CN109728878A - Fast detection method of antenna port number based on channel estimation and piecewise linear regression in LTE communication system - Google Patents
Fast detection method of antenna port number based on channel estimation and piecewise linear regression in LTE communication system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及LTE通信系统中基于信道估计与分段线性回归的天线端口数快速检测方法，属于移动通信技术领域。该方法包括以下步骤：(1)在解码PBCH的过程中，实现完整的信道估计，在通过参考信号实现部分信道估计的基础上，采用最小二乘法进行完整的信道估计；(2)对信道估计值提取出相位图，提取50个采样点的相位角，通过分段线性回归的方法对这些相位角进行线性拟合；(3)将拟合前后采样点的相位角作差取绝对值，预设一个判决门限γ与拟合前后采样点差值的平均值做比较，若差值平均值小于等于门限γ则代表发送端使用了该天线发送数据，进而得到发送端使用的天线端口数。
The invention relates to a fast detection method for the number of antenna ports based on channel estimation and piecewise linear regression in an LTE communication system, and belongs to the technical field of mobile communication. The method includes the following steps: (1) in the process of decoding the PBCH, realize complete channel estimation, and on the basis of realizing partial channel estimation through reference signals, use the least squares method to perform complete channel estimation; (2) channel estimation The phase diagram is extracted from the value, and the phase angles of 50 sampling points are extracted, and these phase angles are linearly fitted by piecewise linear regression; Set a decision threshold γ and compare the average value of the difference between the sampling points before and after fitting. If the average value of the difference is less than or equal to the threshold γ, it means that the transmitter uses the antenna to send data, and then the number of antenna ports used by the transmitter is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology fields, are related to a kind of antenna end based on channel estimation and piecewise linear regression
Mouth number rapid detection method.
Background technique
Long term evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE) is 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership
Project) leading newest commercial public land mobile network.Compared to former generation communication system, with band width configuration spirit
It is living, data rate is high, can be grouped transmission, delay is low, covering domain is wide and the technical advantages such as backward compatible.LTE communication system data
Being substantially improved for transmission rate and power system capacity, is largely attributed to the fact that using multiple-input and multiple-output (Multiple
Input Multiple Output, MIMO) technology.MIMO technology can be sent each independently in transmitting terminal using mutiple antennas
Information, while receiving end mutiple antennas receives and recovers prime information.Transmitting terminal can voluntarily select to send out using 1,2,4 antenna
Physical Broadcast Channel (Physical Broadcast Channel, PBCH) system message is sent, and sends the antenna that message uses
It is selected in antenna port 0~3, and single antenna is supported to send and diversity transmission mode.User terminal (User
Equipment, UE) PBCH source codec is carried out after completing initial cell searching and down-going synchronous process, which need to obtain
The antenna number for taking base station (Evolved Node B, eNB) issuing message to use.Antenna port information is implied in PBCH cyclic redundancy
In the mask information for verifying (Cyclic Redundancy Check, CRC), correct antenna port number is only obtained with confidence
Breath, can just be successfully decoded PBCH system message.
The side eNodeB carries out PBCH transmission block to carry out scrambling and QPSK modulation after channel coding, rate-matched, passes through
RE mapping and IFFT conversion process are carried out after layer mapping and precoding behaviour, then is carried out after Digital Up Convert operation by multi-antenna diversity
Transmission carries out signal broadcast.The MIB message of PBCH transmission includes 24bit data, and preceding 14bit is information bit, and rear 10bit is sky
White bit.The content that mib information bit includes is successively are as follows: the bandwidth indication bit of 3bit is used to refer to dl-Bandwidth
(n6,n15,n25,n50, n100)；The PHICH config indication bit of 3bit, wherein 1 bit indication PHICH duration
(normal/extend), 2 bit indication PHICH resource number (1/6,1/2,1,2)；8bit is used to refer to SFN afterwards
(System Frame Number, System Frame Number) most-significant byte, SFN low 2 are obtained by PBCH blind Detecting.
Successively traversal decodes 1,2 and 4 antenna port numbers to traditional antenna port number detection method by the way of blind Detecting
Three kinds in the case of PBCH message, and by the PBCH message decoded carry out CRC check, if verify pass through if solve PBCH message
Succeed and without repeating subsequent decoding operate.The blind Detecting complexity of this method is not fixed, when transmitting terminal uses four days
Line transmitting then needs to carry out 3 complete solution PBCH processes, computationally intensive.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, provide a kind of based on channel estimation and piecewise linear regression
Antenna port number rapid detection method, which obtains channel by extracting the corresponding cell reference signals in different antennae port
Status information, and the phase information of channel status is fitted, and then rule out antenna port number.This algorithm passes through segmentation solution simultaneously
It has determined since phase has mistake in judgment caused by jumping in channel estimation.By fitting result and practical reception value phase
It is poor to make, and gained difference is denoted as ε, sets thresholding γ, and the ε that antenna port 0,1,2,3 is calculated separately out is compared with γ, without carrying out
The antenna port number that transmitting terminal uses can be obtained in blind Detecting.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of antenna port number rapid detection method based on channel estimation and piecewise linear regression, comprising the following steps:
S1: during decoding PBCH, realizing complete channel estimation, is realizing that local channel is estimated by reference to signal
On the basis of meter, complete channel estimation is carried out using least square method.
S2: extracting phase diagram to channel estimation value, extracts the phase angle of 50 sampled points, passes through piecewise linear regression
Method carries out linear fit to these phase angles.
S3: the phase angle of fitting front and back sampled point is taken absolute value as difference, a default decision threshold is adopted with fitting front and back
The average value of sampling point difference compares, and a point end is represented if difference average value is less than or equal to thresholding, the antenna has been used to send number
According to, and then obtain the antenna port number that originator uses.
S4: carrying out PBCH decoding according to obtained antenna port number and CRC check operate, if CRC check passes through at this time,
Then representative antennas port number detects successfully, PBCH channel successfully decoded.
Further, in step sl, the use least square carries out complete channel estimation method particularly includes:
Assuming that transmitting terminal is S (j ω) without the frequency domain information that OFDM is modulated, base band signal information is s (t).S (t) warp
After crossing transmitting terminal transmission, transmission, receiving end reception, obtain receiving signal r (t).
R (t)=As (t+ Δ t) ejΔωt+n (1)
Wherein, A indicates the amplitude gain during transmission, and Δ t is propagation delay time, and Δ ω is frequency deviation, and n is white Gaussian
Noise calculates to simplify, and ignores n in derivation process.Signal r (t) will be received and pass through OFDM demodulation, obtain R (j ω).
R (j ω)=Aej(ω-Δω)ΔtS[j(ω-Δω)] (2)
And then obtain channel estimation results:
As formula (3) it is found that transmission signal time delay Δ t present in frequency domain, will lead to frequencies omega and generate variation and cause
The phase value of channel estimation rotates, and the rotation meets phase linearity variation.If therefore extracting the corresponding CRS of correct antenna port
Information, and complete channel state information is obtained using least square method, phase has the characteristic of linear change.Conversely, even
The state of irregular distribution can be presented in the channel estimation phase value of continuous sampled point.
Complete channel estimation is obtained using least-squares algorithm
Wherein, p is reference signal, FpIt is P × L rank matrix, corresponds to the regioselective row of reference symbol and discrete Fu of N × N
In leaf transformation (Discrete Fourier Transform, DFT) matrix preceding L column.FLIt is N × L rank matrix, there is DFT matrix
Preceding L arrange to obtain.It is the complex value circulation white noise vector that the rank mean value of P × 1 is zero.
Further, in step s 2, the phase angle for extracting 50 sampled points, by the method for piecewise linear regression to these
Phase angle carries out linear fit method particularly includes:
The theory return model of unary linear regression equation is
Yi=β0+β1Xi+εi (5)
Wherein, YiFor explained variable, XiFor explanatory variable, εiFor stochastic error, β0With β1For regression coefficient；
DefinitionFor XiAverage value,For YiAverage value, obtain regression coefficient solve expression formula are as follows:
Stochastic error is calculated are as follows:
εi=β0+β1Xi-Yi (8)
Error absolute average are as follows:
According to obtained equation of linear regression, random error ε can be calculatedi, to obtain the average of Error Absolute ValueIt is adjudicated by thresholding γ and determines whether the antenna port configures CRS, finally determine antenna port number；
On the basis of above-mentioned solution equation of linear regression method, increase for coping with the antenna port meeting for sending data
There is the method for sampled point phase angle catastrophe, i.e. piecewise linear regression, due to using 50 sampled points, the number of mutation is non-
It is often limited, generally one to twice, be segmented when the differential seat angle of former and later two sampled points is greater than 1, then respectively into
Row fitting, to improve the precision of judgement.
Further, in step s3, the one-variable linear regression adjudicates antenna port number method particularly includes:
The data for extracting the subframe 0 where PBCH message carry out antenna port number detection, traverse all possibility of reference signal
Mapping mode, respectively obtain antenna port number be 1,2, the channel estimation value H in the case of 4 three kind, use linear regression method
The phase dispersion point of H is fitted, and the absolute value of phase dispersion point and fit line difference is averaged to obtain average mistake
Difference Shown in value such as formula (9).
The error amount of antenna port port2 and port3 are adjudicated firstWhether threshold value γ is less than, the antenna if being less than
Port number is 4；Conversely, then continuing the error amount of judgement antenna port port1Whether threshold value γ is less than, the antenna if being less than
Port number is 2；It is 1 if more than antenna port number.
Further, in step s 4, whether the verifying antenna port number detects successfully method particularly includes:
Corresponding PBCH message is extracted according to the antenna port number determined, is prelisted to carry out solution to PBCH channel
Code, layer mapping, QPSK demodulation, descrambling, solution rate-matched, solution Channel encoding operations, then carry out antenna port number verification.Because
The antenna port number embodying information of PBCH is in the mask information of the cyclic redundancy check code of PBCH, if CRC check at this time is logical
It crosses, then representative antennas port number detects successfully, PBCH channel successfully decoded.This method has determined antenna port before decoding
Number, avoiding traditional blind checking method may need completely to decode 3 problems, greatly reduce computation complexity.
Detailed description of the invention
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention make into
The detailed description of one step, in which:
Fig. 1 is the specific flow chart of traditional antenna port number blind checking method；
Fig. 2 is the CRS time-frequency resource maps figure using different antenna ports；
Fig. 3 is that unsegmented linear regression fit and piecewise linear regression are fitted comparison diagram；
Fig. 4 is that the antenna port number after linear regression algorithm is fitted adjudicates flow chart.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art be better understood when the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects, below
It is completely described with attached drawing is illustrated in conjunction with specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the specific flow chart of traditional antenna port number blind checking method；
Successively traversal decodes 1,2 and 4 antenna port numbers to traditional antenna port number detection method by the way of blind Detecting
Three kinds in the case of PBCH message, and by the PBCH message decoded carry out CRC check, if verify pass through if solve PBCH message
Succeed and without repeating subsequent decoding operate.This method extracts CSI information of the originator using single antenna when first, then
1 complete solution PBCH operation is carried out, if CRC check does not pass through, continues to extract CSI information of the originator using two antennas when,
Then 1 complete solution PBCH operation is carried out, if CRC check does not pass through, continues CSI of the extraction originator using four antennas when and believes
Breath, then PBCH message is connect to obtain antenna port number.The drawbacks of this method, is that blind Detecting complexity is not fixed, and works as transmitting terminal
Emitted using four antennas, then needs to carry out 3 complete solution PBCH processes, computationally intensive, time delay is high.
Fig. 2 is the CRS time-frequency resource maps figure using different antenna ports；
Base station side only can choose when sending PBCH signal sends data using port 0,1,2,3, so examining in receiving end
It needs to adjudicate reception data when survey and be sent using which port.After completing down-going synchronous operation, where extraction PBCH message
The information of subframe 0 carries out OFDM demodulation, goes subcarrier maps, antenna port number detection operation, and transmitting terminal uses 1/2/4 day
Line end mouth sends data, respectively corresponds using 0/ port 0 of port, 1/ port 0,1,2,3 three kind of situation.It is provided, is made according to agreement
With different port CRS can be mapped on the different resource particle of running time-frequency resource figure.When Fig. 2 illustrates four ports transmission data
CRS corresponding mapping position in running time-frequency resource figure.It extracts and receives respectively according to all possible CRS mapping position
Value Y (k), it is divided by with local CRS, thus obtain three kinds of possible CRS location estimations go out channel information H (k).
Formula (4) utilizes least square method, estimates the channel information H of remaining position, to obtain complete channel information:
Wherein, p is reference signal, FpIt is P × L rank matrix, corresponds to the regioselective row of reference symbol and discrete Fu of N × N
In leaf transformation (Discrete Fourier Transform, DFT) matrix preceding L column.FLIt is N × L rank matrix, there is DFT matrix
Preceding L arrange to obtain.It is the complex value circulation white noise vector that the rank mean value of P × 1 is zero.
Fig. 3 is that unsegmented linear regression fit and piecewise linear regression are fitted comparison diagram；
In order to make PBCH only carry out a MIB decoding, need to judge this according to the channel estimation value of each antenna port
Whether antenna port is used, to obtain the antenna port number that transmitting terminal uses.When detecting correct antenna port, receive
The discrete point diagram of signal phase can be highly bonded with phase-fitting line.Conversely, fit line with linear variability law and random
Huge channel estimation phase difference is adjudicated the antenna port and is not used to send data between the discrete point of variation.Fitting effect is such as
Shown in Fig. 3, wherein straight line is the phase-fitting line that linear regression algorithm obtains, and round discrete point is the phase being an actually-received
Value, left side subgraph (a) is the fit line that unsegmented linear regression algorithm obtains in the case of encountering SPA sudden phase anomalies, after linear regression
Fit line and channel estimation phase difference value it is very big；Right side be to receive signal once be mutated make decisions after mutation click-through
Row segmentation is surveyed fit line and is bonded with discrete point height respectively to two sections of progress linear regression fits.
Fig. 4 is that the antenna port number after linear regression algorithm is fitted adjudicates flow chart.
By on phase value fitted regression line that piecewise linear regression is fitted point and the phase value discrete point that receives
It takes absolute value after making difference, is denoted as absolute error average value
Pass through error in judgement average valueDetermine whether current antenna port configures CRS with the size of thresholding γ, thus
Determine the antenna port number that transmitting terminal uses.First determine whether port 2 and port 3Whether threshold value is less than, if then sending day
Line port number is 4；Otherwise judge port 1Whether threshold value is less than, if then transmission antenna port number is 2；Otherwise it sends
Antenna port number is 1.After the completion of detecting antenna port number, decodes PBCH information and carry out CRC check, represented if if verifying
Antenna port number verifies successfully, the success of PBCH source codec.
Claims (2)
- Antenna port number rapid detection method in 1.LTE communication system based on channel estimation and piecewise linear regression, feature It is, method includes the following steps:S1: during decoding PBCH, realizing complete channel estimation, is realizing part channel estimation by reference to signal On the basis of, complete channel estimation is carried out using least square method；S2: extracting phase diagram to channel estimation value, extracts the phase angle of 50 sampled points, passes through the method for piecewise linear regression Linear fit is carried out to these phase angles；S3: the phase angle of fitting front and back sampled point is taken absolute value as difference, presets a decision threshold and fitting front and back sampled point The average value of difference compares, and represents transmitting terminal if difference average value is less than or equal to thresholding and the antenna has been used to send data, And then obtain the antenna port number that originator uses；S4: carrying out PBCH decoding according to obtained antenna port number and CRC check operate, if CRC check passes through at this time, generation Table antenna port number detects successfully, PBCH channel successfully decoded.
- 2. the antenna port number in LTE communication system according to claim 1 based on channel estimation and piecewise linear regression Rapid detection method, it is characterised in that: the fitting a straight line of channel estimation value is obtained by piecewise linear regression；In real process, the antenna port for sending data will appear the case where sampled point phase angle is mutated, while only with 50 The number of sampled point, mutation is extremely limited, therefore is once adjudicated whether reception data are mutated.In former and later two sampled points Differential seat angle be greater than 1 when be segmented, then to front and back two sections be fitted respectively.It is as follows to be fitted process:The theory return model of unary linear regression equation isYi=β0+β1Xi+εi (1)Wherein, YiFor explained variable, XiFor explanatory variable, εiFor stochastic error, β0With β1For regression coefficient；DefinitionFor XiAverage value,For YiAverage value, obtain regression coefficient solve expression formula are as follows:Stochastic error is calculated are as follows:εi=β0+β1Xi-Yi (4)Error absolute average are as follows:According to obtained equation of linear regression, random error ε can be calculatedi, to obtain the average of Error Absolute ValueThrough It crosses thresholding γ and adjudicates whether the determining antenna port configures CRS, finally determine antenna port number.
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