CN109566342A - A kind of nutrient matrix that potato incubator uses - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of nutrient matrixes that potato incubator uses, and contain following steps: a. raw material crushes: the outer green peel of pine needle, cigarette muscle powder, walnut is ground into granularity in 2mm or less；B. prepared by nutrient matrix；C. the application of nutrient matrix；D. it cultivates；Potato is planted on nutrient matrix by normal implantation methods.A kind of nutrient matrix that potato incubator uses of the present invention is easy to operate, and cultivation cycle is short, less investment, and technology is easily grasped, and is suitable for popularization and application.

Description

A kind of nutrient matrix that potato incubator uses

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of nutrient matrixes that potato incubator uses.

Background technique

Potato (scientific name: Solanum tuberosum, English: potato), Solanaceae Solanum, annual herb plant, not Claim potato, potato, potato etc..About B.C. 8000 to 5000 Peru can be traced to the artificial cultivation of potato earliest Southern areas.Potato, it is 15-80 centimetres high, it is hairless or by thin pubescence.Stem divides the aerial stem of plant and subterranean stem two parts.Potato is One of Chinese five big staple foods, nutritive value is high, adaptive faculty is strong, yield is big, is the third-largest important cereal crops in the whole world, only secondary In wheat and corn.Potato is stem tuber breeding, can be used as medicine, sweet natured, can be treated for stomachache, the diseases such as Zha rib, carbuncle swells.As Food, retention cycle is unsuitable too long, has to low temperature, drying, closed preservation.(note: young shoot has mild toxicity), on evidence table Bright, the Vitamin C content of potato is 4 times of apple or so.

The mode for mostly using stem tuber to breed in production at present cultivates potato, currently, using nutrient matrix about potato The advantages that method for cultivating potato has the period short, and operating procedure is few, and cost is relatively low, is the head of the factorial production tissue-cultured seedling Selecting technology.But there is not been reported for the tissue cultures for carrying out potato by the approach at present.

Therefore, how to overcome the shortcomings of the existing cultivation technique of potato, especially find a kind of product appearance condition and fit well The potato culture method of high yield is realized in suitable Far-away Backward Areas, is asking for current potato culture technical field urgent need to resolve Topic.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of nutrient matrixes that potato incubator uses.

The technical scheme is that a kind of nutrient matrix that potato incubator uses, it is characterised in that containing following Step:

A. raw material crushes: the pine needle of acquisition sufficiently being tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then is crushed with low temperature stalk Obtained pine needle is ground into granularity at the pine needle end below 2mm by machine；

The waste material cigarette muscle that tobacco factory produces is ground into granularity at the cigarette muscle end below 2mm；

Green peel outside the walnut of acquisition is sufficiently tedded to carrying out chemical sterilization after withered and yellow, then with low temperature stalk crasher by core The outer green peel of peach is ground into granularity green peel end outside 2mm walnut below；

B. prepared by nutrient matrix: green peel end outside the pine needle end, cigarette muscle end and walnut of crushing is mixed by the mass ratio of 0.5:1:1 It closes uniform；It adds water and stirs to 200 times of liquid of stover ferment agent or the straw containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt after fluffy, are added thereto Stalk leavening aqueous solution, after mixing, accumulation plastic cloth seal covering fermentation, and fermentation time is 1 year；

C. the application of nutrient matrix: spreading the nutrient matrix fermented out exposure 2 days in the sunlight, the quality such as adds Detritus soil stirs evenly；

D. it cultivates: potato is planted in the nutrient matrix that detritus soil is added by normal implantation methods.

A kind of nutrient matrix that potato incubator uses of the present invention, it is characterised in that contain following steps:

A. raw material crushes: the pine needle of acquisition sufficiently being tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then is crushed with low temperature stalk Obtained pine needle is ground into granularity at the pine needle end below 2mm by machine；

The waste material cigarette muscle that tobacco factory produces is ground into granularity at the cigarette muscle end below 2mm；

Green peel outside the walnut of acquisition is sufficiently tedded to carrying out chemical sterilization after withered and yellow, then with low temperature stalk crasher by core The outer green peel of peach is ground into granularity green peel end outside 2mm walnut below；

B. prepared by nutrient matrix: green peel end outside the pine needle end, cigarette muscle end and walnut of crushing is mixed by the mass ratio of 0.5:1:1 It closes uniform；It adds water and stirs to 200 times of liquid of stover ferment agent or the straw containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt after fluffy, are added thereto Stalk leavening aqueous solution, after mixing, accumulation plastic cloth seal covering fermentation, and fermentation time is 1 year；

The preparation method of the stover ferment agent is that 120 grams every bag of agriculture Citroen zx microbial straw leavening pours into 10 public affairs Jin mass percentage concentration is 1%, and in brown sugar aqueous solution of the temperature lower than 40 DEG C, through the 6-8d that after completely dissolution, ferments；

The stover ferment agent aqueous solution containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt, usage amount are every 1000 kilograms of aqueous 40- 60% nutrient matrix is sent out with the stalk of the microbial straw leavening of Citroen zx containing agriculture 50-80g, sodium chloride 5-8g and sucrose 10-15g Ferment agent aqueous solution 300-400kg sprinkling；

C. the application of nutrient matrix: spreading the nutrient matrix fermented out exposure 2 days in the sunlight, the quality such as adds Detritus soil stirs evenly；

D. it cultivates: potato is planted in the nutrient matrix that detritus soil is added by normal implantation methods.

A kind of nutrient matrix that potato incubator uses of the present invention, it is characterised in that the sodium chloride salt is edible salt Or industrial salt, sucrose are edible brown sugar.

The present invention relates to nutrient matrix kind potato, belong to the technical field of cultivation of crops, core is Nutrient medium The selection of application and nutrient matrix of the matter technology in potato culture mainly utilizes pine needle, the outer green peel end of walnut and cigarette muscle This three kind of powder is easy the biomass obtained on a large scale and carries out nutrient matrix plantation to potato.

Nutrient matrix is used for artificial greenhouse earliest, is to pass through crushing, working process system using various organic-biological body materials At the nutrient matrix of plantation, it can obviously play and keep soil moisture, absorption fugitive dust, adjust temperature, increase soil fertility, inhibit Weeds promote to plant and plant growth, prevent the effects of erosion and beautiful decoration.

Fibre-bearing is more than 29% in pine needle, and for protein up to 11%, fat also contains a large amount of vitamins, especially up to 10% It is vitamin C, carrotene, chlorophyll, lignin is then up to 22%.Protein, fat, vitamin are superior to corn, Wheat Straw Stalk.But not enriching Cu, manganese, cobalt, iron etc. in pine needle.

It is industrial tobacco factory's waste cigarette muscle that another, which is easier to the nutrient matrix that low cost obtains on a large scale,.

Cigarette muscle fasciated fiber is long, and for crude fiber content up to 32% or more, silicone content is only second to husk, is higher than corn, wheat Stalk.In addition, many microelements of cigarette muscle, such as copper, manganese, cobalt, iron, in enrichment, this depends primarily on planting site；Another cigarette There is good desinsection and bactericidal effect containing a large amount of nicotine and nicotine in muscle.

Cigarette muscle is to be significantly better than rice and wheat stalk and pine needle in terms of nutrient matrix, especially conserves water in improvement soil Ability in terms of.

Have involucre outside Walnut Fruit, involucre endoperidium hard kind of shell (walnut shell) and kernel.Mature mark is Chinese olive Skin becomes yellowish from dark green, and atop part cracking, pericarp is easily peelable, individual fruit abscissions.Too early, green peel is not easily stripped for harvesting, Kernel percent is low, and not storage tolerance；Too late, then fruit is easy to fall off, and nut quality is caused to decline for harvesting.

The outer green peel of walnut is usually waste, stacks and there is pollution environment.The outer green peel of another walnut have good desinsection and Bactericidal effect.

The Major Nutrient form of potato is to convey by photosynthesis to stem tuber, and therefore, the supply of the nitrogen of early stage is aobvious It obtains particularly important.However, excessively applying nitrogenous fertilizer, soil is on the one hand endangered, on the other hand, in Seedling Stage and waste, is urged instead Raw a large amount of weeds, also will cause potato leaf undue growth, both can seriously affect potato later period knot stem block.

There are some researches prove separate obtained endogenetic fungus fermentation liquid to pathogenic from green peel end outside walnut and cigarette muscle Bacterium has strong bacteriostatic activity and inhibits spore germination effect, and this act on after fermenation raw liquid is diluted still has；Face-off Culture experiment shows that there is very strong antagonism at the outer green peel end of walnut and cigarette muscle to phytopathogen, and Antagonizing is mainly the heavy responsibilities of government Raw effect, nutrient competition effect and antibiosis etc..

Have it was verified that the bacteria suspension and fermentation liquid of the outer green peel end of walnut and cigarette muscle endogenetic fungus are to gray mold of cucumber Bacterium has stronger bacteriostatic activity, and more long-acting, and Antagonizing is mainly nutrient competition effect, hyperparasitism and antibiosis Deng；Cigarette muscle endogenetic fungus tests the inhibition of the grey mold Spot expansion of in vitro cucumber, it was confirmed that the bacterium cell and metabolite Biological control function, this is also very favorable to the growth of cigarette muscle stem tuber.

In addition, belonging to alkaloids from the cigarette muscle alkali that cigarette muscle is extracted, there is efficient sterilizing effect.The nicotine extracted from cigarette muscle Have become an important path for preparing efficient sterilizing organic agricultural chemicals.

The acquisition traditional approach of pine needle is that hayashishita collects the Litter leaf of pine tree and pine tree fosters and fell the pair of process It produces, there is certain limitation.Since the pine tree in China is widely distributed, from south to north, most of mountain area is distributed with large area pine forests, Or pine tree mixed forest, it is available locally.

A kind of nutrient matrix that potato incubator uses of the present invention, obtained nutrient matrix are applicable to potato cultivation Training is also applied for cultivating the nursery lot of Chinese yam young plant with Chinese yam, is also applied for the cultivation of other industrial crops.

Key technology explanation

First item key technology: the preparation method and Land use systems of nutrient matrix.

The technology of preparing being related to set by the present invention refers to that crushing rear material fineness reaches 2mm biomass smalls below.Its The key of processing is by tedding dehydration under field conditions (factors), until water content 20% or so, in order to crush first.Followed by select Suitable stalk crasher is selected, it is low under conditions of not destroying pine needle, green peel end is with the basic Biomass Characteristics of cigarette muscle outside walnut Cost is ground into the powder that fineness is less than 2mm, is included in aqueous 14% or so.

Section 2 key technology: the process for formulating of nutrient matrix.

The process for formulating being related to set by the present invention is the compatibility between organic matter and other additions, i.e., will be directed to pine The outer green peel end of needle, walnut and difference of the cigarette muscle on vitamin, fat, organosilicon, endogenetic fungus are combined, to heavy metal into Row dilution, is inoculated with stalk fermentation bacterium.Proportion compatibility is that 0.5:1:1 is ideal.Wherein, increase this sugared and salt means, be Enhance the synergistic effect of endogenetic fungus in the outer green peel end of cigarette muscle, walnut and pine needle.

Section 3 key technology: the control of fermentation.

The nutrient matrix suitable for potato culture being related to set by the present invention spreads exposure out 2 days in the sunlight, adds Etc. the detritus soils of quality stir evenly, excessive weeding and preserve soil moisture it is not sufficiently effective, it is excessively few to be then easy in potato seedling phase soil mistake The too fast burn potato seedling of wet and covering fermentation.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:

(1) nutrient matrix raw material of the present invention is easy to get, and preparation method is simple, especially to artificial potato culture, and With the nursery lot of potato, the management costs such as watering, fertilising, weeding can be effectively reduced, reduces and avoids using herbicide and agriculture Damage of the medicine chemical fertilizer to potato set, while realizing and the long-term improvement of soil is acted on child care, application easy to spread；

(2) it was verified that nutrient matrix mode of the present invention, hence it is evident that inhibit weeds association, also promote soil environment obvious Improve.

(3) it was verified that the present invention is planted using nutrient matrix mode, the product appearance condition of the soft harvest of soil property is good, Per mu yield has reached 2500 kilograms, considerably beyond the yield of traditional cultivation method.

A kind of nutrient matrix that potato incubator uses of the present invention is easy to operate, and cultivation cycle is short, less investment, and technology It easily grasps, is suitable for popularization and application.

Specific embodiment

Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.

Embodiment 1: a kind of nutrient matrix that potato incubator uses of the present invention contains following steps:

A. raw material crushes: the pine needle of acquisition sufficiently being tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then is crushed with low temperature stalk Obtained pine needle is ground into granularity at the pine needle end below 2mm by machine；

The waste material cigarette muscle that tobacco factory produces is ground into granularity at the cigarette muscle end below 2mm；

Green peel outside the walnut of acquisition is sufficiently tedded to carrying out chemical sterilization after withered and yellow, then with low temperature stalk crasher by core The outer green peel of peach is ground into granularity green peel end outside 2mm walnut below；

B. prepared by nutrient matrix: green peel end outside the pine needle end, cigarette muscle end and walnut of crushing is mixed by the mass ratio of 0.5:1:1 It closes uniform；It adds water and stirs to 200 times of liquid of stover ferment agent or the straw containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt after fluffy, are added thereto Stalk leavening aqueous solution, after mixing, accumulation plastic cloth seal covering fermentation, and fermentation time is 1 year；

The preparation method of the stover ferment agent is that 120 grams every bag of agriculture Citroen zx microbial straw leavening pours into 10 public affairs Jin mass percentage concentration is 1%, and in brown sugar aqueous solution of the temperature lower than 40 DEG C, through the 6-8d that after completely dissolution, ferments；

C. the application of nutrient matrix: spreading the nutrient matrix fermented out exposure 2 days in the sunlight, the quality such as adds Detritus soil stirs evenly；

D. it cultivates: potato is planted in the nutrient matrix that detritus soil is added by normal implantation methods.

The sodium chloride salt is edible salt or industrial salt, and sucrose is edible brown sugar.

Embodiment 2: a kind of nutrient matrix that potato incubator uses of the present invention contains following steps:

A. raw material crushes: the pine needle of acquisition sufficiently being tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then is crushed with low temperature stalk Obtained pine needle is ground into granularity at the pine needle end below 2mm by machine；

The waste material cigarette muscle that tobacco factory produces is ground into granularity at the cigarette muscle end below 2mm；

Green peel outside the walnut of acquisition is sufficiently tedded to carrying out chemical sterilization after withered and yellow, then with low temperature stalk crasher by core The outer green peel of peach is ground into granularity green peel end outside 2mm walnut below；

B. prepared by nutrient matrix: green peel end outside the pine needle end, cigarette muscle end and walnut of crushing is mixed by the mass ratio of 0.5:1:1 It closes uniform；It adds water and stirs to 200 times of liquid of stover ferment agent or the straw containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt after fluffy, are added thereto Stalk leavening aqueous solution, after mixing, accumulation plastic cloth seal covering fermentation, and fermentation time is 1 year；

The stover ferment agent aqueous solution containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt, usage amount are every 1000 kilograms of aqueous 40- 60% nutrient matrix is sent out with the stalk of the microbial straw leavening of Citroen zx containing agriculture 50-80g, sodium chloride 5-8g and sucrose 10-15g Ferment agent aqueous solution 400kg sprinkling；

C. the application of nutrient matrix: spreading the nutrient matrix fermented out exposure 2 days in the sunlight, the quality such as adds Detritus soil stirs evenly；

D. it cultivates: potato is planted in the nutrient matrix that detritus soil is added by normal implantation methods.

The sodium chloride salt is edible salt or industrial salt, and sucrose is edible brown sugar.

Embodiment 3: a kind of nutrient matrix that potato incubator uses of the present invention contains following steps:

A. raw material crushes: the pine needle of acquisition sufficiently being tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then is crushed with low temperature stalk Obtained pine needle is ground into granularity at the pine needle end below 2mm by machine；

The waste material cigarette muscle that tobacco factory produces is ground into granularity at the cigarette muscle end below 2mm；

Green peel outside the walnut of acquisition is sufficiently tedded to carrying out chemical sterilization after withered and yellow, then with low temperature stalk crasher by core The outer green peel of peach is ground into granularity green peel end outside 2mm walnut below；

B. prepared by nutrient matrix: green peel end outside the pine needle end, cigarette muscle end and walnut of crushing is mixed by the mass ratio of 0.5:1:1 It closes uniform；It adds water and stirs to 200 times of liquid of stover ferment agent or the straw containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt after fluffy, are added thereto Stalk leavening aqueous solution, after mixing, accumulation plastic cloth seal covering fermentation, and fermentation time is 1 year；

The preparation method of the stover ferment agent is that 120 grams every bag of agriculture Citroen zx microbial straw leavening pours into 10 public affairs Jin mass percentage concentration is 1%, and in brown sugar aqueous solution of the temperature lower than 40 DEG C, through the 7d that after completely dissolution, ferments；

The stover ferment agent aqueous solution containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt, usage amount are every 1000 kilograms aqueous 50% battalion Matrix is supported, with the stover ferment agent aqueous solution of the microbial straw leavening of Citroen zx containing agriculture 70g, sodium chloride 7g and sucrose 10-15g 350kg sprinkling；

C. the application of nutrient matrix: spreading the nutrient matrix fermented out exposure 2 days in the sunlight, the quality such as adds Detritus soil stirs evenly；

D. it cultivates: potato is planted in the nutrient matrix that detritus soil is added by normal implantation methods.

The sodium chloride salt is edible salt or industrial salt, and sucrose is edible brown sugar.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of nutrient matrix that potato incubator uses, it is characterised in that contain following steps:

A. raw material crushes: the pine needle of acquisition sufficiently being tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then will with low temperature stalk crasher Obtained pine needle is ground into granularity at the pine needle end below 2mm；

The waste material cigarette muscle that tobacco factory produces is ground into granularity at the cigarette muscle end below 2mm；

Green peel outside the walnut of acquisition is sufficiently tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then will be outside walnut with low temperature stalk crasher Green peel is ground into granularity green peel end outside 2mm walnut below；

B. prepared by nutrient matrix: green peel end outside the pine needle end, cigarette muscle end and walnut of crushing is equal by the mass ratio mixing of 0.5:1:1 It is even；It adds water and stirs to 200 times of liquid that stover ferment agent after fluffy, is added thereto or is sent out containing the stalk of sucrose and sodium chloride salt Ferment agent aqueous solution, after mixing, accumulation plastic cloth seal covering fermentation, and fermentation time is 1 year；

C. the application of nutrient matrix: spreading the nutrient matrix fermented out exposure 2 days in the sunlight, the detritus of quality such as adds Soil stirs evenly；

D. it cultivates: potato is planted in the nutrient matrix that detritus soil is added by normal implantation methods.

2. a kind of nutrient matrix that potato incubator uses described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that contain following step It is rapid:

A. raw material crushes: the pine needle of acquisition sufficiently being tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then will with low temperature stalk crasher Obtained pine needle is ground into granularity at the pine needle end below 2mm；

The waste material cigarette muscle that tobacco factory produces is ground into granularity at the cigarette muscle end below 2mm；

Green peel outside the walnut of acquisition is sufficiently tedded to withered and yellow rear progress chemical sterilization, then will be outside walnut with low temperature stalk crasher Green peel is ground into granularity green peel end outside 2mm walnut below；

B. prepared by nutrient matrix: green peel end outside the pine needle end, cigarette muscle end and walnut of crushing is equal by the mass ratio mixing of 0.5:1:1 It is even；It adds water and stirs to 200 times of liquid that stover ferment agent after fluffy, is added thereto or is sent out containing the stalk of sucrose and sodium chloride salt Ferment agent aqueous solution, after mixing, accumulation plastic cloth seal covering fermentation, and fermentation time is 1 year；

The preparation method of the stover ferment agent is that 120 grams every bag of agriculture Citroen zx microbial straw leavening pours into 10 kilograms of matter Measuring percentage concentration is 1%, and in brown sugar aqueous solution of the temperature lower than 40 DEG C, through the 6-8d that after completely dissolution, ferments；

The stover ferment agent aqueous solution containing sucrose and sodium chloride salt, usage amount are every 1000 kilograms aqueous 40-60% battalion Matrix is supported, with the stover ferment agent water of the microbial straw leavening of Citroen zx containing agriculture 50-80g, sodium chloride 5-8g and sucrose 10-15g Solution 300-400kg sprinkling；

C. the application of nutrient matrix: spreading the nutrient matrix fermented out exposure 2 days in the sunlight, the detritus of quality such as adds Soil stirs evenly；

D. it cultivates: potato is planted in the nutrient matrix that detritus soil is added by normal implantation methods.

3. a kind of nutrient matrix that potato incubator uses described in accordance with the claim 3, it is characterised in that the chlorination Sodium salt is edible salt or industrial salt, and sucrose is edible brown sugar.