CN109534865A - High nutrient content organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof for organic paddy rice plantation - Google Patents
High nutrient content organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof for organic paddy rice plantation Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high nutrient content organic fertilizers and preparation method thereof for organic paddy rice plantation, the preparation method includes the following steps: that soy sauce residues and cow dung, shrimp med are mixed to get mixed material by (1), the moisture content of the mixed material is 55%-65%, and the total carbon content and total nitrogen content ratio of the mixed material are 20-35:1；(2) the resulting mixed material of step (1) is inoculated with aerobic fermentation bacterium, carries out aerobic fermentation.The present invention has been significantly shorter the fermentation period in organic fertilizer preparation process, effectively improves the quality of composting production, and organic fertilizer obtained can effectively improve the quality and yield of rice.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high nutrient content organic fertilizers and preparation method thereof for organic paddy rice plantation.
Background technique
China's chemical fertilizer, which is excessively used, brings the Varied problems such as agricultural environment pollution, cultivated land degradation, and the Ministry of Agriculture starts organic
Fertile replacing fertilizer action plan, it is intended to be increase soil fertility by reducing chemical fertilizer application, increase organic fertilizer, promote agricultural production
Product quality.Organic agriculture is the Agriculture Production Modes of necessary application of organic fertilizers material, is original with agroecological environment coordinated development
Then, biology and its product, artificial synthesized chemical pesticide, chemical fertilizer, growth regulator and the feeding of genetic engineering acquisition are forbidden to use
The substances such as feed additives.Based on the above background, developing high nutrient (NPK) content organic fertilizer is current main of Organic fertilizer industry
Research direction makes nutrient more because high nutrient (NPK) content organic fertilizer can effectively improve soil water solubility nutrient content
It is easy to be absorbed and used by plants, to realize that the yield and quality of plant is promoted, and can satisfy plant to the need of nutrient
It asks, applying quantity of chemical fertilizer can be effectively reduced.However the preparation process of current high nutrient content organic fertilizer is relatively immature, leads
Cause quality of compost products poor, be mainly manifested in: (1) fermentation calefaction is more difficult；(2) fermentation time is long, universal aerobic fermentation week
Phase is 45-60 days；(3) fermentation time length causes nutrient especially nitrogen loss larger；(4) fermentation is insufficient causes compost to produce
Product nutrient content is lower.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high nutrient content organic fertilizer for organic paddy rice plantation and its production sides
It is the problems such as method, the preparation process fermentation calefaction for solving existing organic fertilizer is more difficult, fermentation period is long, compost quality is poor, bright
The aobvious fermentation period shortened in organic fertilizer preparation process effectively improves the quality of composting production, organic fertilizer obtained
The quality and yield of rice can be effectively improved.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
On the one hand, the present invention provides it is a kind of for organic paddy rice plantation high nutrient content organic fertilizer preparation method,
Include the following steps:
(1) soy sauce residues and cow dung, shrimp med are mixed to get mixed material, the moisture content of the mixed material is 55%-
65%, the total carbon content and total nitrogen content ratio of the mixed material are 20-35:1；
(2) the resulting mixed material of step (1) is inoculated with aerobic fermentation bacterium, carries out aerobic fermentation.
Further, in the mixed material, the weight ratio of cow dung, soy sauce residues and shrimp med is 20:40:40.It matches herein
Under, it is more favorable for the zymotechnique of mixed material, and keep the total nutrient content of composting production best.
Further, the moisture content of the mixed material is 60%, the total carbon content and total nitrogen content of the mixed material
Than for 25:1.Under this condition, mixed material is more conducive to ferment.
Further, on the basis of the weight of the mixed material, the inoculum concentration of the aerobic fermentation bacterium is 0.1-0.5
Weight %.Control fermentation time and compost quality in preferred range.
Further, on the basis of the weight of the mixed material, the inoculum concentration of the aerobic fermentation bacterium is 0.2 weight
Measure %.Control fermentation time and compost quality in optimum range.
Further, the aerobic fermentation bacterium is VT microbial bacterial agent.
Further, the soy sauce residues pass through comminution pretreatment, and the partial size of smashed soy sauce residues is 0.1-2cm.
Further, in the step (2), the aerobic fermentation uses strip style composting technology, the time of the fermentation
It is 22-28 days.
Further, during the aerobic fermentation, when heap body core temperature is greater than or equal to 50 DEG C, 2~3 days
Turning is primary, and turning 3~4 times.The maximum temperature and high-temperature duration of compost megathermal period can be effectively improved.
Further, during the aerobic fermentation, heap body core temperature is the megathermal period when being 55-65 DEG C, the height
Warm duration phase is 10-15 days.Nitrogen loss can be reduced, keeps prepared organic fertilizer total nutrient content best.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides high nutrient content organic fertilizers prepared by above-mentioned preparation method.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: pass through the mixture for obtaining cow dung, soy sauce residues and shrimp med according to a certain ratio
Material carries out aerobic fermentation and prepares organic fertilizer, and fermentation time was controlled at about 25 days, traditional organic fertilizer composting technology is compared to
45-60 days fermentation times, it will be apparent that shorten fermentation time, the area in fermentation place is greatly saved；On the other hand, have
The maximum temperature and high-temperature duration for improving the compost megathermal period of effect, reduce the denitrification in composting process,
Reduce Ammonia valatilization, reduce nitrogen loss, effectively improves the quality of composting production, it is produced by the present invention organic
Fertile total nutrient (NPK) content is up to 12% or more.Rice is a kind of pair of biggish cereal crops of nitrogen demand, applies this hair
After the bright high nutrient content organic fertilizer being prepared into, requirement of the Rice Cropping to nitrogen, and the organic matter in organic fertilizer can satisfy
Soil microbe quantity and activity can be promoted, increasing can be by the NPK nutrient content that rice absorbing utilizes, water in soil
Amino acid, valine, isoleucine, leucine content effectively improve in rice seed, and it is left that amylose in rice improves 5%
The right side, protein content improve 10% or so, and average product improves 15% or more.
The above description is only an overview of the technical scheme of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention,
And can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, detailed description is as follows below.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention is furthur described in detail.Following embodiment is used for
Illustrate the present invention, but is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one
200kg cow dung, 400kg shrimp med and 400kg soy sauce residues are mixed to get mixed material, wherein soy sauce residues pass through powder
Broken pretreatment, the partial sizes of smashed soy sauce residues are 0.1-1.5cm, and the moisture content of mixed material is 60%, total carbon content and total
Nitrogen content ratio is 25:1, and VT microbial bacterial agent is added according to the 0.2% of the weight of mixed material, carries out aerobic fermentation.Mixture
Material heap into strips or it is trapezoidal ferment, into strips such as heap, then a height of 70-80cm of heap, the wide 120-150cm in bottom, length is not
Limit, such as piles trapezoidal, then a height of 45-50cm of heap, length and width are unlimited.In aerobic fermentation composting process, temperature of charge should be observed
Variation, when material heap body core temperature rises to 50 DEG C or more, every turning in 2~3 days is primary, and material is worked as in continuous turning 3~4 times
Heap body core temperature is the megathermal period when being 55-65 DEG C, and duration megathermal period is 12 days, and the aerobic fermentation time is 25 days.It is good
After the completion of aerobe fermentation passes through 25 days, obtained high nutrient content organic fertilizer, pH value 7.9, the content of organic matter 46.23%,
Total nitrogen content is 4.58%, and content of tatal phosphorus is 3.36% (P2O5), full potassium content is 4.59% (K2O), germination index reaches
94.26%.
Embodiment two
Cow dung, shrimp med and soy sauce residues are mixed to get mixed material, wherein soy sauce residues pass through comminution pretreatment, after crushing
The partial sizes of soy sauce residues be 1.5-2cm, the moisture content of mixed material is 55%, and total carbon content and total nitrogen content ratio are 20:1, is pressed
VT microbial bacterial agent is added according to the 0.1% of the weight of mixed material, carries out aerobic fermentation.Mixed material heap is into strips or trapezoidal
It ferments, into strips such as heap, then a height of 70-80cm of heap, the wide 120-150cm in bottom, length is unlimited, such as piles trapezoidal, then heap
A height of 45-50cm, length and width are unlimited.In aerobic fermentation composting process, the variation of temperature of charge should be observed, when in material heap body
When heart temperature rises to 50 DEG C or more, every turning in 2~3 days is primary, continuous turning 3~4 times, when material heap body core temperature is 55-
It is the megathermal period at 65 DEG C, duration megathermal period is 10 days, and the aerobic fermentation time is 22 days.Aerobic fermentation was completed by 22 days
Afterwards, high nutrient content organic fertilizer is made.
Embodiment three
Cow dung, shrimp med and soy sauce residues are mixed to get mixed material, wherein soy sauce residues pass through comminution pretreatment, after crushing
The partial sizes of soy sauce residues be 0.5-1.5cm, the moisture content of mixed material is 65%, and total carbon content and total nitrogen content ratio are 35:1,
VT microbial bacterial agent is added according to the 0.5% of the weight of mixed material, carries out aerobic fermentation.Mixed material heap is into strips or terraced
Shape is fermented, and into strips such as heap, then a height of 70-80cm of heap, the wide 120-150cm in bottom, length is unlimited, such as pile it is trapezoidal, then
The a height of 45-50cm of heap, length and width are unlimited.In aerobic fermentation composting process, the variation of temperature of charge should be observed, when material heap body
When central temperature rises to 50 DEG C or more, every turning in 2~3 days is primary, continuous turning 3~4 times, when material heap body core temperature is
It is the megathermal period at 55-65 DEG C, duration megathermal period is 15 days, and the aerobic fermentation time is 28 days.Aerobic fermentation passes through 28 days
After the completion, high nutrient content organic fertilizer is made.
Example IV
Influence of the organic fertilizer for the high nutrient content that testing example one is prepared to paddy soil.
Field trial cell, which is arranged, recycles research institute experimental plot, field trial in Suzhou City of Jiangsu Province organic resource
Plot area is 48m2, it is meadow cinnamon for examination soil, is the height that embodiment one is prepared for examination fertilizer for studying object rice
The organic fertilizer of nutrient content arranges experimental plot test in random district's groups method.The method of Analysis On Physical And Chemical Property are as follows: complete
Using sour molten-anti-colorimetric method of molybdenum, organic matter measurement uses potassium bichromate titrimetric method for phosphorus measurement, and available potassium measurement uses acetic acid
Ammonium-flame spectrophotometer measurement.Test data is for statistical analysis using Excel 2007 and SPSS 17.0 (P < 0.05).
The influence of test process and Organic Manure on Soil physicochemical property is respectively as shown in following Tables 1 and 2s:
1 test process of table
The influence of 2 Organic Manure on Soil physicochemical property of table
| Processing | Organic matter (g/kg) | Full phosphorus (mg/kg) | Available potassium (mg/kg) |
| 1 | 27.23 | 168.42 | 227.84 |
| 2 | 23.26 | 179.94 | 228.92 |
| 3 | 36.43 | 186.29 | 231.84 |
| 4 | 32.95 | 185.83 | 224.72 |
| 5 | 28.56 | 171.19 | 218.93 |
| 6 | 24.15 | 155.64 | 209.83 |
As can be seen from the above Table 2, test process 1-4 all has preferable improving effect to soil physico-chemical property, increases
It is best to the improving effect of soil physico-chemical property in soil in nutrient content, especially test process 3, it is organic in soil
Matter, full phosphorus, available potassium content highest, respectively 36.43g/kg, 186.29mg/kg, 231.84mg/kg.
Embodiment five
Application effect of the organic fertilizer for the high nutrient content that testing example one is prepared on rice.
Experimental design is divided into 6 test process (same to example IV), and every kind of test process is repeated 3 times, random district's groups row
Column, field trial plot area are 48m2, influence of the organic fertilizer of different ratio to the sum of rice yield to rice quality be as follows
It states shown in table 3 and table 4:
Influence of 3 different tests of the table processing to rice yield
| Processing | Plant height (cm) | Spike number (ten thousand) | Mass of 1000 kernel (g) | Yield (kg) |
| 1 | 93.63 | 18.86 | 21.24 | 521.43 |
| 2 | 94.12 | 19.13 | 23.64 | 561.27 |
| 3 | 97.66 | 19.78 | 25.83 | 589.33 |
| 4 | 92.17 | 18.32 | 23.53 | 519.15 |
| 5 | 87.32 | 15.33 | 22.16 | 507.93 |
| 6 | 80.11 | 13.17 | 17.28 | 497.28 |
Influence of 4 different tests of the table processing to rice quality
| Processing | Coarse Rice Rate (%) | Polished rice rate (%) | Head rice rate (%) | Amylose (%) | Protein (%) |
| 1 | 82.51 | 74.62 | 44.52 | 25.13 | 8.21 |
| 2 | 81.49 | 74.82 | 45.49 | 25.24 | 8.45 |
| 3 | 81.19 | 75.51 | 45.92 | 25.84 | 8.72 |
| 4 | 83.92 | 74.11 | 44.15 | 24.89 | 8.33 |
| 5 | 82.64 | 74.16 | 44.03 | 24.81 | 8.03 |
| 6 | 82.98 | 73.28 | 43.68 | 24.72 | 7.98 |
The organic fertilizer of different ratio all has volume increase to rice yield in test process 1-4 it can be seen from above-mentioned table 3
Effect, wherein the rice yield highest of test process 3, rate of growth reach 18.51%.
The organic fertilizer of different ratio can significantly improve rice in test process 1-4 it can be seen from above-mentioned table 4
Quality, amylose and protein content in rice can be significantly improved after application of organic fertilizers, improve rice polished rice rate and
Head rice rate reduces the Coarse Rice Rate of rice, and wherein test process 3 is the most significant to the raising of rice quality.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Protect range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of the high nutrient content organic fertilizer for organic paddy rice plantation, which is characterized in that including walking as follows
It is rapid:
(1) soy sauce residues and cow dung, shrimp med are mixed to get mixed material, the moisture content of the mixed material is 55%-65%, institute
The total carbon content and total nitrogen content ratio for stating mixed material are 20-35:1；
(2) the resulting mixed material of step (1) is inoculated with aerobic fermentation bacterium, carries out aerobic fermentation.
2. a kind of preparation method of high nutrient content organic fertilizer for organic paddy rice plantation according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in the mixed material, the weight ratio of cow dung, soy sauce residues and shrimp med is 20:40:40.
3. a kind of preparation method of high nutrient content organic fertilizer for organic paddy rice plantation according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the moisture content of the mixed material is 60%, and the total carbon content and total nitrogen content ratio of the mixed material are 25:1.
4. a kind of preparation method of high nutrient content organic fertilizer for organic paddy rice plantation according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, on the basis of the weight of the mixed material, the inoculum concentration of the aerobic fermentation bacterium is 0.1-0.5 weight %.
5. a kind of preparation method of high nutrient content organic fertilizer for organic paddy rice plantation according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the aerobic fermentation bacterium is VT microbial bacterial agent.
6. a kind of preparation method of high nutrient content organic fertilizer for organic paddy rice plantation according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the soy sauce residues pass through comminution pretreatment, and the partial size of smashed soy sauce residues is 0.1-2cm.
7. a kind of preparation method of high nutrient content organic fertilizer for organic paddy rice plantation according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in the step (2), the aerobic fermentation uses strip style composting technology, and the time of the fermentation is 22-28
It.
8. a kind of preparation method of high nutrient content organic fertilizer for organic paddy rice plantation according to claim 7,
It being characterized in that, during the aerobic fermentation, when heap body core temperature is greater than or equal to 50 DEG C, turning in 2~3 days is primary,
Turning 3~4 times.
9. a kind of preparation method of high nutrient content organic fertilizer for organic paddy rice plantation according to claim 7,
It is characterized in that, during the aerobic fermentation, heap body core temperature is the megathermal period when being 55-65 DEG C, and the megathermal period continues
Time is 10-15 days.
10. high nutrient content organic fertilizer prepared by preparation method of any of claims 1-9.
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| CN112125750A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-25 | 中农新科(苏州)有机循环研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer for rice by combined composting of kitchen waste and sawdust |
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