CN109641743A - System and method for increasing urea concentration of an aqueous solution on board a vehicle - Google Patents
System and method for increasing urea concentration of an aqueous solution on board a vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN109641743A CN109641743A CN201780053554.XA CN201780053554A CN109641743A CN 109641743 A CN109641743 A CN 109641743A CN 201780053554 A CN201780053554 A CN 201780053554A CN 109641743 A CN109641743 A CN 109641743A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C01B3/047—Decomposition of ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/08—Preparation of ammonia from nitrogenous organic substances
- C01C1/086—Preparation of ammonia from nitrogenous organic substances from urea
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/25—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an ammonia generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/01—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being catalytic material in liquid form
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/12—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being in solid form, e.g. pellets or powder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
- H01M8/222—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on compounds containing nitrogen, e.g. hydrazine, ammonia
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a vehicle system for increasing the urea concentration of an aqueous urea solution on board a vehicle. The vehicle system includes: -a tank (1) for storing an aqueous urea solution having a first urea weight percentage; a dissolving system (1000) comprising a dissolving flow region (3) with a bed of solid urea, the dissolving system being configured for generating a flow of aqueous urea solution flowing from the tank through the dissolving flow region; the dissolution flow zone being arranged to direct the flow of the aqueous urea solution out of the dissolution flow zone through the bed of solid urea; and a control device (2000), the control device (2000) being configured for controlling at least one parameter affecting the dissolution in the dissolution flow zone such that the aqueous urea solution leaving the dissolution flow zone has a second weight percentage of urea higher than the first weight percentage of urea.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for increasing the system and method for the urea concentration of urea liquid on vehicle.
Background technique
In the presence of for ammonia or ammonia presoma to be supplied to vehicle drain line to reduce the prior art systems of NOx emission.
It will be from vehicle motor using SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction, i.e. selective catalytic reduction) method
Conversion of nitrogen oxides Nitrogen Atom in pairs and water in discharge gas.SCR method allows by injecting reducing agent (usually ammonia)
Drain line carrys out nitrogen oxides reduction.The ammonia can be obtained by using different technologies.
A kind of known technology is based on using ammonia presoma, such as aqueous solution of urea.Such urea liquid is typically stored at
In the storage tank being installed on vehicle.Urea liquid is by injection drain line, by the pyrolysis decomposition (heat point of the urea liquid injected
Solution) generate gaseous ammonia.One problem of the known technology is that the urea concentration in solution is relatively low, and increases the concentration
The setting temperature for inevitably resulting in urea liquid again significantly increases.
Known SCR system will for exampleAmmonia presoma inject vehicle delivery pipe.It is with weight
Amount is than being aqueous solution of urea made of 32.5% high purity urea and 67.5% deionized water.The urea concentration is right due to its
The level should be confined in the eutectic solution that freezing point is -11 DEG C.Liquid is kept above this temperature, but every
Heating system is just needed when the temperature is lower.More compact storage and the higher urea concentration of saving weight will be allowed to exist at present
It is on vehicle and unused, this is because can start to solidify height a little temperature.
2 975 233 A1 of European patent application EP of the applicant being included herein by reference under one's name proposes a kind of ammonia
Presoma generates system, which can produce ammonia precursor concentration relative to existing skill while maintaining acceptable operation
The higher ammonia precursor solution of the solution of art, this application especially propose a kind of ammonia for increasing in ammonia precursor liquid
The ammonia presoma of precursor concentration enhances system.It includes: at least to store depositing for ammonia presoma pellet that the ammonia presoma, which generates system,
Store up compartment；Suitable for store ammonia precursor solution and be suitable for by dissolution of the ammonia presoma pellet dissolution in the ammonia precursor solution every
Room；Be configured as ammonia presoma pellet being transferred to the transfer device of the solution compartment from the storage compartment.By adding
Calais can increase the dense of the ammonia presoma in the ammonia precursor liquid in dissolution compartment from the pellet of storage compartment when needed
Degree.Pellet can be securely stored in without increasing the freezing point of ammonia precursor solution in storage compartment, only before needing ammonia
Drive body and dissolve the temperature in unit it is sufficiently high when just addition pellet.The advantages of such system be can on vehicle by
Ammonia precursor concentration need to be increased, this reduce required storage weight and volumes, while keeping the freezing point of low temperature.
Summary of the invention
One of the embodiment of the present invention is designed to provide a kind of for increasing the urea concentration of aqueous solution on vehicle
Vehicular system and method, can be used as the alternative solution of system described in 2 975 233 A1 of EP, and it is simple,
Steadily and surely and allow that urea concentration is well controllled.
According to the first aspect of the invention, it provides a kind of for increasing the vehicle of the urea concentration of aqueous solution on vehicle
System.The Vehicular system includes storage tank, dissolution system and control equipment.The storage tank, which is configurable for storage, has the first urea
The aqueous solution of weight percent.The dissolution system includes the dissolution flow region with solid urea bed.The dissolution system is matched
It is set to and passes through the stream of dissolution flow region for generating the aqueous solution from storage tank.The dissolution flow region is arranged for drawing
Water guide solution passes through solid urea bed outflow dissolution flow region.The control equipment is configurable for controlling at least one influence
The parameter of the dissolution in flow region is dissolved, so that the aqueous solution for leaving dissolution flow region, which has, is higher than the first weight of urea
Second weight of urea percentage of percentage.
There is the water-soluble liquid stream of the first weight of urea percentage (it can be zero, i.e. aqueous solution can be water) by conveying
The parameter (such as temperature) that the dissolution in solid urea bed is influenced by solid urea bed and by control, can be with simple and quasi-
True mode controls the urea concentration of aqueous solution obtained, i.e. the second weight of urea percentage.With 2 975 233 A1 of EP
(wherein adding pellet to dissolution compartment) is compared, and dissolution system of the invention passes through institute using fixed solid urea bed and generation
State the stream of solid urea bed.It can avoid the metering feeding device of pellet as a result,.Since the dissolution of solid urea in aqueous solution is
The endothermic reaction, the meeting consumption of calorie in dissolution flow region, to reduce the temperature of aqueous solution and increase urea concentration.It depends on
The temperature of aqueous solution in storage tank can carry out suitably controlling dense to obtain the expectation of the aqueous solution flowed out from dissolution flow region
Degree.
In context of the invention, term " with the first weight of urea percentage aqueous solution " should be understood may include
Or the aqueous solution not comprising urea.For example, the aqueous solution with the first weight of urea percentage can be water (without urea, and
Without urea decomposition product) or ammonia spirit.Aqueous solution with the first weight of urea percentage may include as carbon monoxide
(CO), other products such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) and micro metal and metal oxide.
In context of the invention, term " aqueous solution with the second weight of urea percentage " be should be understood comprising urine
The aqueous solution of element or the solution of the product comprising the partially or completely decomposition (hydrolysis) from urea, even if in the mistake of hydrolysis of urea
A part of these decomposition products is released in journey with gas.For example, obtained have the water-soluble of the second weight of urea percentage
Liquid can be ammonia spirit.Aqueous solution with the second weight of urea percentage may include as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide
(CO2) and other products and the micro metal and metal oxide such as methane (CH4).
In one exemplary embodiment, control equipment is configured as controlling one or more of following: dissolution flowing
The temperature of the water-soluble liquid stream of region upstream；Dissolve the temperature of the water-soluble liquid stream in flow region；Dissolve the water in flow region downstream
The temperature of solution stream；Dissolve the flow rate of the water-soluble liquid stream in flow region；The ruler for the solid urea bed that water-soluble liquid stream flows through
It is very little.It by controlling one or more of these parameters, can influence to dissolve, so as to control the aqueous solution of outflow storage tank
Urea concentration.
In one exemplary embodiment, control equipment includes temperature control equipment, which is configured as
For controlling dissolution flow region upstream and/or dissolving the temperature of the aqueous solution in flow region, so that leaving dissolution flowing
The aqueous solution in region has the second weight of urea percentage higher than the first weight of urea percentage.For example, when the water in storage tank
When solution is in excessively high temperature, the aqueous solution can be cooled down before allowing the aqueous solution to flow into dissolution flow region.Also, it can
The temperature of solid urea bed in control dissolution flow region.
In one exemplary embodiment, control equipment is configured as controlling at least one influence dissolution flow region
The parameter of dissolution so that when the first weight of urea percentage between 28 between 37wt% when, the second weight of urea percentage
Between 40 between 80wt%, be preferably ranges between 40 between 70wt%, more preferably between 50 between 60wt%, most preferably
Ground is between 54 between 56wt%.Particularly preferably, the first weight of urea percentage between 32 between 33wt%, such as
32.5wt%.In one exemplary embodiment, control equipment is configured as controlling at least one influence dissolution flow region
Dissolution parameter so that leave dissolution flow region aqueous solution temperature between 10 to 45 degrees Celsius, preferably
Between 15 to 40 degrees Celsius, more preferably between 20 to 34 degrees Celsius between.Preferably, control equipment is configured as controlling
At least one influence dissolution flow region in dissolution parameter so that leave dissolution flow region aqueous solution temperature and
Concentration corresponds in the solubility limit of temperature urea in water.It obtains as a result, and is dissolved completely in water in certain temperature urea
In maximum concentration.
In one exemplary embodiment, control equipment includes the temperature for the aqueous solution being configurable in control storage tank
Temperature control equipment.The controllable equipment for being configurable for heating and/or cooling as needed of the temperature control equipment.Control
Control equipment can be for example including any of following: being configurable for controlling the aqueous solution for flowing to dissolution flow region from storage tank
Temperature temperature control equipment；It is configurable for the temperature control of the temperature in the solid urea bed of control dissolution flow region
Device processed.
In one exemplary embodiment, dissolution flow region has the top end for receiving the aqueous solution from storage tank
Portion and aqueous solution flow out here dissolution flow region bottom end so that aqueous solution can by means of via gravity flow through
Dissolve flow region.Dissolution flow region for example substantially perpendicularly can flow to bottom from top ends wherein by aqueous solution
The vertical column or replaceable cartridge of portion end is realized.
In one exemplary embodiment, dissolution system includes the heat exchanger for dissolving by heating flow region, described
Heat exchanger is connected to for receiving the aqueous solution before the aqueous solution from storage tank enters dissolution flow region.As a result,
Since dissolution reaction is heat absorption, the aqueous solution from storage tank can be before it be sent in dissolution flow region to increase concentration
It is cooled.
In one exemplary embodiment, dissolution system includes being configurable for cooling flow to from storage tank to dissolve flowing
The heat exchanger of the aqueous solution in region, the heat exchanger are connected to the aqueous solution for receiving outflow dissolution flow region.
Being reacted as a result, due to dissolution is absorbed heat with the aqueous solution of therefore outflow dissolution flow region with lower than the solution in storage tank
Temperature, the aqueous solution from storage tank can its be sent in dissolution flow region with before increasing concentration by such heat exchanger
It is cooling.
In one exemplary embodiment, dissolution system includes the heat exchanger for hot-cold lysis flow region, described
Heat exchanger is connected to for receiving the aqueous solution from dissolution flow region.As a result, due to outflow dissolution flow region
Aqueous solution has the temperature lower than the flowing water solution in dissolution flow region, and dissolution flow region can be by such heat exchange
Device is cooling.
In one exemplary embodiment, dissolution flow region includes primary heater and the of primary heater downstream
Two heaters, wherein control equipment is configurable for controlling the primary heater, so that the first of dissolution flow region
Partial temperature is in the first temperature range, and makes the second part in the first part downstream for dissolving flow region
Temperature be in lower than first temperature range second temperature within the scope of.First temperature range can be arranged to keep urea molten
Concentration in solution and increase urea liquid, such as between 30 DEG C to 40 DEG C, and second temperature range can be arranged to make to urinate
Plain solution saturation, such as be 27 DEG C when the expectation concentration for flowing through the urea liquid after this layer is 55wt%.
In one exemplary embodiment, dissolution system includes being connected to for receiving the water from dissolution flow region
The controlled temperature urea buffer of solution.Such controlled temperature buffer will allow to adjust and fine-tune from dissolution flowing
The weight percent and/or temperature of the aqueous solution in region.Controlled temperature urea buffer can have for receiving from dissolution stream
Move the entrance of the aqueous solution in region and for being connected to syringe and being connected to the dissolution loop comprising dissolution flow region
Outlet.Controlled temperature urea buffer can be configured to the urea liquid increased for generating and/or stabilizing concentration, and can
It is controlled by control equipment.
In one exemplary embodiment, Vehicular system further includes that the controlled temperature urea that is located at controlled by control equipment delays
Rush the heat exchanger between the outlet of device and the entrance of dissolution flow region.In one exemplary embodiment, controlled temperature is urinated
Plain buffer and the heat exchanger can be comprised in the module being mounted in storage tank.
In one exemplary embodiment, dissolution system includes being configurable for controlled flow rate (such as constant
Flow rate or the flow rate in preset range) by from storage tank aqueous solution pumping by dissolution flow region pump.Flow rate
It can also be controlled by control equipment to influence to leave to dissolve the temperature and/or the second weight of urea percentage of the aqueous solution of flow region
Than.Optionally, pump can be comprised in the module including heat exchanger described in controlled temperature urea buffer and previous paragragh
In.Moreover, may include having one or more valves controlled by control equipment in the module, to adjust to dissolution flow region
Stream.
Outflow dissolution flow region has the ammonia solution of increase or " enhancing (boosted) " concentration ready, at any time may be used
The system for being sent to downstream storage tank, delivery pipe or any other storage or consumption aqueous solution.
A kind of SCR system is provided according to another aspect, which includes real according to any of above-described embodiment
Apply the Vehicular system of example.The SCR system, which preferably includes, to be configured and disposed to for that will have the second weight of urea percentage
Aqueous solution injection delivery pipe syringe.
According to another aspect, a kind of fuel cell system is provided, which includes according to above-described embodiment
Any of embodiment Vehicular system.Such system may include individual decomposition compartment and be configurable for ammonia forerunner
Liquid solution from dissolution compartment be transferred to decompose compartment transfer device, the decomposition compartment equipped be configured as decompose compartment in
Aqueous solution is converted to the decomposition catalyst equipment of ammonia solution.The decomposition catalyst equipment may include the enzyme for being configured as storage enzyme
Storage unit is configurable for for enzyme being transferred to the enzyme transfer device and heater for decomposing compartment, wherein the enzyme is suitable for inciting somebody to action
Aqueous solution is converted into ammonia.In an exemplary embodiment with decomposition catalyst equipment, which may also include for depositing
Store up the cushion compartments of ammonia solution.Cushion compartments can be integrated in module identical with dissolution region is flowed.The system may also include
For converting ammonia into the conversion unit of hydrogen.Ammonia-hydrogen conversion unit can be connected to later with hydrogen fuel cell, and hydrogen is in hydrogen fuel electricity
Chi Chu is converted into power supply.Ammonia solution can also use in direct ammonia fuel cell.
Dissolution flow region can be disposed in storage tank or outside storage tank.In a preferred embodiment, a part of dissolution system
(such as pump and heater) can be disposed in storage tank, and the dissolution stream with solid urea bed (such as in the form of replaceable cartridge)
Dynamic region can be disposed in outside storage tank.Storage tank can store ammonia precursor solution, such as urea content is the eutectic water of 32.5wt%
Solution.
A kind of method according to any bar in following entry is provided according to another aspect:
1. a kind of for increasing the method for the urea concentration of aqueous solution on vehicle, which comprises
Store the aqueous solution with the first weight of urea percentage；
Generating, there is the aqueous solution of the first weight of urea percentage to pass through the stream of the solid urea bed in dissolution flow region；
Controlling at least one influences the parameter of the dissolution in solid urea bed, so that leaving the water-soluble of dissolution flow region
Liquid has the second weight of urea percentage higher than the first weight of urea percentage.
2. the method as described in entry 1, wherein the control is one or more of following including controlling: dissolution flowing
The temperature of the water-soluble liquid stream of region upstream；Dissolve the temperature of the water-soluble liquid stream in flow region；Dissolve the water in flow region downstream
The temperature of solution stream；Dissolve the flow rate of the water-soluble liquid stream in flow region；The ruler for the solid urea bed that water-soluble liquid stream flows through
It is very little.
3. the method as described in entry 1 or 2, wherein the control includes control dissolution flow region upstream and/or dissolution
The temperature of aqueous solution in flow region, so that the aqueous solution for leaving dissolution flow region, which has, is higher than the first weight of urea hundred
Divide the second weight of urea percentage of ratio.
4. the method as described in any previous entries, wherein influence the dissolution in dissolution flow region at least one
The control of parameter so that: when the first weight of urea percentage between 28 between 37wt% when, the second weight of urea percentage
Than between 40 between 80wt%, be preferably ranges between 40 between 70wt%, more preferably between 50 between 60wt%, it is optimal
Selection of land is between 54 between 56wt%.
5. the method as described in any previous entries, wherein influence the dissolution in dissolution flow region at least one
The control of parameter so that leave the temperature (T3) of the aqueous solution of dissolution flow region between 10 to 45 degrees Celsius, preferably
Ground between 15 to 40 degrees Celsius, more preferably between 20 to 34 degrees Celsius between.
6. the method as described in any previous entries, wherein influence the dissolution in dissolution flow region at least one
The control of parameter is so that leave the temperature of the aqueous solution of dissolution flow region and concentration corresponds in the temperature urea in water
In solubility limit.
7. the method as described in any previous entries, wherein the control has the first urea including what control was stored
The temperature of the aqueous solution of weight percent.
8. the method as described in any previous entries, wherein the control includes any of following: being controlled from storage tank
Flow to the temperature of the aqueous solution of dissolution flow region；Temperature in the solid urea bed of control dissolution flow region.
9. the method as described in any previous entries, wherein aqueous solution is by means of via gravity flow through dissolution flow region.
10. the method as described in any previous entries, wherein use and be connected to for entering in the aqueous solution from storage tank
The heat exchanger of the aqueous solution is received before dissolution flow region to dissolve by heating flow region.
11. the method as described in any previous entries, wherein use and be connected to for receiving outflow dissolution flow region
The heat exchanger of aqueous solution flow to the aqueous solution of dissolution flow region to cool down from storage tank.
12. the method as described in any previous entries, wherein use and be connected to for receiving from dissolution flow region
The heat exchanger of aqueous solution carrys out hot-cold lysis flow region.
13. the method as described in any previous entries, wherein the control includes first of control dissolution flow region
The temperature divided is in the first temperature range, and controls the second part positioned at the first part downstream of dissolution flow region
Temperature be in lower than first temperature range second temperature within the scope of.
14. the method as described in any previous entries, wherein the aqueous solution with the second weight of urea percentage is stored
In controlled temperature urea buffer.
15. the method as described in any previous entries, wherein aqueous solution pumping is passed through dissolution flow region with controlled flow rate
Domain.
16. the method as described in any previous entries, wherein this method, which is included in controlled temperature urea buffer, to be received
Aqueous solution from dissolution flow region, which has includes for being connected to syringe and being connected to
Dissolve the outlet of the dissolution loop of flow region.
17. the method as described in any previous entries, this method further includes that control is flowed to from controlled temperature urea buffer
Dissolve the temperature of the aqueous solution of flow region.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to show the currently preferred unrestricted exemplary embodiment of equipment of the invention.It is detailed by hereafter
Describe in detail bright, when reading in conjunction with the drawings, the above and other advantages of feature of the invention and theme will become obvious, and
It is best understood from the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 schematically shows an exemplary embodiment of Vehicular system；
Fig. 2A, 2B and 2C show three modifications of the Vehicular system with heat exchanger；
Fig. 3 schematically shows the another exemplary embodiment of the Vehicular system with heat exchanger；
Fig. 4 schematically shows tool, and there are two an exemplary embodiments of the Vehicular system of dissolution flow region；
Fig. 5 schematically shows tool, and there are two the another exemplary embodiments of the Vehicular system of dissolution flow region；
Fig. 6 schematically show with the Vehicular system of different fluid transfer equipment controlled by control equipment one shows
Example property embodiment；
Fig. 7 A and 7B schematically show an exemplary embodiment in dissolution region；
Fig. 8 A schematically shows an exemplary embodiment of SCR system；
Fig. 8 B is shown schematically for an exemplary embodiment of controlled temperature buffer used in SCR system；
Fig. 9 schematically shows the another exemplary embodiment of Vehicular system；And
Figure 10 shows water-urea binary phase diagraml.
Specific embodiment
Figure 10 shows water-urea binary phase diagraml, the figure depict the related concentrations of urea and water in binary mixture with
The correspondence situation of temperature.Four different regions, i.e. region I to IV can be observed.In the I of region, urea is dissolved completely in water
In, to provide colourless urea liquid.The case where region III is for saturation urea liquid, i.e., urea liquid and solid urea are total
It deposits.Region I and region III is separated by curve 1.The line for being denoted as curve 1 determines solubility limit.On curve 1, each temperature
Value is all with the only one weight of urea of (being higher than eutectic concentration for concentration) urea liquid than associated, the weight of urea ratio
Corresponding to the solubility limit of urea at such a temperature in water.For example, according to curve 1, weight of urea than for 0.55 urea it is molten
Liquid is associated with 27 DEG C of temperature.
The dissolution of urea in water is carried out by the endothermic reaction, it means that water supply addition urea can cause obtained molten
The temperature of liquid declines.It has been observed that desired urea concentration is resolved by one group of temperature condition.The metering
The solution that solution of the journey particularly suitable for preparing urea concentration increase, i.e. urea concentration are higher than 32.5wt%.
Fig. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the system for generating urea liquid.The system includes storage tank 1, dissolution
System 1000 and control equipment 2000.Dissolution system 1000 include syringe 2 and by equipped with solid urea column in the form of it is molten
Solve flow region 3.There are the available urea liquids that a certain amount of temperature is T1 in storage tank 1, such asFluid (water
Middle urea content is 32.5wt%).It dissolves flow region 3 and solid urea is housed.The solid urea dissolved in flow region 3 can be with
It is the forms such as particle, sheet, pellet or powder.Compression urea block can also be used.T2 is the solid urea dissolved in flow region 3
Bed no urea liquid by when temperature.Urea liquid from storage tank 1 is evenly dispersed in dissolution flow region 3
At top ends.This for example can be by with nozzle spray or by making liquid fall on the dissolution flow region 3 positioned at solid urea
Top grid or any porous media on realize.T3 is the temperature for dissolving the solution at the bottom end 5 of flow region 3
Degree.Dissolution flow region 3 can have the diameter of section of such as 24mm.Dissolution flow region 3, which is equipped with, fixes urea, such as 100g
Solid urea.Urea liquid is by with certain flow rate (such as 100ml/ hoursFlow rate) conveying by dissolution stream
Dynamic region 3.The flow rate can be for example the flow rate of constant.The temperature of the fluid of (upstream for dissolving flow region 3) in storage tank 1
The temperature of degree and/or the solid urea in dissolution flow region 3 can be controlled with temperature control equipment.In shown implementation
In example, the fluid in storage tank 1 is heated with the temperature control equipment that form is heater 6a, dissolves the solid in flow region 3
Urea is heated with the temperature control equipment that form is heater 6b.Control equipment 2000 is configured as control heater 6a and 6b
So that in storage tank 1The solid urea that fluid is in temperature T1 and dissolves in flow region 3 is in temperature T2,
Wherein temperature T1 depends on desired urea liquid weight percent.As a result, in the bottom end 5 of dissolution flow region 3
Place obtains the urea liquid with the weight of urea percentage increased in temperature T3.
For example, can be heated at T1=50 DEG C of temperature to obtain the urea liquid of 55wt%Fluid, and can
Solid urea bed is maintained T2=27 DEG C of temperature, to obtain 27 DEG C of target at the bottom end of dissolution flow region 3
Temperature T3.
According to another example, the target temperature T3 (27 DEG C) dissolved at the bottom end of flow region 3 can be in storage tank 1The temperature T1 of the fluid and temperature T2 in band of column border is identical and obtains when being equal to 37 DEG C.
According to another example, the target temperature T3 (27 DEG C) dissolved at the bottom end of flow region 3 can be in storage tank 1Acquisition when the temperature T1 of fluid is 27 DEG C and the temperature T2 in band of column border is 30 DEG C.In other words, T2 can also be higher than
T1。
It is noted that T2 is the Solid Bed temperature achieved before transport urea solution is by Solid Bed.Obviously, one
Denier urea liquid flows through Solid Bed, the temperature in Solid Bed can gradually from T1 ' (herein if it is assumed that storage tank 1 with it is molten
Solve and be then equal to T1 without loss heat between the top ends of flow region 3) change to T3.
The urea liquid that the concentration with the concentration increased in temperature T3 increases can be transported to downstream buffer, row
Put the system (not shown) of pipe or any additional urea liquid increased for storage or consumption concentration.Outlet 5 can be connected
The conversion unit of ammonia solution is converted to the urea liquid for example for increasing concentration, ammonia obtained can be then transported to
Ammonia-hydrogen conversion unit, the ammonia-hydrogen conversion unit are then connected to hydrogen fuel cell, and hydrogen is converted to electricity at hydrogen fuel cell
Source.Ammonia solution can also use in direct ammonia fuel cell.
Fig. 2A shows an exemplary embodiment, wherein is referred to appended drawing reference identical with the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 1
Show the same or similar component.Be likely to occur following situations: the temperature T1 of the urea liquid in storage tank 1 is excessively high and cannot dissolve
Desired temperature T3 is obtained at the bottom end of flow region 3, which corresponds to the bottom of dissolution flow region 3
The target urea concentration of end, such as T3=27 DEG C for the urea liquid of 55wt%.In this case, it leaves
The urea liquid for dissolving the concentration increase of the bottom end of flow region 3 is used as heat-exchange fluid, is placed in cooling
The urea liquid in the heat exchanger 4 in route 20 between storage tank 1 and syringe 2.Heat exchanger 4 passes through dissolution flow region
Route 31 between 3 bottom end and heat exchanger 4 receives the urea liquid that the concentration in temperature T3 increases.Urea concentration
The solution increased leaves heat exchanger 4 by another route 32, to obtain at outlet 5 ' in the temperature T3's ' higher than T3
The solution that urea concentration increases.However, will will affect in dissolution flow region 3 from the effect that the temperature that T1 drops to T1 ' reduces
Dissolution, this then influence dissolve flow region 3 bottom end at concentration.
As in the embodiment in figure 1, settable heater 6a and/or 6b (being not shown in fig. 2) control equipment
2000 can be configured to control heater 6a and/or 6b with control dissolution flow region upstream water-soluble liquid stream temperature and/or
Dissolve the temperature of the water-soluble liquid stream in flow region.Additionally or alternatively, the controllable dissolution flow region of control equipment 2000
In water-soluble liquid stream flow rate and/or the size of solid urea bed that flows through of water-soluble liquid stream, such as length l.Control length l
It can be for example by the way that there is exit opening at the different height of dissolution flow region and opened or closed according to such as T1 described
Outlet is to realize.
Fig. 2 B shows a modification of the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 2A, wherein being indicated with identical appended drawing reference identical
Similar component.In this embodiment, it is molten with the cooling urea for leaving storage tank 1 to be used as heat exchanger 4 for dissolution flow region 3
Liquid.The urea liquid for leaving storage tank 1 is used as the heat-exchange fluid assigned into the heat exchanger 4 in dissolution flow region 3.Heat
Exchanger 4 receives the urea liquid for being in temperature T1 by the route 21 between storage tank 1 and heat exchanger 4.Cooling urea is molten
Liquid leaves heat exchanger 4 by another route 22 between heat exchanger 4 and syringe 2.The urea liquid injected as a result,
There will be the temperature T1 ' lower than T1.As in the embodiment of Fig. 2A or Fig. 1, control equipment 2000 it is controllable one or
Multiple parameters for influencing dissolution.
Fig. 2 C shows a modification of the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 2A, wherein indicating identical or phase with identical appended drawing reference
As component.In this embodiment, it dissolves flow region 3 and is used for heat exchange from the solution that dissolution flow region 3 comes out
The fluid come is flowed over from storage tank 1 with cooling.Leave the solution that the urea concentration of the bottom end of dissolution flow region 3 increases
It is used as heat-exchange fluid, with the cooling route assigned between another heat exchanger 4b in storage tank 1 and dissolution flow region 3
The urea liquid in heat exchanger 4a in 21.The bottom end and heat exchanger that heat exchanger 4a passes through dissolution flow region 3
Route 31 between 4a receives the solution that the urea concentration in temperature T3 increases.The solution that urea concentration increases passes through another
One route 32 leave heat exchanger 4a with outlet 5 ' at obtain in higher than T3 temperature T3 ' urea concentration increase it is molten
Liquid.By heat exchanger 4a in temperature T1 " be used as through cooling urea liquid assign into dissolution flow region 3
In heat exchanger 4b in heat-exchange fluid.Heat exchanger 4b receives the urea liquid for being in temperature T1 " by route 21.Quilt
Further cooling urea liquid leaves heat exchanger 4b by another route 22 between heat exchanger 4b and syringe 2.By
This, the urea liquid injected can have such temperature: T1 ' < T1 " < T1.As in the embodiment of Fig. 2A or Fig. 1, control
The controllable one or more parameters for influencing dissolution of equipment 2000.
Fig. 3 shows another exemplary embodiment, wherein indicating the same or similar component with identical appended drawing reference.At this
In embodiment, solid urea bed is cooled to obtain correct urea concentration at the bottom end of dissolution flow region 3.
As in the exemplary embodiment of Fig. 2A to 2C, if the temperature T1 or temperature T2 of the urea liquid in storage tank 1 (are defined
For it is no supply urea liquid when dissolution flow region 3 in solid urea bed temperature) it is excessively high and cannot dissolution flow
If reaching target temperature T3 at the bottom in region 3, it can be urinated by heat exchanger 4 come the solid in hot-cold lysis flow region 3
Plain bed, the solution which is increased using the concentration that can be obtained at the bottom 5 of dissolution flow region 3.(heat is handed over as a result,
4 downstream of parallel operation) outlet 5 ' place temperature T3 ' by than dissolve flow region 3 bottom at temperature T3 high, and due to solid
Lower temperature in urea bed, the urea concentration dissolved at the bottom of flow region 3 will be than there is no the realities of heat exchanger 4
It applies in example and wants low.As in the embodiment of Fig. 2A or Fig. 1, the controllable one or more influence dissolutions of control equipment 2000
Parameter.
Fig. 4 shows another exemplary embodiment, wherein indicating the same or similar component with identical appended drawing reference.At this
In example, dissolution system 1000 includes upstream column 7 and down stream dissolution flow region 3, and the upstream column 7 is for cooling equipped with from storage
The buffering storage tank 16 of the aqueous solution of case 1, the down stream dissolution flow region 3 are received from the molten through cooling urea of buffering storage tank 16
Liquid.Leave column 7 concentration increase aqueous solution be collected in storage tank 8, and can with from buffering storage tank 16 through cooling
Urea mixing.Temperature control equipment 6b is set to control the temperature in the solid urea bed in dissolution flow region 3.As Fig. 2A or
In the embodiment of Fig. 1 like that, the controllable influence one or more of control equipment 2000 influences the dissolution in dissolution flow region 3
Parameter.
When the temperature T1 of the urea liquid in the storage tank 1 and temperature T2 of solid urea bed excessively high (such as 65 DEG C) cannot be obtained
When obtaining target urea concentration, buffering storage tank 16 can be used.Buffer storage tank 16 can route 21 between storage tank 1 and syringe 2,
In 22.Column 7 is equipped with solid urea, and is also connected to storage tank 1.Urea liquid stream is by column 7, and due to urea dissolution, temperature drops
Low, i.e. T1 " at the outlet 7a of column 7 is lower than T1.At the outlet 7a of column 7, urea concentration is increased using heat exchanger 4a
Content of the solution for cooling buffering storage tank 16.The solution that the urea concentration in the exit of heat exchanger 4 increases is stored in
In storage tank 8.In the exit of buffering storage tank 16, at this moment the temperature T1 ' of urea liquid is suitble to be sprayed on solid urea bed to go out
Reach target temperature at mouth 5, to obtain the solution with desired urea concentration.
The solution that urea concentration from storage tank 8 increases may be alternatively used for the solution that production has desired urea concentration.
According to this embodiment, there are such temperature T4 in storage tank 8: for temperature T4, can be supplied to the content of storage tank 8 molten
Solve flow region 3 so that the temperature T3 at dissolution 3 bottom of flow region be relevant to desired saturation factor temperature (such as
For the urea liquid of 55wt%, T3=27 DEG C).A part of the urea in solution in storage tank 8 can be in urea bed 3 again
Crystallization.
In the fig. 4 embodiment, the solution from storage tank 8 or the solution from buffering storage tank 16 can be used to supply urine
Plain bed.Mixing storage tank 8 and buffering the solution of storage tank 16 is also a kind of feasibility.Settable one or more of the other equipment example thus
Such as one or more flowmeter (not shown) to control stream and/or the settable more complicated control system from storage tank 16 and 8
System.
Fig. 5 is shown similar to the another exemplary embodiment of the embodiment of Fig. 4, wherein indicating phase with identical appended drawing reference
Same or similar component.One the difference is that, route 22 between the outlet of buffer 16 and the entrance of syringe 2,
Heat exchanger 10 is increased in 23, the solution that it uses the urea concentration of the outlet from solid urea bed 3 to increase is passed as heat
Fluid is passed, to be sprayed on solid urea bed 3 by the urea liquid for being in temperature T1 " ' in buffer 16 with temperature T1 ' < T1 " '
The cooling buffer 16 that takes a step forward in be in the urea liquid of temperature T1 " '.
Fig. 6 shows another exemplary embodiment, wherein indicating the same or similar component with identical appended drawing reference.This is
System includes the storage tank 1 that urea-containing solution is housed, the dissolution flow region 3 that form is the container equipped with solid urea, around molten
Solve the heat exchanger 4 and three-way valve 2,10 and 11 of flow region 3.The outlet of heat exchanger 4 be connected to as valve 2 with
Dissolve the route 22 of the fluid communication between flow region 3.Storage tank 1 is connected to valve 10 by route 33.
It is logical in no urea liquid depending on the solid urea in the temperature T1 and dissolution flow region 3 of fluid in storage tank 1
Temperature T2 when urea bed is crossed, three operating modes may be present:
1. the urea liquid that the temperature in storage tank 1 is T=T1 can compensate for the heat for dissolving the dissolution in flow region 3
Amount, so that the temperature T3 for the solution that the urea concentration in the exit of dissolution flow region 3 increases is corresponding to desired molten
The temperature of the saturation limit of liquid.Urea liquid in storage tank 1 moves directly to dissolution flow region 3.In dissolution flow region 3
Do not occur between the solution and initial soln that urea concentration increases at bottom end further mixes.In the operating mode
In, valve 2,11 and 10 is placed so that stream reaches outlet 5 ', and T1=T1 ' by route 21,22,31 and 32.
2. the temperature T1 of the urea liquid in storage tank 1 is excessively high, so that the heat for dissolving the dissolution in flow region 3 is not
It is enough cooling solution, so that target temperature T3 cannot be obtained in the exit of dissolution flow region 3.However, the heat for dissolution
Amount is enough that urea liquid is cooled to temperature T1 ' < T1 from temperature T1 by heat exchanger 4.T1 ' is to dissolve entering for flow region 3
The fluid temperature (F.T.) at mouthful place, it be suitable for dissolution flow region 3 the desired target temperature T3 of exit acquisition (with it is desired molten
The saturation limit of liquid is related).In the operating mode, the first volume V1 of fluid is directly flowed from storage tank 1 by route 21,22
To dissolution flow region 3, cooling effect is provided due to the heat that dissolves for urea at dissolution flow region 3.Work as stream
When body stream front end reaches the outlet of dissolution flow region 3, the fluid from storage tank 1 is directed to heat exchanger 4 via route 23,
So that fluid is adjusted to T1 ' (< T1) in the inlet of dissolution flow region 3, and pushes and be already present on liquid bulk therein
Product V1.Liquid volume V1 can be recycled in dissolution flow region 3 via valve 11 and route 24,23.It is molten due to being dissolved in
Continue in solution flow region 3, the solution that urea concentration increases further is passed through route 31,32 and is discharged to outlet 5 '.
3. enter dissolution flow region 3 urea liquid temperature T1 ' it is excessively high and cannot be in the running as exemplified by the 2nd point
Target temperature T3 is obtained in the exit of dissolution flow region 3 in mode.In this case, going out due to dissolution flow region 3
The concentration for the solution that urea concentration at mouthful increases is higher than desired concentration, can pass through route with the fluid from storage tank 1
33 and mixing valve 10 dilute the stream.
In this embodiment, control equipment 2000 is configured as according to above-mentioned scheme control valve 2,10,11.As in Fig. 1
Embodiment in like that, the heater (being not shown in Fig. 6) similar to heater 6a and/or 6b in Fig. 1 can be additionally set,
Control equipment 2000 can be configured to control the temperature of water-soluble liquid stream of these heaters to control dissolution 3 upstream of flow region
And/or the temperature of the water-soluble liquid stream in dissolution flow region 3.
Fig. 7 A is the diagram of another exemplary embodiment, wherein storage tank 1 is equipped with urea liquid, and the urea liquid is by from storage
The bottom of case 1 is via 2 transmission & distribution of injection track into the solid urea bed SU in dissolution flow region 3.Urea bed SU can be at top
On be covered with fluid distribution materials so that the entire top surface of urea bed is in contact with urea liquid.Dissolution flow region 3 has
Two are heated region: being used to dissolve urea and increase the first of urea concentration to be heated area in upstream portion
Domain 36, and it is used to make the second of urea liquid saturation to be heated region 37 in downstream part.For example, in storage tank 1
Urea liquid passes through first on the solid urea that track 35 is injected into dissolution flow region 3.In order to dissolve purpose, dissolution stream
First in dynamic region 3 is heated region 36 is heated at 35 DEG C.The solution that urea concentration increases further flow (such as
Under gravity) to for saturation second it is heated region 37.This means that the second temperature for being heated region 37 corresponds to
The saturation temperature of urea liquid with desired concentration.For example, when urea liquid flows through second layer institute's phase after
When the urea concentration of prestige is 55wt%, which is heated at 27 DEG C.
Fig. 7 B shows a kind of another schematic diagram of feasible form of implementation of the embodiment of Fig. 7 A.In this embodiment, it injects
The form of device 2 is a plurality of track with nozzle 25, so that the entire top surface of solid urea bed can be sprayed onto.At one
In feasible modification, nozzle can be controlled to open or close, and the quantity of the nozzle of opening can be controlled to variation and pass through solid
The flow rate of urea bed.It can be by arranging that the gauze for forming electric heater is heated to provide first and second in solid urea bed
Region 36,37.
Fig. 8 A shows another exemplary embodiment, wherein indicating the same or similar component with identical appended drawing reference.Figure
The system of 8A is for generating and injecting the solution that urea concentration increases.In fig. 8 a, storage tank 1 includes diesel emission processing stream
Body (DEF), for example, urea liquid of 32.5wt%Urea liquid is drawn in the pump 103 of suction point 102, and
Urea concentration is introduced into increase in control module 104.Flow of urea (or part of it) heats up in heater 6, and further
It is transported to the dissolution flow region 3 that form is the box equipped with solid urea SU.Inside dissolution flow region 3, initial soln
Urea concentration due to solid urea dissolution and increase.Dissolving flow region 3 can be equipped with fluid distribution materials 108 to promote liquid
Body/solid contact.It is molten using flowing through when environment temperature is higher than temperature corresponding with the saturation limit of desired solution
The heat exchanger 109 for solving the heat of the aqueous solution of flow region 3 can limit urea concentration.In this case, heater 6 is closed.
Before dissolution flow region 3 can be further equipped with mobile diffuser plate 110 to keep urea liquid and solid urea during course of dissolution
End in contact.The position of mobile diffuser plate 110 is used as a kind of side for measuring the solid urea content in dissolution flow region 3
Formula.Mobile diffuser plate 110 can be moved by means of guidance system, which can use spring completion.Flexible pipe 118a, 118b
The top and bottom of diffuser plate 110 are connected respectively to form the entrance and exit of dissolution flow region 3.
The solution that urea concentration increases can be collected with liquid collection material 111, and be passed through route 118b and multiterminal
Mouth valve 122 is transmitted to the entrance of pump 103.The solution and be stored in storage tank 1 that the valve 122 allows mixing urea concentration to increase
In fluid.By the flow rate for adjusting two kinds of solution (i.e. the solution that increases of urea concentration and urea liquid from storage tank 1)
To control the dilution of the solution increased to urea concentration.The urea content of solution is further in controlled temperature buffer 112
It is stabilized.In the exit of buffer 112, urea liquid has reached desired concentration, and passes through route 115 and injection
Device 116 is by the delivery pipe 113 of 114 upstream of injection SCR catalyst.Check-valves 117 can be used the required pressure of injection is arranged.
By the rotation of reversion pump 103, syringe 116 and route 115 can be emptied, and is controlled comprising urea concentration increase
The loop of molding block 104 and dissolution flow region 3.Syringe 116 empties the generation when the component is maintained at open position.
Gas from delivery pipe is drawn via syringe 116, is present in the liquid in route 115 and buffer 112 by by going out
Mouth 102 is discharged in storage tank 1.Increase control module 104 and dissolution flow region 3 to empty concentration, syringe 116, which is in, closes
Position.Air is aspirated from the vapor dome (vapour dome) of storage tank 1 by check-valves 120.Multi-port valve 122 is in true
Protect on the position of the fluid communication between air inlet route 123 and route 118b, the check-valves 119 of bypass line 121 due to
Drop of pressure and open.As air is further aspirated, dissolves flow region 3 and concentration increases control module 104 and is emptied.
Since multi-port valve 122 allows the fluid communication between the outlet and suction point 102 of pump 103, liquid is returned in storage tank 1.
Control equipment 2000 can be configured to control heater 6 and/or heat exchanger 109 to control on dissolution flow region
The temperature of the water-soluble liquid stream of trip and/or the temperature of the water-soluble liquid stream in dissolution flow region 3.In addition to temperature control, pass through control
The mixing for the solution that the urea liquid of storage tank 1 processed is increased with the urea concentration from dissolution loop, can be used multi-port valve
122 further adjust required concentration to a certain extent.However, main control preferably passes through control controlled temperature urine
Temperature in plain buffer 112 realizes that this can also be realized by control equipment 2000.
Fig. 8 B shows an exemplary embodiment of controlled temperature urea buffer 112, the controlled temperature urea buffer
112 use in one embodiment (such as embodiment of Fig. 8 A) of the system for generating the solution that urea concentration increases.
The entrance 12a of buffer 112 is intended to pump, such as pump 103 as shown in Figure 8 A.At the outlet 12b of buffer 112
Stream can further be split into the stream for flowing to syringe 116 and flow to the stream of dissolution loop by check-valves 117 as shown in Figure 8 A.
Buffer 112 is divided into two regions 12c and 12d, and each region is equipped with open cell foam material (open cell foam
Material) 12e and 12f and heat exchanger 12g and 12h.Fluid distribution materials 12i and 12j cover the top of foam segment,
To obtain the suitable liquid distribution of optimized stream for passing through foam for fluid.Temperature sensor 12k and 12l are located at each bubble
The inlet of foam part, 3rd sensor 12m measure the temperature in the exit of bottom foam.The effect of buffer 112 is most
The urea liquid that temperature is the temperature T3 corresponding to desired urea concentration is obtained eventually.
Control equipment 2000 is implemented using the temperature measured by sensor 12k, 12l, 12m to heat exchanger 12g, 12f
Control.If being higher than the temperature T3 of the target for sensor 12m by the urea solution temperature that sensor 12k is measured,
Cooling foam segment 12e.This can cause solid urea to be accumulated in foam hole.Heating/cooling buffer 112 bottom can be passed through
Region 12d come further make fluid temperature (F.T.) stablize.If being lower than the outlet 12b of buffer 112 by the temperature that sensor 12k is measured
The target temperature T3 at place, then heat froth part 12e is so that urea liquid is saturated under desired concentration.In the step
In, a part of solid urea accumulated in the foam is dissolved.Sensor 12l and the 12m temperature measured are included in and considered, temperature is made
Degree and urea concentration are further controlled and stabilize in bottom foam 12f.It more generally, can be according to sensor
The temperature of 12k, 12l, 12m measurement controls being heated or cooled for foam top part 12e and bottom foam part 12f.
Fig. 9 shows another exemplary embodiment, wherein indicating the same or similar component with identical appended drawing reference.Figure
9 system is for generating and injecting the solution that urea concentration increases.The system include for store the storage tank 1 of urea liquid,
Pump 103, the suction point 101 for being connected to venturi apparatus 125.The outlet of venturi apparatus 125 is connected to by valve 126 to be added
Hot device 6, and return dissolution flow region 3 and supply urea liquid.Regional ensemble solid urea box and promote appointing for dissolution
What element, such as diffuser plate and material and collection material.The solution that concentration increases, which is further transmitted to, can be similar to Fig. 8 B
Buffer 112 controlled temperature buffer 112.In the exit of buffer 112, urea liquid that concentration correctly increases
It is ready to be injected at any time by injection-tube 116.
The route of the system can be emptied by the rotation of reversion pump:
It is emptied while by the way that syringe is maintained open position from delivery pipe intake-gas and is connected to pump 103
The route 115 of syringe 116.
Route 118b is emptied when syringe 116 is in the closed position, dissolves flow region 3 and heater 6, and via
The gas of vapor dome of the suction of check-valves 120 from storage tank 1.Fluid communication between heater 6 and pump 103 passes through bypass
121 realize, this is bypassed through valve 126 and is connected to the route from heater 6.Depending on the different location of valve 127, stream
It can be discharged in storage tank 1 or controlled temperature buffer 112.
After emptying, by pumping the fluid from buffer 112 or the urea from storage tank 1 at suction point 102
Solution realizes normal mode function.The position of valve 126 is provided so that exist between Venturi tube 125 and heater 6
It is in fluid communication.
In this embodiment, control equipment 2000 is configured as according to above-mentioned scheme control valve 126,127 and heating
Device 6 and controlled temperature buffer 112.(do not show in Fig. 9 as heater 6b in the embodiment in figure 1, can extraly be arranged
Out), control equipment 2000 can be configured to control heater 6b to control the temperature of the water-soluble liquid stream in dissolution flow region.
In exemplary embodiment illustrated above, work as useWhen as aqueous solution in storage tank 1, obtained
Total urea concentration of the solution obtained can be increased to 55% (weight ratio).In other words, the solution of 1kg include 450g water and
The urea of 550g, wherein there is 217g (32.5% of (450g+217g)) to be originated from eutecticSeparately have 333g be pass through by
EutecticSolution conveying is added by dissolving flow region.0.15 liter is consumed according to every 100km
It calculates, conventional scr system may require that 45 liters of useful volumes to reach in can travel of 30000km (correspond to such as maintenance shop every)
Journey, however wherein using the embodiment of the system of dissolution flow region (such as being provided in the form of replaceable cartridge) Lai Zeng great concentration
About 27 liters of useful volume is only needed to same mileage.Correspondingly, system-wide weight will reduce about 20kg.
In the example of fuel cell feed system, be equipped with have be based on70 liters of useful volumes and every
The vehicle that 100km consumes 28 liters of such prior art systems has the mileage of 250km, and has identical useful body
The system that long-pending urea concentration according to an embodiment of the present invention increases to 55% (weight ratio) as described above is up to about 420km
Mileage.
Although the principle of the present invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments above, however, it is understood that the explanation is only as an example
And it is used as limiting of its scope absolutely not, protection scope is indicated in the appended claims.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of for increasing the Vehicular system of the urea concentration of aqueous solution on vehicle, the Vehicular system includes:
Store the storage tank (1) with the aqueous solution of the first weight of urea percentage；
Including having the dissolution system (1000) of the dissolution flow region (3) of solid urea bed, the dissolution system is configured as
For generating the water-soluble liquid stream for flowing through the dissolution flow region from the storage tank；The dissolution flow region is arranged to
For guiding the aqueous solution stream to flow out the dissolution flow region by the solid urea bed；
It controls equipment (2000), the control equipment is configurable for controlling at least one described dissolution flow region of influence
In dissolution parameter so that leave it is described dissolution flow region aqueous solution have be higher than the first weight of urea percentage
Second weight of urea percentage of ratio.
2. Vehicular system as described in claim 1, wherein control equipment (2000) is configured as controlling one in following
It is a or multiple: the temperature of the water-soluble liquid stream of the dissolution flow region upstream；Water-soluble liquid stream in the dissolution flow region
Temperature；The temperature of the water-soluble liquid stream in the dissolution flow region downstream；The flow rate of water-soluble liquid stream in the dissolution flow region；
The size for the solid urea bed that the water-soluble liquid stream flows through.
3. Vehicular system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the control equipment (2000) includes temperature control equipment, institute
Temperature control equipment is stated to be configurable for controlling the water in the dissolution flow region upstream and/or the dissolution flow region
The temperature of solution, so that leaving the aqueous solution of the dissolution flow region has higher than the first weight of urea percentage
Second weight of urea percentage.
4. Vehicular system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the control equipment (2000) is configured as control extremely
Few one influences the parameter of the dissolution in the dissolution flow region, so that when the first weight of urea percentage is between 28
When between 37wt%, the second weight of urea percentage between 40 between 80wt%, be preferably ranges between 40 to 70wt%
Between, more preferably between 50 between 60wt%, most preferably between 54 between 56wt%.
5. Vehicular system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the control equipment (2000) is configured as control extremely
Few one influences the parameter of the dissolution in the dissolution flow region, so that leave the aqueous solution of the dissolution flow region
Temperature (T3) between 10 to 45 degrees Celsius, be preferably ranges between 15 to 40 degrees Celsius, taken the photograph more preferably between 20 to 34
Between family name's degree.
6. Vehicular system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the control equipment (2000) is configured as control extremely
Few one influences the parameter of the dissolution in the dissolution flow region, so that leave the aqueous solution of the dissolution flow region
Temperature and concentration correspond in the solubility limit of temperature urea in water.
7. Vehicular system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein control equipment (2000) includes one in following
It is a or multiple:
It is configurable for controlling the temperature control equipment of the temperature of the aqueous solution in the storage tank；
It is configurable for controlling the temperature control dress of the temperature for the aqueous solution for flowing to the dissolution flow region from the storage tank
It sets；
It is configurable for controlling the temperature control equipment of the temperature in the solid urea bed of the dissolution flow region.
8. Vehicular system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the dissolution flow region (3) has comes for receiving
Flow out the bottom end of the dissolution flow region herein from the top ends of the aqueous solution of the storage tank and the aqueous solution, with
Enable the aqueous solution by means of via gravity flow through the dissolution flow region.
9. Vehicular system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the dissolution system (1000) includes one in following
It is a or multiple:
For heating the heat exchanger (6b) of the dissolution flow region, which is connected to for from described
The aqueous solution of storage tank receives the aqueous solution before entering the dissolution flow region；
It is configurable for the heat exchanger (4) of the cooling aqueous solution that the dissolution flow region is flow to from the storage tank, it should
Heat exchanger is connected to for receiving the aqueous solution for flowing out the dissolution flow region；
For cooling down the heat exchanger (4) of the dissolution flow region, which is connected to for receiving from described
Dissolve the aqueous solution of flow region.
10. Vehicular system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the dissolution flow region include primary heater and
Secondary heater positioned at primary heater downstream, wherein the control equipment is configurable for controlling first heating
Device is so that the first temperature for being heated region (36) of the dissolution flow region is in the first temperature range, and makes institute
The temperature that the second of the first part downstream is heated region (37) that is located at for stating dissolution flow region is in and is lower than described the
Within the scope of the second temperature of one temperature range.
11. Vehicular system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the dissolution system includes controlled temperature urea buffering
Device (112), the controlled temperature urea buffer have the entrance for receiving the aqueous solution from the dissolution flow region
And for being connected to syringe and being connected to the outlet of the dissolution loop comprising dissolution flow region (3)；The temperature
Controlled urea buffer is configurable for generating and/or stabilizing the solution that urea concentration increases, and is set by the control
Standby (2000) control.
12. Vehicular system as claimed in any preceding claim further includes being located at by control equipment (2000) control
Heat exchanger between the outlet of the controlled temperature urea buffer (112) and the entrance of dissolution flow region (3)
(6)。
13. the Vehicular system as described in claim 11 and 12, wherein the controlled temperature urea buffer (112) and described
Heat exchanger (6) is comprised in the module being mounted in the storage tank.
14. Vehicular system as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the dissolution system include be configurable for by
Flow control rate will pass through the pump (103) for dissolving flow region from the pumping of the aqueous solution of the storage tank.
15. a kind of SCR system, the SCR system includes Vehicular system as described in any one of the preceding claims.
16. a kind of fuel cell system, the fuel cell system includes the vehicle as described in any one of claims 1 to 14
System.
17. a kind of for increasing the method for the urea concentration of aqueous solution on vehicle, which comprises
Store the aqueous solution with the first weight of urea percentage；
Generating, there is the aqueous solution of the first weight of urea percentage to pass through the solid urea bed in dissolution flow region
Stream；
Controlling at least one influences the parameter of the dissolution in the solid urea bed, so that leaving the dissolution flow region
Aqueous solution have higher than the first weight of urea percentage the second weight of urea percentage.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16306091 | 2016-08-30 | ||
| EP16306091.6 | 2016-08-30 | ||
| PCT/EP2017/071496 WO2018041754A1 (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2017-08-28 | System and method for increasing the urea concentration of an aqueous solution on-board a vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109641743A true CN109641743A (en) | 2019-04-16 |
Family
ID=56893913
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201780053554.XA Pending CN109641743A (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2017-08-28 | System and method for increasing urea concentration of an aqueous solution on board a vehicle |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109641743A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018041754A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112682133A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-20 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Urea injection system, control method thereof, controller and storage medium |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111686597A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-22 | 曹福金 | Method for rapidly dissolving urea granules for vehicles |
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| CN1033377A (en) * | 1987-12-02 | 1989-06-14 | 戴维·麦基(伦敦)有限公司 | Catalytic hydrogenation method |
| CN101125666A (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2008-02-20 | 中电投远达环保工程有限公司 | Technique for preparing ammonia from urea by pyrolysis method |
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| CN105032156A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-11 | 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 | Ship urea solution preparation device and method |
| CN105874177A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2016-08-17 | 全耐塑料高级创新研究公司 | Liquid supply system for use in vehicle |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2007338356B2 (en) * | 2006-12-23 | 2011-12-08 | Alzchem Trostberg Gmbh | Method for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases of vehicles |
| EP2975233B1 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2018-06-06 | Plastic Omnium Advanced Innovation and Research | Ammonia precursor generating system for use in a vehicle |
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2017
- 2017-08-28 CN CN201780053554.XA patent/CN109641743A/en active Pending
- 2017-08-28 WO PCT/EP2017/071496 patent/WO2018041754A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1033377A (en) * | 1987-12-02 | 1989-06-14 | 戴维·麦基(伦敦)有限公司 | Catalytic hydrogenation method |
| CN101125666A (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2008-02-20 | 中电投远达环保工程有限公司 | Technique for preparing ammonia from urea by pyrolysis method |
| CN201971645U (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2011-09-14 | 成都锐思环保工程有限公司 | Urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system |
| CN105874177A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2016-08-17 | 全耐塑料高级创新研究公司 | Liquid supply system for use in vehicle |
| CN105032156A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-11 | 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 | Ship urea solution preparation device and method |
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| CN112682133A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-20 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Urea injection system, control method thereof, controller and storage medium |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2018041754A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 |
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