CN109694409B - 一种血管紧张素转化酶抑制活性功能肽及其应用 - Google Patents
一种血管紧张素转化酶抑制活性功能肽及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种血管紧张素转化酶抑制活性功能肽及其应用。其氨基酸序列为异亮氨酸‑异亮氨酸‑甲硫氨酸‑亮氨酸‑亮氨酸‑脯氨酸‑谷氨酰胺‑赖氨酸‑半胱氨酸。本发明从珍珠贝软体部木瓜蛋白酶促水解产物中分离得到具有血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)活性抑制活性的功能肽,其可以作为ACE抑制肽,应用于具有ACE抑制能力的功能食品或功能饲料中,具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于海洋软体动物功能肽和功能食品领域,具体涉及一种血管紧张素转化酶抑制活性功能肽及其应用。
背景技术
高血压被认为是引起慢性心血管疾病的最危险因素。血管紧张素转换酶(ACE),可将血管紧张素-I转化为强效血管收缩活性物质血管紧张素-II,以及催化血管扩张剂缓激肽的降解,是调节血压的主要酶之一。ACE的抑制剂(ACEI)是一类新的抗血管收缩药物,可通过抑制ACE活性,有效遏制血管紧张素Ⅱ的形成,以达到控制血压的目的。化学合成的ACEI物质,如卡托普利,依那普利,阿拉普利和赖诺普利,被开发为抗高血压药物,现已广泛用于治疗高血压和心力衰竭。但是长期的研究和应用结果都已表明,这些化学药物具有较强的副作用。因而从食物蛋白质衍生的天然ACEI活性物质成为研究热点,人们希望从中发现高效、低毒的新型ACE抑制剂,以替代毒性较强的合成的药物。目前,已发现了一批具有ACEI活性的肽类,在动物模型和临床试验种显示了良好应用潜力。
海洋贝类已成为ACEI活性肽的重要来源。目前,研究学者已经从牡蛎、扇贝、贻贝、文蛤及鲍鱼等多种贝类的蛋白酶解物中分离出具有ACE抑制制活性的功能肽。郝记明(郝记明;章超桦;郭顺堂,马氏珠母贝肉ACEIP分离及提取的初步研究.食品与发酵工业2006,32,(2),113.)、曹文红(曹文红;吴红棉;章超桦;徐炳华;何荣方,马氏珠母贝肉酶解产物ACE抑制活性的研究.食品与发酵工业2008,34,(8),60.)等人的研究表明,珍珠贝软体部蛋白的酶解物中,含有丰富的ACEI活性肽。但迄今为止,关于这些活性肽的有效成分的结构的研究,还不多见,制约了应用技术的发展。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种从珍珠贝软体部酶解物中获得的功能肽,这种肽具有血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)活性抑制作用。
本发明所述的功能肽,含9个氨基酸残基,其序列为异亮氨酸-异亮氨酸-甲硫氨酸-亮氨酸-亮氨酸-脯氨酸-谷氨酰胺-赖氨酸-半胱氨酸(IIMLLPQKC),是一个新结构肽类。
本发明的功能肽是珍珠贝软体部木瓜蛋白酶促水解产物中的成分。使用超滤、反复色谱分离的方法从水解物中分离纯化获得这种肽类的高纯样品后,使用基质辅助飞行时间质谱方法(MALDI-TOF-MS)分析,鉴定其分子量为1058.610Da(M+H+),氨基酸序列为异亮氨酸-异亮氨酸-甲硫氨酸-亮氨酸-亮氨酸-脯氨酸-谷氨酰胺-赖氨酸-半胱氨酸(IIMLLPQKC)。在NCBI数据库的检索,未发现相同的序列,该结果表明这种功能肽是从珍珠贝软体部水解产生的新肽。
本发明的第二个目的是提供上述功能肽在制备ACE抑制剂中的应用。
一种AEC抑制剂,其特征在于,包括上述功能肽作为有效成分。
本发明的第三个目的是提供上述功能肽在制备具有AEC抑制能力的功能食品或功能饲料中的应用。
一种具有AEC抑制能力的功能食品或功能饲料,包括权利要求1所述的功能肽作为有效成分。
本发明从珍珠贝软体部木瓜蛋白酶促水解产物中分离得到具有血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)活性抑制活性的功能肽,其可以作为ACE抑制肽,应用于具有AEC抑制能力的功能食品或功能饲料中,具有广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是PEH-II-1-1ODS HPLC色谱图;
图2是目标功能肽(IIMLLPQKC)的结构和MALDI-TOF-TOF质谱分析结果。
具体实施方式
以下实施例是对本发明的进一步说明,而不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1血管紧张素转化酶抑制活性(ACEI)的测试
(1)试剂和仪器:
仪器:高效液相色谱仪Agilent1260(美国安捷伦)、恒温水浴锅等。
试剂:血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)、马尿酰-组氨酰-亮氨酸(HHL)、马尿酸均购自美国sigma公司、三氟乙酸(TFA)(广州试剂厂)、HEPES缓冲液、乙腈/色谱纯(德国默克公司)、氯化钠、超纯水。
HEPES缓冲液:称取HEPES(Sodium salt)1.3015g,NaCl 1.7532g,加水溶解至100mL,再用1mol/L HCl调节pH至8.3,即为50mmol/L HEPES缓冲液。
ACE溶液:将0.25U ACE溶于2mLHEPES缓冲液中(pH8.3,0.3mol/L NaCl),即得0.125U/mL的ACE溶液。
HHL溶液:称取0.0022g HHL溶于1mLHEPES缓冲液中(pH8.3,0.3mol/L NaCl),配成5mmol/L HHL溶液。
马尿酸标准液:称取0.1792g马尿酸标准品(马尿酸分子量为179.19),加双蒸水溶解,于1L容量瓶定容,即为浓度1mmol/L的马尿酸标准品。
样品液:称取0.1g待测样品,溶解于10mL HEPES缓冲液中,稀释到一系列相应的浓度,经微孔滤膜过滤后待用。
(2)实验方法
取HHL溶液50μL,加入20μL的样品溶液,在37℃保温5min后加入40μL ACE溶液,在37℃条件下反应30min后加入20μL 1mol/L HCl终止反应,冷却后用HPLC进样分析。同时用10μL HEPES缓冲液替代样品溶液,作为空白对照组。根据标样谱图确认马尿酸峰并积分峰面积(S)。
色谱条件:HPLC系统:Agilent 1260;色谱柱:ZORBAXSB-C18分析用色谱柱(150×4.6mm 5um);流速:1.0ml/min;紫外检测波长:228nm;进样量:10μL;柱温:25℃;流动相:乙腈∶水=25∶75[体积比,各含0.05%三氟乙酸(体积分数)。
样品ACE抑制率用公式(1)计算:
抑制率(I)=(S0-S)/S0×100% (1)
半数抑制量(IC50)由SPSS中的probit模型计算。
用上述方法检测珍珠贝软体部酶解物及其组分片段的活性,结果见表1。
表1珍珠贝软体部酶解物及其组分片段的ACEI活性
*样品名称对应珍珠酶解蛋白分离中产生的不同组分片段,具体来源见实施例2。
实施例2珍珠贝软体部ACEI活性酶解蛋白的制备
(1)原料和试剂
实施例中的珍珠贝(马氏珠母贝,Pinctada fucata martensii)软体部为新鲜原料,由广州市祺福珍珠加工有限公司提供。木瓜蛋白酶(酶活力为40万U/g)广西南宁庞博生物工程有限公司;试验用水均为超纯水。
(2)珍珠贝软体部的脱脂
将粉碎的珍珠贝软体部与异丙醇按照1:4(w/v)的比例混合,在35℃混合搅拌3小时,粗滤,在4500×g下离心20min,抛弃上清液,取离心管底层的脱脂珍珠贝软体部,晾干,-20℃下保存,得到脱脂后的软体部。
(3)珍珠贝软体部蛋白酶解物的制备
步骤2脱脂后的软体部进行酶解:将1000g脱脂后的软体部加水2000mL混合均匀,使用1mol/L乳酸调节至pH=6.0,室温搅拌2h后,加入木瓜蛋白酶(酶底比4000U/g),用0.1mol/L NaOH溶液调节pH至7.5,水浴恒温50℃,反应6小时。水解反应结束后,在4℃,4500×g下离心,除去不溶性杂质,将所得上清溶液冻干即得可溶性的珍珠软体部水解蛋白(PEH),-20℃下保存备用。采用实施例1的方法,测得IC50=2.8mg/mL。
实施例3珍珠贝软体部ACEI活性酶解蛋白中ACEI活性功能肽的分离和纯化
(1)取实施例2中所得PEH 5g,溶解于1L纯水,制成样品溶液,用截留分子量为3kDa的超滤膜切向过滤,截留部分和滤液分别冻干,得两个样品:PEH-I(分子量>3kDa),PEH-II(分子量<3kDa)。两部分ACEI活性见表1.
(2)取活性较强的PEH-II(1.2g),用离子交换柱(DEAE-52纤维素阳离子交换树脂购自)继续分离,产生了5个色谱片段(PEH-II-1至5),分别检测其ACEI值,活性数据请见表1。
所述离子交换柱进行分离,其分离条件为将5mL的PEH–II溶液加入预平衡的DEAE-52纤维素柱(Whatman公司,1.6×50cm),并依次用150mL的0.1,0.5和1.0M NaCl溶液洗脱,流速为2.0mL/min。按5mL/份收集洗脱流分(5mL),根据UV谱图(检测波长280nm),合并为5个片段(PEH-II-1至5),分别使用D101大孔树脂对每个片段脱盐,然后后冻干。
(3)取上一步骤中活性最强的PEH-II-1(200mg),用G15凝胶柱进行分离,获得4个色谱峰片段PEH-II-1-1到4,分别冻干后,检测其ACEI活性,结果见表1。
所述的G15凝胶柱分离,其分离条件为PEH-II-1样品溶解于5mL去离子水中,并通过预先用纯水平衡的Sephadex G-15凝胶过滤柱(凝胶固定相购自GE公司,2.6×100cm)纯化。用去离子水以1mL/min的流速洗脱柱,按每份2.5mL收集洗脱液,根据UV(280nm)检测的色谱图,将洗脱液合并为4个片段。
(4)取上一步骤制备的样品片段中活性最强的片段PEH-II-1-1(23mg),用HPLC(ODS柱)分离,收集16分钟处色谱峰流分(图1),冻干后得到目标功能肽(PEAP),检测其ACEI活性,结果见表1。
所述的HPLC分离,其分离条件为PEH-II-1-1样品溶于1mL0.1%三氟乙酸(TFA)水溶液中。色谱仪为(RP-HPLC)Agilent1200 HPLC型高效液相色谱仪,色谱柱为Zorbax,SB C-18柱(柱尺寸:4.6mm×250mm,5μm粒径,Agilent),检测波长280nm。溶剂系统:A,0.1%三氟乙酸水溶液,B,乙腈(默克公司,色谱纯)。流速:1.0mL/min;洗脱程序:0-5分钟,5%B;5-50min,5%B-95%B每次分离进样量50mL,收集保留时间16min处色谱峰片段(见图1,目标功能肽)。共分离40次,合并色谱峰片段后冻干得高纯活性肽PEAP13.2mg。
实施例4 ACEI活性肽PEAP的结构鉴定
使用基质辅助-飞行时间质谱方法(MALDI-TOF-MS),对活性肽PEAP结构进行鉴定。MALDI-TOF(Ultraflextreme)质谱仪采用正离子延迟提取反射模式,以获得最高的分辨率和质量精度。采用CHCA作为基质。测试时,取0.5uL PEAP样品溶液点于MALDI不锈钢靶板上,溶剂挥发后,再点上0.5uLCHCA溶液(0.5g/L,溶剂为0.1%三氟乙酸+50%乙腈水溶液),室温下自然挥干得到分析样品。利用氮激光器反射的337nm激光使样品离子化,在优化的参数下,以20kv电压加速离子。MS/MS实验的LIFT cell电压设定为19kv,以达到最终的29kv的加速电压(反射电压)。使用TIS(timed ion selector)选择前体离子。将激光强度调节至产生每个肽的分子离子的阈值之上后,照射1000次以采集MS/MS数据。
PEAP的质谱数据和碎片解析如图2所示。分子离子峰[M+1+]位于1058.610Da处。在Mascot的MS/MS数据库中检索碎片信息,未获得有意义的结果。进而使用RapiDeNovosoftware软件,以从头测序法(de novo sequencing)对碎片离子的分析,可确认该功能肽(PEAP)的氨基酸序列为:异亮氨酸-异亮氨酸-甲硫氨酸-亮氨酸-亮氨酸-脯氨酸-谷氨酰胺-赖氨酸-半胱氨酸(IIMLLPQKC,具体序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,Ile-Ile-Met-Leu-Leu-Pro-Gln-Lys-Cys)。经NCBI检索,未发现PEAP功能肽的同源的序列,该结果可以表明这种功能肽是从珍珠软体部获得的新结构肽。
序列表
<110> 中国科学院南海海洋研究所
<120> 一种血管紧张素转化酶抑制活性功能肽及其应用
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 1
Ile Ile Met Leu Leu Pro Gln Lys Cys
1 5
Claims (5)
1.一种功能肽,其特征在于,其氨基酸序列为异亮氨酸-异亮氨酸-甲硫氨酸-亮氨酸-亮氨酸-脯氨酸-谷氨酰胺-赖氨酸-半胱氨酸。
2.权利要求1所述的功能肽在制备血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂中的应用。
3.一种血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂,其特征在于,包括权利要求1所述的功能肽作为有效成分。
4.权利要求1所述的功能肽在制备具有血管紧张素转换酶抑制能力的功能食品或功能饲料中的应用。
5.一种具有血管紧张素转换酶抑制能力的功能食品或功能饲料,其特征在于,包括权利要求1所述的功能肽作为有效成分。
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