Automatic vegetable soilless culture and fish culture integrated system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-efficiency agriculture, in particular to an automatic vegetable soilless culture and fish culture integrated system.
Background
The fish and vegetable symbiosis integrated unique research is that the fish and vegetable production is organically combined through the reuse of water, and the consumption of water in the production of food is relatively reduced to the maximum extent. The water body provides required nutrition for vegetable by fish culture, and the nutrition is absorbed by the vegetable to improve water quality. The prospect of forming a commodity scale by the beneficial production mode of the fish and the vegetables is very optimistic.
High-density fish farming requires that water quality is pure and oxygen needs to be pumped into water continuously, so that very high electric quantity needs to be consumed; in addition, excrement that produces among the fish culture process can produce the sediment after directly throwing into soilless culture's aquatic, and these excrement can breed the fungus and destroy quality of water, can not be directly absorbed by soilless culture crop. Therefore, the prior art can not solve the problem of fish and vegetable symbiosis well.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an integrated system for soilless vegetable cultivation and fish culture, which solves the problem that soilless vegetable cultivation and fish culture cannot be symbiotic.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
the invention relates to an automatic vegetable soilless culture and fish culture integrated system, which comprises a floating plate culture facility, a ceramsite culture facility and a fish culture facility, wherein the heights of the floating plate culture facility, the ceramsite culture facility and the fish culture facility are sequentially reduced, the fish culture facility comprises a fish pond and a water pump A arranged in the fish pond, a filtering device A is arranged in the ceramsite culture facility, the filtering device A comprises a filtering pond A, an intermediate pond and a filter arranged between the filtering pond A and the intermediate pond, and the water outlet of the water pump A is communicated with the filtering pond A through a pipeline; the floating plate cultivation facility comprises a culture pond and a floating plate paved on the water surface of the culture pond, a water suction pump B is arranged in the middle pond, and the water suction pump B is communicated with the interior of the culture pond through a pipeline; the culture pond is communicated with the ceramsite cultivation facility through a pipeline; the water suction pump A, the water suction pump B, the dissolved oxygen sensor and the growth speed detection device are respectively and electrically connected with the controller; the dissolved oxygen sensor and the growth speed detection device are arranged in the fish pond.
Furthermore, the ceramsite cultivation facility is composed of a plurality of ceramsite cultivation areas which are adjacently arranged and are sequentially reduced in height, a water baffle is arranged between every two adjacent ceramsite cultivation areas, the heights of the tops of the corresponding water baffles are sequentially reduced, a filtering tank B is arranged in the ceramsite cultivation area at the bottommost layer, and a siphon device is arranged between the filtering tank B and the fish pond; and ultralight shale soilless culture ceramsite is laid in the ceramsite culture area, and earthworms are cultured in the middle of the ceramsite.
Furthermore, the ceramsite planting facility is composed of a plurality of ceramsite planting areas arranged in parallel, ultralight shale soilless culture ceramsite is paved in the ceramsite planting areas, and earthworms are cultured in the middle of the ceramsite; two ends of each ceramsite cultivation area are respectively provided with a water tank, the water tanks extend along the arrangement direction of the plurality of ceramsite cultivation areas, and two ends of each ceramsite cultivation area are respectively communicated with the water tanks on the corresponding sides; the water tank comprises a water inlet end and a water outlet end, the water inlet end of the water tank is communicated with the intermediate tank, the water outlet end of the water tank is provided with a filter tank B, and a siphon device is arranged between the filter tank B and the fish pond; the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the water tank are respectively provided with a gate.
Furthermore, the fish culture facility also comprises fishing grooves which are arranged beside the fish culture pond in parallel, the fish culture pond is square, a plurality of baffles are arranged in parallel in the fish culture pond to divide the fish culture pond body into a plurality of culture areas, the length directions of the baffles are mutually vertical to the length directions of the fishing grooves, an inserting plate is arranged between each culture area and each fishing groove, each inserting plate comprises a square frame and a net arranged on the inner side of the square frame, and sliding rails are laid on two sides of the opening of each fishing groove; the fish culture facility also comprises a fishing vehicle, the fishing vehicle comprises a fish box which is arranged in the fishing groove and has the width corresponding to that of the fishing groove, pulleys are arranged on two sides of the top of the fish box, and the pulleys are matched with the sliding rails, so that the fish box can move along the length directions of the sliding rails and the fishing groove; a crane is arranged above one end of the fish catching groove and can be connected with the top of the fish box through a steel wire.
Further, the filtering tank A comprises a square filtering tank body, the tail end of the filtering tank body is communicated with the middle tank, guide plates A are arranged in the filtering tank body in a staggered mode to form an S-shaped guide channel, a brush device is arranged in the guide channel and comprises chain wheels arranged on the guide plates A one above the other, a transmission chain sleeved on the two chain wheels, rod bodies arranged on the transmission chain in parallel and a brush arranged on the rod bodies, the rod bodies have flexibility, a groove body arranged in an inclined mode is arranged on the upper portion of the guide plates A, one end of each groove body is provided with a U-shaped opening, one end of each groove body provided with the U-shaped opening extends into the space between the rod bodies, and the chain wheels rotate to drive the rod bodies to pass through the U-shaped openings; the brush device also comprises a motor for driving the chain wheel to rotate.
Further, the filtering tank B comprises a square tank body, a water inlet pipe is arranged at one end of the tank body, a water outlet pipe is arranged at the other end of the tank body, two partition plates are arranged in the tank body and divide the tank body into three filtering areas, the filtering areas are a first filtering area, a second filtering area and a third filtering area from one end close to the water inlet pipe to one end of the water outlet pipe in sequence, and the height of each partition plate is smaller than that of the edge of the tank body; a guide plate B is arranged in each filtering area, and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the guide plate B and the bottom of the tank body.
Further, growth rate detection device comprises square framework and camera under water, the framework is vertical to be set up, the inboard bottom of framework is provided with the light, the camera is connected with the controller.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to an automatic vegetable soilless culture and fish culture integrated system, which comprises a floating plate culture facility, a ceramsite culture facility and a fish culture facility, wherein the heights of the floating plate culture facility, the ceramsite culture facility and the fish culture facility are sequentially reduced, the fish culture facility comprises a fish pond and a water pump A arranged in the fish pond, a filtering device A is arranged in the ceramsite culture facility, the filtering device A comprises a filtering pond A, an intermediate pond and a filter arranged between the filtering pond A and the intermediate pond, and the water outlet of the water pump A is communicated with the filtering pond A through a pipeline; the floating plate cultivation facility comprises a culture pond and a floating plate paved on the water surface of the culture pond, a water suction pump B is arranged in the middle pond, and the water suction pump B is communicated with the interior of the culture pond through a pipeline; the culture pond is communicated with the ceramsite cultivation facility through a pipeline. The automatic vegetable soilless culture and fish culture integrated system solves the technical problem that soilless culture and fish culture cannot be symbiotic in the past.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an automated vegetable soilless culture and fish culture integrated system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a fish farming facility in the integrated system for automated vegetable soilless culture and fish farming according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a filtering tank A in the integrated system for automatic soilless culture of vegetables and fish culture of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a filtering tank B in the integrated system for automatic soilless culture of vegetables and fish culture of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a growth rate detection device in the integrated system for automatic soilless culture of vegetables and fish culture of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, the integrated system for soilless vegetable cultivation and fish culture in this embodiment includes a floating plate cultivation facility 1, a ceramsite cultivation facility 2 and a fish culture facility 3, wherein the heights of the floating plate cultivation facility, the ceramsite cultivation facility and the fish culture facility are sequentially reduced, the floating plate cultivation facility is used for cultivating leafy vegetables, the ceramsite cultivation facility can cultivate root vegetables and plants needing a fixed root system, the fish culture facility 3 includes a fish pond 31 and a water pump a32 arranged in the fish pond, a filter device a is arranged in the ceramsite cultivation facility 2, the filter device a includes a filter pond a21, an intermediate pond 22 and a filter arranged between the filter pond a21 and the intermediate pond 22, and a water outlet of the water pump a is communicated with the filter pond a21 through a pipeline; the floating plate cultivation facility 1 comprises a cultivation pond 10 and a floating plate 11 laid on the water surface of the cultivation pond, a water suction pump B is arranged in the middle pond, and the water suction pump B is communicated with the inside of the cultivation pond 10 through a pipeline; the culture pond 10 is communicated with the ceramsite cultivation facility 2 through a pipeline; the water suction pump A, the water suction pump B, the dissolved oxygen sensor and the growth speed detection device 4 are respectively and electrically connected with the controller; the dissolved oxygen sensor and the growth speed detection device are arranged in the fish pond; specifically, the growth rate detection device comprises a square frame body 41 and an underwater camera 42, the frame body is vertically arranged, an illuminating lamp 43 is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the frame body, the camera is connected with a controller, and the working method of the growth rate detection device is as follows: put into the middle part in the aquarium with growth rate detection device, when feeding the fish, with the fish food put into the aquarium of growth rate detection device one side, the fish passes from the framework, opens the light, shoots the fish that passes the framework through the camera, transmits into the sensor with data at last, through image recognition and data analysis, calculates out the average length and the body width of fish to at last calculate the growth volume of fish, confirm from the growth volume of fish and throw the food volume.
The principle of the automatic vegetable soilless culture and fish culture integrated system comprises the following steps: during specific construction, a floating plate cultivation facility, a ceramsite cultivation facility and a fish cultivation facility can be built in sequence depending on the height of a mountain, a dissolved oxygen sensor is used for detecting the concentration of dissolved oxygen in a fish pond, and when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen is low, a water suction pump A and a water suction pump B work to enable water in the fish pond to flow through the floating plate cultivation facility 1 and the ceramsite cultivation facility 2, so that water in the fish pond can be filtered, and meanwhile, the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the water in the fish pond is increased. The ceramsite cultivation facility is built between the floating plate cultivation facility and the fish cultivation facility, and has the following functions: 1) the ceramsite planting facility can be used for cultivating root crops and has the function of purifying water; 2) the system of the invention combines the soilless culture of leaf vegetables and root vegetables, realizes high-density fish breeding, and solves the technical problem that the prior soilless culture and fish culture can not realize symbiosis.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the ceramsite planting facility 2 is composed of a plurality of ceramsite planting areas 25 which are adjacently arranged and are sequentially reduced in height, ultra-light shale soilless culture ceramsite is paved in the ceramsite planting areas, and earthworms are cultured in the middles of the ceramsite planting areas. The water baffles 26 are arranged between every two adjacent ceramsite cultivation areas, the top heights of the corresponding water baffles are sequentially reduced, the ceramsite cultivation area positioned at the bottommost layer is internally provided with a filter tank B24, a siphon device 23 is arranged between the filter tank B and the fish pond, and the filter tank B comprises an ammonia removal stone area and a quartz sand filter area which are arranged in parallel. The fact that crops with different requirements on water concentration and different water absorption rates are planted in different ceramsite planting areas is achieved by arranging the plurality of adjacently arranged ceramsite planting areas 25 with the heights being sequentially reduced, nutrients in water are fully utilized, and meanwhile the eutrophication concentration of the fish pond can be enhanced. The parallel implementation of the technical scheme is as follows: the ceramsite planting facility 2 is composed of a plurality of ceramsite planting areas 25 which are arranged in parallel, ultra-light shale soilless culture ceramsite is paved in the ceramsite planting areas, and earthworms are cultured in the middle of the ceramsite; two ends of each ceramsite cultivation area are respectively provided with a water tank 27, the water tanks 27 extend along the arrangement direction of the plurality of ceramsite cultivation areas, and two ends of each ceramsite cultivation area are respectively communicated with the water tanks on the corresponding sides; the water tank comprises a water inlet end and a water outlet end, the water inlet end of the water tank is communicated with the intermediate tank, the water outlet end of the water tank is provided with a filter tank B24, and a siphon device is arranged between the filter tank B and the fish pond; the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the water tank 27 are respectively provided with a gate 28.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the fish culture facility 3 further comprises fish catching grooves 33 arranged beside the fish culture pond in parallel, the fish culture pond is square, a plurality of baffles 34 are arranged in parallel in the fish culture pond to divide the fish culture pond into a plurality of culture areas, the length directions of the baffles are perpendicular to the length directions of the fish catching grooves, an insert plate 35 is arranged between each culture area and each fish catching groove, each insert plate 35 comprises a square frame and a net arranged on the inner side of the square frame, and slide rails 36 are laid on two sides of the notch of each fish catching groove; the fish culture facility further comprises a fishing car, the fishing car comprises a fish box 37 which is arranged in the fishing groove and has the width corresponding to the width of the fishing groove, pulleys 38 are arranged on two sides of the top of the fish box and are matched with the sliding rails, so that the fish box can move along the length direction of the sliding rails and the fishing groove, a crane 39 is arranged above one end of the fishing groove, and the crane can be connected with the top of the fish box through steel wires. The improved measures greatly reduce the labor intensity of manual fishing and transportation and improve the fishing efficiency.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the filtering tank a21 includes a square filtering tank body 21a, the tail end of the filtering tank body 21a is communicated with the middle tank 22, guide plates A21b are arranged in the filtering tank body 21a in a staggered mode to form an S-shaped guide channel, a brush device is arranged in the flow guide channel and comprises chain wheels 21c which are arranged on the flow guide plate A respectively from top to bottom, a transmission chain 21d which is sleeved on the two chain wheels, a rod body 21e which is arranged on the transmission chain in parallel and a brush 21f which is arranged on the rod body, the rod body has flexibility, the upper part of the guide plate A is provided with a groove body 21g which is obliquely arranged, one end of the groove body 21g is provided with a U-shaped opening 21h, one end of the groove body with the U-shaped opening extends into the position between the rod bodies, and the chain wheel rotates to drive the rod bodies to pass through the U-shaped opening; the brush device further comprises a motor 21i for driving the chain wheel to rotate. The S-shaped flow guide channel is arranged so that the liquid containing impurities can be fully filtered. The during operation, the impurity in the brush filtration liquid, after filtering a certain period, motor drive sprocket rotates, and the sprocket drives the transmission chain and goes up the body of rod and skim from the U type opening of cell body, and impurity on the brush is scraped from U type open-ended edge, the slope of cell body sets up, and it is high-end that messenger U type opening is located the cell body, scrapes the impurity that falls and is followed the cell body and to the landing of cell body bottom, is retrieved at last.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 5, the filtering tank B24 includes a square tank body, one end of the tank body is provided with a water inlet pipe 24a, the other end of the tank body is provided with a water outlet pipe 24B, the tank body is provided with two partition plates 24c, the tank body is divided into three filtering areas by the two partition plates, the filtering areas are a first filtering area 24e, a second filtering area 24f and a third filtering area 24g in sequence from one end close to the water inlet pipe to one end close to the water outlet pipe, and the height of the partition plates is smaller than the height of the edge of the tank body; a flow guide plate B24d is arranged in each filtering area, and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the flow guide plate B24d and the bottom of the tank body. During operation, fish pond fish excrement water is from the inlet tube discharge back, because the effect of guide plate for rivers only can pass then from division board top to next filtration region from the guide plate bottom, thereby make the filtering material in the filtration region can both fully exert the filter effect, make the filter effect better.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.