CN109699056A - Method for switching network and device and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
Method for switching network and device and computer readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/14—Reselecting a network or an air interface
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
- H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for switching network and device and computer readable storage medium, are related to wireless communication field.Method for switching network includes: the network checked and be currently accessed；In the case where being currently accessed first network, decide whether to be switched to the second network according to the signal strength of first network, the signal strength of first network low threshold and the second network, the second network thresholding；In the case where being currently accessed the second network, decide whether to be switched to first network according to the signal strength of first network, first network high threshold；Wherein, the priority of first network is higher than the second network.It is thus possible to preferentially improve the communication quality and user experience when network switching using first network under the premise of guaranteeing communication quality and reducing switching to the greatest extent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, in particular to a kind of method for switching network and device and computer-readable storage
Medium.
Background technique
Currently, user using network when being serviced, the equipment of user may simultaneously scan for more than one network.
For example, the packet data gateway (Evolved Packet Data Gateway, referred to as: ePDG) based on evolution
VoWiFi (Voice on WIFi, the voice based on Wireless Fidelity) can provide carrier class based on IMS (Internet
Protocol Multimedia Subsystem, IP multimedia subsystem) voice；Meanwhile VoLTE (Voice on LTE,
Voice based on long term evolution) also framework is controlled by core of IMS.It, can when user wants to use the voice service based on IMS
To carry out two-way switching selection between VoWiFi and VoLTE.
In the related art, the switching between heterogeneous networks is limited using simple gate, i.e. the Network status according only to a kind of network
To decide whether to carry out network switching, and priority is selected by the priority of terminal default heterogeneous networks or by user.For example,
When needing to switch between network A and network B, whether the relevant parameter for judging the higher network A of priority is greater than
Threshold value is switched to network A if the relevant parameter of network A is greater than threshold value；If the relevant parameter of network A is not more than threshold value,
Then it is switched to network B.
Summary of the invention
Inventor has found after analyzing the relevant technologies, decides whether to carry out according only to a kind of Network status of network
The mode of network switching easily cause it is unnecessary switching and accidentally switch, such as certain network signal quality near threshold
It fluctuates and causes frequent switching, lead to the reduction of communication quality.
One technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the invention is that: how to guarantee communication quality when network switching.
First aspect according to an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method for switching network, comprising: checks being currently accessed
Network；In the case where being currently accessed first network, according to the signal strength of first network, first network low threshold and second
The signal strength of network, the second network thresholding decide whether to be switched to the second network；In the case where being currently accessed the second network,
Decide whether to be switched to first network according to the signal strength of first network, first network high threshold；Wherein, first network is excellent
First grade is higher than the second network.
In some embodiments, in the case where being currently accessed first network, if the signal strength of first network is not high
It is higher than the second network thresholding, the network switching that will be currently accessed in the signal strength of first network low threshold and the second network
To the second network.
In some embodiments, in the case where being currently accessed the second network, if the signal strength of first network is higher than
First network high threshold, by the network switching being currently accessed to first network.
In some embodiments, first network is VoLTE network, and the second network is VoWiFi network；Alternatively, first network
For VoWiFi network, the second network is VoLTE network.
In some embodiments, at least one of first network low threshold, first network high threshold, second network thresholding
It is determined according to cutting off rate.
The second aspect according to an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of network switching device, comprising: present access network is looked into
It sees module, is configured as checking the network being currently accessed；Network handover module is configured as in the feelings for being currently accessed first network
Under condition, according to the signal strength of first network, the signal strength of first network low threshold and the second network, the second network thresholding
Decide whether to be switched to the second network；And in the case where being currently accessed the second network, according to the signal strength of first network,
First network high threshold decides whether to be switched to first network；Wherein, the priority of first network is higher than the second network.
In some embodiments, network handover module is configured in the case where being currently accessed first network,
If the signal strength of first network is higher than the second network not higher than the signal strength of first network low threshold and the second network
Thresholding, by the network switching being currently accessed to the second network.
In some embodiments, network handover module is configured in the case where being currently accessed the second network,
If the signal strength of first network is higher than first network high threshold, by the network switching being currently accessed to first network.
In some embodiments, first network is VoLTE network, and the second network is VoWiFi network；Alternatively, first network
For VoWiFi network, the second network is VoLTE network.
In some embodiments, at least one of first network low threshold, first network high threshold, second network thresholding
It is determined according to cutting off rate.
In terms of third according to an embodiment of the present invention, a kind of network switching device is provided, comprising: memory；And coupling
It is connected to the processor of the memory, the processor is configured to the instruction based on storage in the memory, before execution
State any one method for switching network.
4th aspect according to an embodiment of the present invention, provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with meter
Calculation machine program, which is characterized in that the program realizes any one aforementioned method for switching network when being executed by processor.
Some embodiments in foregoing invention have the following advantages that or the utility model has the advantages that are the first net in the network being currently accessed
When network, decide whether with reference to lower first network low threshold in corresponding two thresholdings of first network and the second network thresholding
Switching；When the network being currently accessed is the second network, with reference to higher first network in corresponding two thresholdings of first network
High threshold decides whether to switch.It is thus possible to preferentially use first under the premise of guaranteeing communication quality and reducing switching to the greatest extent
Network improves communication quality and user experience when network switching.
By referring to the drawings to the detailed description of exemplary embodiment of the present invention, other feature of the invention and its
Advantage will become apparent.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention without any creative labor, may be used also for those of ordinary skill in the art
To obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart according to the method for switching network of some embodiments of the disclosure.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart according to the method for switching network of the disclosure other embodiments.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart according to the network switching device of some embodiments of the disclosure.
Fig. 4 is the structure chart according to the network switching device of the disclosure other embodiments.
Fig. 5 is the structure chart according to the network switching device of the other embodiment of the disclosure.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Below
Description only actually at least one exemplary embodiment be it is illustrative, never as to the present invention and its application or make
Any restrictions.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work premise
Under every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, positioned opposite, the digital table of the component and step that otherwise illustrate in these embodiments
It is not limited the scope of the invention up to formula and numerical value.
Simultaneously, it should be appreciated that for ease of description, the size of various pieces shown in attached drawing is not according to reality
Proportionate relationship draw.
Technology, method and apparatus known to person of ordinary skill in the relevant may be not discussed in detail, but suitable
In the case of, the technology, method and apparatus should be considered as authorizing part of specification.
It is shown here and discuss all examples in, any occurrence should be construed as merely illustratively, without
It is as limitation.Therefore, the other examples of exemplary embodiment can have different values.
It should also be noted that similar label and letter indicate similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined in a attached drawing, then in subsequent attached drawing does not need that it is further discussed.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart according to the method for switching network of some embodiments of the disclosure.As shown in Figure 1, network switching side
Method includes step S102~S106.
In step s 102, the network being currently accessed is checked.
The network being currently accessed can be first network or the second network, wherein the priority of first network is higher than the
Two networks.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that " second " in " first " and the second network in first network is only used for area
Divide different networks, without other restrictive meanings.
In some embodiments, first network is VoLTE network, and the second network is VoWiFi network；Alternatively, first network
For VoWiFi network, the second network is VoLTE network.As needed, other networks work can also be arranged in those skilled in the art
For first network and the second network.
The priority of to be switched network can be by network side setting in the present invention, such as can be carried out by operator
Setting.If operator is very confident to the network coverage of oneself, the priority of settable VoLTE is higher than VoWiFi；If operator
It covers poor, it is desirable to user be attracted with VoWiFi, then the priority of settable VoWiFi is higher than VoLTE.
Further, it is also possible to cover handover mechanism for different business demand settings.Such as voice service, VoLTE
Priority be higher than VoWiFi；For video traffic, the priority of VoWiFi is higher than VoLTE etc..
Some embodiments of the present invention are provided with three thresholdings to switch over control.For example, can be first network thresholding
High and low thresholding is set, then is second network settings the second network thresholding.First network high threshold for example can be in signal quality
Some corresponding signal strength indication whens equal；First network low threshold can be for example first network signal quality by medium steering
Some corresponding critical value when poor；Second network thresholding can according to need setting, such as can be the second network signal quality
Some corresponding critical value when by medium steering difference.Then control is switched over according to these thresholdings.
In step S104, in the case where being currently accessed first network, according to the signal strength of first network, the first net
The signal strength of network low threshold and the second network, the second network thresholding decide whether to be switched to the second network.
That is, if the Network status for being first network, needing according to first network and the second network being currently accessed
It codetermines and whether switches over.
The priority of first network is higher, under the premise of not influencing communication quality, keeps access first network as far as possible.Cause
This, for the application other than determining switching according to the signal strength of first network itself, the signal that can also refer to the second network is strong
Degree, the condition referred to when to increasing switching.
In some embodiments, the signal strength indicator for needing to measure can be set according to the concrete type of network.Example
Such as, the signal strength of LTE network can (Reference Signal Receiving Power, reference signal connect using RSRP
Receive power) or RSRQ (Reference Signal Receiving Quality, Reference Signal Received Quality) Lai Hengliang,
The signal strength of WiFi network can use RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication, received signal
Intensity instruction) Lai Hengliang.
In step s 106, in the case where being currently accessed the second network, according to the signal strength of first network, the first net
Network high threshold decides whether to be switched to first network.
That is, if what is be currently accessed is the second network, it can be according to the network-like of the higher first network of priority
Condition decides whether to switch over.
In the above-described embodiments, there are two thresholdings for first network setting.When the network being currently accessed is first network, ginseng
Lower first network low threshold and the second network thresholding in corresponding two thresholdings of first network is examined to decide whether to switch；?
When the network being currently accessed is the second network, determine with reference to higher first network high threshold in corresponding two thresholdings of first network
It is fixed whether to switch.It is thus possible to preferentially be mentioned using first network under the premise of guaranteeing communication quality and reducing switching to the greatest extent
Communication quality and user experience when high network switching.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart according to the method for switching network of the disclosure other embodiments.If the signal of first network is strong
Degree is N1, and the signal strength of the second network is N2, and first network wealthy family is limited to T1_H, and first network low threshold is T1_L, second
Web portal is limited to T2.As shown in Fig. 2, the method for switching network of the embodiment includes step S202~S214.
In step S202, the network being currently accessed is checked.
In step S204, in the case where being currently accessed first network, judge whether N1≤T1_L and N2 > T2.Such as
Fruit is to execute step S206；If it is not, executing step S208.
In step S206, by the network switching being currently accessed to the second network.
If the signal strength of first network is higher than not higher than the signal strength of first network low threshold and the second network
Second network thresholding, the i.e. dtr signal of first network, the signal of the second network are stronger, can be switched to network signal more at this time
The second good network.
In step S208, without network switching.
At this point, the signal strength of first network is higher than first network low threshold or the signal strength of the second network is not high
In the second network thresholding, i.e. the Network status of first network does not reach very poor degree or first network and the second network
It is all poor.
When the Network status of first network is fine, though then the signal strength of the second network, can be directly selected
One network；When first network and all poor the second network, according to the priority of network, still selection first network.
It therefore, in this case can be without network switching.
In step S210, in the case where being currently accessed the second network, judge whether N1 > T1_H.If so, executing step
Rapid S212；If it is not, executing step S214.
In step S212, by the network switching being currently accessed to first network.
If the signal strength of first network is higher than first network high threshold, i.e. first network signal is fine, no matter then the
How is the signal strength of two networks, can be by the network switching being currently accessed to first network.
Although the priority of first network is higher, if currently having accessed the second network, the first net is needed
The signal strength of network switches over again when being more than first network high threshold, avoids network frequent switching, as far as possible to guarantee using net
Stability when network.
In step S214, without network switching.
If the signal strength of first network is not higher than first network high threshold, i.e. the signal of first network has not been reached yet
The medium above degree, then temporarily influence communication experiences without switching to prevent network frequent switching.
Method through the foregoing embodiment can compare first network and the second network with corresponding threshold value respectively
Compared with being decided whether to switch according to comparison result, the preferentially used under the premise of guaranteeing communication quality and reducing switching to the greatest extent
One network, to improve communication quality and user experience.
Above-described embodiment uses following access principle: being higher than first network high threshold in the signal strength of first network
In the case of, the network that selects first network to access as terminal；First network signal strength between first network high threshold and
In the case where between first network low threshold, retain the network that terminal is currently accessed, i.e., without switching；In the letter of first network
Number intensity is not higher than in the case where first network low threshold, if the signal strength of the second network is not higher than the second network thresholding,
The network for selecting first network to access as terminal；If the signal strength of the second network is higher than the second network thresholding, selection the
The network that two networks are accessed as terminal.
If first network is VoLTE, signal strength V1, the second network is VoWiFi, signal strength V2.LTE_H is
The high threshold of VoLTE, LTE_L are the low threshold of VoLTE, and WiFi_H is the thresholding of VoWiFi.It is in the network being currently accessed
When VoLTE, network selection and switch instances at different conditions can be as shown in table 1.
Table 1
When the network being currently accessed is VoWiFi, network selection and switch instances at different conditions can be such as table 2
It is shown.
Table 2
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiment shown in Fig. 2 only relates to some embodiments of the present invention rather than complete
Portion's embodiment.As needed, those skilled in the art can also switch over control according to other actual conditions.For example,
In the case where being currently accessed first network, can be less than in the signal strength of first network and the gap of first network low threshold
When the signal strength of preset value and the second network and the gap of the second network thresholding are less than preset value, it is switched to the second network；
In another example in the case where being currently accessed the second network, it can be in the signal strength and first network high threshold of first network
Gap is switched to first network when being less than preset value, or is higher than first network high threshold, simultaneously in the signal strength of first network
And second the signal strength of network be switched to first network in limited time less than the second web portal.
Network in the embodiment of the present invention for example can be speech service network, data services network, video traffic network
Etc..In some embodiments, first network low threshold, first network high threshold, the second net can be determined according to cutting off rate
Network thresholding.For example, corresponding cutting off rate can determine the thresholding of network when accessing the network of unlike signal intensity.
In some embodiments, corresponding cutting off rate when the signal quality of first network takes different numerical value can be counted, it will
The signal strength of first network corresponding to first variation degree of preset first cutting off rate or cutting off rate is determined as the first net
Network high threshold, the signal strength of first network corresponding to the second variation degree of preset second cutting off rate or cutting off rate is true
It is set to first network low threshold.For example, corresponding signal strength when cutting off rate reaches certain numerical value can be set, or can be with
It is threshold value that signal strength corresponding when cutting off rate change dramatically, which is arranged,.
In some embodiments, corresponding cutting off rate when the signal quality of the second network takes different numerical value can also be counted,
The signal quality of second network corresponding to the third variation degree of preset third cutting off rate or cutting off rate is determined as second
Network threshold value.Such as test result shows that zero load WiFi cutting off rate when RSSI is -82 or more increases sharply, voice quality is poor,
It then can be using RSSI=-82 as the second network thresholding.
For example, test result in accordance with some embodiments can set VoLTE when the priority of VoLTE is higher than VoWiFi
Wealthy family to be limited to RSRP=-111~-113, VoLTE low threshold be that RSRP=-116~-118, VoWiFi thresholding is
RSSI=-79~-81.Other numerical value conducts can also be arranged in those skilled in the art according to other test results or professional qualification
Threshold value, which is not described herein again.
Some embodiments of the present invention additionally provide a kind of network switching device, and network switching device can be located at equipment
In, such as mobile phone, computer, the network equipment, it is also possible to the device independently of an equipment.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart according to the network switching device of some embodiments of the disclosure.As shown in figure 3, the embodiment
Network switching device 300 includes: that present access network checks module 310, is configured as checking the network being currently accessed；Network is cut
Block 320 is changed the mold, is configured as in the case where being currently accessed first network, according to the signal strength of first network, first network
The signal strength of low threshold and the second network, the second network thresholding decide whether to be switched to the second network；It is being currently accessed
In the case where two networks, decide whether to be switched to first network according to the signal strength of first network, first network high threshold；Its
In, the priority of first network is higher than the second network.
In some embodiments, network handover module 320 can be configured to be currently accessed first network
In the case of, if the signal strength of first network is higher than not higher than the signal strength of first network low threshold and the second network
Second network thresholding, by the network switching being currently accessed to the second network；If the signal strength of first network is higher than the first net
The signal strength of network low threshold or the second network is not higher than the second network thresholding, without network switching.
In some embodiments, network handover module 320 is configured to the case where being currently accessed the second network
Under, if the signal strength of first network is higher than first network high threshold, by the network switching being currently accessed to first network；Such as
The signal strength of fruit first network is not higher than first network high threshold, without network switching.
In some embodiments, first network is VoLTE network, and the second network is VoWiFi network；Alternatively, first network
For VoWiFi network, the second network is VoLTE network.
In some embodiments, at least one of first network low threshold, first network high threshold, second network thresholding
It is determined according to cutting off rate.
Fig. 4 is the structure chart according to the network switching device of the disclosure other embodiments.As shown in figure 4, the embodiment
Network switching device 400 include: memory 410 and the processor 420 for being coupled to the memory 410, processor 420 is matched
It is set to the instruction in store 410 based on storage, executes the method for switching network in aforementioned any embodiment.
Wherein, memory 410 is such as may include system storage, fixed non-volatile memory medium.System storage
Device is for example stored with operating system, application program, Boot loader (Boot Loader) and other programs etc..
Fig. 5 is the structure chart according to the network switching device of the other embodiment of the disclosure.As shown in figure 5, the embodiment
Network switching device 500 include: memory 510 and processor 520, can also include that input/output interface 530, network connect
Mouth 540, memory interface 550 etc..Can for example it lead between these interfaces 530,540,550 and memory 510 and processor 520
Cross the connection of bus 560.Wherein, input/output interface 530 is display, the input-output equipment such as mouse, keyboard, touch screen provide
Connecting interface.Network interface 540 provides connecting interface for various networked devices.Memory interface 550, which is that SD card, USB flash disk etc. are external, to be deposited
It stores up equipment and connecting interface is provided.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program, special
Sign is that the program realizes any one aforementioned method for switching network when being executed by processor.
Those skilled in the art should be understood that the embodiment of the present invention can provide as method, system or computer journey
Sequence product.Therefore, complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or combining software and hardware aspects can be used in the present invention
The form of embodiment.Moreover, it wherein includes the calculating of computer usable program code that the present invention, which can be used in one or more,
Machine can use the meter implemented in non-transient storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.)
The form of calculation machine program product.
The present invention be referring to according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention, the process of equipment (system) and computer program product
Figure and/or block diagram describe.It is interpreted as to be realized by computer program instructions each in flowchart and/or the block diagram
The combination of process and/or box in process and/or box and flowchart and/or the block diagram.It can provide these computer journeys
Sequence instruct to general purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing devices processor with
A machine is generated, so that the instruction generation executed by computer or the processor of other programmable data processing devices is used for
Realize the dress for the function of specifying in one or more flows of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram
It sets.
These computer program instructions, which may also be stored in, is able to guide computer or other programmable data processing devices with spy
Determine in the computer-readable memory that mode works, so that it includes referring to that instruction stored in the computer readable memory, which generates,
Enable the manufacture of device, the command device realize in one box of one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram or
The function of being specified in multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that counting
Series of operation steps are executed on calculation machine or other programmable devices to generate computer implemented processing, thus in computer or
The instruction executed on other programmable devices is provided for realizing in one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram one
The step of function of being specified in a box or multiple boxes.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of method for switching network, comprising:
Check the network being currently accessed；
In the case where being currently accessed first network, according to the signal strength of first network, first network low threshold and second
The signal strength of network, the second network thresholding decide whether to be switched to the second network；
In the case where being currently accessed the second network, decided whether according to the signal strength of first network, first network high threshold
It is switched to first network；
Wherein, the priority of first network is higher than the second network.
2. method for switching network according to claim 1, wherein in the case where being currently accessed first network, if the
The signal strength of one network is higher than the second network thresholding not higher than the signal strength of first network low threshold and the second network,
By the network switching being currently accessed to the second network.
3. method for switching network according to claim 1, wherein in the case where being currently accessed the second network, if the
The signal strength of one network is higher than first network high threshold, by the network switching being currently accessed to first network.
4. method for switching network described in any one of claim 1 to 3, wherein first network is VoLTE network, the
Two networks are VoWiFi network；Alternatively, first network is VoWiFi network, the second network is VoLTE network.
5. method for switching network described in any one of claim 1 to 3, wherein first network low threshold, first network
At least one of high threshold, second network thresholding are determined according to cutting off rate.
6. a kind of network switching device, comprising:
Present access network checks module, is configured as checking the network being currently accessed；
Network handover module is configured as
In the case where being currently accessed first network, according to the signal strength of first network, first network low threshold and second
The signal strength of network, the second network thresholding decide whether to be switched to the second network；And
In the case where being currently accessed the second network, decided whether according to the signal strength of first network, first network high threshold
It is switched to first network；
Wherein, the priority of first network is higher than the second network.
7. network switching device according to claim 6, wherein the network handover module is configured to working as
In the case where preceding access first network, if the signal strength of first network is not higher than first network low threshold and the second net
The signal strength of network is higher than the second network thresholding, by the network switching being currently accessed to the second network.
8. network switching device according to claim 6, wherein the network handover module is configured to working as
In the case where the second network of preceding access, if the signal strength of first network is higher than first network high threshold, by what is be currently accessed
Network switching is to first network.
9. the network switching device according to any one of claim 6~8, wherein first network is VoLTE network, the
Two networks are VoWiFi network；Alternatively, first network is VoWiFi network, the second network is VoLTE network.
10. the network switching device according to any one of claim 6~8, wherein first network low threshold, the first net
At least one of network high threshold, second network thresholding are determined according to cutting off rate.
11. a kind of network switching device characterized by comprising
Memory；And
It is coupled to the processor of the memory, the processor is configured to the instruction based on storage in the memory,
Execute such as method for switching network according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
12. a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program, which is characterized in that the program is by processor
Method for switching network according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is realized when execution.
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