CN109851175B - Ecological purification artificial canal island system - Google Patents
Ecological purification artificial canal island system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109851175B CN109851175B CN201910217557.3A CN201910217557A CN109851175B CN 109851175 B CN109851175 B CN 109851175B CN 201910217557 A CN201910217557 A CN 201910217557A CN 109851175 B CN109851175 B CN 109851175B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological purification artificial canal island system, which comprises a water inlet purification canal, an artificial purification island and a water storage purification pond, wherein the artificial purification island is positioned between the water inlet purification canal and the water storage purification pond and is separated from the water inlet purification canal and the water storage purification pond respectively through cement-lawn ecological slopes at two sides of the artificial purification island; the cement-lawn ecological slope surface is provided with more than two water pipes from bottom to top, a water source in the water inlet purification channel is introduced into the artificial purification island for purification through the water pipe on one side, and water purified in the artificial purification island is discharged into the water storage purification pool through the water pipe on the other side. The method comprises the steps of firstly absorbing pollutants through plant and ceramsite layers in a water inlet purification canal, purifying a water source, then entering different purification layers of an artificial purification island, further absorbing and absorbing pollutants in a water body, then discharging the pollutants into a water storage purification pond, and removing pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus through absorption and absorption actions of plants, zeolite and the like, thereby finally achieving the aim of purifying water quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of farmland irrigation and drainage systems, non-point source pollution treatment and water quality purification, and particularly relates to an ecological purification artificial canal island system.
Background
The continuous increase of agricultural product output is promoted by continuously increasing agricultural input products such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides and the like, so that the pollution of agricultural non-point sources and the deterioration of agricultural environment are increased. Soil particles, N, P, pesticides, heavy metals, livestock manure, household garbage and the like in the farmland enter water along with rainfall and runoff through farmland surface runoff, farmland drainage and underground seepage, so that water quality is deteriorated. There have been many studies showing that nitrogen and phosphorus loss in farmland runoff is one of the important sources of water eutrophication (BOESCH D.F., et al,2000;SHARPLEY A.N, et al,2003; TABUCHIT, et al, 2005). The method reduces the use and discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus in agricultural production, and is an important means for slowing down the eutrophication of water and improving the water quality. Therefore, researchers at home and abroad focus on blocking the circulation of pollutants in farmland water and directly purifying the pollutants in the migration process. The importance of the national treatment of the pollution of the source, the farmland improvement and the farmland water conservancy construction is that a new height is mentioned every year. A large number of artificial wetlands, rain sewage treatment plants and the like are built in each place, and economic, landscape, ecological and other benefits are also considered. However, these purification systems are too simple and do not utilize some available resources, and the water utilization rate is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an ecological purification artificial canal island system for purifying a water source, removing agricultural non-point source pollution and solving the water source storage problem aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the ecological purification artificial canal island system is characterized by comprising a water inlet purification canal, an artificial purification island and a water storage purification pond, wherein the artificial purification island is positioned between the water inlet purification canal and the water storage purification pond and is separated from the water inlet purification canal and the water storage purification pond respectively through cement-lawn ecological slopes at two sides of the artificial purification island; the cement-lawn ecological slope surface is provided with more than two water pipes from bottom to top, a water source in the water inlet purification channel is introduced into the artificial purification island for purification through the water pipe on one side, and water purified in the artificial purification island is discharged into the water storage purification pool through the water pipe on the other side.
Specifically, the artificial purification island is respectively a bottom clay layer, a lower purification layer, a middle purification layer and an upper water layer from bottom to top; the lower purifying layer and the middle purifying layer are separated by a horizontal middle cover plate;
the lower purifying layer is internally provided with lower double-layer baffles which are connected end to end in sequence, the lower double-layer baffles are obliquely arranged, the bottom is fixed in the bottom clay layer, and the top is fixed in the middle cover plate; the middle purification layer is internally provided with middle double-layer baffles which are connected end to end in sequence, the middle double-layer baffles are obliquely arranged, the bottom of each middle double-layer baffle is fixed in the middle cover plate, and the top of each middle double-layer baffle is fixed by cement;
stone blocks with the particle size of 10-20 cm are filled between the lower double-layer baffle plate and the bottom clay layer, and ceramsite and zeolite are filled between the lower double-layer baffle plate and the middle cover plate; the stone with the grain diameter not exceeding 10cm is filled between the middle double-layer baffle and the middle cover plate, planting soil is filled above the middle double-layer baffle, and an upper water layer is arranged above the planting soil.
The bottom clay layer and the fixed position of the lower double-layer baffle are provided with bottom clamping grooves, the bottom clamping grooves are V-shaped, cement piers are arranged on two sides of the bottom clamping grooves, and T-shaped retaining piles are arranged between the middle part of the bottom clay layer and the lower double-layer baffle.
The middle cover plate is a reinforced concrete plate with high compressive strength and bending strength, a first cover plate clamping groove and a second cover plate clamping groove are formed in the middle cover plate at intervals, the first cover plate clamping groove is located on the upper surface of the middle cover plate, and the second cover plate clamping groove is located on the lower surface of the middle cover plate; the first cover plate clamping groove is W-shaped and is used for clamping and fixing the bottom of the middle double-layer baffle; the middle part of the second cover plate clamping groove is hollowed out, so that water flow circulation of the upper part and the lower part is facilitated, and inclined grooves are formed in the lower surfaces of the two sides and used for clamping and fixing the top of the lower double-layer baffle plate.
Further, the lower double-layer baffle and the middle double-layer baffle both comprise solid reed wood-plastic plates in the middle and steel wire nets on two sides, through holes are formed in the bottoms of the lower double-layer baffle and the middle double-layer baffle and are used for water permeation, and nylon nets are arranged at the through holes.
Aquatic crops or landscape plants are planted on the planting soil, so that the coverage rate is high, the purifying capacity is high, and the economic and ornamental values are high; aquatic animals are cultured in the upper water layer, and a plurality of fish with eyes, piscine, oyster, clam, scallop and the like can be selected to be mixedly cultured with the prawns, so that the eutrophication of the water body can be reduced, and the water body has high economic value.
The outer side of the water inlet purification channel is provided with a soil slope purification lawn, and the other side of the water inlet purification channel is provided with a cement-lawn ecological slope; the bottom of the water inlet purifying canal is an upper soil layer used for planting purifying plants, and a haydite layer is filled below the upper soil layer.
The outside of the water storage purifying pool is provided with a cement slope, and the other side of the water storage purifying pool is provided with a cement-lawn ecological slope; the bottom of the water storage purifying tank is provided with a zeolite-cobble layer, a plain concrete layer is paved below the zeolite-cobble layer, and an impermeable geomembrane is arranged between the zeolite-cobble layer and the plain concrete layer; the cement slope surface is provided with more than two water intake pipes from bottom to top.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. the ecological purification artificial canal island system firstly generates biological films to adsorb pollutants through the plant absorption function in the water inlet purification canal, purifies a water source, then enters different purification layers of the artificial purification island through a water pipe, permeates and blends water among the layers, further absorbs and adsorbs pollutants in the water body through purifying plants, ceramsite-zeolite, stones and the like, then is discharged into a water storage purification tank, and further removes pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus through the absorption and adsorption function of the plants, the zeolite and the like, thereby finally achieving the aim of water quality purification.
2. The ecological purification artificial canal island system can not only absorb nitrogen and phosphorus heavy in agricultural non-point source pollution in a multi-layer manner, and finally purify water quality, but also play a role in accumulating water resources. In the purification process, aquatic plants, aquatic animals are planted and cultivated according to actual conditions, so that not only can the agricultural non-point source pollution be removed, but also certain economic value, ornamental value and ecological benefit can be obtained, and certain agricultural production value can be created. In arid areas, the method can realize high-efficiency water utilization and reduce the waste of water and soil resources.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or other advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ecological purification artificial canal island system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the bottom card slot.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the middle cover plate.
Fig. 4a and 4b are schematic structural diagrams of a first cover plate clamping groove and a second cover plate clamping groove on the middle cover plate respectively.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a lower double baffle plate and a middle double baffle plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood from the following examples.
The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are shown only in connection with the disclosure of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, but rather by the terms of modification, variation of proportions, or adjustment of sizes, without affecting the efficacy or achievement of the present invention, should be understood as falling within the scope of the present invention. Also, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "middle", and the like are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention for which the invention may be practiced or for which the relative relationships may be altered or modified without materially altering the technical context.
As shown in fig. 1, the ecological purification artificial canal island system comprises a water inlet purification canal 1, an artificial purification island 2 and a water storage purification tank 3, wherein the artificial purification island 2 is positioned between the water inlet purification canal 1 and the water storage purification tank 3, and is separated from the water inlet purification canal 1 and the water storage purification tank 3 respectively through cement-lawn ecological slopes 21 at two sides of the artificial purification island 2; the cement-lawn ecological slope 21 is provided with more than two water pipes 22 from bottom to top, a water source in the water inlet purification channel 1 is introduced into the artificial purification island 2 for purification through a water pipe on one side, and water purified in the artificial purification island 2 is discharged into the water storage purification pool 3 through a water pipe on the other side.
The artificial purifying island 2 is respectively provided with a bottom clay layer 23, a lower purifying layer 24, a middle purifying layer 25 and an upper water layer 26 from bottom to top; the lower purge layer 24 is separated from the middle purge layer 25 by a horizontal middle cover plate 27. The water pipes 22 can be arranged according to different purifying layers of the manual purifying island 2, and a plurality of water pipes are arranged on the same layer.
A lower double-layer baffle 241 which is connected end to end in sequence is arranged in the lower purifying layer 24, the lower double-layer baffle 241 is obliquely arranged, the bottom is fixed in the bottom clay layer 23, and the top is fixed in the middle cover plate 26; the middle purifying layer 25 is internally provided with a middle double-layer baffle 251 sequentially connected end to end, the middle double-layer baffle 251 is obliquely arranged, the bottom is fixed in the middle cover plate 27, and the top is fixed by cement.
Stone blocks 242 with the particle size of 10-20 cm are filled between the lower double-layer baffle 241 and the bottom clay layer 23, and ceramsite and zeolite 243 are filled between the lower double-layer baffle 241 and the middle cover plate 27; stones 252 with the particle size not exceeding 10cm are filled between the middle double-layer baffle 251 and the middle cover plate 27, planting soil 253 is filled above the middle double-layer baffle 251, and an upper water layer 26 is arranged above the planting soil 253; the aquatic crops or landscape plants are planted on the planting soil 253, so that the coverage rate is high, the purifying capacity is high, and the economic and ornamental values are high; aquatic animals are cultured in the upper water layer 26, and a plurality of fish with eyes, piscine, oyster, clam, scallop and the like can be selected to be mixedly cultured with the prawns, so that the eutrophication of the water body can be reduced, and the economic value of the water body is high.
As shown in fig. 2, the bottom clay layer 23 and the lower double-layer baffle 241 are fixedly provided with bottom clamping grooves 231, the bottom clamping grooves 231 are V-shaped, cement piers 232 are arranged on two sides of the bottom clamping grooves, and t-shaped baffle piles 233 are arranged between the middle part of the bottom clay layer 23 and the lower double-layer baffle 241 and used for reinforcing the lower double-layer baffle 241.
As shown in fig. 3, a first cover plate clamping groove 271 and a second cover plate clamping groove 272 are arranged on the middle cover plate 27 at intervals, the first cover plate clamping groove 271 is positioned on the upper surface of the middle cover plate 27, and the second cover plate clamping groove 272 is positioned on the lower surface of the middle cover plate 27; wherein, the first cover plate clamping groove 271 is of a W shape and is used for clamping and fixing the bottom of the middle double-layer baffle 251; the middle part of the second cover plate clamping groove 272 is hollowed out, so that the circulation of water flow in the upper part and the lower part is facilitated, and inclined grooves are formed in the lower surfaces of the two sides and used for clamping and fixing the top of the lower double-layer baffle 241, as shown in fig. 4a and 4b.
As shown in fig. 5, the lower double-layer baffle 241 and the middle double-layer baffle 251 each include a middle solid reed wood plastic plate 201 (compressive strength is greater than 15MPa, bending strength is greater than 15 MPa), and steel wire nets 202 on two sides, through holes 203 are formed in the bottoms of the lower double-layer baffle 241 and the middle double-layer baffle 251 for water permeation, and nylon nets are formed at the through holes 203.
The outer side of the water inlet purifying canal 1 is provided with a soil slope purifying lawn 11, and the other side is provided with a cement-lawn ecological slope 21; the bottom of the water inlet purifying canal 1 is provided with an upper soil layer 12 for planting purifying plants, and a haydite layer 13 is filled below the upper soil layer 12.
The outer side of the water storage purifying pool 3 is a 30cm thick cement slope surface 31, and the other side is a cement-lawn ecological slope surface 21; the bottom of the water storage purifying tank 3 is provided with a zeolite-cobble layer 32, a plain concrete layer 33 is paved below the zeolite-cobble layer 32, and an impermeable geomembrane is arranged between the plain concrete layer and the zeolite-cobble layer; the cement slope surface 31 is provided with more than two water intake pipes 34 from bottom to top.
The purification process of the ecological purification artificial canal island system is that firstly, the biological membrane is generated by the haydite layer to adsorb pollutants through the plant absorption function of the water inlet purification canal. Then water in the channel is put into different purifying layers of the artificial purifying island from different depths through pipelines, and the water between the layers is permeated and doped mutually. Purifying plants, ceramsite-zeolite, small stones, stones and the like in the artificial purifying island further absorb and adsorb pollutants in the water body, and then are discharged into a water storage purifying tank through a pipeline. The water storage purifying tank further removes pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus through absorption and adsorption of plants, zeolite and the like, and the pollutants can be further removed by the plants, the zeolite and the like in the tank before being discharged into farmlands, so that the aim of purifying water quality is finally achieved. The purified plants in the system can be aquatic crops or landscape plants with economic value, and aquatic animals with economic value can be cultivated in different levels of purified water, so that the invention can not only remove agricultural non-point source pollution, but also obtain a certain economic value, social (ornamental) value and ecological benefit, and can solve the water source storage problem to a certain extent in partial water-deficient areas, and finally efficiently utilize water resources.
The invention provides an idea and a method for ecologically purifying an artificial canal island system, and the method and the way for realizing the technical scheme are numerous, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it should be pointed out that a plurality of improvements and modifications can be made to a person skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the improvements and the modifications are also considered as the protection scope of the invention. The components not explicitly described in this embodiment can be implemented by using the prior art.
Claims (2)
1. The ecological purification artificial canal island system is characterized by comprising a water inlet purification canal (1), an artificial purification island (2) and a water storage purification tank (3), wherein the artificial purification island (2) is positioned between the water inlet purification canal (1) and the water storage purification tank (3), and cement-lawn ecological slopes (21) at two sides of the artificial purification island (2) are respectively separated from the water inlet purification canal (1) and the water storage purification tank (3); the cement-lawn ecological slope (21) is provided with more than two water pipes (22) from bottom to top, a water source in the water inlet purification channel (1) is introduced into the artificial purification island (2) for purification through the water pipe at one side, and water purified in the artificial purification island (2) is discharged into the water storage purification pool (3) through the water pipe at the other side;
the outer side of the water inlet purifying channel (1) is provided with a soil slope surface purifying lawn (11), and the other side is provided with a cement-lawn ecological slope surface (21); the bottom of the water inlet purifying canal (1) is provided with an upper soil layer (12) for planting purifying plants, and a haydite layer (13) is filled below the upper soil layer (12);
the artificial purification island (2) is respectively a bottom clay layer (23), a lower purification layer (24), a middle purification layer (25) and an upper water layer (26) from bottom to top; the lower purifying layer (24) and the middle purifying layer (25) are separated by a horizontal middle cover plate (27);
a lower double-layer baffle (241) which is connected end to end is arranged in the lower purifying layer (24), the lower double-layer baffle (241) is obliquely arranged, the bottom is fixed in the bottom clay layer (23), and the top is fixed in the middle cover plate (27); a middle double-layer baffle plate (251) which is connected end to end in sequence is arranged in the middle purifying layer (25), the middle double-layer baffle plate (251) is obliquely arranged, the bottom is fixed in the middle cover plate (27), and the top is fixed by cement;
stone blocks (242) with the particle size of 10-20 cm are filled between the lower double-layer baffle plate (241) and the bottom clay layer (23), and ceramsite and zeolite (243) are filled between the lower double-layer baffle plate (241) and the middle cover plate (27); stones (252) with particle diameters not exceeding 10cm are filled between the middle double-layer baffle plate (251) and the middle cover plate (27), planting soil (253) is filled above the middle double-layer baffle plate (251), and an upper water layer (26) is arranged above the planting soil (253);
the bottom clay layer (23) and the lower double-layer baffle plate (241) are fixedly provided with bottom clamping grooves (231), the bottom clamping grooves (231) are V-shaped, cement piers (232) are arranged on two sides of the bottom clamping grooves, and T-shaped baffle piles (233) are arranged between the middle part of the bottom clay layer and the lower double-layer baffle plate (241);
a first cover plate clamping groove (271) and a second cover plate clamping groove (272) are formed in the middle cover plate (27) at intervals, the first cover plate clamping groove (271) is formed in the upper surface of the middle cover plate (27), and the second cover plate clamping groove (272) is formed in the lower surface of the middle cover plate (27); the first cover plate clamping groove (271) is W-shaped and is used for clamping and fixing the bottom of the middle double-layer baffle plate (251), the middle of the second cover plate clamping groove (272) is hollowed out, and inclined grooves are formed in the lower surfaces of the two sides and are used for clamping and fixing the top of the lower double-layer baffle plate (241);
the lower double-layer baffle plate (241) and the middle double-layer baffle plate (251) comprise solid reed wood-plastic plates (201) in the middle and steel wire nets (202) on two sides, through holes (203) penetrating through the bottoms of the lower double-layer baffle plate (241) and the middle double-layer baffle plate (251) are formed in the bottoms of the lower double-layer baffle plate (241) and the middle double-layer baffle plate (251), and nylon nets are arranged at the through holes (203);
the outside of the water storage purifying pool (3) is provided with a cement slope (31), and the other side is provided with a cement-lawn ecological slope (21); the bottom of the water storage purifying tank (3) is provided with a zeolite-cobble layer (32), a plain concrete layer (33) is paved below the zeolite-cobble layer (32), and an impermeable geomembrane is arranged between the plain concrete layer and the zeolite-cobble layer; the cement slope (31) is provided with more than two water intake pipes (34) from bottom to top.
2. The ecological purifying artificial canal island system according to claim 1, characterized in that the planting soil (253) is planted with aquatic crops or landscape plants; aquatic animals are cultured in the upper water layer (26).
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