CN109792991A - A kind of fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide - Google Patents
A kind of fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide Download PDFInfo
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- CN109792991A CN109792991A CN201910141182.7A CN201910141182A CN109792991A CN 109792991 A CN109792991 A CN 109792991A CN 201910141182 A CN201910141182 A CN 201910141182A CN 109792991 A CN109792991 A CN 109792991A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide, its active constituent includes 0.5~1 part of epsilon-polylysine, 0.2~0.5 part of amino-oligosaccharide and 0.03-0.08 parts of Weilan gum.In three kinds of components of the fungicide, epsilon-polylysine plays a leading role for biological bactericide, amino-oligosaccharide helps out for chemical bactericide, by adjusting the ratio of the molecular weight and epsilon-polylysine of epsilon-polylysine, amino-oligosaccharide, Weilan gum, it can reach synergistic effect, it is optimal the novel agricultural fungicide effect, and substantially reduces chemical bactericide dosage, reduces pesticide residue.In addition, its as fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping agent in use, saccharomycete can be killed effectively, extend the preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing phase.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to disinfectant use in agriculture, especially a kind of fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide.
Background technique
Plant disease is always one of the important restriction factor of crops good quality and high output.It is estimated that global staple crops
Because average loss accounts for about the 10%~15% of total output caused by by invading pathogens, annual direct economic loss is up to hundreds billion of
Dollar.
Agricultural is that fungicide usage amount is maximum, and kind used is most, a most wide field of use scope.Disinfectant use in agriculture
Referring to play pathogen inhibits the substance of perhaps killing effect to have kill germ spore, mycelium or inhibit it to develop, is raw
Long effect.However, the fungicide applied in current agricultural production is mainly chemical classes medicament, easily biological-degradable, is not remained easily,
Long-time service easily causes environmental pollution, and food-safe constitutes a threat to.Ideal fungicide should have high efficiency, Gao Xuan
Selecting property, it is environmentally friendly, to plant without phytotoxicity and the disease resistance of plant can be improved, do not put aside in people, animal body.In recent years,
It is more and more to the research of biological source bactericide.Biological bactericide have additive amount is few, use cost is low, bactericidal effect is obvious,
The advantages that harmless to the human body, no pollution to the environment.
Although biological bactericide has environmental-friendly advantage, however, being tended to out when biological bactericide is used alone
The problems such as existing bactericidal range is narrow, and control efficiency is poor, and application dosage is also easy to produce greatly drug resistance, and application times add environmental pollution again.
The germ of resistance is agriculturally generated for preventing and treating, a kind of method is to release the new new component with existing kind no interactions resistance.
But the development cost of new effective component is high, the development cycle is long, and does not all catch up with the speed that germ generates resistance forever.
Other methods such as crop structure adjustment, different pesticide rotations etc. are difficult really to play obvious during practical operation
Effect.Although biological bactericide and chemical bactericide are applied in combination, sterilization effectiveness can be significantly improved, and can effectively prolong
The degradation time of growth fungicide.But since combined bactericide ingredient is polynary, pathogen can be made to form fungicide resistance to
Pharmacological property.Currently marketed biological bactericide is mostly chemical classes medicament, easily causes toxic residue on crop and fruit, is pacified to food
Threat is brought entirely.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, provide a kind of microbicide compositions, with
The usage amount of chemical bactericide is reduced, toxic residue is reduced, improves foodsafety.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the sterilization containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide that the invention discloses a kind of
Agent, its active constituent include the component remembered by weight as follows:
0.5~1 part of epsilon-polylysine,
0.1~0.5 part of amino-oligosaccharide,
0.03~0.08 part of Weilan gum.
Wherein, epsilon-polylysine (ε-Polylysine) is a kind of being led to by 25~45 lysine residues for Microbe synthesis
The lysine polymers crossing Alpha-hydroxy and epsilon-amino formation amido bond and connecting into.The antimicrobial spectrum of epsilon-polylysine is very wide, to leather
Lan Shi positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, saccharomycete, mould etc. have good inhibiting effect.Its dominant mechanism is the poly- bad ammonia of ε-
Acid forms hole on film, destroys the membrane structure of microorganism in conjunction with somatic cells film, leads to a small amount of intracellular molten beyond the region of objective existence
It lets out, but cell quality remains unchanged, still survives.Then epsilon-polylysine continues to act on somatic cells, passes through the hole on film
Road enters cell, and then influences the structure and function of cell membrane, destroys the normal physiological metabolism of bacterium, cause cell substance,
The transmitting of energy and information is had an effect with cell interior substance, is destroyed cell core, is eventually led to cell death.Poly- bad ammonia
Acid is a kind of special-shaped polypeptide, can finally be degraded to lysine salt, slowly provide nutrition for plant growth.
Amino-oligosaccharide (chitosan oligosaccharide) refers to D- Glucosamine with β-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae glucosides key connection oligosaccharide, by chitin
Matter is degraded to degrade again after chitosan less toxic fungicide that is obtained, or being extracted by microbial fermentation.Amino-oligosaccharide (agriculture grade shell
Oligosaccharides) inhibiting effect can be generated to the growth of some germs, influence fungus spore germination, induce hypha form morph, spore
Interior biochemistry changes.Can excite gene in plant, generate the chitinase with resistant effect, dextranase, protect element and
PR albumen etc., and there is cell activation effect, facilitate the recovery of aggrieved plant, promoting root growth strong sprout enhances the resistance of crop, promotees
Into plant growth and development.Amino-oligosaccharide solution has antivirus, bactericidal, fungicidal action.There is micro (PPM in upper application
Grade), efficiently, low cost, it is nuisanceless the features such as.
Preferably, the average molecular weight of epsilon-polylysine is 1000-5500Da in the fungicide.
Further, the killing effect to different type pathogen, tool are realized by adjusting the molecular weight of epsilon-polylysine
Body are as follows:
When epsilon-polylysine molecular weight is 1000-2000Da, the fungicide mainly kills gram-negative venereal bacteria；
When epsilon-polylysine molecular weight is 2000-3500Da, it is blue that the fungicide can kill gram-negative venereal bacteria, leather
Family name's positive germ, saccharomycete；
When epsilon-polylysine molecular weight is 3500-5500Da, the fungicide can kill mould.
Specifically, the epsilon-polylysine is epsilon-polylysine sterling, epsilon-polylysine fermentation liquid or epsilon-polylysine hair
Zymotic fluid is spray-dried pulvis.
Epsilon-polylysine fermentation liquid includes the epsilon-polylysine hair that bacterial strain and fermentation medium are produced containing epsilon-polylysine
The concentrate or dried object of zymotic fluid, epsilon-polylysine fermentation liquid.
Certainly, above-mentioned epsilon-polylysine can be with having chelated one or more elements such as Na, K, Ca, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe
The replacement of epsilon-polylysine salt.
Above-mentioned fungicide is protected preferably at drying by the way that epsilon-polylysine, amino-oligosaccharide and Weilan gum to be uniformly mixed so as to obtain
It deposits.
The present invention has wide range of applications containing the fungicide of epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide, can be to soil as fungicide
Lead to pathogen such as pythium spp, the rhizoctonia of soil-borne disease in earth, take turns branch spore as sharp spore sickle, Huang wither, to initiation crop common disease
Harmful pathogen such as Fusarium oxysporum, gibberella etc. has significant control efficiency.
Fungicide of the present invention generallys use spraying method, can also take other realities according to agriculture needs of production
Use technology.
Working mechanism:
Weilan gum is fungicide synergistic component, has superpower wet, extension, adhesive ability, and strong osmotic keeps medical fluid through
Target, effect rapidly, improve resistance of rainwater washing against ability, destroy wax coat and eliminate resistance, improve the killing effect to germ.
In three kinds of components of the fungicide, epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide play a leading role for biological bactericide, pass through
The molecular weight of epsilon-polylysine and the ratio of epsilon-polylysine, amino-oligosaccharide, Weilan gum are adjusted, can reach synergistic work
With, be optimal the novel agricultural fungicide effect, and substantially reduce chemical bactericide dosage, reduce pesticide residue.
The present invention is by the way that biological bactericide epsilon-polylysine to be used cooperatively with amino-oligosaccharide, then adds bion surface
Activating agent Weilan gum has given full play to the effective active of each component, can substantially reduce the usage amount of chemical bactericide, reduces poison
Property residual, improve foodsafety.In addition, the molecular weight of the epsilon-polylysine by control addition, the property of can choose, which is killed, plants
Object pathogen, research and extension are of great significance.
Further requirement of the present invention protects the fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide extending fruit and vegetable food
The application of freshness date.
The invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
1, epsilon-polylysine of the present invention is that microbial fermentation generates, by 25~45 lysine residues by Alpha-hydroxy and
Epsilon-amino forms the special-shaped polypeptide that amido bond is formed by connecting, and has nontoxic, biodegradable and advantages of environment protection, has wide
The fungistatic effect of spectrum, while the product lysine salt after degradation can provide nutrition, non-environmental-pollution for the growth of crop.
2, fungicide of the present invention can be risen by adding the epsilon-polylysine of different molecular weight for different types of pathogen
To optimal killing effect, specifically:
When epsilon-polylysine molecular weight is 1000-2000Da, the new pesticide fungicide mainly kills gram-negative
Venereal bacteria；
When epsilon-polylysine molecular weight is 2000-3500Da, the new pesticide fungicide can kill Gram-negative
Germ, Gram-positive germ, saccharomycete；
When epsilon-polylysine molecular weight is 3500-5500Da, the new pesticide fungicide can kill mould.
3, the fungicide of the invention containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide, it is verified in certain mass ratio range
More significant synergistic effect is shown, and the activity and bactericidal effect of the novel agricultural fungicide are not each component activity letters
Single superposition, but have significant synergistic function；Under guaranteeing that identical prevention and treatment is horizontal, it is possible to reduce application
The chemical pesticide usage amount of 20-40%.
Specific embodiment
According to following embodiments, the present invention may be better understood.
Amino-oligosaccharide used in following embodiment is commercially available amino-oligosaccharide pulvis, wherein active constituent content >=98%.
Weilan gum used is commercially available product, active constituent content 100%.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of the fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide
1) epsilon-polylysine used in is the wettable powder containing epsilon-polylysine, is by epsilon-polylysine fermentation liquid through drying
It is prepared, wherein epsilon-polylysine content is 25wt%, molecular weight 5000Da.
2) by 1 parts by weight epsilon-polylysine (being calculated with pure epsilon-polylysine), 0.2 parts by weight amino-oligosaccharide and
The fungicide synergistic component Weilan gum of 0.03 parts by weight is configured to of the present invention new containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide
Green bactericide.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of the fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide
1) epsilon-polylysine used in is the wettable powder containing epsilon-polylysine, is by epsilon-polylysine fermentation liquid through drying
It is prepared, wherein epsilon-polylysine content is 30wt%, molecular weight 1500Da.
2) by 1 parts by weight epsilon-polylysine (being calculated with pure epsilon-polylysine), 0.4 parts by weight amino-oligosaccharide and
The fungicide synergistic component Weilan gum of 0.05 parts by weight is configured to of the present invention new containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide
Green bactericide.
Embodiment 3: the preparation of the fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide
1) epsilon-polylysine used in is the wettable powder containing epsilon-polylysine, is by epsilon-polylysine fermentation liquid through drying
It is prepared, wherein epsilon-polylysine content is 28wt%, molecular weight 2500Da.
2) by 1 parts by weight epsilon-polylysine (being calculated with pure epsilon-polylysine), 0.3 parts by weight amino-oligosaccharide and
The fungicide synergistic component Weilan gum of 0.05 parts by weight is configured to of the present invention new containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide
Green bactericide.
Embodiment 4: the preparation of the fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide
1) epsilon-polylysine used in is the wettable powder containing epsilon-polylysine, is by epsilon-polylysine fermentation liquid through drying
It is prepared, wherein epsilon-polylysine content is 28wt%, molecular weight 2500Da.
2) by 0.5 parts by weight epsilon-polylysine (being calculated with pure epsilon-polylysine), 0.5 parts by weight amino-oligosaccharide and
The fungicide synergistic component Weilan gum of 0.08 parts by weight is configured to of the present invention new containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide
Green bactericide.
Embodiment 5: the bactericide bacteriostasis determination of activity of the present invention of the epsilon-polylysine containing different molecular weight
Sterilized bacteria culture media (LB culture medium), fungi culture medium (PDA culture medium) are cooled to 55~70 DEG C, pressed
The quantitative fungicide of the present invention being prepared by the epsilon-polylysine of different molecular weight is added in design concentration, sufficiently to it
After cooling, it is inoculated with the test bacterium piece for the different Pseudomonas that diameter is 0.5cm respectively, is placed in constant incubator and cultivates.
It is investigated after cultivating 96h in the incubator, the colony diameter of the test bacterium piece after measurement each processes respectively,
And calculate bacteriostasis rate.
Thalli growth inhibiting rate (%)=[(colony diameter after test bacterium piece diameter-processing)/test bacterium piece diameter] ×
100%.Test result the results are shown in Table 1.
The bacteriostatic activity (inhibiting rate %) of the fungicide of the present invention of 1 epsilon-polylysine containing different molecular weight of table
As shown in Table 1, when epsilon-polylysine molecular weight is 1000-2000Da, fungicide of the invention is to gram-negative
Property bacterium (G-) there is stronger inhibiting effect；When epsilon-polylysine molecular weight is 2000-3500Da, to gram-negative venereal bacteria
(G-), Gram-positive germ (G+), saccharomycete have stronger inhibiting effect；When epsilon-polylysine molecular weight is 3500-
When 5500Da, there is stronger inhibiting effect to mould.The sterilization that this test passes through measurement epsilon-polylysine containing different molecular weight
To the fungistatic effects of different Pseudomonas, the selection for epsilon-polylysine molecular weight in fungicide of the present invention provides reference for agent.By ε-
The molecular weight ranges of polylysine are divided into three sections, rely according to the ε-of different pathogen selection suitable molecular weight ranges is poly-
Propylhomoserin makes bactericidal effect reach maximum.
Embodiment 6: preventive effect of the fungicide to cucumber downy mildew in greenhouse experiment
The preparation of fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide in the present embodiment is the same as embodiment 1.This test selection
It is carried out in the more serious plantation plot of continuous cropping cucumber downy mildew.Test sets 8 processing, 3 repetitions of each processing, zone leader
6m, wide 4m, plot area 24m2, cell surrounding setting protection row, specific test process such as table 2.Different disposal is watered uniformly
It is applied to the plot, additive amount is by shown in table 2.
Respectively influence of the processing to cucumber downy mildew disease incidence of table 2
As shown in Table 2, the epsilon-polylysine of single component or amino-oligosaccharide can be by inhibiting the pathogen in soil
White certain kind of berries bacterium (mould) reduces cucumber cream certain kind of berries disease disease incidence, and average attack rate is respectively 16.1% and 18.2%.When application ε-is poly-
When the composition of lysine and amino-oligosaccharide, the disease incidence of bakanae disease of rice can be significantly reduced, be 11.9%, compared to not
The control of application fungicide can be significantly reduced 83.1%.Weilan gum does not show to kill when being used alone as a kind of auxiliary agent
Bacterium activity, but arrange in pairs or groups when with one or both of epsilon-polylysine or amino-oligosaccharide in use, can promote bactericidal effect,
Reduce the disease incidence of cucumber downy mildew.When epsilon-polylysine, amino-oligosaccharide and Weilan gum three collocation in use, the frost of cucumber
Mildew disease incidence only has 5.2%.This explanation cooperates Weilan gum when epsilon-polylysine and two kinds of amino-oligosaccharide effective sterilization components
In use, bactericidal effect synergy is obvious.This example demonstrates that native biography can be effectively prevented when the fungicide is as soil fungicides
Disease.
Embodiment 7: control efficiency of the fungicide to Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen in field experiment
The preparation of fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide in the present embodiment is the same as embodiment 2.It is real with citrus
It tests object and carries out plot experiment, this experiment carries out in the citrus plantation plot for having infected Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, and test is set at 8
Reason, 3 repetitions of each processing, zone leader 7m, wide 5m, plot area 35m2, cell surrounding setting protection row, specific test process
Such as table 3.Different disposal is watered even spraying and is administered to each processing, processing in every seven days is primary, and three times, fungicide adds continuous processing
Dosage is by shown in table 3.
Table 3 respectively handles the control efficiency to Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen
As shown in Table 3, the epsilon-polylysine of single component or amino-oligosaccharide can be by citrus huanglongbing pathogen bacterium
The killing effect of Candidatus liberibacter (Gram-negative bacteria) improves control efficiency, and processing in every seven days is primary, continuous processing is three times
Afterwards, average control efficiency is respectively 71.4% and 68.9%.It, can when applying the composition of epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide
To significantly improve the control efficiency to Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, reach 82.6%.When Weilan gum is used alone as a kind of auxiliary agent not
Bactericidal activity is shown, is arranged in pairs or groups when with one or both of epsilon-polylysine or amino-oligosaccharide in use, can be promoted
Bactericidal effect improves the control rate to Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen.It is used when epsilon-polylysine, amino-oligosaccharide and Weilan gum three arrange in pairs or groups
When, 93.2% is up to the control efficiency of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen.This explanation is effectively killed when epsilon-polylysine and two kinds of amino-oligosaccharide
Bacterium components matching Weilan gum is in use, bactericidal effect synergy is obvious.This example demonstrates that when the fungicide is as Pesticide use, it can
To effectively prevent crop Common Diseases.
Embodiment 8: fresh-keeping effect of the fungicide to fruit and vegetable food
The preparation of fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide in the present embodiment is the same as embodiment 3.It is real with spinach
It tests object to be tested, each processing is uniformly sprayed on after different disposal is watered, is then stored, test sets 8 processing, each place
Manage 3 repetitions, specific test process such as table 4.Spinach rotting rate after statistics storage three weeks and six weeks, fungicide additive amount press table
Shown in 4.
Table 4 respectively handles the fresh-keeping effect to Xiaoqinling Nature Reserve
As shown in Table 4, after three weeks, the epsilon-polylysine or amino-oligosaccharide of single component can be by causing spinach for processing
The rotten saccharomycete of dish is killed to extend the shelf-life of spinach, and after six weeks, the rotting rate of spinach increases, but still maintains
In relatively low level.When applying the fungicide third week that epsilon-polylysine is combined with amino-oligosaccharide, the rotting rate of spinach
It is 11.3%, the 6th Zhou Shiwei 14.6%.When epsilon-polylysine, amino-oligosaccharide and Weilan gum three, which arrange in pairs or groups, to be used to spinach
Fresh-keeping effect it is particularly evident, be also only 11.8% when rotting rate is 8.1%, the 6th week when third week.This example demonstrates that should
Fungicide in use, saccharomycete can be killed effectively, extends the preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing phase as fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping agent.
In conclusion epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide of the invention exist with extra fine quality ratio, and select properly
When the epsilon-polylysine of molecular weight, synergy is significantly improved.To the pathogen such as pythium spp, silk for leading to soil-borne disease in soil
Pyrenomycetes takes turns branch spore as sharp spore sickle, Huang wither, and has to the pathogen such as Fusarium oxysporum, gibberella etc. for causing crop Common Diseases aobvious
The control efficiency of work；It can also be used in the shelf-life for extending fruit and vegetable food as antistaling agent.
The present invention provides the thinking and method of a kind of fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide, specific implementations
There are many method and approach of the technical solution, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for this skill
For the those of ordinary skill in art field, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention,
These modifications and embellishments should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.Each component part being not known in the present embodiment can be used existing
Technology is realized.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide, which is characterized in that its active constituent includes pressing as follows
The component of parts by weight note:
0.5~1 part of epsilon-polylysine,
0.2~0.5 part of amino-oligosaccharide,
0.03~0.08 part of Weilan gum.
2. the fungicide according to claim 1 containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide, which is characterized in that the ε-is poly-
The average molecular weight of lysine is 1000-5500Da.
3. the fungicide according to claim 2 containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide, which is characterized in that the ε-is poly-
The average molecular weight of lysine is 1000-2000Da.
4. the fungicide according to claim 2 containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide, which is characterized in that the ε-is poly-
The average molecular weight of lysine is 2000-3500Da.
5. the fungicide according to claim 2 containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide, which is characterized in that the ε-is poly-
The average molecular weight of lysine is 3500-5500Da.
6. the fungicide according to claim 1 containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide, which is characterized in that the ε-is poly-
Lysine is epsilon-polylysine sterling, epsilon-polylysine fermentation liquid or epsilon-polylysine fermented liquid spray drying pulvis.
7. the fungicide according to claim 1 or 6 containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide, which is characterized in that described
The epsilon-polylysine epsilon-polylysine salt replacement for having chelated one or more elements such as Na, K, Ca, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe.
8. the fungicide containing epsilon-polylysine and amino-oligosaccharide described in claim 1 is extending answering for fruit and vegetable food freshness date
With.
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Application publication date: 20190524 |