CN109755753B - Archimedes spiral frequency selective surface - Google Patents
Archimedes spiral frequency selective surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN109755753B CN109755753B CN201910025897.6A CN201910025897A CN109755753B CN 109755753 B CN109755753 B CN 109755753B CN 201910025897 A CN201910025897 A CN 201910025897A CN 109755753 B CN109755753 B CN 109755753B
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Abstract
The invention provides a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) unit structure formed by an Archimedes spiral equation, wherein the FSS is formed by periodic units which are periodically arranged and extended in the horizontal and vertical directions or staggered and extended in a shape of Chinese character pin, and when the frequency selective surface is a patch structure, the periodic units are m (m is more than or equal to 2) arm Archimedes spiral structures (vibrators) on a metal layer; when the frequency selective surface is a slot structure, the periodic unit is an m-arm Archimedes spiral slot structure (slot type) on the metal layer. The basic structure of the Archimedes spiral frequency selective surface comprises a metal layer, a substrate layer and a medium supporting layer from top to bottom (the metal layer can be arranged on the upper surface or the lower surface of the substrate layer); the frequency selective surface is a composite structure, and is a cascade of a plurality of basic structures. The invention has low-insertion-loss band-pass characteristics in an L wave band (1-2GHz), an S wave band (2-4GHz) and a partial C wave band (4-6GHz), and has obvious band-stop characteristics in an X wave band (8-12 GHz).
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of antenna and microwave technology, the archimedes spiral frequency selective surface is a band-pass or band-stop filter with low insertion loss, wide band, space and frequency filtering characteristics. The antenna can be applied to the antenna housing of mobile communication base stations, radars, electronic navigation and other equipment to achieve the purposes of resisting interference and reducing radar scattering cross sections (RCS).
Background
The Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) is composed of metal patch units which are arranged periodically in two dimensions or perforated units which are arranged periodically in two dimensions on a conductive metal screen, and is a two-dimensional periodic structure with frequency selective characteristics. On various aircrafts (airplanes, missiles, satellites and the like) provided with radar sensors, the radar antenna housing is expected to realize low-loss transmission in a working frequency band, and the radar antenna housing is shaped like a metal cover outside the working frequency band and the appearance of the aircrafts, so that the aim of low radar scattering cross section (RCS) is fulfilled, and various stealth aircrafts are formed. The special antenna housing is designed and developed by using the theory of 'frequency selective surface'. The frequency selection surface is a spatial filter which can be used as a sub-band antenna cover of a radar antenna, a duplexer of a wireless communication dual-frequency antenna, a wave-absorbing structural member of a specific pass band and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a frequency selective surface, the oscillator type (slot type) can be in the low frequency band (high frequency band), such as: the L band (1-2GHz), the S band (2-4GHz) and the partial C band (4-8GHz) have the characteristics of low insertion loss and broadband bandpass, and in the high frequency band (low frequency band), for example: the band stop property is provided in the X wave band (8-12 GHz).
The technical scheme is as follows: an archimedes spiral frequency selective surface comprising a plurality of periodic units, the periodic units comprising a metal layer; when the frequency selection surface is of a patch structure, the metal layer is an m-arm Archimedes spiral; when the frequency selection surface is in a gap structure, an m-arm Archimedes spiral gap is arranged in the metal layer, and m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The angle between the two arms of the m-arm Archimedes screw is
Preferably, the periodic units are arranged and extended periodically in the horizontal and vertical directions or staggered and extended in a zigzag manner to form the frequency selective surface.
Preferably, the periodic unit is a rectangle or a square, and the long side of the rectangle or the side P of the square is about
And lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the stop band.
Preferably, the line width Δ w of each Archimedes spiral arm is about 0.1 λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the stop band.
Preferably, each archimedes spiral arm satisfies the following polar equation:
wherein: r is polar angle on line
The corresponding pole diameter;
r0the initial radial distance of the spiral is within the range of 0 < r0＜P；
a is a constant of the pitch growth rate, and is taken
Preferably, the polar angle on the line
Has a value range of
Preferably, when the frequency selective surface is a basic structure, the periodic unit comprises a substrate layer and a dielectric layer from top to bottom, and the metal layer is arranged on the upper surface or the lower surface of the substrate layer; when the frequency selective surface is a composite structure, the frequency selective surface is a cascade of an upper basic structure and a lower basic structure.
Preferably, the periodic unit further comprises an outer skin layer.
The differences from the archimedes spiral antenna in the planar spiral antenna are: the invention is a frequency selection surface based on an Archimedes spiral, is not directly connected with an Archimedes spiral antenna, and does not need to feed electricity when in work.
Has the advantages that: the frequency selection surface (oscillator type) provided by the invention can realize the band-pass characteristics with low insertion loss in an L wave band (1-2GHz), an S wave band (2-4GHz) and a partial C wave band (4-6GHz), and has obvious band-stop characteristics in an X wave band (8-12 GHz).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the basic structure of a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) of the present invention, wherein (a) is a unit structure of the basic FSS structure; (b) is an array diagram of the basic FSS structure. 2 is an outer skin layer, 1 is a metal layer of a four-arm Archimedes spiral unit, 3 is a substrate layer, and 4 is a dielectric layer;
fig. 2 is a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) dual composite structure of the present invention, wherein (a) is a left side view of a unit structure of the dual composite FSS; (b) is a perspective view of the unit structure of the double composite FSS. 1. 2 is a metal layer of a four-arm Archimedes spiral unit, 3 and 7 are an upper outer skin layer and a lower outer skin layer respectively, 4 and 6 are an upper substrate layer and a lower substrate layer respectively, and 5 is a dielectric layer;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of a triple composite Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) structure of the present invention, wherein (a) is a cell structure of a triple composite FSS; (b) is a three-dimensional view of the unit structure of the triple-composite FSS. 1 is a metal layer of an eight-arm Archimedes spiral unit, 2 and 3 are metal layers of a four-arm Archimedes spiral unit, 4 and 10 are an upper outer skin layer and a lower outer skin layer respectively, 5, 7 and 9 are substrate layers, and 6 and 8 are dielectric layers;
FIG. 4 shows a periodic cell arrangement, (a) is a regular distribution; (b) distributed in a shape like a Chinese character pin;
FIG. 5 is a four-arm Archimedes patch unit;
FIG. 6 is a four-arm Archimedes slot cell;
FIG. 7 is a basic FSS diagram;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a composite FSS;
FIG. 9 is a graph of electromagnetic wave transmission coefficients.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings.
The frequency selective surface provided by the invention is composed of periodic units which are periodically arranged and extended in the horizontal and vertical directions or staggered and extended in a Chinese character pin shape, as shown in figure 4. The period unit is a rectangle (or a square), and the long side (or the side length) P of the rectangle is
(λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the stop band); the rectangle (or square) is formed by the same Archimedes spiral familym-arm Archimedes spiral (m is 2, 3, 4 …), and the included angle between two adjacent arms is
The line width Δ w of each Archimedes spiral arm is about 0.1 λ. A four-arm archimedes spiral frequency selective surface is shown in fig. 5 or 6. Each arm satisfies the following polar equation:
wherein: r is polar angle on line
The corresponding pole diameter;
r0the initial radial distance of the spiral is within the range of 0 < r0＜P；
a is a constant of the pitch growth rate, and is taken
Polar angle of the formed Archimedes spiral arm
Is generally in the range of
Changing initial polar angle
Different Archimedes spiral arms of the same unit can be obtained, and the Archimedes spiral arms with different initial polar angles form an Archimedes spiral unit, such as a four-arm Archimedes spiral, an eight-arm Archimedes spiral and the like.
When the frequency selective surface is a basic FSS structure, the basic FSS structure contains 4 media, which are, in order from top to bottom: the metal layer is arranged on the outer skin layer; as shown in fig. 7, wherein:
the outer cover layer is a common outer cover protective material;
the metal layer is attached to the surface of the substrate layer and is a printing layer with an Archimedes spiral unit frequency selective surface periodic structure;
the substrate layer is attached to the surface of the dielectric layer, is a conventional thin dielectric material layer and has the characteristic of easy conformal;
the medium supporting layer is a common antenna housing material for mobile communication.
When the frequency selective surface is a composite FSS structure, the frequency selective surface can be regarded as a cascade of a plurality of basic FSS structures, and the following steps are carried out from top to bottom in sequence: the metal layer is arranged above or below the substrate layer; as shown in fig. 8.
The Archimedes spiral frequency selective surface can be of a patch structure or a gap structure. When the Archimedes spiral is a metal layer, the structure is a patch structure, as shown in FIG. 5; when the archimedean spiral is a slit, the metal portion at this time becomes a portion of the cell complementary to the "archimedean spiral" and becomes a slit structure, as shown in fig. 6.
In order to make the frequency selective surface structure easy to manufacture, periodic metal elements are usually printed on a very thin dielectric substrate material. As shown in fig. 1(b), the square units are periodically expanded in the horizontal and vertical directions, and are integrally arranged to form a planar pattern, and the four units are connected to each other around one unit, so that the size of the formed frequency selective surface is the same as that of the target radome.
The basic FSS structure of the invention comprises 4 media: as shown in fig. 1(a), 2 is an outer skin layer, which is located uppermost and has a relative dielectric constant of 3.2; 1 is a metal layer of a four-arm Archimedes spiral unit, is positioned below the skin layer and is attached to the upper side of the substrate; 3 is a substrate layer, and the dielectric constant is between 4 and 5; 4 is the lowest supporting dielectric layer, the relative dielectric constant is 1.1, and the unit period pitch P is 11.00 mm.
The dual composite FSS structure of the present invention comprises 7 media: as shown in fig. 2(a) and (b), 3 and 7 are outermost skin layers, and the relative dielectric constant is 3.2; 1. 2 is a metal layer of a four-arm Archimedes spiral unit, which is respectively stuck on the upper side and the lower side of the substrate, and the initial inner diameter and the initial outer diameter of the metal layer are the same; 4. 6 is an upper substrate layer and a lower substrate layer, and the dielectric constant is between 4 and 5; 5 is a middle supporting dielectric layer, the relative dielectric constant is 1.1, and the unit period pitch P is 11.00 mm.
The triple composite FSS structure of the present invention comprises 10 media: as shown in fig. 3(a) and (b), a metal layer 1 of "eight-arm archimedean spiral unit" is located below the skin layer and attached to the upper side of the substrate; 2.3 is a metal layer of a four-arm Archimedes spiral unit, which is adhered to the upper side of the substrate, and the initial inner and outer diameters of the metal layer are the same; 4. 10 is an outermost skin layer, and the relative dielectric constant is 3.2; 5. 7, 9 are upper, middle and lower substrate layers, and the dielectric constant is between 4 and 5; 6. 8 is an upper and a lower supporting dielectric layers, the relative dielectric constant is 1.1, and the unit period pitch P is 11.00 mm.
FIG. 9 is a graph of the electromagnetic wave transmission coefficient of the frequency selective surface of the present invention. For the basic FSS structure, the insertion loss is less than 1dB within 1.00-6.10GHz, and the insertion loss at the center frequency of a passband is 0.28dB corresponding to the passband; the insertion loss is greater than 10dB within 9.00-9.60GHz, corresponding to the stop band, and the insertion loss is 23.09dB at the center frequency of the stop band. For the dual composite FSS structure, the insertion loss is less than 1dB within 1.00-7.30GHz, and the insertion loss at the center frequency of a passband is 0.70dB corresponding to the passband; the insertion loss is greater than 10dB within 8.20-10.40GHz, corresponding to the stop band, which has an insertion loss of 12.20dB at the center frequency of the stop band. For a triple composite FSS structure, the insertion loss is less than 1dB within 1.00-6.30GHz, and the insertion loss at the center frequency of a passband is 0.73dB corresponding to the passband; the insertion loss is greater than 10dB within 7.90-12.30GHz, corresponding to a stop band with an insertion loss of 27.56dB at the center frequency of the stop band.
The above are technical embodiments and technical features of the present invention, which are merely used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited thereto. Modifications and equivalents of the disclosed embodiments may occur to persons skilled in the art based on the teachings and teachings of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the embodiments disclosed, but should include various alternatives and modifications without departing from the invention and encompassed by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An archimedes spiral frequency selective surface comprising a plurality of periodic units, the periodic units comprising a metal layer; the frequency selective surface is a patch structure, and the metal layer is an m-arm Archimedes spiral; when the frequency selection surface is of a gap structure, an m-arm Archimedes spiral gap is arranged in the metal layer; m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
the periodic units are periodically arranged and extended in the horizontal and vertical directions or staggered and extended in a shape of Chinese character 'pin' to form a frequency selection surface;
the periodic unit is rectangular or square, and the length P of the long side of the rectangle or the length P of the square is about
And lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the stop band.
2. An archimedean spiral frequency selective surface according to claim 1, wherein each archimedean spiral arm has a line width aw of 0.1 λ, λ being the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the stop band.
3. An archimedean spiral frequency selective surface according to claim 1, wherein each archimedean spiral arm satisfies the following polar equation relation:
wherein: r is polar angle on line
The corresponding pole diameter;
r0the initial radial distance of the spiral is in the range of 0<r0<P；
a is a constant of the pitch growth rate, and is taken
4. An archimedean spiral frequency selective surface according to claim 3, characterized by an on-line polar angle
Has a value range of
5. The archimedean spiral frequency selective surface of claim 1, wherein, when the frequency selective surface is a basic structure, the periodic unit comprises, from top to bottom, a substrate layer and a dielectric layer, the metal layer is disposed on an upper surface or a lower surface of the substrate layer; when the frequency selective surface is a composite structure, the frequency selective surface is a cascade of an upper basic structure and a lower basic structure.
6. An archimedean spiral frequency selective surface according to claim 5, wherein the periodic elements further comprise an outer skin layer.
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Citations (2)
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| CN104752835A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-07-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十研究所 | Microstrip ring series-fed planar antenna with four-arm helical slot |
| CN107768840A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-03-06 | 五邑大学 | Application of the both arms Archimedian screw slot antenna in the transmission of microwave wireless electric power |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060227422A1 (en) * | 2005-04-12 | 2006-10-12 | Brian Monacelli | Circular polarizer using frequency selective surfaces |
| CN102593599B (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2015-02-04 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Negative permeability metamaterial |
| CN102931454B (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2014-12-31 | 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心 | Millimeter wave frequency selective surface with stable polarization |
| US9917356B2 (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2018-03-13 | Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc | Band-notched spiral antenna |
| CN108288741A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-07-17 | 上海理工大学 | The adjustable terahertz filter of polarization based on frequency-selective surfaces |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104752835A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-07-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十研究所 | Microstrip ring series-fed planar antenna with four-arm helical slot |
| CN107768840A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-03-06 | 五邑大学 | Application of the both arms Archimedian screw slot antenna in the transmission of microwave wireless electric power |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| "complementary structure for designer localized surface plasmons";Zhen Gao et al;《Applied physics letters》;20151009;全文 * |
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