CN109817843B - Method for forming microlens array in OLED display and microlens array - Google Patents
Method for forming microlens array in OLED display and microlens array Download PDFInfo
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- CN109817843B CN109817843B CN201910090002.7A CN201910090002A CN109817843B CN 109817843 B CN109817843 B CN 109817843B CN 201910090002 A CN201910090002 A CN 201910090002A CN 109817843 B CN109817843 B CN 109817843B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for forming a micro-lens array in an OLED display and the micro-lens array. The method comprises the following steps: providing an OLED panel, wherein a light emitting surface of the OLED panel is provided with an encapsulation structure; forming a graphical grid structure on the packaging structure, wherein grid units in the grid structure are square grids or regular hexagonal grids; filling liquid drops in the grid cells, wherein the liquid drops in the adjacent grids are isolated from each other; and curing the dropping liquid to form the micro-lens array. The invention provides a method for forming a micro-lens array in an OLED display, which can be used for forming a special-shaped micro-lens array in an OLED device. Compared with the prior art, the invention can further improve the duty ratio of the micro-lens array on the premise of saving cost and improve the device performance of the OLED.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of electronic display, and more particularly, to a method of forming a microlens array in an OLED display and a microlens array.
Background
The micro-lens array is prepared on the light-emitting surface of the OLED to reduce the total reflection of the light-emitting surface, and the method is an effective means for improving the light-emitting efficiency of the OLED display panel. In general, the smaller the diameter, the larger the radial ratio, and the higher the duty cycle of the microlens array, the higher the light extraction efficiency thereof. Since microlenses typically have a circular bottom surface, the duty cycle is structurally limited, with a theoretical limit of about 91%. The duty ratio of the microlens array can be further improved by manufacturing the microlens into the anisotropic aperture microlens with the square or regular hexagon bottom surface, and the theoretical limit can reach 100%.
However, the process for preparing the special-shaped aperture micro-lens is very complex, in the current research, photoetching, wet etching, nano-imprinting and the like are mostly adopted, a very precise mold is needed to realize the preparation of the special-shaped aperture micro-lens, and the defects of high cost, complex process, difficulty in precise control, difficulty in large-area production and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for forming a micro-lens array in an OLED display, which aims to solve the technical problem that special-shaped aperture micro-lenses are difficult to prepare.
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method of forming a microlens array in an OLED display, comprising the steps of:
providing an OLED panel, wherein a light emitting surface of the OLED panel is provided with an encapsulation structure;
forming a graphical grid structure on the packaging structure, wherein grid units in the grid structure are square grids or regular hexagonal grids;
filling liquid drops in the grid cells, wherein the liquid drops in the adjacent grids are isolated from each other;
and curing the dropping liquid to form the micro-lens array.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the patterned grid structure formed on the package structure is a micro-nano barrier grid, and the micro-nano barrier grid is a micro-nano wall deposited on the package structure.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the height of the micro-nano wall is less than or equal to the thickness of a lens unit in the microlens array, the thickness of the micro-nano wall is less than or equal to one tenth of the diameter of a lens unit in the microlens array, and the side length of the grid is greater than or equal to 10 micrometers and less than or equal to 200 micrometers.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method for manufacturing the micro-nano wall comprises:
and printing polyvinylidene fluoride on the surface of the packaging structure through electrospinning to form a grid structure consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride fibers.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the patterned grid structure formed on the package structure is a surface-differentiated grid, and the surface-differentiated grid is a grid structure in which a surface of the package structure in the grid and a grid line surface of the surface-differentiated grid have different contact angles.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, wherein a contact angle of a surface material of the encapsulation structure is less than 90 °, and a contact angle of a material of a grid line surface of the differentiation grid is greater than 90 °; wherein,
the height of grid lines of the surface differentiation grid is smaller than or equal to the thickness of lens units in the micro lens array, the thickness of the grid lines is smaller than or equal to one tenth of the diameter of the lens units in the micro lens array, and the side length of the grid is larger than or equal to 10 micrometers and smaller than or equal to 200 micrometers.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for manufacturing the surface-differentiated grid includes:
providing a mask combination, wherein the mask combination comprises a first mask for preparing a transverse grid and a second mask for preparing a longitudinal combination;
evaporating polytetrafluoroethylene on the surface of the packaging structure by using the first mask to form a transverse grid;
and evaporating polytetrafluoroethylene on the surface of the packaging structure by using the second mask to form a longitudinal grid.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, wherein the dropping liquid has fluidity, and includes any one of an ultraviolet curing type liquid and a heat curing type liquid; wherein the light transmittance of the solid material formed after the liquid drops are solidified is greater than or equal to 90%, and the refractive index is greater than or equal to 1.4.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a micro-lens array which is positioned on the packaging structure outside the light-emitting surface of the OLED panel; the micro-lens array comprises a graphical grid structure and micro-lenses filling the grid structure, wherein grid units in the grid structure are square grids or regular hexagonal grids.
According to a specific embodiment of the invention, the patterned grid structure is a micro-nano barrier grid and/or a surface differentiation grid; the micro-nano barrier grid is a micro-nano wall deposited on a packaging structure, and the surface differentiation grid is a grid structure in which the surface of the packaging structure and the surface of grid lines of the surface differentiation grid have different contact angles.
The invention provides a method for forming a micro-lens array in an OLED display, which can be used for forming a special-shaped micro-lens array in an OLED device. The invention employs electrohydrodynamic jet printing techniques to form a grid on the surface of an OLED structure for separating adjacent microlenses, and similarly, droplets of a curable solution are printed in the grid using electrohydrodynamic jet printing techniques, and then the droplets are cured in the grid to form the microlenses. The electrohydrodynamic jet printing technology can form grids with any shapes, and can easily form a microlens array with a square or regular hexagon structure on the surface of the OLED structure. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention can further improve the duty ratio of the micro lens array on the premise of saving cost and improve the device performance of the OLED.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a surface view of an encapsulation structure of an OLED display in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a grid structure formed on the surface of the package structure in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a microlens array formed in the lattice structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a grid structure formed on the surface of the package structure of FIG. 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a method of forming the lattice structure on the surface of the encapsulation structure by electrospinning;
fig. 6 to 9 are schematic diagrams of a method for forming the grid structure on the surface of the package structure by evaporation;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a method of filling droplets in the grid cells in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 to 14 are partial cross-sectional views of OLED display panels with microlens arrays in different embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the various embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings that illustrate specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. The directional terms mentioned in the present invention, such as [ upper ], [ lower ], [ front ], [ rear ], [ left ], [ right ], [ inner ], [ outer ], [ side ], are only referring to the directions of the attached drawings. Accordingly, the directional terms used are used for explanation and understanding of the present invention, and are not used for limiting the present invention. In the drawings, elements having similar structures are denoted by the same reference numerals.
The invention provides a method for forming a micro-lens array in an OLED display, which comprises the following steps:
providing an OLED panel, wherein a light emitting surface of the OLED panel is provided with an encapsulation structure;
forming a graphical grid structure on the packaging structure, wherein grid units in the grid structure are square grids or regular hexagonal grids;
filling liquid drops in the grid cells, wherein the liquid drops in the adjacent grids are isolated from each other;
and curing the dropping liquid to form the micro-lens array.
The above steps will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring first to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a surface view of an encapsulation structure of an OLED display in an embodiment of the present invention. In order to reduce the total reflection of the light-emitting surface of the OLED display screen. The micro-lens array is arranged on the outer side of the packaging structure of the OLED display screen. The packaging structure is a thin film packaging structure and/or a glass cover plate packaging structure; when the packaging structure is a film packaging structure, the film packaging structure comprises at least one layer of organic packaging film and at least one layer of inorganic packaging film. In this embodiment, the package structure is a stacked thin film package structure, and preferably, an outermost layer of the package structure is an organic thin film.
Then, as shown in fig. 2, a patterned grid structure is formed on the package structure, and grid cells in the grid structure are square grids or regular hexagonal grids. The square grids and the regular hexagonal grids can effectively improve the duty ratio of the micro-lens array and enable the duty ratio to be close to 100%. Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a grid structure formed on the surface of the package structure in fig. 1, wherein the grid structure is square. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a grid structure formed on the surface of the package structure in fig. 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the grid structure is a regular hexagon. In other embodiments, the mesh structure may also be triangular, rectangular, or other positive multiple variations.
In this embodiment, the patterned grid structure formed on the package structure is a micro-nano barrier grid, and the micro-nano barrier grid is a micro-nano wall deposited on the package structure. Specifically, the height of the micro-nano wall is less than or equal to the thickness of a lens unit in the microlens array, the thickness of the micro-nano wall is less than or equal to one tenth of the diameter of the lens unit in the microlens array, and the side length of the grid is greater than or equal to 10 micrometers and less than or equal to 200 micrometers.
Referring to fig. 5, in this embodiment, a manufacturing method of the micro-nano wall includes:
and printing polyvinylidene fluoride on the surface of the packaging structure through electrospinning to form a grid structure consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride fibers.
The polyvinylidene fluoride is high-temperature resistant, oxidation resistant and wear resistant, has good flexibility and expansion strength, and is a preferred material for preparing a grid structure by using an electrospinning technology.
Electrospinning is one of the electrohydrodynamic jet printing techniques. Electrohydrodynamic jet printing is one of the most potential technological approaches in printed electronics. Different from the traditional ink-jet process which adopts a squeezing printing mode, the electrofluid ink-jet printing adopts the space electric field drive, and liquid drops with extremely small diameter are ejected from the top end of the Taylor cone in a pulling mode. The process mode can realize printing of submicron-level liquid drops, is easy to spray and not easy to block, and the resolution is not influenced by the diameter of the nozzle. The method comprises three printing process forms of electrospinning, electrospray and electrospray. Among them, the electrospinning technology is one of the technologies capable of manufacturing submicron and even nano fibers, and has the advantages of being capable of printing out high-viscosity solution, easily producing fibers and the like. Electrospray is a technique for realizing solution deposition by atomizing droplets using a spatial electric field, and can generate droplets having a very small size and realize uniform distribution of the droplets.
Specifically, taking the square grid structure of polyvinylidene fluoride fiber prepared by electrospinning as an example, the process for preparing the micro-nano barrier grid comprises the following steps: preparing polyvinylidene fluoride solution for electrospinning. Taking 3.6g of polyvinylidene fluoride solid, 8.2mL of each of DMF and acetone, mixing the polyvinylidene fluoride solid and the DMF to serve as a solvent, mixing the polyvinylidene fluoride and the solvent, and stirring and heating at 40 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain a polyvinylidene fluoride solution.
And then, fixing the OLED display screen 2 on the bearing table 1, and preparing the special-shaped grid structure 3 on the surface of the OLED display screen by adopting electrospinning. The electrospinning device comprises a power supply 7, an electrospray taylor cone 4 and a spray head 5. Taking a square as an example, the nozzle 5 is a metal flat-mouth needle with an outer diameter of 510 μm and an inner diameter of 260 μm. The height of the electrospinning thread 6 is 8mm, the voltage 1500V is applied to the nozzle, and the pattern printed by the electrospinning thread is controlled through the movement of the bearing table 1. In the embodiment, the moving speed of the bearing table 1 is 100-400 mm/min, the diameter of the obtained spinning fiber is 0.1-2 μm, the grid pattern formed by the fiber is square, and the side length is 10-200 μm.
The fiber diameter is controlled by controlling the flow rate of spinning and the speed of a substrate, the fiber diameter needs to be matched with the side length of a grid, the duty ratio of the micro lens is ensured to be more than 95%, and if the side length is 20 mu m, the fiber diameter is controlled to be less than 0.5 mu m.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the mesh structure is formed using an electrospinning technique, and droplets are printed in the mesh structure using an electrospray technique.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the patterned grid structure formed on the packaging structure is a surface-differentiated grid, and the surface-differentiated grid is a grid structure in which the surface of the packaging structure in the grid and the grid line surface of the surface-differentiated grid have different contact angles. Specifically, the contact angle of the surface material of the packaging structure is smaller than 90 degrees, and the contact angle of the material on the surface of the grid lines of the differentiated grid is larger than 90 degrees; the height of grid lines of the surface differentiation grid is smaller than or equal to the thickness of lens units in the micro lens array, the thickness of the grid lines is smaller than or equal to one tenth of the diameter of the lens units in the micro lens array, and the side length of the grid is larger than or equal to 10 micrometers and smaller than or equal to 200 micrometers.
Specifically, referring to fig. 6 to 9, fig. 6 to 9 are schematic diagrams of a method for forming the grid structure on the surface of the package structure by evaporation. In this embodiment, the method for manufacturing the surface-differentiated mesh includes:
providing a mask combination, wherein the mask combination comprises a first mask for preparing a transverse grid and a second mask for preparing a longitudinal combination; then, as shown in fig. 6, evaporating teflon on the surface of the package structure by using the first mask 8 to form a transverse grid 9, as shown in fig. 7; then, as shown in fig. 8, teflon is evaporated on the surface of the package structure using the second mask 10 to form a vertical grid 11, as shown in fig. 9.
Then, filling liquid drops in the grid units by adopting an electrospray technology, wherein the liquid drops in adjacent grids are isolated from each other; the dropping liquid has fluidity. The dropping liquid includes any one of an ultraviolet curing type liquid and a thermosetting type liquid. In this embodiment, in order to provide the microlens array with good light transmittance and light-condensing property, the light transmittance of the solid material formed after the curing of the drop liquid is preferably 90% or more, and the refractive index is preferably 1.4 or more.
In this example, the drops are epoxy resin solutions that can be cured by ultraviolet light at a curing wavelength of 395nm, a transparency of 95% and a refractive index of about 1.5. Specifically, as shown in fig. 10, the OLED display panel is fixed on a carrier 13, and epoxy drops 14 are formed in the grid structure 12. The specific printing process is a common technical means in the field, and is not described herein again.
Finally, as shown in fig. 3, the drops are cured to form a microlens array.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a micro-lens array which is positioned on the packaging structure outside the light-emitting surface of the OLED panel. The packaging structure is a thin film packaging structure and/or a glass cover plate packaging structure; when the packaging structure is a film packaging structure, the film packaging structure comprises at least one layer of organic packaging film and at least one layer of inorganic packaging film. In this embodiment, the package structure is a stacked thin film package structure, and preferably, an outermost layer of the package structure is an organic thin film.
In this embodiment, the microlens array includes a patterned grid structure and microlenses filling the grid structure. Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the grid cells in the grid structure are square grids or regular hexagonal grids. Specifically, the graphical grid structure is a micro-nano barrier grid and/or a surface differentiation grid; the micro-nano barrier grid is a micro-nano wall deposited on the packaging structure, and the surface differentiation grid is a grid structure in which the surface of the packaging structure in the grid and the surface of grid lines of the surface differentiation grid have different contact angles.
Referring to fig. 11 to 14, fig. 11 to 14 are partial sectional views of OLED display panels with microlens arrays according to various embodiments of the present invention. Fig. 11 is a partial cross section of a microlens array formed by using a micro-nano barrier grid 15, and fig. 12 is a partial cross section of a microlens array formed by using an evaporation differentiation grid 16.
In this embodiment, the microlens array may be located above the inorganic thin film of the encapsulation structure of the OLED display, as shown in fig. 13, where 11 is the OLED display, 21 is the first encapsulation inorganic layer, and the microlens array is located on the first encapsulation inorganic layer. The microlens array may also be located above the organic thin film of the encapsulation structure of the OLED display, as shown in fig. 14, where 11 is the OLED display, 21 is the first encapsulation inorganic layer, 31 is the first encapsulation organic layer, and the microlens array is located above the first encapsulation organic layer.
The invention provides a method for forming a micro-lens array in an OLED display, which can be used for forming a special-shaped micro-lens array in an OLED device. The invention employs electrohydrodynamic jet printing techniques to form a grid on the surface of an OLED structure for separating adjacent microlenses, and similarly, droplets of a curable solution are printed in the grid using electrohydrodynamic jet printing techniques, and then the droplets are cured in the grid to form the microlenses. The electrohydrodynamic jet printing technology can form grids with any shapes, and can easily form a microlens array with a square or regular hexagon structure on the surface of the OLED structure. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention can further improve the duty ratio of the micro lens array on the premise of saving cost and improve the device performance of the OLED.
In summary, although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, the above-described preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, therefore, the scope of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method of forming a microlens array in an OLED display, comprising the steps of:
providing an OLED panel, wherein a light emitting surface of the OLED panel is provided with an encapsulation structure;
forming a graphical grid structure on the packaging structure, wherein grid units in the grid structure are square grids or regular hexagonal grids;
filling liquid drops in the grid cells, wherein the liquid drops in the adjacent grids are isolated from each other;
curing the drops to form a microlens array;
the method for manufacturing the surface differential grid comprises the following steps of:
providing a mask combination, wherein the mask combination comprises a first mask for preparing a transverse grid and a second mask for preparing a longitudinal combination;
evaporating polytetrafluoroethylene on the surface of the packaging structure by using the first mask to form a transverse grid;
evaporating polytetrafluoroethylene on the surface of the packaging structure by using the second mask to form a longitudinal grid;
the surface differentiation grid is a grid structure in which the surface of the packaging structure in the grid and the grid line surface of the surface differentiation grid have different contact angles, the contact angle of the surface material of the packaging structure is smaller than 90 degrees, and the contact angle of the material on the grid line surface of the surface differentiation grid is larger than 90 degrees;
the height of grid lines of the surface differentiation grid is smaller than or equal to the thickness of lens units in the micro lens array, the thickness of the grid lines is smaller than or equal to one tenth of the diameter of the lens units in the micro lens array, and the side length of the grid is larger than or equal to 10 micrometers and smaller than or equal to 200 micrometers.
2. The method of forming a microlens array as set forth in claim 1, wherein the dropping liquid has fluidity including any one of an ultraviolet curing type liquid, a heat curing type liquid; wherein,
the light transmittance of the solid material formed after the dropping liquid is solidified is greater than or equal to 90%, and the refractive index is greater than or equal to 1.4.
3. The micro lens array is characterized in that the micro lens array is positioned on a packaging structure outside a light-emitting surface of an OLED panel; the microlens array comprises a patterned grid structure and microlenses filling the grid structure, the microlenses being solid, wherein,
the grid cells in the grid structure are square grids or regular hexagonal grids;
the graphical grid structure is a surface differentiation grid; wherein the surface-differentiated grid is a grid structure in which the surface of the encapsulation structure in the grid and the grid line surface of the surface-differentiated grid have different contact angles, the contact angle of the surface material of the encapsulation structure is less than 90 °, and the contact angle of the material of the grid line surface of the surface-differentiated grid is greater than 90 °;
the height of grid lines of the surface differentiation grid is smaller than or equal to the thickness of lens units in the micro lens array, the thickness of the grid lines is smaller than or equal to one tenth of the diameter of the lens units in the micro lens array, and the side length of the grid is larger than or equal to 10 micrometers and smaller than or equal to 200 micrometers.
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| CN104536260A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-22 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Combination type mask plate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105161514A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-12-16 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel, preparation method thereof and display device |
| CN107046047A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-08-15 | 广东聚华印刷显示技术有限公司 | Pixel cell of printed form electroluminescent device and its preparation method and application |
| CN108511133A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-07 | 南昌大学 | It is a kind of exempt from transfer, high cohesiveness metal grill transparent electrode preparation method |
| CN108831905A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-11-16 | 东南大学 | A kind of infrared acquisition based on semiconductor-quantum-point-visible light shows integrated system, preparation method and imaging method |
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