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CN109551521A - Six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively and method - Google Patents

Six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109551521A
CN109551521A CN201811617834.1A CN201811617834A CN109551521A CN 109551521 A CN109551521 A CN 109551521A CN 201811617834 A CN201811617834 A CN 201811617834A CN 109551521 A CN109551521 A CN 109551521A
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parallel robot
target ball
freedom parallel
platform
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CN109551521B (en
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赵海波
赵伟国
薛闯
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Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
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Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J19/00Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
    • B25J19/0095Means or methods for testing manipulators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

Six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively of the present invention, including six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot, target ball, carry block and laser tracker, the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot is made of fixed platform and moving platform, the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot is six branch parallel institutions, the six branches parallel institution is that six branch both ends are connected on the fixed platform and the moving platform, the load block is fixed by screws on the moving platform, the fixed platform, six movement positions and moving platform of fixed platform lower end spherical hinge are successively arranged benchmark position, weak part and moving part, the evenly distributed lopping of target ball is separately fixed at the benchmark position, the weak part and the moving part, the position of the laser tracker measurement target ball.Can rapid survey go out six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot overall stiffness changing value, structure is simple, efficiency and precision are higher, provides data support for the research and production of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot.

Description

Six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to machinery equipment field, and in particular to six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link quantitative test Device and method.
Background technique
Six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot has the advantages that precision is high, rigidity is high, additional inertial is small, small in size, structure is simple, Thus it is widely used.In certain specific areas such as aerospace field, not only exigent precision, it is also necessary to very High rigidity.Under these occasions, it can guarantee that can enough rigidity will directly affect task and smoothly complete, therefore, in equipment Its rigidity must be tested before.For six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot since transmission link is more, movable part is more, each portion Matching relationship between part is complicated and Pre strained state is difficult to control, and the accurate simulation calculation of overall stiffness is more difficult, often Measured result and simulation result difference are larger.The stiffness test method of traditional six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot mostly uses amesdial to beat Point measurement, although method is simple, test data is limited, and when simulation result and measured result are not inconsistent, the data of acquisition are difficult To determine the weak link of complete machine, the progress and accuracy of complete machine rigidity test are influenced.Therefore, it is badly in need of studying a kind of six degree of freedom The new method of parallel robot rigidity test can be carried out according to weak link of the test result to six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot Quantitative analysis provides data for research and production and supports.
Summary of the invention
The purpose that the present invention is is in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, providing six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity Weak link apparatus for quantitatively and method quickly test out six degree of freedom simultaneously based on the device is measured by laser tracker The rigidity for joining robot carries out quantitative analysis to the weak link of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot, to instruct research and production.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
Six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively provided by the invention, including six degree of freedom is simultaneously Connection robot, target ball, load block and laser tracker, the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot are made of fixed platform and moving platform, institute Stating six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot is six branch parallel institutions, and the six branches parallel institution is that six branch both ends are separately connected On the fixed platform and the moving platform, the load block is fixed by screws on the moving platform, the moving platform, described Six movement positions of fixed platform and fixed platform lower end spherical hinge are successively arranged moving part, benchmark position and weak point Position, the evenly distributed lopping of target ball are separately fixed at the moving part, the weak part and the benchmark position, institute State the position of laser tracker measurement target ball.
The measuring device further includes basic platform, bent plate and tripod, the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot by screw with The bent plate connection, the bent plate are fixed by screws on the basic platform, and the laser tracker is erected at three foot On frame, the tripod is fixed on the basic platform.
Preferably, every branch is respectively typed ball bearing pair, sliding pair, ball from the fixed platform to the kinematic pair of the moving platform Hinge is secondary.
Preferably, the target ball is divided into three groups, respectively includes benchmark target ball, activity target ball, weak link target ball.
Preferably, at least three target ball of benchmark target ball, is fixed on the benchmark position.
Preferably, at least three target ball of activity target ball, is fixed in the moving part.
Preferably, at least six target ball of weak link target ball, is fixed on the weak part.
Preferably, the frame of reference { B } is established in the center of the benchmark target ball.
Preferably, moving platform coordinate system { D0 } is established in moving target ball center position.
Based on the test method of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively, including walk as follows It is rapid:
Step S10: by target ball be separately fixed at the benchmark position of tested six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot, moving part and On weak part;
Step S20: using benchmark target ball of the laser tracker test setting on the benchmark position, three are calculated The position at a target ball center is established the frame of reference { B }, and the initial position of six lower end spherical hinges is calculated according to geometrical model The initial position co-ordinates Qu0 of coordinate Qd0 and six upper end spherical hinges;
Step S30: using activity target ball of the laser tracker test setting in the moving part, three are calculated Moving platform coordinate system { D0 } is established in the position at a target ball center, calculates under the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot original state Position P0 and posture R0 of the moving platform relative to the frame of reference;
Step S40: it using weak link target ball of the laser tracker test setting on the weak part, calculates The position at six target ball centers out calculates the position of the lower six lower end spherical hinges of the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot original state Set Q0;
Step S50: adding loading blocks on the moving platform of the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot, produces the moving platform Raw rigid deformation, retests the activity target ball being arranged on the moving platform after stablizing and is arranged in thin on the spherical hinge of lower end The sphere center position of weak link target ball, obtain the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot in the loaded state the moving platform relative to base The position P1 and posture R1 of conventional coordinates and the position Q1 of six lower end spherical hinges;
Step S60: when calculating the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot and applying load, the change in location of the moving platform be and Attitudes vibration are as follows: △ P=P1-P0, △ R=R1-R0;△ P and △ R are the whole rigid body of the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot Deformation;
Step S70: it calculates after applying load, the new position coordinates of six lower end spherical hinges are as follows: Qdnew=Qd0+Q1- Q0;
Step S80: go out only to be caused by spherical hinge change in location according to the computation of inverse- kinematics of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot Moving platform rigid deformation △ Pq and the △ Rq;
Step S90: quantitative to calculate only moving platform rigid deformation the △ Pq and △ as caused by weak link change in location The ratio of Rq and whole rigid deformation, obtain influence value Kp=△ Pq/ △ P, KR=△ Rq/ △ R.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: laser tracker can go out six freely after system building finishes with rapid survey Overall stiffness changing value of the parallel robot when applying load, and the three-dimensional rigid body displacement of available weak link are spent, And then go out the rigid deformation that only weak link generates by the inverse kinematics of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot, by quantitative Weak link is calculated to the influence value of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot overall stiffness;Structure is simple, and efficiency and precision are high, can Data support is provided for the research and production of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic layout pattern of target ball of the present invention.
Wherein: the basis 1- platform;2- bent plate;3- six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot;32- fixed platform;34- moving platform;4- target ball; 4a- benchmark target ball;4b- weak link target ball;4c- activity target ball;5- carries block;6- laser tracker;7- tripod.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Refer to attached drawing 1: six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively include six degree of freedom simultaneously Join robot 3, target ball 4, carry block 5 and laser tracker 6, six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot 3 is by fixed platform 32 and 34 groups of moving platform At six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot 3 is six branch parallel institutions, and six branch parallel institutions are that six branch both ends are connected to On fixed platform 32 and moving platform 34, carries block 5 and be fixed by screws on moving platform 34, fixed platform 32,32 lower end flexural pivot of fixed platform Six movement positions and moving platform 34 of chain are successively arranged benchmark position, weak part and moving part, and lower end spherical hinge refers to The spherical hinge being connect with fixed platform 32;The evenly distributed lopping of target ball 4 is separately fixed at benchmark position, weak part and movable part Position, laser tracker 6 measure the position of target ball 4.With weight and mass center and the comparable quality of block 5 can also be carried at the test condition Block replaces, and laser tracker 6 is used to test the corresponding position coordinate of target ball 4, and laser tracker can go out six freely with rapid survey Spend overall stiffness changing value of the parallel robot when applying load.
It further include basic platform 1, bent plate 2 and tripod 7, six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot 3 is connect by screw with bent plate 2, Bent plate 2 is fixed by screws on basic platform 1, and bent plate 2 needs sufficiently high rigidity, it is desirable that fundamental frequency is at least tested six degree of freedom Three times of parallel robot 3, laser tracker 6 is erected on tripod 7, and tripod 7 is fixed on basic platform 1.
Further, every branch is respectively typed ball bearing pair, sliding pair, flexural pivot from fixed platform 32 to the kinematic pair of moving platform 34 It is secondary.
Refer to attached drawing 2: it is three groups that target ball 4, which is divided, respectively includes benchmark target ball 4a, weak link target ball 4b, moving platform target Ball 4c, the weak link of the device rigidity are the spherical hinge connecting with fixed platform 32.
According to function needs, at least three target ball of benchmark target ball 4a is fixed on benchmark position, as tested six degree of freedom The benchmark of parallel robot 3.
Further, at least three target ball of activity target ball 4c, is fixed in moving part, for being fitted the position of moving platform 34 It sets and posture.
Further, at least six target ball of weak link target ball 4b, is located on weak part, for testing lower end spherical hinge Position.
Further, the frame of reference { B } is established in the center of benchmark target ball 4a;In the center activity target ball 4c Establish moving platform coordinate system { D0 }.Benchmark target ball 4a and activity target ball 4c are separately positioned on benchmark position and moving part, make to build The coordinate overlapping of axles of the corresponding coordinate system of the coordinate system and geometrical model of standing, the distance between coordinate origin are known quantity, this The coordinate system that sample can use foundation target ball to set up determines the initial position co-ordinates of 12 spherical hinges.
It makes explanations in conjunction with the preferred implementation step in the present invention to the present invention, is based on six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity The test method of weak link apparatus for quantitatively, includes the following steps:
Step S10: by target ball 4 be separately fixed at moving part, the weak part of tested six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot 3 with And on benchmark position.
Step S20: using benchmark target ball 4a of 6 test setting of laser tracker on benchmark position, three targets are calculated The position of ball center is established the frame of reference { B }, and the initial position co-ordinates of six lower end spherical hinges are calculated according to geometrical model The initial position co-ordinates Qu0 of Qd0 and six upper end spherical hinge.Upper end spherical hinge refers to the spherical hinge connecting with moving platform 34.
Step S30: using activity target ball 4c of 6 test setting of laser tracker in moving part, three targets are calculated Moving platform coordinate system { D0 } is established in the position of ball center, calculates 34 phase of moving platform under 3 original state of six-degree-of-freedom parallel device For the position P0 and posture R0 of the frame of reference.
Step S40: using weak link target ball 4b of 6 test setting of laser tracker on weak part, six are calculated The position at a target ball center calculates the position Q0 of the lower six lower end spherical hinges of 3 original state of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot.
Step S50: adding loading blocks 5 on the moving platform 34 of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot 3, generates the moving platform 34 Rigid deformation, six targets for retesting three target balls being arranged on moving platform 34 after stablizing and being arranged on the spherical hinge of lower end The sphere center position of ball obtains position of the moving platform 34 relative to the frame of reference in the loaded state of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot 3 Set the position Q1 of P1 and posture R1 and six lower end spherical hinges.
Step S60: when calculating six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot 3 and applying load, the change in location of moving platform 34 is and posture Variation are as follows: △ P=P1-P0, △ R=R1-R0;△ P and △ R are the whole rigid deformation of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot 3.
Step S70: it calculates after applying load, the new position coordinates of six lower end spherical hinges are as follows: Qdnew=Qd0+Q1- Q0。
Step S80: go out only to be caused by spherical hinge change in location according to the computation of inverse- kinematics of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot 3 34 rigid deformation △ Pq and △ Rq of moving platform.
Method particularly includes: assuming that only 34 rigid deformation of moving platform as caused by spherical hinge change in location is △ Pq and △ Rq, There are three components for each amount, introduce six unknown quantitys altogether, can be in the hope of the transformation matrix T of moving platform 34, so by this six amounts The new coordinate value of upper end spherical hinge when obtaining applying loading blocks 5 afterwards are as follows: Qunew=T Qu0.According to the flexural pivot at every branch both ends The constraint condition of a length of definite value of bar between chain, establishes six equations, solves only to move as caused by spherical hinge change in location and put down 34 rigid deformation △ Pq and △ Rq of platform.
Step S90: quantitative to calculate only 34 rigid deformation △ Pq and the △ Rq of moving platform as caused by weak link change in location With the ratio of whole rigid deformation, influence value Kp=△ Pq/ △ P, KR=△ Rq/ △ R is obtained.
During actual test: system building finishes, and according to function needs, sets at least three on fixed platform 32 respectively It is set in a target ball, moving platform 34 and sets at least six target balls on the movement position of at least three target balls and six lower end spherical hinges, it is fixed The position of target ball on platform 32 and moving platform 34 needs to be arranged on benchmark position and moving part, makes the coordinate system set up With the coordinate overlapping of axles of the corresponding coordinate system of geometrical model, the distance between coordinate origin is known quantity, can be used in this way The coordinate system that foundation target ball is set up determines the initial position co-ordinates of 12 spherical hinges.Laser tracker 6 can be surveyed quickly Measure overall stiffness changing value of the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot 3 when applying load, and the three of available weak link Rigid body displacement is tieed up, and then goes out the rigid body that only weak link generates by the inverse kinematics of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot 3 Deformation, by the way that weak link is quantitatively calculated to the influence value of 3 overall stiffness of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot.This quantitative test Apparatus structure is simple, and efficiency and precision are high, and data support can be provided for the research and production of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot.
It should also be noted that, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to nonexcludability It include so that the process, method, commodity or the equipment that include a series of elements not only include those elements, but also to wrap Include other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, commodity or equipment intrinsic want Element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that including described want There is also other identical elements in the process, method of element, commodity or equipment.
The above description is only an example of the present application, is not intended to limit this application.For those skilled in the art For, various changes and changes are possible in this application.All any modifications made within the spirit and principles of the present application are equal Replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims (10)

1. six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively, including six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot (3), target Ball (4) carries block (5) and laser tracker (6), it is characterised in that: the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot (3) includes fixed platform (32) with moving platform (34), the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot (3) is six branch parallel institutions, the six branches parallel institution It is connected on the fixed platform (32) and the moving platform (34) for six branch both ends, the load block (5) passes through screw Be fixed on the moving platform (34), the fixed platform (32), the fixed platform (32) six movement positions of lower end spherical hinge And the moving platform (34) is successively arranged benchmark position, weak part and moving part, the evenly distributed lopping of the target ball (4) point It is not fixed on the benchmark position, the weak part and the moving part, the laser tracker (6) measures target ball (4) Position.
2. six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that Further include basic platform (1), bent plate (2) and tripod (7), the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot (3) by screw with it is described curved Plate (2) connection, the bent plate (2) are fixed by screws on the basic platform (1), and the laser tracker (6) is erected at institute It states on tripod (7), the tripod (7) is fixed on the basic platform (1).
3. six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that The kinematic pair of every branch from the fixed platform (32) to the moving platform (34) is respectively typed ball bearing pair, sliding pair, typed ball bearing pair.
4. six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: The target ball (4) is divided into three groups, respectively includes benchmark target ball (4a), activity target ball (4c) and weak link target ball (4b).
5. six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that At least three target ball of benchmark target ball (4a), is fixed on the benchmark position.
6. six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that At least three target ball of activity target ball (4c), is fixed in the moving part.
7. six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that At least six target ball of weak link target ball (4b), is fixed on the weak part.
8. six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that The frame of reference { B } is established in the center of the benchmark target ball (4a).
9. six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that Moving platform coordinate system { D0 } is established in activity target ball (4c) center.
10. the survey of the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot rigidity weak link apparatus for quantitatively as described in claim 1~9 is any Method for testing, which comprises the steps of:
Step S10: by target ball (4) be separately fixed at benchmark position, the moving part of tested six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot (3) with And on weak part;
Step S20: benchmark target ball (4a) of laser tracker (6) test setting on the benchmark position is used, calculates three The position at a target ball center is established the frame of reference { B }, and the initial position of six lower end spherical hinges is calculated according to geometrical model The initial position co-ordinates Qu0 of coordinate Qd0 and six upper end spherical hinges;
Step S30: it using activity target ball (4c) of the laser tracker (6) test setting in the moving part, calculates Moving platform coordinate system { D0 } is established in the position at three target ball centers out, calculates six-degree-of-freedom parallel device (3) initial shape Position P0 and posture R0 of the moving platform (34) relative to the frame of reference under state;
Step S40: using weak link target ball (4b) of the laser tracker (6) test setting on the weak part, The position for calculating six target ball centers calculates the lower six lower end balls of the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot (3) original state The position Q0 of hinge;
Step S50: adding loading blocks (5) on the moving platform (34) of the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot (3), makes described dynamic Platform (34) generates rigid deformation, and the ball of the activity target ball (4c) and the weak link target ball (4b) is retested after stablizing Heart position, obtain the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot (3) in the loaded state the moving platform (34) relative to reference coordinate The position P1 and posture R1 of system and the position Q1 of six lower end spherical hinges;
Step S60: when calculating the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot (3) application load, the change in location of the moving platform (34) For and attitudes vibration are as follows: △ P=P1-P0, △ R=R1-R0;△ P and △ R are the six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot (3) Whole rigid deformation;
Step S70: it calculates after applying load, the new position coordinates of six lower end spherical hinges are as follows: Qdnew=Qd0+Q1-Q0;
Step S80: gone out only as caused by spherical hinge change in location according to the computation of inverse- kinematics of six-degree-of-freedom parallel robot (3) Moving platform (34) rigid deformation △ Pq and the △ Rq;
Step S90: quantitative to calculate only moving platform (34) rigid deformation the △ Pq and △ as caused by weak link change in location The ratio of Rq and whole rigid deformation, obtain influence value Kp=△ Pq/ △ P, KR=△ Rq/ △ R.
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