CN109738490A - A method of reflecting loaded rock interior damage and crack propagation using multichannel resistivity - Google Patents
A method of reflecting loaded rock interior damage and crack propagation using multichannel resistivity Download PDFInfo
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- CN109738490A CN109738490A CN201910059852.0A CN201910059852A CN109738490A CN 109738490 A CN109738490 A CN 109738490A CN 201910059852 A CN201910059852 A CN 201910059852A CN 109738490 A CN109738490 A CN 109738490A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for reflecting loaded rock interior damage and crack propagation using multichannel resistivity, include the following steps: S1: pasting electrode slice and foil gauge in rock test block；S2: vacuum bubbles water process；S3: welding lead；S4: surface water shutoff processing；S5: connection recording instrument without paper；S6: will be on the rock test block placement force machine；S7: initial value shown by the recording instrument without paper at this time is recorded；S8: start the press machine and start to test；S9: recording numerical value shown by the recording instrument without paper in real time, until the rock test block is subject to crushing；S10: data processing obtains data and curves；S11: according to three resistivity-strain curves and a curves of stress-strain relationship analysis rock interior damage and crack propagation situation.The present invention according to the obtained variation according to three resistivity-strain curves and a curves of stress-strain relationship of test can analyze test block it is loaded when internal exergy dissipation injure crack propagation situation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rock engineering fields, are related to a kind of loaded rock resistivity method for real-time measurement, specifically
A method of reflecting loaded rock interior damage and crack propagation using multichannel resistivity.
Background technique
Rock resistivity is the basic parameter of electric conduction of rock, is a physics for reflecting rock interior structure and composition
Amount.Its density with rock, porosity, moisture content and its crack preservation situation are closely related, when rock is pressurized, internal crack meeting
It gradually develops, the water of rock interior changes full of the approach that gap makes electric current flow through rock, its resistivity is caused to occur
Variation.Therefore by the real-time change of rock resistivity, it is capable of the extension situation of effectively reaction rock interior microfissure, sentences
The stress state of disconnected rock interior, microfissure state of development and rock failure mechanism of rock sign have important work before destroying to study of rocks
With.
Voltage and current value is measured using hierarchical loading single channel when many people measure rock resistivity at present, can not reflect electricity
For resistance rate with the real-time change of ess-strain, it is even more impossible to reflect rock interior damage and crack propagation situation.Due to rock interior by
It is different in the change in resistance meeting that different measuring surface obtain in crack propagation direction difference, therefore single channel measured resistivity becomes
Change the extension information that can not obtain rock interior crack.
Existing method of measuring resistivity mainly has two pole methods and four-electrode method.Two pole methods are that electrode is arranged symmetrically in rock
In the both ends of the surface of test block, the Ohmic resistance of rock test block is directly measured, resistivity is then acquired, but due to there is contact resistance
In the presence of the data for obtaining test have biggish error.At present more is four-electrode method, and many people measure rock resistivities
When directly drilling be inserted into electrode, but can make in this way test block in pressurized process drill hole stress concentrate, and test process
Middle electrode, which is squeezed, to be destroyed, so as to cause test failure.
Traditional wax coating method to waterstone test block carry out envelope surface treatment effect it is poor, sealing wax is easy whole during the test
Piece falls off, and causes the evaporation of rock surface moisture that resistivity is made to change, to have an impact to the test result measured.
Summary of the invention
According to technical problem set forth above, and a kind of loaded rock interior of utilization multichannel resistivity reflection is provided and is damaged
And the method for crack propagation.The technological means that the present invention uses is as follows:
A method of reflecting loaded rock interior damage and crack propagation using multichannel resistivity, makes in this method
With recording instrument without paper, static strain measuring instrument, transformer and rock test block, the rock test block is in cuboid, the no paper
Recorder includes multiple voltage channels and a current channel, is included the following steps:
S1: one group of measuring electrode copper sheet group, a remaining side table are sticked into three side surfaces of the rock test block respectively
The foil gauge matched with the static strain measuring instrument is sticked on face, and upper and lower two surfaces of the rock test block are distinguished
Current electrode copper sheet is sticked, the upper surface of the rock test block is S；One group of electrode copper sheet group includes two measuring electrode copper
Piece, two measuring electrode copper sheets are attached to the upper and lower part of the rock test block side surface, and two measuring electrode copper sheets respectively
Between spacing be L；
S2: soaked processing under vacuum condition is carried out to the rock test block obtained through step S1；
S3: conducting wire is respectively welded on the measuring electrode copper sheet and the current electrode copper sheet；
S4: rock test block is subjected to surface water shutoff processing；
S5: two ports of the voltage channel of the recording instrument without paper are respectively connected to rock test block side surface top
With the conducting wire on the measuring electrode copper sheet of lower part；One of port and the transformer in two ports of the current channel
A port connection, another port of the transformer and the current electrode copper sheet being attached on the rock test block lower surface
On conducting wire connection, another port of the current channel and be attached on the current electrode copper sheet of the rock test block upper surface
Conducting wire connection；
S6: by the rock test block placement force machine, and the upper surface of the rock test block and the press machine is upper
Thin insulating plate is lined between pressing plate between the lower surface of the rock test block and the lower platen of the press machine；
S7: three initial voltage value U shown by the recording instrument without paper at this time are recordedJustWith an initial current value IJust；
Calculate the initial electrical resistivity of three sides when the rock test block is not affected by the uniaxial compression of the press machine
S8: starting the press machine and start to test, and records the time of recording instrument without paper at this time；
S9: voltage value U, the electric current for each of recording shown by the recording instrument without paper voltage channel in real time are logical
The current value I in road；The press machine records pressure F suffered by the rock test block in real time, and records the rock examination in real time
The stress σ, σ=F/S of block；Strain value shown by the static strain measuring instrument is recorded in real time, until the rock test block quilt
It damages by pressure, stops test；
S10: data processing: the voltage value and current value recorded in real time according to the recording instrument without paper calculates the rock
When by the press machine uniaxial compression, the rock test block has the real time resistance rate ρ of measuring electrode copper sheet group for stone test block,Resistivity ratio is converted by electricalresistivityρ, the resistivity ratio is ρ/ρJust, the strain that records by resistivity ratio, in real time
The stress recorded in real time obtains three resistivity-strain curves and a strain-stress relation song to strain as horizontal axis
Line.；
S11: according to three resistivity-strain curves and the analysis rock interior damage of curves of stress-strain relationship and
Crack propagation situation.
In the step S1, the measuring electrode copper sheet and the current electrode copper sheet pass through graphite conductive adhesive and institute
Rock test block stickup is stated, and the surface area of the current electrode copper sheet and the area of the upper surface of the rock test block match.
In the step S2, the current electrode copper sheet and the measuring electrode copper sheet wait be attached in the rock test block are solid
It is placed in vacuum tank and steeps clear water 4 hours or so after change.
Epoxy resin is evenly coated in rock test block surface to the rock test block table using brush in the step S4
Face carries out water shutoff processing, and treated that rock test block is placed on ventilation enables its solidification within 12 hours or so by water shutoff.
The voltage of circuit where the current electrode copper sheet is converted 24V alternating voltage by the transformer.
The invention has the following advantages that
1, the real-time measurement to rock test block resistivity is realized, the error of artificial record data, and root are eliminated
According to resistivity-strain, strain-stress variation relation analyzes the variation with ess-strain, rock interior crack propagation feelings
Condition.
2, current electrode copper sheet and measuring electrode copper sheet are all made of graphite conductive adhesive and are affixed on test block surface, reduce contact resistance
While avoid the influence that generates to test block of drilling.
3, measuring electrode copper sheet is arranged to three faces of rock test block, available three resistivity-is answered after arranging data
Become change curve, the relationship that test block destroys main fissure direction and the variation of three surface resistivity differences can be analyzed.
4, water shutoff material is not easily to fall off after realizing rock test block surface water shutoff processing, effectively prevent test block surface moisture
Evaporation.
The present invention can be widely popularized in fields such as rock resistivity measurements based on the above reasons.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to do simply to introduce, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is that a kind of loaded rock interior of utilization multichannel resistivity reflection is damaged and split in the specific embodiment of the invention
The method flow diagram of line extension.
Fig. 2 is rock test block structural schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is rock test block and recording instrument without paper connection schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is resistivity-strain-stress variation line chart in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As Figure 1-Figure 4, a kind of side for reflecting loaded rock interior damage and crack propagation using multichannel resistivity
Method has used recording instrument without paper 1, transformer 2, static strain testing instrument and rock test block 3, the rock test block in this method
3 be in cuboid, and the recording instrument without paper 1 includes multiple voltage channels 11 and a current channel 12, the static strain testing
Instrument is TST3822E static strain measuring instrument, is included the following steps:
S1: one group of measuring electrode copper sheet group is sticked into three side surfaces of the rock test block 3 respectively, remains next side
On post matched with the static strain testing instrument foil gauge 34 (the present embodiment have two panels foil gauge 34, laterally be arranged
It is a piece of, be vertically arranged a piece of), and current electrode copper sheet 31, institute are sticked into upper and lower two surfaces of the rock test block 3 respectively
The upper surface for stating rock test block is S；One group of electrode copper sheet group includes two measuring electrode copper sheets 32, two measuring electrode copper
Piece 32 is attached to the upper and lower part of 3 side surface of rock test block respectively, and the spacing between two measuring electrode copper sheets 32 is
L；
S2: soaked processing under vacuum condition is carried out to the rock test block 3 obtained through step S1；
S3: conducting wire 33 is respectively welded on the measuring electrode copper sheet 32 and the current electrode copper sheet 31；
S4: rock test block 3 is subjected to surface water shutoff processing；
S5: two ports of the voltage channel 11 of the recording instrument without paper 1 are respectively connected to 3 surface of rock test block side
Conducting wire 33 on the measuring electrode copper sheet 32 of upper and lower part；In two ports of the current channel 12 one of port with
The a port of the transformer 2 connects, another port of the transformer 2 and is attached on 3 lower surface of rock test block
Current electrode copper sheet 31 on conducting wire 33 connect, another port of the current channel 12 and be attached to the rock test block 3
Conducting wire 33 on the current electrode copper sheet 31 of upper surface connects；
S6: by the 3 placement force machine 4 of rock test block, and the upper surface of the rock test block 3 and the press machine 4
Top board 41 between and the rock test block 3 lower surface and the press machine 4 lower platen 42 between be lined with thin insulating
Plate 5 prevents from implementing current electrode copper sheet 31 and press machine 4 is formed into a loop.
S7: three initial voltage value U shown by the recording instrument without paper 1 at this time are recordedJustWith an initial current value IJust；
Calculate the initial electrical resistivity of three sides when the rock test block 3 is not affected by the press machine uniaxial compression
S8: starting the press machine 4 and start to test, and records the time of recording instrument without paper 1 at this time；
S9: voltage value U, the electric current of the voltage channel each of are recorded shown by the recording instrument without paper 1 in real time
The current value I in channel, the press machine 4 records pressure F suffered by the rock test block in real time, and records the rock in real time
The stress σ, σ=F/S of test block 3；Strain value shown by the static strain measuring instrument is recorded in real time, until the rock test block
3 are subject to crushing, and stop test；
S10: data processing: the voltage value and current value recorded in real time according to the recording instrument without paper 1 calculates the rock
When by 4 uniaxial compression of press machine, the rock test block 3 has the real time resistance rate of measuring electrode copper sheet group for stone test block 3
ρ,Resistivity ratio is converted by electricalresistivityρ, the resistivity ratio is ρ/ρJust, by real time resistance rate ratio, in real time record
Strain and the stress that records in real time obtain three resistivity-strain curves to strain as horizontal axis and a stress-strain close
It is curve.；
S11: according to three resistivity-strain curves and the analysis rock interior damage of curves of stress-strain relationship and
Crack propagation situation.
In the step S1, the measuring electrode copper sheet 32 and the current electrode copper sheet 31 pass through graphite conductive adhesive
It is pasted with the rock test block 3, and the area of the upper surface of the surface area of the current electrode copper sheet 31 and the rock test block 3
Match.The rock test block 3 is 100mm × 100mm × 200mm sandstone test block；The measuring electrode copper sheet 32 is length
The copper plate electrode piece (totally 6) of 20mm, wide 5mm, the current electrode copper sheet 31 are long 100mm wide 100mm copper plate electrode (totally two
Piece), with two measuring electrode copper sheets 32 in group between the upper and lower away from for 160mm.
Current electrode copper sheet 31 and the measuring electrode copper in the step S2, wait be attached in the rock test block 3
It is placed in vacuum tank after being fully cured and steeps clear water 4 hours or so after the ventilation of piece 32 is placed 6 hours.Make in the rock test block 3
Portion's hole is aqueous sufficiently.
Epoxy resin is evenly coated in 3 surface of rock test block to the rock test block 3 using brush in the step S4
Surface carries out water shutoff processing, and treated that rock test block 3 is placed on ventilation enables its solidification within 12 hours or so by water shutoff.It realizes
Water shutoff material is not easily to fall off after rock test block 3 surface water shutoff processing, effectively prevent the evaporation of test block surface moisture.
The voltage of circuit where the current electrode copper sheet is converted 24V alternating voltage by the transformer 2.
It 4 can analyze out with reference to the accompanying drawings, since sandstone pores rate is bigger, after load starts, with strain and stress
Increasing, resistivity is declined compared to initial value, and after test block is by stress, internal hole is further compacted, due to
The effect of water, so that the resistance of entire test block becomes smaller, i.e., resistivity becomes smaller；Continue to increase with pressure, rock interior crack
Gradually development, microfissure starts to penetrate through, and causes internal water full of crack resistivity to be declined more obvious；Work as rock
When stone test block reaches failure stage, microfissure gradually forms big crack, causes electric current to occur in the access of rock interior very big
Change, the water in test block can not also be full of entire crack.Test block resistivity is mainly dominated by the master control plane of fracture at this time, and fine fisssure
The contribution of gap becomes very little, so that resistivity obviously rises；Therefore it can use multichannel resistivity and reflect loaded rock interior
Damage and crack propagation situation can analyze rock chief destructive crack according to the difference of three side surface change in resistance
Development trend.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for being reflected loaded rock interior damage and crack propagation using multichannel resistivity, is used in this method
Recording instrument without paper, static strain measuring instrument, transformer and rock test block, the rock test block are in cuboid, the no paper note
Recording instrument includes multiple voltage channels and a current channel, which comprises the steps of:
S1: sticking one group of measuring electrode copper sheet group for three side surfaces of the rock test block respectively, on a remaining side surface
The foil gauge matched with the static strain measuring instrument is sticked, upper and lower two surfaces of the rock test block are sticked respectively
Current electrode copper sheet, the upper surface of the rock test block are S；One group of electrode copper sheet group includes two measuring electrode copper sheets,
Two measuring electrode copper sheets are attached to the upper and lower part of the rock test block side surface respectively, and between two measuring electrode copper sheets
Spacing be L；
S2: soaked processing under vacuum condition is carried out to the rock test block obtained through step S1；
S3: conducting wire is respectively welded on the measuring electrode copper sheet and the current electrode copper sheet；
S4: rock test block is subjected to surface water shutoff processing；
S5: two ports of the voltage channel of the recording instrument without paper are respectively connected to rock test block side surface top under
Conducting wire on the measuring electrode copper sheet in portion；One of port and the one of the transformer in two ports of the current channel
A port connects, on another port of the transformer and the current electrode copper sheet being attached on the rock test block lower surface
Conducting wire connection, another port of the current channel and leading on the current electrode copper sheet for being attached to the rock test block upper surface
Line connection；
S6: by the rock test block placement force machine, and the top board of the upper surface of the rock test block and the press machine
Between and the rock test block lower surface and the press machine lower platen between be lined with thin insulating plate；
S7: three initial voltage value U shown by the recording instrument without paper at this time are recordedJustWith an initial current value IJust；It calculates
The initial electrical resistivity of three sides when the rock test block is not affected by the uniaxial compression of the press machine
S8: starting the press machine and start to test, and records the time of recording instrument without paper at this time；
S9: the voltage value U of the voltage channel, the current channel each of are recorded shown by the recording instrument without paper in real time
Current value I；The press machine records pressure F suffered by the rock test block in real time, and records the rock test block in real time
Stress σ, σ=F/S；Strain value shown by the static strain measuring instrument is recorded in real time, until the rock test block is subject to crushing,
Stop test；
S10: data processing: the voltage value and current value recorded in real time according to the recording instrument without paper calculates the rock examination
For block when by the press machine uniaxial compression, the rock test block has the real time resistance rate ρ of measuring electrode copper sheet group,Resistivity ratio is converted by electricalresistivityρ, the resistivity ratio is ρ/ρJust, the strain that records by resistivity ratio, in real time
The stress recorded in real time obtains three resistivity-strain curves and a curves of stress-strain relationship to strain as horizontal axis；
S11: according to three resistivity-strain curves and a curves of stress-strain relationship analysis rock interior damage and crackle
Extension situation.
A kind of reflect the damage of loaded rock interior and crack propagation using multichannel resistivity 2. according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: in the step S1, the measuring electrode copper sheet and the current electrode copper sheet pass through graphite guide
Electric glue and the rock test block are pasted, and the area of the upper surface of the surface area of the current electrode copper sheet and the rock test block
Match.
A kind of reflect the damage of loaded rock interior and crack propagation using multichannel resistivity 3. according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: current electrode copper sheet and measurement electricity in the step S2, wait be attached in the rock test block
It is placed in vacuum tank and steeps clear water 4 hours or so after the solidification of pole copper sheet.
A kind of reflect the damage of loaded rock interior and crack propagation using multichannel resistivity 4. according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: epoxy resin is evenly coated in rock test block surface to the rock using brush in the step S4
Stone test block surface carries out water shutoff processing, and treated that rock test block is placed on ventilation enables it consolidate within 12 hours or so by water shutoff
Change.
A kind of reflect the damage of loaded rock interior and crack propagation using multichannel resistivity 5. according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: the voltage of circuit where the current electrode copper sheet is converted 24V alternating voltage by the transformer.
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| CN201910059852.0A CN109738490B (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2019-01-22 | Method for reflecting internal damage and crack propagation of loaded rock by using multichannel resistivity |
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| CN110487634B (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2024-05-31 | 安徽理工大学 | System and method for fine testing of rock core strain and resistivity under loading state |
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| CN112129632B (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-11-09 | 东北大学 | Method for calibrating creep damage and fracture surface of rock by using high-density resistivity |
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