CN109727833A - Protection element and its circuit protection device - Google Patents
Protection element and its circuit protection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109727833A CN109727833A CN201711041277.9A CN201711041277A CN109727833A CN 109727833 A CN109727833 A CN 109727833A CN 201711041277 A CN201711041277 A CN 201711041277A CN 109727833 A CN109727833 A CN 109727833A
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- planar substrates
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- protection element
- fuse
- fuse member
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of protection element and its circuit protection device.The protection element includes the first planar substrates, the second planar substrates, heating member and fuse member.Second planar substrates fit in the first planar substrates lower surface and form composite construction.The heating member includes insulation board and the heating layer for being formed in the insulation plate surface.The heating member is set on first planar substrates, which is set between first planar substrates and heating layer.The fuse member is set to above the heating member.When overvoltage or excess temperature occur, which generates heat to melt the fuse member.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of protection element applied in electronic device and the circuit protections comprising the protection element
Device, and more particularly to a kind of with the protection element and its circuit protection that prevent overvoltage, overcurrent or excess temperature function
Device.
Background technique
The protection element of known cutting overcurrent, there are known to the electricity being made of the low-melting-point metals body such as lead, tin, antimony extensively
It flows fuse (fuse).Later, in terms of preventing overcurrent and overvoltage, sustainable development goes out protection element, and it includes flat at one
Sequentially lamination heating layer and low-melting-point metal layer on the substrate of face.In overvoltage, heater can generate heat, and heat is transmitted bottom-up,
The heated by electrodes of low-melting-point metal body will be carried, and the low-melting-point metal body that fuses cuts off the electric current flowed through, to protect correlation
Circuit or electronic device.
Running gear is highly popular in recent years, and the information products such as all mobile phones, computer and individual action assistant are seen everywhere,
So that people are growing day by day to the dependence of information products.However, being had frequently about portable electronic products such as mobile phones
The news that battery explodes during charge and discharge.Therefore, manufacturer gradually improves aforementioned overcurrent and overvoltage protection element
Design, safeguard measure of battery during charge and discharge is promoted, to prevent battery during charge and discharge because of overvoltage
Or overcurrent and explode.
The protection method for the protection element that well-known technique proposes is that the fuse in protection element is made to connect with the circuit of battery,
And low-melting-point metal layer and heating layer in protection element is made to be electrically connected to switch (switch) and integrated circuit (IC) element.Such as
This one, when IC element measure to will start in overvoltage switch in conducting, make electric current pass through protection element in heating layer,
So that heating layer generates heat with the fuse that fuses, and then the circuit of battery is made to reach overvoltage protection in the state of open circuit.This
Field technical staff can also fully understand, and when overcurrent occurs, a large amount of electric current, which flows through fuse, can make fuse generate heat and fuse,
And then reach overcurrent protection.
Fig. 1 is a kind of well known the schematic diagram of the section structure of protection element, can realize aforementioned protection mechanism.Protection element
100 have planar substrates 110, heating member 120, insulating layer 130, low-melting-point metal layer 140, scaling powder 150 and outer cover 170.Outside
It covers 170 outer rims and is set to 110 surface of planar substrates, and inner space is provided and accommodates heating member 120, insulating layer 130, low melting point gold
Belong to layer 140 and scaling powder 150.Heating member 120 is configured on planar substrates 110, and is electrically connected two heating member electrodes 125.Eutectic
Point metal layer 140 connects the electrode layer 160 and a target 165 of two sides.Insulating layer 130 covers heating member 120 and adds
Warmware electrode 125.Low-melting-point metal layer 140 is configured above insulating layer 130 as fuse, and scaling powder 150 is completely covered by
Low-melting-point metal layer 140.In this way, which 120 adstante febre of heating member can directly melt low-melting-point metal layer 140, so that low melting point
Metal layer 140 is melted and is flowed to the electrode layer of two sides 160 and target 165, causes low-melting-point metal layer 140 from script
Whole piece metal is broken up into three pieces after melting, and chopping current reaches protection purpose.But because heating member 120 directly connects
Planar substrates 110 are touched, and the area of planar substrates 110 is typically much deeper than the area of heating member 120, the heat that heating member 120 generates
It is possible that because can not uniform conductive so that heat concentrate on certain region of planar substrates 110 and generate cracking.In addition, low melting point
Metal layer 140 and the connection circuit sectional area of external electrode are usually smaller, are not suitable for the application of high current (> 70A).
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of protection element and the circuit protection device comprising the protection element, with overvoltage, mistake
The function of electric current and/or over-temperature protection, and it is suitable for the application of high current (such as 60A~300A rated current).Protection member
Heating member has uniform heat conduction characteristic by modularized design in part, can bear high-power will not damage.In addition, of the invention
Smaller power, that is, fusible fuse member therein can be used in protection element.
According to the first aspect of the invention, a kind of protection element is provided comprising the first planar substrates, the second plane base
Plate, heating member and fuse member.Second planar substrates fit in the first planar substrates lower surface and form composite construction.The heating
Part includes insulation board and the heating layer for being formed in the insulation plate surface.The heating member is set on first planar substrates, this is absolutely
Listrium is set between first planar substrates and the heating layer.The fuse member is set to above the heating member.When overvoltage or
When excess temperature occurs, which generates heat to melt the fuse member.
In one embodiment, the size of the insulation board can the heat that generates of the uniform conductive heating layer and will not be cracked.
In one embodiment, the area of the insulation board is 1~2 times of the heating layer area.
In one embodiment, which additionally comprises two external electrodes for connecting the fuse member both ends, and along electric current
The sectional area of the direction external electrode is greater than the sectional area of the fuse member.
In one embodiment, which is equipped with groove, to accommodate the end of the fuse member.
In one embodiment, which additionally comprises target, is connected to the lower surface of the fuse member.
In one embodiment, which is equipped with two heating electrodes, connects the both ends of the heating layer.
In one embodiment, this two are heated one of electrical connection of electrode target.
In one embodiment, when first planar substrates generate crack because of overheat, which does not extend to the second plane
Substrate.
According to the second aspect of the invention, a kind of circuit protection device is provided, it includes protection elements above-mentioned, and arrange in pairs or groups
One detector and a switch.Detector is used to detect the voltage drop or temperature of a circuit to be protected.Switch connect the detector with
Receive its detection signal.When the detector detects voltage drop or temperature is more than preset value, the switch conduction, so that electric current stream
Through the heating member, so that heating member fever is to melt the fuse member.
Protection element of the invention can be used for high current because the sectional area for the external electrode connecting with fuse member is larger
The products application of (such as 60A~300A rated current).The heating layer of heating member is especially to be carried by insulation board in protection element,
It can avoid being cracked with uniform pickup and the heat of conduction heating layer generation, to improve the power that heating member can be born.Also, this hair
Bright protection element is designed using composite substrate, and the reliability of substrate can be improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the section structure of well known protection element.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic perspective view of the protection element of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows the dimensional decomposition structure diagram of the protection element of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is shown in Fig. 2 along the schematic diagram of the section structure of 1-1 hatching.
Fig. 5 shows the part isometric structural schematic diagram of the protection element of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 shows the circuit diagram of the circuit protection device of one embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, the reference numerals are as follows:
20: protection element；
21: the first planar substrates；
22: insulation board；
23: heating member；
24: fuse member；
25: the second planar substrates；
26: electrode pattern；
27: electrode layer；
28: heating electrode；
29: insulating layer；
30: target；
31: outer cover；
32: external electrode；
33: external electrode；
34: external electrode；
35: heating layer；
40: registration holes；
50: circuit protection device；
51: detector；
52: switch；
100: protection element；
110: planar substrates；
120: heating member；
125: heating member electrode；
130: insulating layer；
140: low-melting-point metal layer；
150: scaling powder；
160: electrode layer；
165: target；
170: outer cover；
311: extending column；
321: groove；
331: groove；
341: extending column.
Specific embodiment
For above and other technology contents of the invention, feature and advantage can be clearer and more comprehensible, correlation is cited below particularly out
Embodiment, and cooperate appended attached drawing, it is described in detail below.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic perspective view of first embodiment of the invention protection element 20, and Fig. 3 is the vertical of protection element 20
Body decomposition texture schematic diagram, Fig. 4 be then in Fig. 2 protection element 20 along the schematic diagram of the section structure of 1-1 hatching.Fig. 5 is protection
The part isometric structural schematic diagram of outer cover 31 is removed in element 20.Protection element 20 mainly include heating member 23 and fuse member 24,
Wherein when overvoltage or excess temperature occur, which generates heat to melt the fuse member 24, to provide overvoltage or mistake
Temperature protection.It is sequentially equipped with electrode pattern 26 on first planar substrates 21 of protection element 20, electrode layer 27, heating member 23, melts
Broken piece 24 and upper cover 31.Heating member 23 is set on first planar substrates 21, for using insulation board 22 as the heating of substrate
Module comprising insulation board 22 and is formed in the heating layer 35 on 22 surface of insulation board, wherein the insulation board 22 be set to this first
Between planar substrates 21 and heating layer 35.22 surface of insulation board can make two heating electrodes 28 using printing technology, and heat
Printing technology production heating layer 35 can also be used above electrode 28.The both ends of heating layer 35 are connected to this two heating electrodes
28 strip extension forms conductive path.Fuse member 24 is set to 23 top of heating member, and both ends connect external electricity
Pole 32 and 33 forms conductive path.In the present embodiment, 24 center lower section of fuse member connects a target 30, target 30
One end be connected to lower section corresponding position heating electrode 28 so that fuse member 24 formed include two fuses (fuse) circuit.
Rosin or other soft metals or scaling powder can be covered above fuse member 24.It is equipped between heating layer 35 and target 30 exhausted
Edge layer 29 is as isolation.Electrode pattern 26 is set on the first planar substrates 21, to connect external electrode 32,33 and 34.Electricity
Pole layer 27 connects heating member 23 and electrode pattern 26.In one embodiment, a thickness phase is set below first planar substrates 21
When or the second thicker planar substrates 25, form a substrate in combination.It is, second planar substrates 25 fit in this first
21 lower surface of planar substrates forms composite construction, to improve structural strength.When local high fever, because heat can be concentrated in neighbouring add
First planar substrates 21 of warmware 23, even if the first planar substrates 21 generate crack, it is flat which will not extend to second
Face substrate 25.Therefore the case where cracking, can be limited to the first planar substrates 21, and the second planar substrates 25 is avoided to have asking for cracking
Topic occurs.If the second planar substrates 25 are thicker to have better structural strength, even if the first planar substrates 21 are impaired, remain to maintain
The normal operation of protection element 20.In one embodiment, outer cover has extending column 311 below 31 4 corners, can be inserted into the first plane
The corresponding hole of substrate 21 and the second planar substrates 25 is combined, and forms a medium altitude chamber with the first planar substrates 21,
The components such as fuse member 24 and heating member 23 can be accommodated.First planar substrates 21, the second planar substrates 25, electrode pattern 26,
Electrode layer 27, insulation board 22, heating electrode 28 and target 30 can provide registration holes (such as heating electrode 28 in contraposition
Hole 40), to promote packaging efficiency and precision.In one embodiment, there is extending column 341 below external electrode 34, to be inserted into
The hole of 25 corresponding position of first planar substrates 21 and the second planar substrates, to be connected and fixed.
For spy it, external electrode 32 and 33 connect the fuse member 24 position be equipped with corresponding recesses 321 and 331, with standard
Really combine the fuse member 24.In the present embodiment, along current direction, the sectional area for connecting the external electrode 32 and 33 of fuse member 24 is big
In the sectional area of fuse member 24.As described multiple components provide big sectional area power supply stream and pass through, therefore are suitable for answering for high current
With, such as the protection element application of 60A~300A rated current.In the present embodiment, heating member 23 is to make basis with insulation board 22
To make heating layer 35.Ceramic material preferably can be used in the insulation board 22, and the area of the insulation board 22 is covered and is slightly larger than
The area of heating layer 35, and about 1~2 times.The heat that 22 size of insulation board appropriate can generate heating layer 35
Uniform quick conductive, concentrations region causes to be cracked heat due to conduction inequality is even when avoiding area excessive, therefore heats
Part 23 can bear relatively high power and will not damage.In addition, heating layer 35 is not directly contacted with first planar substrates 21, therefore
The probability of the first planar substrates 21 cracking can be reduced.For fuse member 24, because the heat of modular heating part 23 is less
Easy to lose, power needed for can reducing fusing, required wattage only needs the 1/2 of about commercial product.
In one embodiment, the first planar substrates 21 and the second planar substrates 25 can be the insulating planar base of square panes
Plate, material can be selected such as aluminium oxide, aluminium nitride, zirconium oxide or heat resistant glass plate.Electrode pattern 26, electrode layer 27, heating
Electrode 28 and target 30 may include silver, gold, copper, tin, nickel or other conductive metals, and thickness is about 0.005~1mm, or special
It is not 0.01mm, 0.05mm, 0.1mm, 0.3mm, 0.5mm.Other than using printing production electrode, sheet metal system also can be used
Make, to be suitble to high voltage applications.Low-melting-point metal or its alloy, such as Sn-Pb-Ag, Sn- can be selected in the material of fuse member 24
Ag, Sn-Sb, Sn-Zn, Zn-Al, Sn-Ag-Cu, Sn, Sn-Bi-Ag and Sn-Bi-Ag-Cu etc., wherein being with lead-free again
It is excellent, resistance value can be further decreased, and it is suitble to the application of high current.Depending on the magnitude of current being required through, the length of fuse member 24
It can be adjusted with width.For the thickness of fuse member 24 between 0.005mm to 1mm, preferred thickness is between 0.01mm to 0.5mm, most
Good thickness is or especially 0.05mm, 0.1mm, 0.3mm between 0.02mm to 0.2mm.35 material of heating layer may include ruthenium-oxide
(RuO2) and the additives such as silver-colored (Ag), palladium (Pd) and platinum (Pt).As the insulating layer being isolated between heating member 23 and fuse member 24
Glass (glass), epoxy resin (epoxy), aluminium oxide or silica gel (silicone) or glaze material can be selected in 29 material
(glaze) etc..
The external electrode 32,33 and 34 of above-described embodiment is the sheet metal extended in parallel, wherein may include hole, to make
External power supply or circuit to be protected are connected with connectors such as such as screws.In practice, protection element of the invention can also be designed
It at the protection element of surface adhesion type, is electrically connected using the conducting surface or conductive hole of side to the weld pad of lower section, using as table
Face adheres to the purposes of circuit board.
The equivalent circuit diagram of protection element 20 of the invention can be as shown in the circuit of dashed rectangle in Fig. 6.External electrode
The 32 end point A1 as one device (such as secondary cell or motor) to be protected of connection, external electrode 33 are then connected to for example
The end point B1 of charger or other similar device.External electrode 34 connects heating member 23, and the connection of 23 other end of heating member is intermediate
Electrode 30.According to the circuit design of protection element 20, the circuit that fuse member 24 is formed includes 2 concatenated fuses (fuse), is added
Warmware 23 forms a heater (showing with resistor symbols).In one embodiment, external electrode 34 is electrically connected switch 52, the switch
52 can be such as field-effect transistor (field effect transistor；FET).The grid (gate) of such as FET of switch 52 is even
Detector 51 is connect, and connects another endpoint A2 of circuit to be protected and another endpoint B2 of charger.The detector 51 can be
IC element has the function that can detect voltage drop or temperature.When not having overvoltage or excess temperature, switch 52 is open circuit, electric current
Heating member 23 is flowed through by fuse member 24, but without electric current.If there is overcurrent at this time, fuse member 24 can fuse and provide
Current protection.When detector 51 detects, voltage is more than a preset value (overvoltage) or temperature is more than a preset value (excess temperature)
When, switch 52 is switched on state, and electric current is from the source electrode (source) of switch 52 to the heated part of (drain) cocurrent that drains
23.Heating member 23 generates heat and fuse member 24 fuses, and then provides the protection of overvoltage or excess temperature.In summary, B1 to A1, B2
2 power supply lines for being provided to the circuit to be protected are formed to A2, and protection element 20, detector 51 are connected with the combination of switch 52
Two power supply lines form circuit protection device 50.When detector 51 detects the voltage drop of circuit to be protected or temperature is more than
When preset value, the starting fusing of heating member 23 fuse member 24.
The equivalent circuit of the protection element of previous embodiment includes 2 fuses and 1 heater.However, it is also possible to utilize
Other different structural circuits designs make including, for example, 2 fuses and 2 heaters or 1 fuse and 1 heater
Circuit form, and still covered by innovative technology of the invention.In another embodiment, fuse member can be electrically connected 2 external electrodes
Or weld pad forms a conductive path, heating member can connect other 2 external electrodes or weld pad forms another conductive path, from
And the electric current of heating member can be flowed through with independent control with the fuse member that fuses.
In summary, in the heating member of protection element of the present invention, insulation board can uniform conductive heating layer generate heat and be not easy
Cracking, therefore heating member can bear high-power and will not damage.In addition, fitting in the first plane base using the second planar substrates
The composite structural design of plate, other than it can optimize structural strength, the first planar substrates are split just in case when generating crack because of overheat
Seam at most extends to the fitting interface of the first planar substrates and the second planar substrates, does not extend to the second planar substrates.Therefore
Second planar substrates can still possess its integrality, so that protection element can maintain normal operation.Fuse member in protection element and
Its external electrode connected provides biggish sectional area power supply stream and passes through, and is suitable for the application of high current (such as 60A~300A).
In addition, it is less easy to lose because heat after heating member modularization can more concentrate, therefore fusing power needed for fuse member can be reduced.
Technology contents and technical characterstic of the invention have been disclosed as above, however those skilled in the art are still potentially based on this hair
Bright introduction and open and make various replacements and modification without departing substantially from present inventive concept.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should not
It is limited to embodiment disclosure of that, and should includes various without departing substantially from replacement and modification of the invention, and be claims institute
Cover.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of protection element, comprising:
One first planar substrates；
One second planar substrates fit in the first planar substrates lower surface and form composite construction；
One heating member, comprising an insulation board and the heating layer for being formed in the insulation plate surface, the heating member be set to this first
On planar substrates, which is set between first planar substrates and the heating layer；And
One fuse member is set to above the heating member；
Wherein when overvoltage or excess temperature occur, which generates heat to melt the fuse member.
2. protection element according to claim 1, wherein the size of the insulation board can the production of the uniform conductive heating layer
Raw heat and will not be cracked.
3. protection element according to claim 1, wherein the area of the insulation board is 1~2 times of the heating layer area.
4. protection element according to claim 1 additionally comprises two external electrodes for connecting the fuse member both ends, and edge
The sectional area of the current direction external electrode is greater than the sectional area of the fuse member.
5. protection element according to claim 4, wherein the external electrode is equipped with groove, to accommodate the end of the fuse member
Portion.
6. protection element according to claim 1 additionally comprises a target, it is connected to the lower surface of the fuse member.
7. protection element according to claim 6, wherein the insulation plate surface is equipped with two heating electrodes, the fever is connected
The both ends of layer.
8. protection element according to claim 7, wherein one of electrical connection centre of this two heating electrodes is electric
Pole.
9. protection element according to claim 1, wherein when first planar substrates generate crack because of overheat, the crack
Second planar substrates are not extended to.
10. a kind of circuit protection device, includes:
One protection element includes:
One first planar substrates include first surface；
One second planar substrates fit in the first planar substrates lower surface and form composite construction；
One heating member, comprising an insulation board and the heating layer for being formed in the insulation plate surface, the heating member be set to this first
On planar substrates, which is set between first planar substrates and the heating layer；And
One fuse member is set to above the heating member；
One detector detects the voltage drop or temperature of a circuit to be protected；And
One switch, connects the detector to receive its detection signal；
Wherein when the detector detects voltage drop or temperature is more than preset value, which adds so that electric current flows through this
Warmware, so that heating member fever is to melt the fuse member.
11. circuit protection device according to claim 10, wherein the size of the insulation board can the uniform conductive hair
Thermosphere generate heat and will not be cracked.
12. circuit protection device according to claim 10, wherein the protection element, which additionally comprises, connects the fuse member both ends
Two external electrodes in portion, and it is greater than along the sectional area of the current direction external electrode sectional area of the fuse member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711041277.9A CN109727833B (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2017-10-30 | Protection element and circuit protection device thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711041277.9A CN109727833B (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2017-10-30 | Protection element and circuit protection device thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109727833A true CN109727833A (en) | 2019-05-07 |
| CN109727833B CN109727833B (en) | 2021-07-30 |
Family
ID=66293518
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201711041277.9A Active CN109727833B (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2017-10-30 | Protection element and circuit protection device thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109727833B (en) |
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| CN112793383A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-14 | 镇江海姆霍兹传热传动系统有限公司 | Electric vehicle and electric heating device thereof |
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| CN114765084A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-07-19 | 国巨电子（中国）有限公司 | Fuse resistor and method of manufacturing the same |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN109727833B (en) | 2021-07-30 |
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