CN109835438B - Lifting submerged buoy device - Google Patents
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- CN109835438B CN109835438B CN201811655145.XA CN201811655145A CN109835438B CN 109835438 B CN109835438 B CN 109835438B CN 201811655145 A CN201811655145 A CN 201811655145A CN 109835438 B CN109835438 B CN 109835438B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lifting submerged buoy device. The invention includes a communication buoy, a submerged buoy system and an anchor block. The submerged buoy system comprises a main floating body, an underwater winch, a control cabin, a battery cabin and various sensors. The underwater winch comprises a Kevlar cable, a motor, a winch balancing weight and a winch. The motor is connected with the winch, and the motor rotates to drive the winch to rotate; the winch is composed of two areas with different radiuses, the winch balancing weight is connected with one Kevlar cable end with a small radius coiled on the winch and freely sinks under the gravity factor, and the communication buoy is connected with the other Kevlar cable end with a large radius coiled on the winch and naturally floats upwards under the influence of buoyancy. The communication buoy is controlled to move back and forth between the sea level and the submerged buoy in a cable retracting and releasing mode through the underwater winch, and the communication buoy transmits data back in real time when being at the sea level, so that the communication buoy is recycled, and the running cost of the submerged buoy system is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of marine environment monitoring, and mainly relates to a lifting subsurface buoy mechanical structure and a satellite data transmission device.
Background
The ocean occupies about 71 percent of the total area of the earth surface, and abundant and precious resources are stored. The ocean observation technology can help people to discover and understand the ocean environment and the ecological system, promote the human beings to have deeper understanding on the ocean environment and the ecological system, and provide a large amount of life and production data for the human beings.
With the development of economy and the progress of science and technology, the demand of human beings on marine resources is increasing day by day, the marine environment plays an important role in the fields of oil and gas exploitation, marine fishery, marine disaster early warning, climate prediction and the like, and in order to better monitor and acquire the marine environment and resources, corresponding marine development strategies are successively proposed and formulated by countries in the world, so that the marine development is promoted to national height.
Modern ocean detection equipment mainly comprises submerged buoy, underwater robot, underwater glider, Argo and the like.
The buoy body is located above the sea level, and the buoy is fixed in a designated area by adopting the mooring device, so that the marine environment can be observed for a long time. Because the buoy is located at the surface of the ocean, the data collected by the buoy can be quickly transmitted back to the shore base through radio, and the buoy is very susceptible to weather, ocean currents, ships and even damage.
The submerged buoy is an underwater observer, is connected with an anchor base through an acoustic or timing releaser and is fixed to a designated area, is not influenced by the surface layer of the ocean, but has a complex data acquisition process, an underwater acoustic releaser needs to be controlled through an underwater acoustic device to release the anchor base, the whole submerged buoy returns to the sea surface by virtue of buoyancy and collects data after being manually recovered, the collection period is long, and the timeliness is poor because the data cannot be acquired in real time; the submerged buoy adopting the ocean cable to transmit data can effectively solve the problem of real-time data transmission, but the cable arrangement is complex, the corresponding cost is high, and therefore, the submerged buoy is only suitable for near coast.
An underwater robot is a system combining multiple disciplines, has a flexible, controllable and safe observation mode, and is not suitable for a long-term unattended environment. The Argo buoy is a device capable of automatically ascending and descending and simultaneously acquiring data of 0-2000 m sea depth temperature, salinity and the like, the ascending or descending is controlled by changing the volume of the Argo buoy, the ocean profile is observed while the Argo buoy ascends or descends, the ocean profile data can be effectively obtained, and after the Argo buoy ascends to the sea level, the sensor data are transmitted back to a shore base through a satellite. However, the device is not provided with a mooring device, belongs to drift type observation equipment, and cannot observe a specific area because the running track depends on ocean current.
The patent CN201510243938.0 discloses a timing satellite communication submerged buoy, which comprises a vertically arranged plastic-coated steel cable, wherein a first inductive coupling thermohaline chain, a second inductive coupling thermohaline chain, a main floating body and a deep sea ocean current and thermohaline measuring unit are arranged on the plastic-coated steel cable, and an acoustic Doppler flow velocity profiler, a satellite communication buoy, a timing release device and a data and control electronic cabin are arranged on the main floating body; the submerged buoy measuring instrument is connected with the control electronic cabin through cables and data respectively. The invention installs 1 or more satellite communication buoys on the main floating body of the submerged buoy, the observation data of the submerged buoy instrument is transmitted to the satellite communication buoys in real time under water in a cable or cable-free mode, when the set time is reached, the satellite communication buoys automatically float to the water surface, and the stored data is sent back to the shore station through the satellite, thus not only ensuring to obtain the marine observation data in time, but also knowing the working state of the submerged buoy, and having great help to the reliability, stability and the like of the submerged buoy.
Patent CN201010591392.5 discloses a marine elevating submerged buoy system in which buoys are connected to a subsea winch via a communication mooring line; a plurality of section measuring instruments are arranged on a part, close to the buoy, of a communication mooring cable between the buoy and the underwater winch at equal intervals; the underwater winch is fixed on the main floating body; the target detection system and the ADCP are both arranged on the main floating body; the anchoring and mooring mechanism comprises a glass floating ball, a response releaser and a ballast anchor which are connected in series by an anchor chain. The control center controls the buoy system to float out of the sea surface and submerge into the sea at fixed time; the target detection system detects the movable target, and when the movable target is judged to enter a preset range, the control center controls the buoy system to submerge into the sea. And when the buoy floats out of the sea surface, the received various data are transmitted to the ground shore station. The invention can realize the real-time transmission of ocean observation data and avoid the influence of wind waves and other factors on the service life of the buoy.
The invention patent can well avoid the influence of sea level ocean current, weather, ships and the like on the sea level ocean current, realize the monitoring of environmental parameters such as ocean profiles and the like in a specified sea area, and return the monitoring data by adopting a satellite communication mode, so that scientific research personnel can receive the data in real time, thereby ensuring the timeliness of the data, but still having some defects:
① main body carries a plurality of communication buoys, the device is released after the data is transmitted to one of the communication buoys, and the device is automatically destroyed after the data transmission is completed, the data transmission capability provided by the method is determined by the number of the carried communication buoys, meanwhile, the utilization rate of the communication buoys is not high, the data can be destroyed after being used once, the cost is high, ② main body carries an underwater winch to be connected with the communication buoys, the underwater winch controls the release and the recovery of the communication buoys, and a large amount of energy is consumed to overcome the underwater buoyancy in the process.
After the submerged buoy system works, in the process of recovering the submerged buoy system, as the sensors such as the floating balls, the inductive coupling temperature and salt chains and the like are installed on the mooring rope, after the anchor block is released, the whole monitoring chain of the submerged buoy floats, the length of the whole monitoring chain can reach hundreds of meters, and the submerged buoy is easily wound due to the influence of different ocean laminar flows in the floating process, so that the difficulty of salvaging and recovering is increased, measuring instruments on the mooring rope are easily damaged, and the submerged buoy system is also easily influenced by nearby ships.
Therefore, when the real-time data transmission of the submerged buoy is realized, how to reduce the operation cost of the submerged buoy system, reduce the energy consumed by the communication buoy in the underwater profile movement, and simplify the steps of launching and recovering the submerged buoy system is one of the technical problems to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a submerged buoy mechanical structure and a satellite data transmission device, which are liftable, good in concealment and low in energy consumption, and comprise a communication buoy, a submerged buoy system and an anchor seat.
The communication buoy is provided with a thermohaline depth gauge (CTD), a satellite communication module, a pressure sensor and a floating body material; the thermohaline depth gauge CTD is fixed on the side surface of the satellite communication module and is connected with the satellite communication module through a cable. The pressure sensor is fixed at the bottom of the satellite communication module and used for detecting whether the communication buoy is located at the sea level or not. The floating body material is fixed on the upper part of the satellite communication module, is made of hollow glass bead buoyancy material, has excellent performances of low density, corrosion resistance, no toxicity and the like, and provides main buoyancy for the communication buoy.
The submerged buoy system comprises a main body frame, a main floating body, an underwater winch, a control cabin, a battery cabin, an acoustic communication machine, a Doppler flow profiler, a dissolved oxygen meter, a turbidity meter and a releaser.
The main body frame is made of stainless steel, the main body frame is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and the Doppler current profiler, the control cabin and the battery cabin are fixed on the upper layer of the main body frame. The turbidity meter, the acoustic communicator, the dissolved oxygen meter and the underwater winch are fixed on the lower layer of the main body frame, and the bottom of the main body frame is connected with the releaser and is connected with the anchor block through a Kevlar cable.
The main floating body is spherical as a whole, a floating body material main body in the main floating body is made of hollow glass microsphere buoyancy materials and provides larger buoyancy for the main submerged buoy system, the main floating body is fixed on the upper portion of a main body frame through bolts and nuts, the gravity center is ensured to be on the lower portion, the submerged buoy system is enabled to float stably, the middle of the main floating body is provided with through holes, and the underwater winch cable is connected with the communication buoy through the through holes.
The control cabin is of a cylindrical structure, a watertight joint is arranged on an end cover of the control cabin, the watertight joint is connected with the underwater winch, the battery cabin, the acoustic communication machine, the Doppler flow velocity profiler, the dissolved oxygen meter, the turbidity meter and the releaser through cables, and is responsible for converting a battery power supply into a corresponding power supply and transmitting the power supply to corresponding sensors, receiving data of each sensor and controlling and maintaining normal and stable operation of the whole submerged buoy system.
The acoustic communication machine is an acoustic communication module, and the control cabin is connected through a cable to control the acoustic communication machine and is used for carrying out reliable wireless data communication with other underwater equipment.
The Doppler current profiler is used for measuring the current velocity of seawater, and stores data to the control cabin through cables, so that the current velocity is collected.
The dissolved oxygen meter is 4831F measuring equipment manufactured by AANDERAA company in Norway, is responsible for measuring the content of oxygen dissolved in seawater, and performs data interaction with a control cabin through an RS232 serial port.
The turbidimeter is used for measuring trace insoluble suspended substances contained in seawater, and an STM turbidimeter of the American Seapoint is adopted to monitor the ocean profile.
The underwater winch comprises a Kevlar cable, a motor, a winch balancing weight and a winch. The motor is connected with the winch, and the motor rotates to drive the winch to rotate; the winch is composed of two areas with different radiuses, the winch balancing weight is connected with one Kevlar cable end with a small radius coiled on the winch and freely sinks under the gravity factor, and the communication buoy is connected with the other Kevlar cable end with a large radius coiled on the winch and naturally floats upwards under the influence of buoyancy.
Preferably, all the electric control components are waterproof, anticorrosive and pressure-resistant.
Preferably, the gravity of the anchor seat is greater than the total buoyancy of the submerged buoy system and the communication buoy, and the buoyancy of the main floating body is greater than the gravity of the winch balancing weight, so that the submerged buoy system is ensured to be in a suspension state during working.
Preferably, the Kevlar cables are high-strength zero-buoyancy cables, so that the influence on the whole submerged buoy due to cable reasons is reduced, and the communication buoy is more flexible.
Preferably, the cable is arranged to two-way screw rod formula machinery of both sides about the winch control unit under water, can effectively improve and arrange cable efficiency, strengthen the stability of system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the data transmission device effectively solves the problem that the data of the traditional submerged buoy is difficult to return, controls the communication buoy to move back and forth between the sea level and the submerged buoy in a cable-retracting and cable-releasing mode by using the underwater winch, and returns the data in real time when the communication buoy is at the sea level, so that the communication buoy is recycled, the running cost of a submerged buoy system is reduced, and meanwhile, the working period of the submerged buoy system is prolonged; when the submerged buoy system is released and recovered, the underwater winch recovers the communication buoy without considering the problems of cable winding and the like caused by the separation state of the communication buoy and the submerged buoy body, and convenience is brought to releasing and recovering work. The lifting submerged buoy mechanical structure can effectively reduce energy consumption generated when the underwater winch receives and releases the cable, a communication buoy and balancing weight self-balancing structure is adopted, the underwater winch is used for changing the mode that the self-balancing structure is located underwater, the communication buoy carries out underwater profile movement, the mode avoids work of overcoming buoyancy of the traditional underwater winch when the communication buoy is recovered, and energy consumption is effectively reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting type submerged buoy data sending device in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an elevating type submerged buoy data transmitting device of an embodiment of the invention, which comprises a communication buoy 1, a submerged buoy system 2 and an anchor base 3, wherein the communication buoy 1 is provided with a thermohaline depth gauge CTD11, a satellite communication module 12, a pressure sensor 13 and a floating body material 14; the thermohaloscope CTD11 is fixed on the side of the satellite communication module 12 and connected with the satellite communication module 12 through a cable. A pressure sensor 13 is fixed to the bottom of the satellite communication module 12 for detecting whether the communication buoy 1 is located at sea level. The floating body material 14 is fixed on the upper part of the satellite communication module 12, is made of hollow glass microsphere floating material, has the excellent performances of low density, corrosion resistance, no toxicity and the like, and provides main buoyancy for the communication buoy 1.
The submerged buoy system 2 comprises a main body frame 21, a main floating body 22, a subsea winch 23, a control cabin 24, a battery cabin 25, an acoustic communicator 26, a Doppler flow profiler 27, a dissolved oxygen meter 28, a turbidity meter 29 and a releaser 210.
The main body frame 21 is made of stainless steel, the main body frame 21 is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and the Doppler current profiler 27, the control cabin 24 and the battery cabin 25 are fixed on the upper layer of the main body frame 21. The acoustic communicator 26, the dissolved oxygen meter 28, the turbidity meter 29 and the underwater winch 23 are fixed at the lower layer of the main body frame 21, the bottom of the main body frame 21 is connected with the releaser 210, and is connected with the anchor bed 3 through the Kevlar cable 32.
The whole main floating body 22 is spherical, a floating body material main body in the main floating body 22 is made of hollow glass microsphere buoyancy materials, larger buoyancy is provided for the submerged buoy system 2, the main floating body is fixed on the upper portion of the main body frame 21 through bolts and nuts, the gravity center is ensured to be on the lower half portion, the submerged buoy system 2 is enabled to float stably, the middle portion of the main floating body 22 is provided with through holes, and the underwater winch cable is connected with the communication buoy 1 through the through holes.
The control cabin 24 is of a cylindrical structure, the end cover of the control cabin is provided with a watertight joint, the watertight joint is connected with the underwater winch 23, the battery cabin 25, the acoustic communication machine 26, the Doppler flow velocity profiler 27, the dissolved oxygen meter 28, the turbidity meter 29 and the releaser 210 through cables, and is responsible for converting a battery power supply into a corresponding power supply and transmitting the power supply to corresponding sensors, receiving data of each sensor and controlling and maintaining the normal and stable work of the whole submerged buoy system 2.
The acoustic communicator 26 is an acoustic communication module, and the control cabin 24 controls the acoustic communication module through cable connection, so as to perform reliable wireless data communication with other underwater equipment.
The doppler velocity profiler 27 is used to measure the velocity of the sea and store the data in the control cabin 24 by cable, so as to collect the velocity of the sea.
The dissolved oxygen meter 28 is a 4831F measuring device manufactured by AANDERAA company in Norway, is responsible for measuring the content of oxygen dissolved in seawater, and performs data interaction with the control cabin 24 through an RS232 serial port.
The turbidimeter 29 is used for measuring the content of trace insoluble suspended substances in seawater, and an STM turbidimeter of the American Seapoint is adopted to monitor the ocean profile.
The underwater winch 23 comprises a Kevlar cable 231, a motor 232, a winch balancing weight 233, a winch 234 and a Kevlar cable 235. The motor 232 is connected with the winch 234, and the motor 232 rotates to drive the winch 234 to rotate; the winch 234 can be divided into two areas with different radiuses, the end of the Kevlar cable 235 connected with the winch balancing weight 233 is coiled on the winch 234 in the area with a small radius and freely sinks under the gravity factor, and the end of the Kevlar cable 231 connected with the communication buoy 1 is coiled on the winch 234 in the area with a large radius and naturally floats upwards under the influence of buoyancy. The communication buoy 1 and the winch counterweight 233 form a self-balancing structure through the winch 234, and the underwater winch 23 controls the winch 234 to rotate so as to adjust the position of the structure in the water. The winch 234 is provided with two different radius areas, which is beneficial to prevent the winch counterweight 233 from bottoming out and breaking the self-balancing structure with the communication buoy 1 during the process of recovering the communication buoy 1, because the circumference of the winch with a small radius is shorter than that of the winch with a large radius, and the distance of the cable released by the winch with a small radius is shorter than that of the cable recovered by the large radius.
The anchor base 3 is composed of a cement block 31, the upper end of the Kevlar cable 32 is connected with the releaser 210, and the lower end of the Kevlar cable is connected with the anchor base 3.
With the above arrangement, the communication buoy 1, the submerged buoy system 2 and the anchor block 3 are all underwater.
The following briefly describes the operation of the submerged buoy data transmission device.
1. The submerged buoy realizes the function of base data acquisition.
The whole system is thrown to the sea bottom, the cement block 31 is sunk to the sea bottom by the self gravity, and the submerged buoy system 2 and the communication buoy 1 are fixed in a designated sea area through the second Kevlar cable 32. The submersible system 2 begins collecting and storing environmental data while communicating with other devices via the acoustic communicator 26.
2. And a data return function.
When the data transmission condition is met, the submerged buoy system 2 releases the communication buoy 1, the control cabin 24 sends a cable releasing instruction to the underwater winch 23 through the cable, the motor 232 drives the winch 234 to rotate, the cable end of the communication buoy is released by the winch 234, the cable end of the winch balancing weight 233 is collected, the gravity of the winch balancing weight 233 and the buoyancy of the communication buoy 1 are offset, and therefore balance is achieved, and energy consumption of the underwater winch 23 is reduced. When the sea level is reached, the satellite communication module 12 starts to work, the control cabin 24 starts to transmit data to the satellite communication module 12 through the Kevlar cable 231, after the data transmission is completed, the satellite communication module 12 sends a cable retracting instruction to the control cabin 24, the underwater winch 23 starts to retract the communication buoy 1, and the winch 234 retracts the cable end of the communication buoy and simultaneously releases the cable end of the winch balancing weight 233.
3. Specific depth monitoring function
In the process of floating up or sinking down, the communication buoy 1 can start a thermohaline depth meter CTD11 to monitor the ocean profile; during the communication process of the communication buoy 1 and the satellite, shore-based personnel can send specific depth monitoring instructions to the communication buoy, and control the communication buoy to observe and record ocean data at a specified depth through the thermohaline CTD 11.
4. Fault alarm function
Due to the complex marine environment, if some irresistible factors cause the problems of cable breakage or abnormal communication and the like between the communication buoy 1 and the submerged buoy system 2, the communication buoy 1 sends a fault alarm to shore-based personnel through a self spare battery.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a lift-type submerged buoy device, includes communication buoy, submerged buoy system and anchor socket, its characterized in that:
the communication buoy is provided with a thermohaline depth gauge (CTD), a satellite communication module, a pressure sensor and a floating body material; the thermohaline depth gauge CTD is fixed on the side surface of the satellite communication module and is connected with the satellite communication module through a cable; the pressure sensor is fixed at the bottom of the satellite communication module and used for detecting whether the communication buoy is positioned at the sea level or not; the floating body material is fixed on the upper part of the satellite communication module and provides main buoyancy for the communication buoy;
the submerged buoy system comprises a main body frame, a main floating body, an underwater winch, a control cabin, a battery cabin, an acoustic communication machine, a Doppler flow profiler, a dissolved oxygen meter, a turbidity meter and a releaser;
the main body frame is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and the Doppler current profiler, the control cabin and the battery cabin are fixed on the upper layer of the main body frame; the turbidity meter, the acoustic communicator, the dissolved oxygen meter and the underwater winch are fixed on the lower layer of the main body frame, and the bottom of the main body frame is connected with the releaser and is connected with the anchor block through a first Kevlar cable;
the main floating body is integrally spherical and is fixed on the upper part of the main body frame through bolts and nuts, the gravity center is ensured to be at the lower half part, so that the submerged buoy system floats stably, the middle part of the main floating body is provided with through holes, and the underwater winch cable is connected with the communication buoy through the through holes;
the underwater winch comprises a motor, a winch balancing weight, a winch, a second Kevlar cable and a third Kevlar cable; the motor is connected with the winch, and the motor rotates to drive the winch to rotate; the winch is composed of two areas with different radiuses, the winch balancing weight is connected with a second Kevlar cable end coiled in the area with the small radius of the winch and freely sinks under the gravity factor, and the communication buoy is connected with a third Kevlar cable end coiled in the area with the large radius of the winch and naturally floats under the influence of buoyancy.
2. The elevating submersible buoy device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the floating body material is made of hollow glass microsphere buoyancy material.
3. The elevating submersible buoy device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the control cabin is of a cylindrical structure, a watertight joint is arranged on an end cover of the control cabin, the watertight joint is connected with the underwater winch, the battery cabin, the acoustic communication machine, the Doppler flow velocity profiler, the dissolved oxygen meter, the turbidity meter and the releaser through cables, and is responsible for converting a battery power supply into a corresponding power supply and transmitting the power supply to corresponding sensors, receiving data of each sensor and controlling and maintaining normal and stable operation of the whole submerged buoy system.
4. The elevating submersible buoy device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the acoustic communication machine is an acoustic communication module, and the control cabin is connected with the acoustic communication module through a cable to control the acoustic communication module and is used for carrying out reliable wireless data communication with other underwater equipment; the Doppler flow velocity profiler is used for measuring the flow velocity of seawater, and storing data to the control cabin through a cable to realize the acquisition of the flow velocity; the dissolved oxygen meter is 4831F measuring equipment manufactured by AANDERAA company in Norway, is responsible for measuring the content of oxygen dissolved in seawater, and performs data interaction with the control cabin through an RS232 serial port; the turbidimeter is used for measuring trace insoluble suspended substances contained in seawater, and an STM turbidimeter of the American Seapoint is adopted to monitor the ocean profile.
5. The elevating submersible buoy device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gravity of the anchor seat is larger than the total buoyancy of the submerged buoy system and the communication buoy, and the buoyancy of the main floating body is larger than the gravity of the winch balancing weight, so that the submerged buoy system is ensured to be in a suspension state during working.
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| CN117664187A (en) * | 2024-02-02 | 2024-03-08 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Submerged buoy real-time health state monitoring system and submerged buoy real-time health state monitoring method based on underwater acoustic communication |
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