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CN109543241B - Automatic identification method for standard normal mode of brake disc - Google Patents

Automatic identification method for standard normal mode of brake disc Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109543241B
CN109543241B CN201811279462.6A CN201811279462A CN109543241B CN 109543241 B CN109543241 B CN 109543241B CN 201811279462 A CN201811279462 A CN 201811279462A CN 109543241 B CN109543241 B CN 109543241B
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edge
edge grid
axis
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CN109543241A (en
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邵立
张永祥
刘东东
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Wanxiang Intelligent Manufacturing Co ltd
Wanxiang Group Corp
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Wanxiang Group Corp
Zhejiang Wanxiang System Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a brake disc standard normal mode automatic identification method, which comprises the steps of firstly judging edge grid nodes of a brake disc, and reading displacement values of the edge grid nodes from a pch result file; secondly, primarily distinguishing normal mode from non-normal mode by counting absolute displacement of edge grid nodes in the X, Y, Z axial direction; then, determining whether the model is a standard model or not and calculating the model order by analyzing the displacement distribution form of the edge grid nodes in the normal direction; and finally, visually displaying the mode thumbnail. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: in the brake disc modal analysis, objective evaluation standards are used for replacing the supervisor evaluation standards, so that the uniqueness of the evaluation standards is ensured, the automation of the brake disc modal analysis is improved, and the workload of designers is reduced.

Description

Automatic identification method for standard normal mode of brake disc
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of brake discs, in particular to an automatic identification method for a standard normal mode of a brake disc.
Background
The literature "simulation analysis of the influence of the geometrical characteristics of a brake disc on the structural modal characteristics [ J ]. System simulation report, 2009, 21 (19): 6256-6259" discloses a method for analyzing the influence of the geometrical characteristics of a brake disc on the structural modal characteristics. According to the method, an ANSYS finite element model of the brake disc is firstly established, and then the influence of the changes of the diameter and the height of the mounting boss, the diameter and the thickness of the disc body and the distribution density of the radiating spokes on the front seven-order free and constraint circumferential modal frequencies is quantitatively analyzed on the basis that the model is verified to be correct by using test modal analysis results.
According to the method, standard modes are selected from finite element analysis results by means of designer interaction, the influence of geometric characteristics on the characteristics of the result modes is analyzed according to the standard modes and the corresponding mode frequencies, and automatic standard mode extraction cannot be achieved.
In the traditional normal standard mode extraction process of the brake disc, a designer needs to input finite element analysis parameters step by step, wait for finite element analysis results, then review the analysis result graphs one by one, pick out standard modes from the analysis result graphs and record corresponding frequencies; and then verifying the correctness of the design model by using the selected modal analysis result. And when the verification result shows that the model does not meet the design requirement, the designer modifies the model to continue to repeat the operation until the model meets the design requirement. In the process, a designer needs to compare standard modes and record corresponding frequencies, and the standard mode is judged to be different due to personal subjective reasons, and error frequency values are easy to record, so that the frequency values cannot accurately reflect design results, and further, the brake disc which does not meet design requirements enters a manufacturing stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an automatic identification method for the standard normal mode of a brake disc, which is used for automatically obtaining the standard normal mode of the brake disc and visually displaying the standard normal mode by pictures; in the brake disc modal analysis, objective evaluation standards are used for replacing the supervisor evaluation standards, so that the uniqueness of the evaluation standards is ensured, the automation of the brake disc modal analysis is improved, and the workload of designers is reduced.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme. The method comprises the steps of firstly judging edge grid nodes of a brake disc, and reading displacement values of the edge grid nodes from a pch result file; secondly, primarily distinguishing normal mode from non-normal mode by counting absolute displacement of edge grid nodes in the X, Y, Z axial direction; then, determining whether the model is a standard model or not and calculating the model order by analyzing the displacement distribution form of the edge grid nodes in the normal direction; and finally, visually displaying the mode thumbnail.
Preferably, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: position adjustment is carried out on the three-dimensional model of the brake disc, so that the normal direction of the brake disc is parallel to the Y-axis direction and points to the boss; writing density massDegrees, young's modulus you modules, poisson's ratio poisson ratio, number of modes, mesh size meshValue and mesh type meshType in a text file, automatically importing a three-dimensional model by a program, reading text file parameter values, and automatically completing mesh division by NX NASTRAN;
step 2: obtaining all grid nodes and coordinate points of the nodes on X, Y, Z axes from a brake disc finite element model, wherein the grid node set is expressed as:
Figure GDA0004218140990000021
Figure GDA0004218140990000022
wherein n is 1 Representing the total number of grid nodes; node i Representing an ith mesh node; id (id) i Representing the unique identification number of the ith node in the model;
Figure GDA0004218140990000023
respectively representing coordinate points of the ith node on the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis;
traversing computing grid node i The distance between the E Node and the center point cp of the brake disc is calculated as follows:
Figure GDA0004218140990000024
wherein x is cp 、z cp Respectively representing coordinate points of a center point cp of the brake disc on an X axis and a Z axis;
determining distance i Radius r from the disc, if distance i =r, then this grid node is denoted as an edge grid node, and the set of edge grid nodes is denoted as:
Figure GDA0004218140990000025
wherein n is 2 Representing the total number of edge grid nodes;
traversing edge grid node_edge i E, node_edge, obtaining the maximum coordinate value Y of the edge grid on the Y axis max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Judging
Figure GDA0004218140990000026
And y is max If->
Figure GDA0004218140990000027
Reserving the grid node, otherwise removing; finally, an edge grid node set of a certain disc surface is obtained through calculation, wherein the edge grid node set is expressed as:
Figure GDA0004218140990000028
wherein n is 3 Representing the total number of edge grid nodes of a certain disc surface;
step 3: sorting the grid nodes according to the angle values; computing edge grid node_edge face i Angle θ of e node_edge i If the Z-axis coordinate value of the edge grid node
Figure GDA0004218140990000029
The angle calculation formula is as follows:
Figure GDA00042181409900000210
if the Z-axis coordinate value of the edge grid node
Figure GDA00042181409900000211
The angle calculation formula is as follows:
Figure GDA00042181409900000212
edge grid nodes are according to angle value theta i Arranging from small to large forms a circumferentially distributed set of edge grid nodes, expressed as:
Figure GDA00042181409900000213
step 4: according to the parameter values of the text file, NX NASTRAN automatically completes the calculation of the modes and outputs a pch result file, wherein the pch file contains displacement values of all grid nodes in each mode on a X, Y, Z shaft;
step 5: according to the pch file and the edge grid Node set node_order, reading displacement values of edge grid nodes on X, Y, Z axes in each mode from the pch file, and then representing the edge grid nodes of all modes as:
FNode={FNode 1 ,…,FNode k ,…,FNode number }
Figure GDA0004218140990000031
fnode ki (id i ,xk i ,yk i ,zk i )
in the Fnode k An edge mesh node representing a kth modality; fnode ki Representing an ith node in a kth modality; id (id) i The unique identification number of the ith node is represented, and the serial number value of the unique identification number is unchanged in different modes; x is x ki 、y ki 、z ki Respectively representing the displacement value of the ith node in the kth mode on the X, Y, Z axis;
step 6: statistics of Fnode k And calculating the ratio value of the normal displacement vector in the total displacement vector to preliminarily judge whether the kth mode is the normal mode or not according to the absolute displacement on the X, Y, Z axis, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0004218140990000032
Figure GDA0004218140990000033
Figure GDA0004218140990000034
Figure GDA0004218140990000035
wherein Deltax is k 、Δy k 、Δz k Absolute displacement statistics of the kth mode at X, Y, Z axis are respectively represented; alpha k Representing the ratio value of normal statistical displacement in the kth mode in the total displacement, wherein the ratio value is [0,1];
When alpha is k When the value is larger than a certain threshold value, the mode is primarily judged to be a normal mode;
step 7: when the mode is a normal mode, further judging whether the mode is a standard normal mode; acquiring the node angle and Y-axis displacement partition condition of an edge grid in a kth mode, and counting the positive and negative change amount of a Y-axis displacement value along the angle to determine the order of the kth mode; the order of the kth mode is larger than or equal to the order of the front standard normal mode, the kth mode is considered to be the standard normal mode, otherwise, the kth mode is considered to be the nonstandard mode;
step 8: after all normal standard modes are calculated, taking the frequency maximum value for the modes with the same order; and automatically deriving a corresponding standard normal mode thumbnail from the NX NASTRAN, and naming the picture according to the mode sequence number, the order and the frequency, so that a designer can intuitively obtain the order and the frequency data by checking the thumbnail.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: in the optimal design of the brake disc, modal analysis needs to be carried out again due to the change of the geometric characteristic parameters of the brake disc. In the conventional modal analysis process, a designer needs to repeatedly input parameters and select a standard normal mode. By adopting the method, only the geometric characteristic parameters of the brake disc are required to be modified, the program automatically reads the parameter values in the original text, and then automatically calculates, judges and outputs the standard normal mode, thereby providing a technical basis for the automatic optimal design of the brake disc.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of brake disk edge grid nodes and angles;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the normal mode edge node angle-Y-axis displacement of the brake disc; (a) a brake disc model schematic; (b) edge node Y-axis displacement partition morphology schematics;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of an embodiment;
the results of the embodiment of fig. 5 show a schematic.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a brake disc standard normal mode automatic identification method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: position adjustment is carried out on the three-dimensional model of the brake disc, so that the normal direction of the brake disc is parallel to the Y-axis direction and points to the boss; in the text file, density map, young's modulus you modules, poisson's ratio poisson ratio, number of modes, mesh size meshValue, and mesh type meshType are written. The program automatically imports the three-dimensional model and reads the text file parameter values, and the NX NASTRAN automatically completes the grid division.
Step 2: obtaining all grid nodes and coordinate points of the nodes on X, Y, Z axes from a brake disc finite element model, wherein the grid node set is expressed as:
Figure GDA0004218140990000041
Figure GDA0004218140990000042
wherein n is 1 Representing the total number of grid nodes; node i Representing an ith mesh node; id (id) i Representing the unique identification number of the ith node in the model;
Figure GDA0004218140990000043
and respectively representing coordinate points of the ith node on the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis.
Traversing computing grid node i The distance between the E Node and the center point cp of the brake disc is calculated as follows:
Figure GDA0004218140990000044
wherein x is cp 、z cp And respectively represent coordinate points of the center point cp of the brake disc on the X axis and the Z axis.
Determining distance i Radius r from the disc, if distance i =r, then this grid node is denoted as an edge grid node, and the set of edge grid nodes is denoted as:
Figure GDA0004218140990000045
wherein n is 2 Representing the total number of edge grid nodes.
Traversing edge grid node_edge i E, node_edge, obtaining the maximum coordinate value Y of the edge grid on the Y axis max . Judging
Figure GDA0004218140990000051
And y is max If->
Figure GDA0004218140990000052
The mesh node is retained, otherwise removed. Finally, an edge grid node set of a certain disc surface is obtained through calculation, wherein the edge grid node set is expressed as:
Figure GDA0004218140990000053
wherein n is 3 The total number of edge grid nodes of a certain disk surface is shown, and specifically, reference is made to fig. 2.
Step 3: and ordering the grid nodes according to the angle values. Computing edge grid node_edge face i Angle θ of e node_edge i If the Z-axis coordinate value of the edge grid node
Figure GDA0004218140990000054
The angle calculation formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0004218140990000055
if the Z-axis coordinate value of the edge grid node
Figure GDA0004218140990000056
The angle calculation formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0004218140990000057
edge grid nodes are according to angle value theta i Arranging from small to large forms a circumferentially distributed set of edge grid nodes, expressed as:
Figure GDA0004218140990000058
step 4: according to the parameter values of the text file, NX NASTRAN automatically completes the calculation of the modes, and outputs a pch result file, wherein the pch file contains displacement values of all grid nodes in each mode on a X, Y, Z axis.
Step 5: according to the pch file and the edge grid node set Orde_Order, reading the displacement value of the edge grid node on the X, Y, Z axis in each mode from the pch file, and then the edge grid nodes of all modes are expressed as:
FNode={FNode 1 ,…,FNode k ,…,FNode number }
Figure GDA0004218140990000059
fnode ki (id i ,xk i ,yk i ,zk i )
in the Fnode k An edge mesh node representing a kth modality; fnode ki Representing an ith node in a kth modality; id (id) i The unique identification number of the ith node is represented, and the serial number value of the unique identification number is unchanged in different modes; x is x ki 、y ki 、z ki Representing the displacement value of the ith node in the kth mode on the X, Y, Z axis, respectively.
Step 6: statistics of Fnode k And calculating the ratio value of the normal displacement vector in the total displacement vector to preliminarily judge whether the kth mode is the normal mode or not according to the absolute displacement on the X, Y, Z axis, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0004218140990000061
Figure GDA0004218140990000062
Figure GDA0004218140990000063
Figure GDA0004218140990000064
wherein Deltax is k 、Δy k 、Δz k Absolute displacement statistics of the kth mode at X, Y, Z axis are respectively represented; alpha k Representing the ratio value of normal statistical displacement in the kth mode in the total displacement, wherein the ratio value is [0,1]。
When alpha is k The larger the value, the larger the normal displacement duty cycle of the mode, thereby indicating that the mode is a normal mode. When alpha is k And when the value is larger than a certain threshold value, primarily judging the mode as a normal mode.
Step 7: when the mode is a normal mode, whether the mode is a standard normal mode is further judged. Referring to fig. 3, the node angle and Y-axis displacement partition condition of the edge grid in the kth mode is obtained, and the positive and negative change amount of the Y-axis displacement value along the angle is counted to determine the order of the kth mode. The order of the kth mode is larger than or equal to the order of the front standard normal mode, the kth mode is considered as the standard normal mode, otherwise, the kth mode is considered as the nonstandard mode.
Step 8: and after all normal standard modes are calculated, taking the frequency maximum value for the modes with the same order. And automatically deriving a corresponding standard normal mode thumbnail from the NX NASTRAN, and naming the picture according to the mode sequence number, the order and the frequency, so that a designer can intuitively obtain the order and the frequency data by checking the thumbnail.
Examples:
step 1: straightening a brake disc three-dimensional model with the radius of 146mm along the Y-axis direction, and particularly referring to FIG. 4; massDesity, yoingsModulus, poissonsRatio, number, meshValue, meshType parameter data was entered in the text as shown in table 1. And automatically importing the three-dimensional model into an NX system, and assigning the text parameter data to the NX NASTRAN.
Table 1: modal parameter table
Figure GDA0004218140990000065
Figure GDA0004218140990000071
Step 2: the NX NASTRAN performs meshing on the three-dimensional model of the brake disc,adding all grid nodes to Node, wherein the total number of grid nodes of the model is n 1 10464. Calculating distance value distance from grid node to center point cp of brake disc i Distance is measured i Grid nodes equal to the radius r of the brake disc are added to node_edge, and the total number n of the grid nodes is 2 464. Traversing node_edge, judging the maximum coordinate value Y on the Y axis max =17.05; let the Y coordinate value of grid node equal to Y max Added to node_edge, its total number of grid nodes n 3 116.
Step 3: calculating the angle theta of each grid Node in node_edge i And are arranged according to the Order of the sizes to form an edge grid Node set node_order distributed along the circumference.
Step 4: and on the basis of grid division, automatically completing modal calculation according to variable parameter values in the text file by using NX NASTRAN, and outputting a pch result file.
Step 5: according to the pch file and the edge grid Node set node_order, the displacement value of the edge grid Node on the X, Y, Z axis in each mode is read from the pch file, and the read data is added to the Fnode.
Step 6: statistics of absolute displacement value Deltax of kth modality on X, Y, Z axis k 、Δy k 、Δz k Calculating a ratio value alpha k . The invention uses the ratio value alpha k >And the mode of 0.5 is preliminarily judged to be the normal mode. As shown in table 2, 68 of the 150 modes are normal modes.
Table 2: normal mode and ratio value alpha k Watch (watch)
Figure GDA0004218140990000072
Figure GDA0004218140990000081
Step 7: and judging whether the normal mode is a standard normal mode or not. And calculating the modal order according to the displacement partition condition of the edge grid nodes in the Y-axis. The standard normal mode is recorded from the order of 2, and the order of the kth mode is larger than or equal to the order of the front standard normal mode. As shown in table 3, 28 of the 68 normal modes are standard normal modes.
Table 3: standard normal mode and corresponding order table
Figure GDA0004218140990000082
Step 8: in the standard normal mode, the frequency maximum is taken for the same order. In the modal calculation analysis, the frequency is higher as the k value is higher, so the same order takes the maximum value of the k value. Finally, taking k values of 8, 11, 17, 24, 31, 41, 50, 61, 74, 83, 97, 117, 129 and 149 as standard normal modes, automatically leading out corresponding mode thumbnails from NX NASTRAN, and naming pictures according to the k values, the orders and the frequencies. As shown in fig. 5, "8_2_1111" means that the 8 th mode is a standard normal mode, and the order and frequency distribution thereof are 2 and 1111.
By adopting the method, a designer can automatically obtain the standard normal mode of the brake disc by only correcting the three-dimensional model of the brake disc and inputting parameter values in a text when analyzing the mode of the brake disc, and the standard normal mode is intuitively displayed by pictures. The method and the device avoid that a designer inputs parameters one by one in an NX software interface, after the modal analysis is completed, the modal results are checked one by one, the standard mode is selected from the modal results, and the frequency value corresponding to the standard mode is recorded, so that the designer is released from repetitive work.
It should be understood that equivalents and modifications to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.

Claims (1)

1. A brake disc standard normal mode automatic identification method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly judging edge grid nodes of a brake disc, and reading displacement values of the edge grid nodes from a pch result file; secondly, primarily distinguishing normal mode from non-normal mode by counting absolute displacement of edge grid nodes in the X, Y, Z axial direction; then, determining whether the model is a standard model or not and calculating the model order by analyzing the displacement distribution form of the edge grid nodes in the normal direction; finally, visually displaying the mode thumbnail;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: position adjustment is carried out on the three-dimensional model of the brake disc, so that the normal direction of the brake disc is parallel to the Y-axis direction and points to the boss; writing density massDegrees, young's modulus you modules, poisson's ratio poisson ratio, number of modes, mesh size meshValue and mesh type meshType in a text file, automatically importing a three-dimensional model by a program, reading text file parameter values, and automatically completing mesh division by NX NASTRAN;
step 2: obtaining all grid nodes and coordinate points of the nodes on X, Y, Z axes from a brake disc finite element model, wherein the grid node set is expressed as:
Figure FDA0004218140980000011
Figure FDA0004218140980000012
wherein n is 1 Representing the total number of grid nodes; node i Representing an ith mesh node; id (id) i Representing the unique identification number of the ith node in the model;
Figure FDA0004218140980000013
respectively representing coordinate points of the ith node on the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis;
traversing computing grid node i The distance between the E Node and the center point cp of the brake disc is calculated as follows:
Figure FDA0004218140980000014
wherein x is cp 、z cp Respectively representing coordinate points of a center point cp of the brake disc on an X axis and a Z axis;
determining distance i Radius r from the disc, if distance i =r, then this grid node is denoted as an edge grid node, and the set of edge grid nodes is denoted as:
Figure FDA0004218140980000015
wherein n is 2 Representing the total number of edge grid nodes;
traversing edge grid node_edge i E, node_edge, obtaining the maximum coordinate value Y of the edge grid on the Y axis max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Judging
Figure FDA0004218140980000016
And y is max If->
Figure FDA0004218140980000017
Reserving the grid node, otherwise removing; finally, an edge grid node set of a certain disc surface is obtained through calculation, wherein the edge grid node set is expressed as:
Figure FDA0004218140980000018
wherein n is 3 Representing the total number of edge grid nodes of a certain disc surface;
step 3: sorting the grid nodes according to the angle values; computing edge grid node_edge face i Angle θ of e node_edge i If the Z-axis coordinate value of the edge grid node
Figure FDA0004218140980000019
The angle calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0004218140980000021
if the Z-axis coordinate value of the edge grid node
Figure FDA0004218140980000022
The angle calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0004218140980000023
edge grid nodes are according to angle value theta i Arranging from small to large forms a circumferentially distributed set of edge grid nodes, expressed as:
Figure FDA0004218140980000024
step 4: according to the parameter values of the text file, NX NASTRAN automatically completes the calculation of the modes and outputs a pch result file, wherein the pch file contains displacement values of all grid nodes in each mode on a X, Y, Z shaft;
step 5: according to the pch file and the edge grid Node set node_order, reading displacement values of edge grid nodes on X, Y, Z axes in each mode from the pch file, and then representing the edge grid nodes of all modes as:
FNode={FNode 1 ,…,FNode k ,…,FNode number }
Figure FDA0004218140980000025
fnode ki (id i ,x ki ,y ki ,z ki )
in the Fnode k An edge mesh node representing a kth modality; fnode ki Representing in the kth modalityIs the i-th node of (a); id (id) i The unique identification number of the ith node is represented, and the serial number value of the unique identification number is unchanged in different modes; x is x ki 、y ki 、z ki Respectively representing the displacement value of the ith node in the kth mode on the X, Y, Z axis;
step 6: statistics of Fnode k And calculating the ratio value of the normal displacement vector in the total displacement vector to preliminarily judge whether the kth mode is the normal mode or not according to the absolute displacement on the X, Y, Z axis, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0004218140980000026
Figure FDA0004218140980000027
Figure FDA0004218140980000028
Figure FDA0004218140980000029
wherein Deltax is k 、Δy k 、Δz k Absolute displacement statistics of the kth mode at X, Y, Z axis are respectively represented; alpha k Representing the ratio value of normal statistical displacement in the kth mode in the total displacement, wherein the ratio value is [0,1];
When alpha is k When the value is larger than the threshold value, preliminarily judging the mode as a normal mode;
step 7: when the mode is a normal mode, further judging whether the mode is a standard normal mode; acquiring the node angle and Y-axis displacement partition condition of an edge grid in a kth mode, and counting the positive and negative change amount of a Y-axis displacement value along the angle to determine the order of the kth mode; the order of the kth mode is larger than or equal to the order of the front standard normal mode, the kth mode is considered to be the standard normal mode, otherwise, the kth mode is considered to be the nonstandard mode;
step 8: after all normal standard modes are calculated, taking the frequency maximum value for the modes with the same order; and automatically deriving a corresponding standard normal mode thumbnail from the NX NASTRAN, and naming the picture according to the mode sequence number, the order and the frequency, so that a designer can intuitively obtain the order and the frequency data by checking the thumbnail.
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