CN109467269B - Sewage treatment device and method for sewage treatment by using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sewage treatment device and a method for treating sewage by using the same, wherein the device comprises: the aerobic biofilter is arranged in the barrel body, a water inlet hole is formed in the upper part of the barrel wall of the aerobic biofilter, and a ceramsite filter material is arranged in the aerobic biofilter; the cover body is covered on the barrel body, and a vent pipe communicated with the outside atmosphere is arranged on the cover body corresponding to the upper part of the facultative biological filter; the water dropping tank is communicated with the facultative biological filter to form a communicating vessel type structure, a siphon pipe for siphon drainage is arranged in the water dropping tank, and a drainage outlet of the siphon pipe extends out of the water dropping tank. The invention can automatically realize periodic drainage without power and energy consumption; the facultative biological filter tank water level automatically and periodically changes along with the water level of the water tank, when the water level falls, the wet ceramsite filter material with large specific surface area obviously increases the contact area with oxygen, can dissolve more oxygen, can forcibly discharge waste gas and absorb fresh oxygen, and has more and more sufficient dissolved oxygen, and the facultative reaction is strengthened.

Description

Sewage treatment device and method for sewage treatment by using same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a sewage treatment device and a method for treating sewage by using the same.

Background

Since scattered households and single-household residents in urban suburbs, particularly rural areas, are in remote areas and distributed dispersedly, domestic sewage generated by the scattered households and the single-household residents cannot be brought into a centralized domestic sewage treatment plant for treatment by arranging a sewage pipe network, so that the domestic sewage generated by the scattered households and the single-household residents is directly discharged into peripheral receiving water bodies, and the peripheral water bodies are seriously polluted, the development of the sewage treatment equipment for the scattered households and the single-household residents is particularly necessary.

The existing unpowered domestic sewage treatment device for scattered households is of a barrel-shaped structure, an inner barrel with a smaller diameter is arranged in the center of the barrel and is a clear water area, and aquatic plants are planted in the inner barrel; the annular area between the outer barrel and the inner barrel is divided into a plurality of purification areas with gradually reduced volume by partition boards with gradually reduced height, each purification area is provided with biological fillers, the upper parts of the purification areas are separated by the partition boards, and the lower parts of the purification areas are communicated; an annular water channel is arranged at the position of the barrel opening of the outer barrel, and a barrel cover is arranged at the top of the barrel. The domestic sewage enters a purification area with the largest volume after acquiring certain oxygen through the annular water channel, then falls from a large purification area with a high water level and flows into a small purification area with a low water level, and a part of oxygen can be acquired in the falling process; the domestic sewage can remove a part of scum and sediment through a labyrinth structure in the purification area once, and microorganisms attached to the biological filler in the purification area can further treat the sewage, and finally the sewage is discharged to a peripheral receiving water body after nitrogen and phosphorus are absorbed by aquatic plants in the clear water area.

However, because the sewage treatment device is provided with the barrel cover, oxygen in the barrel is little, waste gas such as methane and the like can be generated in the biochemical reaction process, and the waste gas can not be exchanged for external oxygen, so that the effect of dissolving oxygen in the annular water channel or in the falling of water flow is poor; and this kind of sewage treatment plant only relies on the baffle to filter sewage, and the filtering action is unreliable, and the filter effect is unsatisfactory.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a sewage treatment device and a method for treating sewage by using the same, which aim to solve the technical problem of poor oxygen dissolving effect of the conventional sewage treatment device.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a wastewater treatment plant comprising: the aerobic biofilter is arranged in the barrel body, a water inlet hole is formed in the upper part of the barrel wall of the aerobic biofilter, and a ceramsite filter material is arranged in the aerobic biofilter; the cover body is covered on the barrel body, and a vent pipe communicated with the outside atmosphere is arranged on the cover body corresponding to the upper part of the facultative biological filter; the falling water tank is communicated with the facultative biological filter to form a communicating vessel type structure, a siphon pipe for siphon drainage is arranged in the falling water tank, and a drainage outlet of the siphon pipe extends out of the falling water tank so as to be connected with the peripheral receiving water body.

Furthermore, the barrel body comprises an outer barrel and an inner barrel arranged in the outer barrel, a region between the outer barrel and the inner barrel is partitioned by a plurality of partition plates to form a pretreatment precipitation tank and a hydrolysis acidification tank which are sequentially communicated, a water inlet is formed in the corresponding wall of the outer barrel at the pretreatment precipitation tank, a biological elastic filler is arranged in the hydrolysis acidification tank, and a facultative biological filter tank communicated with the hydrolysis acidification tank through a water inlet hole formed in the wall of the inner barrel is arranged in the inner barrel; the cover body comprises a barrel cover and an access cover, wherein the barrel cover is arranged above an area between the outer barrel and the inner barrel in a covering mode, the access cover is arranged above the inner barrel in a covering mode and is convenient to open, and vent pipes communicated with the inside and the outside of the barrel are arranged on the access cover and the barrel cover respectively.

Furthermore, the area between the outer barrel and the inner barrel is divided by a plurality of clapboards to form a multi-stage pretreatment settling tank and a multi-stage hydrolysis acidification tank, wherein, the first stage pretreatment settling tank is communicated with the water inlet, the last stage hydrolysis acidification tank is communicated with the facultative biological filter through the water inlet hole, and except the clapboard between the last stage hydrolysis acidification tank and the first stage pretreatment settling tank, the other clapboards are respectively provided with water through holes for communicating two adjacent tanks; the partition plates are of integral sheet type structures, and the water through holes are formed in the middle parts of the corresponding partition plates; or the water through holes are formed in the bottoms of the corresponding partition plates; or, except that the partition board between the final stage hydrolysis acidification tank and the first stage pretreatment precipitation tank completely separates the last stage hydrolysis acidification tank from the first stage pretreatment precipitation tank, the rest partition boards are both composed of an upper partition board and a lower partition board, and a hole/space for water passing is formed between the upper partition board and the lower partition board.

Furthermore, the water falling box comprises a box body with an opening at the upper end and a box cover connected to the box body, and a vent pipe communicated with the inside and the outside of the box is arranged on the box cover.

Further, a water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the facultative biological filter; the water dropping tank is communicated with the water outlet through a communicating pipe; or the water dropping tank and the barrel wall of the facultative biological filter are integrally manufactured and are communicated by the water outlet.

Optionally, the barrel body comprises an outer barrel and an inner barrel arranged in the outer barrel, and the facultative biological filter is arranged in the inner barrel; the water dropping tank is fixed on the outer wall of the outer barrel through a bracket; or the water falling tank is arranged in the area between the outer barrel and the inner barrel.

Furthermore, the siphon comprises an inverted U-shaped pipe body, an inlet of the pipe body is positioned in the water dropping tank and is higher than the inner wall of the bottom of the water dropping tank, and a drainage outlet of the pipe body extends out of the water dropping tank and is lower than the bottom of the water dropping tank; the upper part of the inner cavity of the water falling tank is fixedly provided with a disinfection box for containing disinfectant, and the bottom of the disinfection box is provided with a medicine dissolving port close to the top bent section of the siphon pipe.

Furthermore, the filling height of the ceramsite filter material in the facultative biological filter is higher than or equal to the height of a siphon pipe in the downpipe tank; a plurality of ceramsite barrels for containing ceramsite filter materials are arranged in the facultative biological filter; the breather pipe is the form of buckling, and the opening of breather pipe is down.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a sewage treatment method using the above sewage treatment apparatus, comprising the steps of:

facultative filtration: the sewage enters the facultative biological filter, then enters pores of a ceramsite filter material and dissolves partial oxygen, and a biological membrane attached to the ceramsite filter material decomposes micromolecular organic matters in the sewage into waste gas; in the process that sewage continuously enters the facultative biological filter, the residual air and waste gas generated by the facultative reaction are extruded out by the vent pipe;

and (3) siphon drainage: the water after the facultative filtration treatment enters a water-falling tank, the water level of the water-falling tank is consistent with that of the facultative biological filter, when the water level in the water-falling tank exceeds the top of a siphon, a siphon phenomenon occurs, and the water in the water-falling tank is discharged from a drainage outlet through the siphon; in the process that the water level in the facultative biological filter falls back along with the water level in the water tank, the facultative biological filter sucks air from the outside through the vent pipe, so that part of oxygen is filled into the pores of the ceramsite filter material on the upper part.

Further, the sewage treatment method of the present invention further comprises the following steps before the facultative filtration step:

pre-treating the precipitate: carrying out precipitation treatment on at least part of heavy substances and blocking treatment on at least part of light substances in the domestic sewage;

hydrolysis and acidification: the sewage after the pretreatment and precipitation is hydrolyzed, acidified and decomposed into micromolecular organic matters by utilizing the biological elastic filler attached with the microbial film, and simultaneously, the phosphorus is released and the suspended matters in the water are reduced.

According to the sewage treatment device and the sewage treatment method using the same, the water dropping tank provided with the siphon is communicated with the facultative biological filter to form a communicating vessel type structure, and the device can automatically realize periodic drainage without power and energy consumption by means of siphonage; because of adopting the communicating vessel type structure, the water level of the facultative biological filter tank automatically and periodically changes along with the water level of the water tank, when the water level falls, the wet ceramsite filter material with large specific surface area obviously increases the contact area with oxygen, can dissolve more oxygen, and the facultative reaction is strengthened; because the upper part of the facultative biological filter is provided with the vent pipe communicated with the outside atmosphere, the facultative biological filter can forcibly discharge waste gas and absorb fresh oxygen under the action of the periodic change of the water level in the facultative biological filter, so that more and more oxygen is dissolved; the invention adopts the ceramsite with large porosity as the filter material, can effectively filter impurities such as sludge and the like, and is not easy to block.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a sewage treatment apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the bucket of FIG. 1 from another angle;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the sewage treatment apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the sewage treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 3 with a portion of the cover removed;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the sewage treatment apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a sewage treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a process flow diagram of a wastewater treatment process according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numbers illustrate:

1. a barrel body; 10. an outer tub; 100. a water inlet; 101. a first stage pretreatment settling tank; 102. a second stage pretreatment settling tank; 103. a third stage pretreatment settling tank; 104. a first stage hydrolysis acidification tank; 105. a second stage hydrolysis acidification tank; 106. a third stage hydrolysis acidification tank; 11. an inner barrel; 110. a water inlet hole; 12. a first separator; 120. a first water through hole; 13. a second separator; 130. a second water through hole; 14. a third partition plate; 140. a third water through hole; 15. a fourth separator; 150. a fourth water through hole; 16. a fifth partition plate; 160. a fifth water through hole; 17. a sixth partition plate;

2. a cover body; 20. a barrel cover; 21. an access cover; 22. a first vent pipe; 23. a second vent pipe;

3. a water tank falls; 30. a third vent pipe; 31. a siphon tube; 310. an inlet; 311. a drain outlet;

4. a facultative biological filter; 40. a water outlet; 41. filtering with ceramsite;

5. a bio-elastic filler; 6. a support; 7. a communicating pipe; 70. an outlet end; 71. an inlet end; 8. a sterilizing box; 80. and a medicine dissolving port.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an unpowered sewage treatment plant, which is particularly suitable for single-family and single-family residents in rural and suburban areas. The sewage treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises: the aerobic biofilter 4 is arranged in the barrel body 1, the upper part of the barrel wall of the aerobic biofilter 4 is provided with a water inlet hole 110, and a ceramsite filter material 41 is arranged in the aerobic biofilter 4; the cover body 2 is covered on the barrel body 1, and a vent pipe communicated with the outside atmosphere is arranged on the cover body 2 corresponding to the upper part of the facultative biological filter 4; the water dropping tank 3 is communicated with the facultative biological filter 4 to form a communicating vessel type structure, a siphon 31 for siphon drainage is arranged in the water dropping tank 3, and a drainage outlet 311 of the siphon 31 extends out of the water dropping tank 3 so as to be connected with the surrounding receiving water body. In the sewage treatment device, the drainage is realized by the siphon 31 arranged in the water falling tank 3, and an external water pump is not needed; the facultative biological filter 4 can automatically suck oxygen while discharging water, and can automatically discharge waste gas while feeding water without an external air pump.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 4, the tub 1 has a cylindrical structure in the preferred embodiment, but may have a rectangular or other shape in other embodiments.

The tub 1 includes an outer tub 10 and an inner tub 11 disposed in the outer tub 10. The area between the outer barrel 10 and the inner barrel 11 is divided by a plurality of partition boards to form a pretreatment settling tank and a hydrolysis acidification tank which are communicated in sequence. The corresponding outer barrel 10 wall of the pretreatment precipitation tank is provided with a water inlet 100, and the hydrolysis acidification tank is provided with a biological elastic filler 5. The inner barrel 11 is provided with a facultative biological filter 4 communicated with the hydrolytic acidification tank through a water inlet hole 110 arranged on the barrel wall of the inner barrel 11.

Referring to fig. 3, in the preferred embodiment, the region between the outer tub 10 and the inner tub 11 is partitioned by a plurality of partitions to form a three-stage pretreatment settling tank and a three-stage hydrolysis acidification tank. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of the pretreatment precipitation tank and the hydrolysis acidification tank can be set to one stage respectively, and can also be set to any suitable number. In this embodiment, a water inlet 100 is formed in the wall of the outer barrel 10 near the upper position corresponding to the first-stage pretreatment settling tank 101. The first-stage pretreatment precipitation tank 101 and the second-stage pretreatment precipitation tank 102 are separated by a first partition plate 12, and a first water through hole 120 is formed in the middle of the first partition plate 12. The second-stage pretreatment settling tank 102 and the third-stage pretreatment settling tank 103 are separated by a second partition plate 13, and a second water through hole 130 is formed in the middle of the second partition plate 13. The third-stage pretreatment precipitation tank 103 and the first-stage hydrolysis acidification tank 104 are separated by a third partition plate 14, and a third water passing hole 140 is formed in the middle of the third partition plate 14. The first stage hydrolysis acidification tank 104 and the second stage hydrolysis acidification tank 105 are separated by a fourth partition plate 15, and a fourth water passing hole 150 is formed in the middle of the fourth partition plate 15. The second stage hydrolysis acidification tank 105 and the third stage hydrolysis acidification tank 106 are separated by a fifth partition plate 16, and a fifth water through hole 160 is opened at the bottom of the fifth partition plate 16. The third stage hydrolysis acidification tank 106 and the first stage pretreatment precipitation tank 101 are separated by a sixth partition plate 17, and the sixth partition plate 17 is totally closed, i.e. is not provided with water through holes, so as to completely separate the third stage hydrolysis acidification tank 106 from the first stage pretreatment precipitation tank 101. And biological elastic fillers 5 are arranged in the third-stage hydrolysis acidification tanks.

In the preferred embodiment, each partition plate is of an integral structure, and the water through holes are formed in the middle of the corresponding partition plate. Or the water through holes are formed in the bottoms of the corresponding partition plates. In another embodiment, a labyrinth separator plate can be arranged between each stage of pretreatment precipitation tank and each stage of hydrolysis acidification tank: except that the partition board between the third stage hydrolysis acidification tank 106 and the first stage pretreatment precipitation tank 101 completely separates the two tanks, the other partition boards are of an upper-lower two-piece structure, namely, the upper partition board and the lower partition board form a hole/space for water passing between the upper partition board and the lower partition board. A water passing hole/space is formed in the middle of the partition plate, and the part of the partition plate above the water passing hole can separate light substances such as grease, floating vegetable leaves and other floating slag; the part of the clapboard, which is positioned below the water through holes, can precipitate the domestic sewage and remove heavy substances such as sand, bones and the like. For the same reason, a structure of a hole/space for water passing is formed between the upper partition and the lower partition, the lower partition can precipitate domestic sewage to remove heavy substances, and scum such as grease, floating vegetable leaves and the like is removed through the upper partition. In other embodiments, a combination of a separator with water holes and a separator of two-piece construction may also be used, and the invention is not limited thereto.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, an inner tub 11 is positioned at the center of an outer tub 10, in which the facultative biological filter 4 is located. The upper part of the barrel wall of the inner barrel 11 corresponding to the third stage hydrolysis acidification tank 106 is provided with a water inlet hole 110, and the third stage hydrolysis acidification tank 106 is communicated with the facultative biological filter 4 through the water inlet hole 110.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the bottom of the facultative biological filter 4 is provided with a water outlet 40. Specifically, the facultative biological filter 4 is separated by a support plate to form a filter material area and a clear water area which are arranged up and down. The support plate is used for supporting the ceramsite filter material 41 with large porosity. The wall of the clear water zone is provided with a water outlet 40. In order to facilitate the regular maintenance of the ceramsite, a plurality of ceramsite barrels for containing ceramsite filter materials 41 can be arranged in the facultative biological filter 4, so that the ceramsite can be taken out conveniently.

As shown in figure 1, the invention is also provided with a cover body 2 above the barrel body 1 to prevent rainwater and sundries from entering the barrel. Specifically, the lid body 2 includes a tub cover 20 provided over an area between the outer tub 10 and the inner tub 11, and an access cover 21 provided over the inner tub 11 to be easily opened. In this embodiment, the access cover 21 is correspondingly located above the facultative biological filter 4, so as to be beneficial to maintaining the inside ceramsite filter 41. The access cover 21 is positioned higher than the tub cover 20 so that the access cover 21 can be exposed to the ground when the entire sewage treatment apparatus is buried under the ground. The access cover 21 is also provided with a handle which is convenient to open.

In this embodiment, the tub cover 20 is provided with a first vent pipe 22 for communicating the inside of the tub 10 with the outside atmosphere. The access cover 21 is provided with a second vent pipe 23 for communicating the interior of the facultative biological filter 4 with the outside atmosphere. The arrangement of the first vent pipe 22 and the second vent pipe 23 is beneficial to the suction of fresh oxygen and the discharge of waste gases such as methane, hydrogen sulfide and the like generated by biochemical reaction, and is beneficial to the entering and the flowing out of domestic sewage in the sewage treatment process. In this embodiment, the first vent pipe 22 and the second vent pipe 23 are both bent, and the openings of the vent pipes face downward respectively, so as to prevent the vent pipes from being blocked due to the entry of foreign objects.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, in the preferred embodiment, the downpipe tank 3 is separately disposed outside the tub 1. The water dropping tank 3 is fixed on the outer wall of the outer tub 10 by a bracket 6. Specifically, the downpipe tank 3 is fixed to an outer wall of the outer tub 10 by a triangular bracket 6, a screw nut, and the like. The water falling tank 3 is communicated with the water outlet 40 through a communicating pipe 7 to form a communicating vessel type structure with the facultative biological filter 4, and the water level in the water falling tank 3 is always consistent with the water level in the facultative biological filter 4. Specifically, the inlet end 71 of the communication pipe 7 is connected to the water outlet 40, the communication pipe 7 extends to the outside of the outer tub 10 through the area between the outer tub 10 and the inner tub 11, and the outlet end 70 is connected to the inlet at the bottom of the downpipe tank 3. The bottom of the water dropping tank 3 is located at about 1/2 height of the inner barrel 11. The outlet end 70 of communication pipe 7 is higher than the inlet end 71 of communication pipe 7.

Specifically, the water falling tank 3 comprises a tank body with an upper end opening and a tank cover connected to the tank body, and a third through air pipe 30 communicating the inside and the outside of the tank is arranged on the tank cover, so that the domestic sewage in the water falling tank 3 can enter and flow out in the sewage treatment process. The third ventilation pipe 30 is bent and has a downward opening to prevent foreign objects from entering and blocking the third ventilation pipe 30. The box cover is also provided with a handle which is convenient for opening operation.

The siphon 31 comprises an inverted U-shaped pipe body, an inlet 310 of the pipe body is located in the water dropping tank 3 and is higher than the inner wall of the bottom of the water dropping tank 3, and a drainage outlet 311 of the pipe body extends out of the water dropping tank 3 and is lower than the bottom of the water dropping tank 3. The filling height of the ceramsite filter 41 in the facultative biological filter 4 is slightly higher than or equal to the height of the siphon 31 in the water dropping tank 3, that is, the height of the top bending section of the siphon 31 is approximately equal to the filling height of the ceramsite filter 41, so that the situation that the facultative reaction cannot be smoothly performed due to the fact that the amount of sewage in the facultative biological filter 4 is too large and the amount of oxygen filled in the ceramsite filter 41 is small is avoided. The inlet 310 of the pipe body is spaced from the inner wall of the box bottom to facilitate the air entering the siphon 31 when the water is drained to a certain level.

In other embodiments, the downpipe tank 3 may be integrally formed with the barrel 1, for example, the connection pipe 7 may be omitted, the downpipe tank 3 and the inner barrel 11, i.e., the barrel wall of the facultative biological filter 4, are integrally formed to form an integrated sewage treatment device, and the downpipe tank 3 and the facultative biological filter 4 are connected by the water outlet 40. In other embodiments, the downpipe tank 3 may also be directly disposed inside the barrel 1 in a region between the outer barrel 10 and the inner barrel 11, for example, a partition may be added in the region between the outer barrel 10 and the inner barrel 11 to form a separate region isolated from both the pretreatment precipitation tank and the hydrolysis acidification tank, and the downpipe tank 3 is fixed on the barrel wall (which may be fixed on the inner wall of the outer barrel 10 and/or the outer wall of the inner barrel 11) in the corresponding region of the outer barrel 10.

The sewage treatment device of the invention is of a buried structure, and only the access cover 21, each breather pipe and the cover of the water falling tank 3 are exposed out of the ground.

In another embodiment as shown in fig. 6, a third air vent 30 is provided at the top of the facultative biological filter 4, and a water inlet 110 is provided at the upper part. In addition, a disinfection box 8 for containing disinfectant is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the inner cavity of the water falling box 3, and a medicine dissolving port 80 is formed at the bottom of the disinfection box 8 close to the top bent part of the siphon 31. When the water in the water falling tank 3 is immersed at the bottom of the disinfection box 8, the medicament can flow out from the medicament dissolving port 80, so that the sewage is disinfected and finally discharged after reaching the standard.

Referring to fig. 7, the present invention also provides a sewage treatment method using the above sewage treatment apparatus, comprising the steps of:

pre-treating the precipitate: at least partial heavy substances in the domestic sewage are subjected to precipitation treatment, and at least partial light substances are subjected to blocking treatment.

Hydrolysis and acidification: the sewage after the pretreatment and precipitation is hydrolyzed, acidified and decomposed into micromolecular organic matters by utilizing the biological elastic filler 5 attached with the microbial film, and simultaneously, the phosphorus is released and the suspended matters in the water are reduced.

Facultative filtration: the sewage enters the facultative biological filter 4, then enters pores of the ceramsite filter material 41 and dissolves partial oxygen therein, and the biomembrane attached on the ceramsite filter material 41 decomposes micromolecular organic matters in the sewage into waste gas; during the process that sewage continues to enter the facultative biological filter 4, residual air and waste gas generated by the facultative reaction are extruded out by the vent pipe.

And (3) siphon drainage: the water after the facultative filtration treatment enters the water falling tank 3, the water level in the water falling tank 3 is kept consistent with that in the facultative biological filter 4, when the water level in the water falling tank 3 exceeds the top of the siphon 31, a siphon phenomenon occurs, and the water in the water falling tank 3 is discharged from the drainage outlet 311 through the siphon 31; in the process that the water level in the facultative biological filter 4 falls back along with the water level in the water falling tank 3, the facultative biological filter 4 sucks air from the outside through the vent pipe, so that part of oxygen is filled into the pores of the upper ceramsite filter material 41.

Specifically, the sewage treatment method using the sewage treatment device of the invention adopts a multi-stage sedimentation, biological contact oxidation and facultative biological filter combined process, and the working principle is as follows:

domestic sewage collected from kitchens and toilets of farmers enters the first-stage pretreatment sedimentation tank 101 from the water inlet 100 and enters the second-stage pretreatment sedimentation tank 102 through the first water through hole 120 in the middle of the first partition plate 12, in the process, a part of heavy substances such as sand, bones and the like in the sewage can be precipitated in the first-stage pretreatment sedimentation tank 101, and a part of light substances such as grease, floating vegetable leaves and the like in the sewage can be blocked in the first-stage pretreatment sedimentation tank 101; similarly, in the process from the second stage pretreatment precipitation tank 102 to the facultative biological filter 4 through the third stage pretreatment precipitation tank 103, the first stage hydrolysis acidification tank 104, the second stage hydrolysis acidification tank 105, and the third stage hydrolysis acidification tank 106, the second water through holes 130, the third water through holes 140, the fourth water through holes 150, and the fifth water through holes 160, the impurities such as heavy substances and light substances in the sewage can be basically removed finally. In the process of passing through the three-stage hydrolysis acidification tank, as the elastic filler attached with the microbial film is arranged in the three-stage hydrolysis acidification tank, organic matters in the sewage can be hydrolyzed, acidified and decomposed into micromolecular organic matters, and simultaneously, phosphorus is released, and SS (Suspended solids in water) is reduced along with the organic matters, so that the next link can be conveniently carried out with an aerobic reaction.

The sewage after hydrolysis acidification continues to enter the facultative biological filter 4, in the area, the sewage can be dissolved into partial oxygen, the small molecular organic matters continue to be decomposed into waste gases such as methane, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen and the like through the biological membrane attached to the ceramsite filter material 41, ammonia nitrogen in the sewage can be decomposed into nitrate nitrogen, phosphorus released in the early stage can be absorbed into the generated sludge, and the BOD in the sewage can be reduced₅COD, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus until reaching the discharge standard.

The bottom of the facultative biological filter 4 is connected with the bottom of the water-falling tank 3 through the communicating pipe 7 to form a communicating vessel structure, so that the water level of the facultative biological filter 4 is always consistent with the water level in the water-falling tank 3. When the water level in the downpipe tank 3 exceeds the top of the siphon tube 31, a siphon phenomenon occurs, the treated water in the downpipe tank 3 is discharged, and the treated sewage in the facultative biological filter 4 is also discharged through the communication pipe 7 and the downpipe tank 3 until the water level in the downpipe tank 3 is lower than the inlet 310 of the siphon tube 31 so that air enters the siphon tube 31 again, and the discharge operation is stopped. In the process, the sewage is filtered by the ceramsite filter material 41 and then discharged out of the inner barrel 11, and oxygen in the external environment enters the upper part of the facultative biological filter 4 through the second vent pipe 23 and further enters the pores of the ceramsite filter material 41 at the upper part, so that a part of oxygen is dissolved in the water and is prepared for subsequent dissolved oxygen. As the domestic sewage continuously enters the facultative biological filter 4 through the channel, water can permeate into pores of the ceramsite, oxygen in the pores can be dissolved in a large amount, finally, the water level is gradually restored to the original position, and the residual air and newly generated waste gas such as methane, nitrogen and the like are extruded out of the barrel, so that the one-time 'breathing' process of the facultative biological filter 4 is completed.

Due to the repeated 'breathing' process, the sewage entering the facultative biological filter 4 obtains periodic dissolved oxygen, and the facultative reaction can be smoothly carried out.

In addition, when the water in the water falling tank 3 is immersed at the bottom of the disinfection box 8, the dissolved medicament can flow out from the medicament dissolving port 80 of the disinfection box 8, so that the sewage can be disinfected, and finally discharged to the agricultural irrigation ditch after reaching the standard. Wherein, sediment and scum in the pretreatment sedimentation tank and the hydrolysis acidification tank need to be cleaned regularly, sludge in the facultative filter tank needs to be cleaned regularly, and the ceramsite filter material 41 needs to be cleaned, repaired or replaced regularly.

The key point of the invention is the realization of the unpowered oxygen dissolving function. The sewage after impurity removal and hydrolytic acidification enters the facultative biological filter 4 through the water inlet 110, the air in the pores of the ceramsite filter material 41 is extruded out, and is discharged out of the facultative biological filter 4 through the second vent pipe 23. Due to the principle of the communicating vessel, the water level of the facultative biological filter 4 is always consistent with the water level of the water falling tank 3. When the water level of the falling water tank 3 exceeds the top of the siphon tube 31, a siphon phenomenon occurs, the water in the falling water tank 3 is discharged from the drain outlet 311 through the siphon tube 31, and at this time, the water level of the falling water tank 3 rapidly falls back, and the water level of the facultative biological filter 4 also rapidly falls back accordingly. In the process of falling back of the water level, the facultative biological filter 4 sucks fresh air which is half of the total sewage discharge volume from the outside through the second vent pipe 23, and the sucked air is filled into the pores of the upper ceramsite filter material 41. Through the process, part of oxygen can be dissolved in the sewage, and the specific surface area of the ceramsite filter material 41 is quite large, so that the oxygen dissolving effect is good. Along with the sewage entering and discharging, the facultative biological filter 4 also discharges air and sucks air along with the sewage, and the circulation is repeated, so that the better unpowered oxygen dissolving function is realized finally.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. because the aeration pipe is arranged to be connected with the outside, the waste gas can be forcibly discharged to absorb fresh oxygen under the action of the periodic change of the water level in the facultative biological filter, so that the dissolved oxygen is more and more sufficient;

2. the invention adopts the siphon principle to drain water, does not consume energy, enables the water level in the facultative biological filter to automatically and periodically change, and when the water level falls, the wet filter material with large specific surface area obviously increases the contact area with oxygen, can dissolve more oxygen, and strengthens facultative reaction;

3. compared with the rotating oxygen dissolving mode of the biological rotating disc, the oxygen dissolving mode of the invention has no moving part, the mechanism is not easy to break down, and the biological rotating disc is more durable;

4. the invention adopts the ceramsite with large porosity as the filter material, can effectively filter impurities such as sludge and the like, and is not easy to block.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A sewage treatment apparatus, comprising:

the aerobic biofilter (4) is arranged in the barrel body (1), a water inlet hole (110) is formed in the upper part of the barrel wall of the aerobic biofilter (4), and a ceramsite filter material (41) is arranged in the aerobic biofilter (4);

the cover body (2) is arranged on the barrel body (1) in a covering mode, and a vent pipe communicated with the outside atmosphere is arranged on the cover body (2) corresponding to the upper portion of the facultative biological filter (4);

the water dropping tank (3) is communicated with the facultative biological filter (4) to form a communicating vessel type structure, a siphon (31) for siphon drainage is arranged in the water dropping tank (3), and a drainage outlet (311) of the siphon (31) extends out of the water dropping tank (3) so as to be connected with a peripheral receiving water body;

the filling height of a ceramsite filter material (41) in the facultative biological filter (4) is higher than or equal to the height of the siphon (31) in the water dropping tank (3);

a plurality of ceramsite barrels for containing ceramsite filter materials (41) are arranged in the facultative biological filter (4);

the breather pipe is the form of buckling, and the opening of breather pipe is down.

2. The sewage treatment apparatus of claim 1,

the barrel body (1) comprises an outer barrel (10) and an inner barrel (11) arranged in the outer barrel (10), a region between the outer barrel (10) and the inner barrel (11) is partitioned by a plurality of partition plates to form a pretreatment precipitation tank and a hydrolysis acidification tank which are sequentially communicated, a water inlet (100) is formed in the barrel wall of the outer barrel (10) corresponding to the pretreatment precipitation tank, a biological elastic filler (5) is arranged in the hydrolysis acidification tank, and the facultative biological filter (4) communicated with the hydrolysis acidification tank is arranged in the inner barrel (11) through a water inlet (110) formed in the barrel wall of the inner barrel (11);

the cover body (2) comprises a barrel cover (20) and an access cover (21), wherein the barrel cover (20) is arranged above an area between the outer barrel (10) and the inner barrel (11) in a covering mode, the access cover (21) is arranged above the inner barrel (11) in a covering mode and is convenient to open, and vent pipes communicated with the inside and the outside of the barrel are respectively arranged on the access cover (21) and the barrel cover (20).

3. The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 2,

the area between the outer barrel (10) and the inner barrel (11) is partitioned by a plurality of partition plates to form a multi-stage pretreatment settling tank and a multi-stage hydrolysis acidification tank, wherein the first-stage pretreatment settling tank (101) is communicated with the water inlet (100), the last-stage hydrolysis acidification tank is communicated with the facultative biological filter (4) through the water inlet hole (110), and except the partition plate between the last-stage hydrolysis acidification tank and the first-stage pretreatment settling tank (101), the rest partition plates are respectively provided with water through holes for communicating two adjacent tanks;

the partition plates are of integral sheet structures, and the water through holes are formed in the middle parts of the corresponding partition plates; or the water through holes are formed in the bottoms of the corresponding partition plates; or, the other partition plates are composed of an upper partition plate and a lower partition plate except that the partition plate between the final stage hydrolysis acidification tank and the first stage pretreatment precipitation tank (101) completely isolates the two tanks, and a hole/space for water passing is formed between the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate.

4. The sewage treatment apparatus of claim 1,

the water dropping tank (3) comprises a tank body with an opening at the upper end and a tank cover connected to the tank body, and a vent pipe communicated with the inside and the outside of the tank is arranged on the tank cover.

5. The sewage treatment apparatus of claim 1,

a water outlet (40) is arranged at the bottom of the facultative biological filter (4);

the water dropping tank (3) is communicated with the water outlet (40) through a communicating pipe (7); or the water dropping tank (3) and the barrel wall of the facultative biological filter (4) are integrally made and are communicated by the water outlet (40).

6. The sewage treatment apparatus of claim 1,

the barrel body (1) comprises an outer barrel (10) and an inner barrel (11) arranged in the outer barrel (10), and the facultative biological filter (4) is arranged in the inner barrel (11);

the water dropping tank (3) is fixed on the outer wall of the outer barrel (10) through a bracket (6); or the water dropping tank (3) is arranged in the area between the outer barrel (10) and the inner barrel (11).

7. The sewage treatment apparatus of claim 1,

the siphon (31) comprises an inverted U-shaped pipe body, an inlet (310) of the pipe body is positioned in the water dropping tank (3) and is higher than the inner wall of the bottom of the water dropping tank (3), and a drainage outlet (311) of the pipe body extends out of the water dropping tank (3) and is lower than the bottom of the water dropping tank (3); and/or

The upper part of the inner cavity of the water dropping box (3) is fixedly provided with a disinfection box (8) for containing disinfectant, and the bottom of the disinfection box (8) is provided with a medicine dissolving port (80) at the bent part close to the top of the siphon (31).

8. A sewage treatment method using the sewage treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

facultative filtration: the sewage enters the facultative biological filter (4), then enters pores of a ceramsite filter material (41) and dissolves partial oxygen in the pores, and a biological membrane attached to the ceramsite filter material (41) decomposes micromolecular organic matters in the sewage into waste gas; in the process that sewage continues to enter the facultative biological filter (4), residual air and waste gas generated by facultative reaction are extruded out by the vent pipe;

and (3) siphon drainage: the water after the facultative filtration treatment enters the water dropping tank (3), the water level in the water dropping tank (3) is kept consistent with that in the facultative biological filter (4), when the water level in the water dropping tank (3) exceeds the top of the siphon (31), a siphon phenomenon occurs, and the water in the water dropping tank (3) is discharged from the water discharge outlet (311) through the siphon (31); in the falling process of the water level in the facultative biological filter (4) along with the water level in the water falling tank (3), the facultative biological filter (4) sucks air from the outside through the vent pipe, so that partial oxygen is filled into the pores of the upper ceramsite filter material (41), and the maximum height of sewage in the facultative biological filter (4) is lower than or equal to the filling height of the ceramsite filter material (41) when siphonage occurs every time.

9. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 8, further comprising the following steps before the facultative filtration step:

pre-treating the precipitate: carrying out precipitation treatment on at least part of heavy substances and blocking treatment on at least part of light substances in the domestic sewage;

hydrolysis and acidification: the sewage after the pretreatment and precipitation is hydrolyzed, acidified and decomposed into micromolecular organic matters by utilizing the biological elastic filler (5) attached with the microbial film, and simultaneously, the phosphorus is released and the suspended matters in the water are reduced.

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