewable ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plant purification and assimilation absorption unit of the stabilization pond comprises a dike; algae plants and plant wind-light bands are planted in the dikes and used for treating organic pollutants in the wastewater, and the purified water is discharged from the water outlets of the dikes through water conveying pipes.
3. The double-triangular-pipe valve-regulated renewable ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water inlet of the water conduit is provided with an interception net for intercepting floaters with larger volume in sewage.
4. The double-triangular-pipe valve-regulated renewable ecological restoration system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the intercepting net is made of stainless steel.
5. The double-triangular-pipe valve-regulated renewable ecological restoration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first purification box and the second purification box can wash and regenerate the adsorption material by being connected with a high-pressure water gun.
CN201910181060.0A 2019-03-11 2019-03-11 Renewable ecological restoration system controlled by double triangular pipes through valves Active CN109867365B (en)

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