CN109456778B - Novel device and method for superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization cracking furnace - Google Patents
Novel device and method for superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization cracking furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN109456778B CN109456778B CN201811645311.8A CN201811645311A CN109456778B CN 109456778 B CN109456778 B CN 109456778B CN 201811645311 A CN201811645311 A CN 201811645311A CN 109456778 B CN109456778 B CN 109456778B
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- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 220
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 84
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 10
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- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 7
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 5
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- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of superheated steam, in particular to a novel device and a method for a continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace of superheated steam, comprising the following steps: the device comprises a feeding mechanism, a carbonization furnace running unit and a discharging mechanism; the feeding mechanism is used for lifting materials to be treated to the upper part of the carbonization furnace operation unit and continuously conveying the materials to the carbonization furnace operation unit, the carbonization furnace operation unit comprises a plurality of carbonization furnaces, each carbonization furnace is sequentially vertically arranged or sequentially horizontally arranged, each carbonization furnace is filled with superheated steam, each carbonization furnace is sequentially connected so that the materials to be treated can be sequentially subjected to continuous anaerobic carbonization of the superheated steam, the discharging mechanism comprises a plurality of sequentially connected screw conveyors, and each screw conveyor is mutually matched so that the materials carbonized by the carbonization furnace are continuously cooled, so that the technical problems that the materials to be treated in the prior art are not thoroughly carbonized and the continuous anaerobic carbonization of organic matters of the superheated steam cannot be realized are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of superheated steam, in particular to a novel device and a method for a continuous anaerobic carbonization pyrolysis furnace of superheated steam.
Background
With the rapid development of intermediate production industries such as Chinese chemical industry, pesticides, medicines, printing and dyeing and other electronic communication industries, a large amount of dangerous organic wastes are generated each year, and a large amount of wastes such as highly toxic gas dioxin, residues, fly ash and the like can be generated while hardly degraded pollutants can be destroyed by simple incineration of many wastes. At present, the problem of difficult treatment of high-salt and high-COD wastewater is increasingly highlighted. The traditional method comprises the following steps: (1) biochemical methods cannot be processed because of high salt content; (2) multiple-effect evaporation concentration crystallization is carried out, namely hazardous waste is only converted into a solid form from a liquid state, and toxic and harmful organic matters in hazardous salt are not eliminated; (3) membrane filtration is easy to block and replace frequently, has high running cost, and can not thoroughly and effectively remove organic matters; (4) the inorganic salts are easy to melt and harden in a hearth, a fire grate and a pipeline, so that the furnace is frequently shut down for cleaning, the operation cost is high, and the disposal capacity is low; (5) the common carbonization technology is characterized in that no matter the technology is internally or externally heated, inorganic salt is molten and hardened, so that the problems of incomplete carbonization, high operation cost and the like are caused.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel device and a method for a superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace, which are used for solving the technical problems that materials to be treated in the prior art are not thoroughly carbonized and the superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization of organic matters cannot be realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a novel apparatus for a superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace, comprising: the device comprises a feeding mechanism, a carbonization furnace running unit, a discharging mechanism and a tail gas treatment system; the feeding mechanism is used for lifting materials to be treated to the upper part of the carbonization furnace operation unit and continuously conveying the materials to the carbonization furnace operation unit, the carbonization furnace operation unit comprises a plurality of carbonization furnaces, each carbonization furnace is sequentially vertically arranged or sequentially horizontally arranged, each carbonization furnace is filled with superheated steam, each carbonization furnace is sequentially connected so that the materials to be treated can be sequentially subjected to continuous anaerobic carbonization of the superheated steam, the tail gas treatment system is connected with a plurality of carbonization furnaces, the discharging mechanism comprises a plurality of screw conveyors and a slag cooler, and the screw conveyors and the slag cooler are sequentially connected so that the materials carbonized by the carbonization furnaces are continuously cooled.
As a further technical scheme, the discharging mechanism includes: comprising the following steps: a fourth screw conveyor, a slag cooler and a fifth screw conveyor; the fourth screw conveyer is the level setting, the upper portion of the first end of fourth screw conveyer is provided with the feed inlet that is used for making overheated steam carbonization back material entering, the lower part of the second end of fourth screw conveyer is provided with the discharge gate, the discharge gate of fourth screw conveyer with the feed inlet of cold sediment machine is connected, the discharge gate of cold sediment machine with the feed inlet of fifth screw conveyer is connected, the fifth screw conveyer is the level setting, the one end upper portion of fifth screw conveyer is provided with the feed inlet, the bottom interval of fifth screw conveyer is provided with first discharge gate, second discharge gate and third discharge gate.
As a further technical scheme, the first discharge port, the second discharge port and the third discharge port are respectively provided with pneumatic gate valves and are respectively connected to the liquid storage tank/the ton bag.
As a further technical scheme, the slag cooler includes: the device comprises a base, a transmission motor, a rolling bracket, a transmission gear, a roller, a feeding device and a discharging device; the roller is arranged on the base through a rolling bracket; the transmission motor is connected with the rolling bracket through a transmission gear; one end of the feeding device is connected with the first end of the roller, and the other end of the feeding device is connected with the discharge port of the fourth screw conveyor; one end of the discharging device is connected with the second end of the roller, and the other end of the discharging device is connected with the feeding port of the fifth screw conveyor; the roller is provided with a water cooling system, and the water cooling system is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet.
As a further technical scheme, a fourth water cooling sleeve is arranged between a feed inlet and a discharge outlet of the fourth screw conveyor, the fourth water cooling sleeve is coaxially sleeved in a working cavity of the fourth screw conveyor, a water inlet is arranged at the lower part of a first end of the fourth water cooling sleeve, and a water outlet is arranged at the upper part of a second end of the fourth water cooling sleeve; the fourth screw conveyor is provided with inspection ports on two sides of the fourth water cooling sleeve.
As a further technical scheme, the carbonization furnace operation unit includes: the superheated steam pipeline assembly and the first carbonization furnace, the second carbonization furnace and the third carbonization furnace which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the upper inlet of the first end of the first carbonization furnace is connected with the outlet of the feeding channel of the feeding mechanism, the lower outlet of the second end of the first carbonization furnace is connected with the upper inlet of the second end of the second carbonization furnace, the lower outlet of the first end of the second carbonization furnace is connected with the upper inlet of the first end of the third carbonization furnace, and the lower outlet of the second end of the third carbonization furnace is connected with the discharging mechanism; the superheated steam pipeline assembly is respectively connected with the first carbonization furnace, the second carbonization furnace and the third carbonization furnace and is used for respectively inputting superheated steam with preset temperature into the first carbonization furnace, the second carbonization furnace and the third carbonization furnace.
As a further technical scheme, feed mechanism includes: the device comprises a storage bin, a bucket elevator and a feeding channel, wherein the storage bin is arranged at the bottom of the bucket elevator, and the bucket elevator is used for lifting materials to be treated in the storage bin to an inlet of the feeding channel.
As a further aspect, the superheated steam pipeline assembly includes: the system comprises a superheated steam main pipe, a superheated steam branch pipe, an exhaust main pipe and an exhaust branch pipe; the superheated steam main pipe is connected with the first carbonization furnace, the second carbonization furnace and the third carbonization furnace respectively through various superheated steam branch pipes, and the exhaust main pipe is connected with the first carbonization furnace, the second carbonization furnace and the third carbonization furnace respectively through various exhaust branch pipes.
As a further technical solution, the feeding channel includes: an upper inclined channel, a lower inclined channel and a screw pusher; the inlet of the spiral pusher is connected with the upper inclined channel, and the outlet of the spiral pusher is connected with the lower inclined channel; the upper inclined channel is connected with the upper part of the bucket elevator, and the lower inclined channel is connected with the inlet of the first carbonization furnace.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a method for preparing a novel device of the continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace by using superheated steam, which comprises the following steps:
respectively feeding superheated steam into a first carbonization furnace, a second carbonization furnace and a third carbonization furnace by utilizing a superheated steam pipeline assembly so as to preheat each carbonization furnace, and starting feeding when the temperature is raised to 300-500 ℃;
lifting the material to be treated in the storage bin by using a bucket elevator, controlling the feeding speed by using a variable frequency speed regulation device, throwing the lifting material of the bucket elevator into a spiral feeder through a feeding pipeline, throwing the material to be treated into a first carbonization furnace by using the variable frequency speed regulation device, pushing the carbonized material of the first carbonization furnace through a variable frequency speed reducer, fully contacting and carbonizing with superheated steam, conveying the material subjected to primary carbonization to a second carbonization furnace, pushing the carbonized material of the second carbonization furnace through the variable frequency speed reducer, fully contacting and carbonizing with the superheated steam, conveying the material subjected to secondary full carbonization to a third carbonization furnace, pushing the carbonized material of the third carbonization furnace through the variable frequency speed reducer, fully contacting and carbonizing with the superheated steam, discharging the carbonized material subjected to tertiary full carbonization through variable frequency control of a shut-off fan, and conveying the carbonized material to a discharging mechanism;
and cooling the carbonized high-temperature material to below 80 ℃ by utilizing a fourth screw conveyor, a slag cooler and a fifth screw conveyor, and bagging or putting the cooled material into a liquid storage tank or a material collector or a ton bag.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a novel device of a superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace for ensuring continuous anaerobic carbonization of organic matters of superheated steam, which can realize continuous work and continuous cooling discharge of the continuous feeding carbonization furnace, thereby thoroughly realizing smooth and fluent execution of the continuous anaerobic carbonization of the superheated steam.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings needed in the embodiments or the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization operation unit provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization operation unit provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization operation unit provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a continuous discharging, cooling and conveying device of a superheated steam carbonization furnace provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a novel apparatus for a superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace provided by the invention. Icon: 1-a storage bin; 2-bucket elevator; 3-a feeding channel; 4-screw pusher; 5-a first carbonization furnace; 6-a second carbonization furnace; 7-a third carbonization furnace; 8-a frame; 10-diagonal bracing; 11-climbing a ladder; 12-fencing; 13-superheated steam header pipe; 14-an exhaust manifold; 15-a first screw conveyor; 16-an inspection port; 21-a collection device; 71-turning off a fan; 91-discharging stirring cage; 92-water cooling jacket; 131-a first superheated steam branch pipe; 132-a second superheated steam branch; 133-a third superheated steam branch pipe; 141-a first exhaust branch pipe; 142-a second exhaust branch pipe; 143-a third exhaust branch pipe, 151-a first water cooling jacket; 191-a second water cooling jacket; 201-a pneumatic gate valve; 203-a third water cooling jacket; 231-feeding device; 232-a transmission gear; 233-a drum; 234-a discharging device; 235-water inlet; 236-water outlet; 237-base; 238-a drive motor; 239-rolling carriage; 241-fifth water cooling jacket.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a novel apparatus for a superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace, which includes: the device comprises a feeding mechanism, a carbonization furnace running unit, a discharging mechanism and a tail gas treatment system; the feeding mechanism is used for lifting materials to be treated to the upper part of the carbonization furnace operation unit and continuously conveying the materials to the carbonization furnace operation unit, the carbonization furnace operation unit comprises a plurality of carbonization furnaces, each carbonization furnace is sequentially vertically arranged or sequentially horizontally arranged, each carbonization furnace is filled with superheated steam, each carbonization furnace is sequentially connected so that the materials to be treated can be sequentially subjected to continuous anaerobic carbonization of the superheated steam, the tail gas treatment system is connected with a plurality of carbonization furnaces, the discharging mechanism comprises a plurality of screw conveyors and a slag cooler, and the screw conveyors and the slag cooler are sequentially connected so that the materials carbonized by the carbonization furnaces are continuously cooled.
It should be noted that the novel device of the superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace is not limited to carbonization treatment of organic matters in high-salt and high-COD waste water generated in the production process of intermediates such as medical intermediates, pesticide intermediates, printing and dyeing intermediates, food processing and the like and (derived) high-COD slag salt generated in treatment, and also comprises carbonization treatment of intermediate organic matters such as electronic wastes such as mobile phones, wires, cables and circuit boards, sludge and the like.
Preferably, the carbonization furnace operation unit comprises: the superheated steam pipeline assembly and the first carbonization furnace 5, the second carbonization furnace 6 and the third carbonization furnace 7 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the upper inlet of the first end of the first carbonization furnace 5 is connected with the outlet of the feeding channel 3, the lower outlet of the second end of the first carbonization furnace 5 is connected with the upper inlet of the second end of the second carbonization furnace 6, the lower outlet of the first end of the second carbonization furnace 6 is connected with the upper inlet of the first end of the third carbonization furnace 7, and the lower outlet of the second end of the third carbonization furnace 7 is connected with the discharging mechanism.
Preferably, the present embodiment further includes: and a feeding mechanism. The feed mechanism includes: the organic waste material feeding device comprises a storage bin 1, a bucket elevator 2 and a feeding channel 3, wherein the storage bin 1 is arranged at the bottom of the bucket elevator 2, and the bucket elevator 2 is used for lifting organic waste materials in the storage bin 1 to an inlet of the feeding channel 3. Preferably, the function of the bucket elevator 2 can also be replaced by a scraper or a pipe chain machine, depending on the nature of the material being extracted. Preferably, the present embodiment further includes: and a discharging mechanism. The discharging mechanism comprises: the cooling device is arranged at the periphery of the discharging device. In order to ensure that superheated steam continuously and anaerobically carbonizes organic matters, the embodiment particularly designs a structural form of continuously feeding and carbonizing furnace for continuously working and continuously cooling and discharging. Moreover, the organic waste can be fully contacted with the superheated steam through three-stage carbonization, and the continuous anaerobic carbonization operation of the superheated steam is thoroughly carried out. Therefore, in the embodiment, all the transmissions from the feeding of the storage bin 1 to the discharging after carbonization are frequency-variable speed-regulating feeding, so that the continuous operation of materials is ensured, and the smooth and fluent execution of continuous anaerobic carbonization of superheated steam is thoroughly realized.
In this embodiment, preferably, the superheated steam pipeline assembly includes: a superheated steam header 13, superheated steam branch pipes, an exhaust header 14 and exhaust branch pipes; the superheated steam header 13 is connected to the first carbonization furnace 5, the second carbonization furnace 6, and the third carbonization furnace 7 through respective superheated steam branch pipes, and the exhaust header 14 is connected to the first carbonization furnace 5, the second carbonization furnace 6, and the third carbonization furnace 7 through respective exhaust branch pipes.
Preferably, the exhaust branch pipes include a first exhaust branch pipe 141, a second exhaust branch pipe 142, and a third exhaust branch pipe 143, the first exhaust branch pipe 141 being connected to a middle portion of the first carbonization furnace 5, the second exhaust branch pipe 142 being connected to a middle portion of the second carbonization furnace 6, the third exhaust branch pipe 143 being connected to a middle portion of the third carbonization furnace 7; the superheated steam branch pipe includes: the first superheated steam branch pipe 131, the second superheated steam branch pipe 132 and the third superheated steam branch pipe 133, the first superheated steam branch pipe 131 is connected to the middle part of the first carbonization furnace 5, the second superheated steam branch pipe 132 is connected to the middle part of the second carbonization furnace 6, and the third superheated steam branch pipe 133 is connected to the middle part of the third carbonization furnace 7.
Preferably, of course, the exhaust branch pipe and the superheated steam branch pipe may be provided independently, or may be provided together, for example: the exhaust branch pipe and the superheated steam branch pipe can be sleeved into a whole (for example, the superheated steam branch pipe is positioned at the center, and the exhaust branch pipe is coaxially sleeved at the periphery of the superheated steam branch pipe). The high organic matters in the slag salt or the organic matters in other materials are fully contacted with the superheated steam through a first carbonization furnace 5, a second carbonization furnace 6 and a third carbonization furnace 7, the organic waste gas after anaerobic carbonization and pyrolysis is collected into an exhaust manifold 14 through an exhaust branch pipe, and the organic waste gas is pumped to a rear-end deodorization furnace for high-temperature oxidation and cleaning treatment by utilizing a centrifugal fan with tail gas emission.
Preferably, the first carbonization furnace 5, the second carbonization furnace 6 and the third carbonization furnace 7 all control the feeding main shaft through a variable frequency speed reducer. Preferably, the discharging device comprises: a water-cooling stirring cage or a slag cooling machine; the number of the water-cooling stirring cages is one or more; the number of the slag cooler is one or more. Preferably, the water-cooled stirring cage comprises: the water cooling sleeve 92 and the ejection of compact stir the cage 91, the water cooling sleeve 92 suit in ejection of compact stirs the cage 91, the bottom of the first end of water cooling sleeve 92 is provided with the inlet tube, the upper portion of the second end of water cooling sleeve 92 is provided with the outlet pipe. Preferably, the number of the water cooling sleeves 92 is one or more, and a plurality of the water cooling sleeves 92 are arranged at intervals on the discharging stirring cage 91.
Preferably, the bucket elevator 2 comprises: a scraper or a chain scraper. Preferably, the feeding channel 3 comprises: an upper inclined passage, a lower inclined passage and a screw pusher 4; the inlet of the spiral pusher 4 is connected with the upper inclined channel, and the outlet of the spiral pusher 4 is connected with the lower inclined channel; the upper inclined passage is connected with the upper part of the bucket elevator 2, and the lower inclined passage is connected with the inlet of the first carbonization furnace 5.
Preferably, the carbonization furnace operation unit further comprises: a frame 8; the machine frame 8 is provided with a first bearing mechanism, a second bearing mechanism and a third bearing mechanism, the first bearing mechanism is provided with the first carbonization furnace 5, the second bearing mechanism is provided with the second carbonization furnace 6, and the third bearing mechanism is provided with the third carbonization furnace 7. Preferably, the frame 8 is provided with a diagonal brace 10.
Preferably, the superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization operation unit further comprises: the cat ladder 11, the cat ladder 11 has the three-layer ladder structure, has a rest platform between the adjacent ladder structure, the cat ladder 11 set up in one side of frame 8.
Preferably, each layer of ladder structure is at an angle of 30 ℃ to 45 ℃ to the horizontal plane.
Preferably, the superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization operation unit further comprises: the fence 12 is arranged at one side of the cat ladder 11 and around each layer of carbonization furnace installation platform; the fence 12 includes: railing and jack seat, the railing set up in on the jack seat.
Preferably, the shell of each carbonization furnace comprises a furnace outer shell and a furnace inner shell, and an internal air passage for connecting with the superheated steam branch pipe is formed between the furnace outer shell and the furnace inner shell.
Preferably, the inner airway is provided with a plurality of air holes along its length direction.
Preferably, each carbonization furnace can be of a single screw type or a double screw type.
For example: the carbonization furnace comprises: the device comprises a furnace body outer shell, a furnace body inner shell, a first output shaft, a second output shaft, a gear box, a coupler, a variable frequency speed reducer and a motor; an inner air passage connected with the superheated steam branch pipe is formed between the furnace body outer shell and the furnace body inner shell, and a plurality of air holes are formed in the inner air passage along the length direction of the inner air passage. The motor is connected with the gear box through the variable frequency speed reducer and the coupler, the gear box is connected with the first output shaft and the second output shaft respectively, and the first output shaft and the second output shaft are respectively positioned in the inner shell of the furnace body and synchronously rotate. The first output shaft and the second output shaft are provided with helical blade structures.
In order to achieve more thorough contact of the organic waste with the superheated steam.
For example: an annular gap (channel) is arranged between the furnace body outer shell and the furnace body inner shell, and the channel can serve as an air inlet channel which is connected with a corresponding superheated steam branch pipe. The side of the furnace body inner shell (the side close to the discharge hole) is provided with an air outlet which is connected with an exhaust branch pipe. Of course, a plurality of intake ports are provided in the inner surface of the intake passage.
Of course, the air inlet may be arranged in various ways. For example: the distribution of the air inlets gradually decreases from the feeding end to the discharging end. Also for example: the distribution of the air inlet is in a normal distribution mode that the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the middle part is large and the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the two sides is small, and the cross-sectional area distribution function is as follows:
wherein f (x) is a unit ventilation area distribution function; setting the central point in the axial direction of the air inlet channel as an origin, wherein x is a coordinate value extending from the middle part of the air inlet channel to two ends of the air inlet channel; wherein pi is the circumference ratio; wherein sigma is related to the particle size D of the material. The sigma is 0.15D-0.55D. So that the superheated steam can be maximally realized in the middle of the middle furnace chamber and fully contacted.
Example two
As shown in fig. 4, the discharging mechanism may preferably adopt a continuous discharging cooling conveying device of a superheated steam carbonization furnace, which comprises: a fourth screw conveyor 22, a slag cooler 23 and a fifth screw conveyor 24; the fourth screw conveyer 22 is the level setting, the upper portion of the first end of fourth screw conveyer 22 is provided with the feed inlet that is used for making the material after the superheated steam carbonization get into, the lower part of the second end of fourth screw conveyer 22 is provided with the discharge gate, the discharge gate of fourth screw conveyer 22 pass through feed arrangement 231 with the feed inlet of cold sediment machine 23 is connected, the discharge gate of cold sediment machine 23 with the feed inlet of fifth screw conveyer 24 is connected, fifth screw conveyer 24 is the level setting, the one end upper portion of fifth screw conveyer is provided with the feed inlet, the feed inlet of fifth screw conveyer with the discharge gate of cold sediment machine 23 is connected, the bottom interval of fifth screw conveyer 24 is provided with first discharge gate, second discharge gate and third discharge gate. The materials subjected to high-temperature carbonization by the superheated steam reach about 600 ℃, and the materials can be reduced to below 80 ℃ in a limited space within a specified time through the embodiment, so that the materials are convenient to discharge, collect and package, and are convenient to dissolve and recycle.
In this embodiment, preferably, a fourth water cooling jacket is disposed between the feed inlet and the discharge outlet of the fourth screw conveyor 22, the fourth water cooling jacket is coaxially sleeved in the working cavity of the fourth screw conveyor 22, a water inlet is disposed at the lower portion of the first end of the fourth water cooling jacket, and a water outlet is disposed at the upper portion of the second end of the fourth water cooling jacket. Preferably, the fourth screw conveyor 22 is provided with inspection openings 16 on both sides of the fourth water jacket. Preferably, the discharge port of the fourth screw conveyor 22 is located above the feed port of the slag cooler 23, and the discharge port of the fourth screw conveyor 22 is connected to the feed port of the slag cooler 23 through a feed device 231.
In this embodiment, preferably, the slag cooler 23 includes: base 237, drive motor 238, rolling bracket 239, drive gear 232, roller 233, feed device 231, and discharge device 234; the roller 233 is mounted on the base 237 by a rolling bracket 239; the transmission motor 238 is connected with the rolling bracket 239 through the transmission gear 232; one end of the feeding device 231 is connected with a first end of the roller 233, and the other end of the feeding device 231 is connected with a discharge port of the fourth screw conveyor 22; one end of the discharging device 234 is connected with the second end of the roller 233, and the other end of the discharging device 234 is connected with the feeding port of the fifth screw conveyor; the drum 233 is provided with a water cooling system having a water inlet 235 and a water outlet 236. Preferably, the water cooling system comprises: a water cooling coil provided at the center of the drum 233 or a water cooling straight tube provided along the circumferential direction of the drum 233. Preferably, the discharge port of the slag cooler 23 is located directly above the feed port of the fifth screw conveyor 24.
Preferably, a fifth water cooling jacket 241 is disposed between the first discharge port and the second discharge port of the fifth screw conveyor 24, a fifth water cooling jacket 241 is disposed between the second discharge port and the third discharge port of the fifth screw conveyor 24, the two fifth water cooling jackets 241 are coaxially sleeved in the working cavity of the fifth screw conveyor 24, a water inlet is disposed at a lower portion of one end of the fifth water cooling jacket 241, and a water outlet is disposed at an upper portion of the other end of the fifth water cooling jacket 241.
Preferably, the first outlet, the second outlet and the third outlet are respectively provided with pneumatic gate valves 201 and are respectively connected to a tank/storage box/ton bag (which can be understood as a collecting device 21).
For the water inlet and the water outlet of each water cooling sleeve, a separate water supply mode can be adopted, and of course, a circulating water supply mode can also be adopted. For example: (1) the embodiment further comprises a pump set, one end of the pump set is connected with a water source, the other end of the pump set is connected with a water inlet of a first fifth water cooling sleeve 241, a water outlet of the first fifth water cooling sleeve 241 is connected with a water inlet of an adjacent second fifth water cooling sleeve 241, a water outlet of the second fifth water cooling sleeve 241 is connected with a water inlet of the slag cooler 23, a water outlet of the slag cooler 23 is connected with a water inlet of a fourth water cooling sleeve, and a water outlet of the fourth water cooling sleeve is connected with the water source. (2) The embodiment also comprises a pump set, one end of the pump set is connected with the cooling water source pool, the other end of the pump set is respectively connected with the fourth water cooling sleeve, the slag cooler 23 and the fifth water cooling sleeve water inlet, hot water at the water outlets of the fourth water cooling sleeve, the slag cooler 23 and the fifth water cooling sleeve is pressed to the cooling water source pool through pipelines by utilizing water pressure, and the cooling water towers are utilized for uniformly cooling.
It is worth noting that the number of screw conveyors (beaters) may be 1, 2, 3 or even more. The combination of the cooling discharging stirring cage and the slag cooler 23 can be a stirring cage and a slag cooler 23; the stirring cage, the slag cooler 23 and the stirring cage can be designed, and the number of the stirring cages is not limited; the discharging of the slag cooler can also be directly designed, and the design of the slag cooler can be in three modes of horizontal, inclined and vertical. And (5) arranging and combining according to the field requirement. The stirring cage design can be designed horizontally and with an inclined angle. The stirring cages are connected with each other, and can be connected in a straight line or in a cross multi-angle mode. The position of the shut-off fan 71 is not limited to the position designed in the drawing, and the number of the stirring cages can be installed in combination with the specific layout of the site, so that different positions can be selected for installation; the shut-off fan 71 may be controlled automatically by a motor or electrically, or may be designed as a heavy (weight) type mechanical control. The device is suitable for materials with the temperature of about 600 ℃ after carbonization, and is also suitable for materials with the temperature of 700-800 ℃ and below 500 ℃ and below 300 ℃.
Example III
The embodiment also provides a superheated steam carbonization organic matter tail gas treatment and thermal recycling system (tail gas treatment system), which is connected with a carbonization furnace operation unit and comprises a cyclone separator (connected with an exhaust manifold 14), a cyclone dust collector, a deodorizing furnace, a waste heat boiler, a superheated steam furnace (the superheated steam furnace is connected with a superheated steam manifold 13), an air heat exchanger, a semi-dry quenching tower, a dry absorption device, a bag dust collector, an induced draft fan, a spray tower, an absorption tower and a chimney which are sequentially arranged; the air inlet of the cyclone separator is used for being connected with a carbonization furnace, and materials to be treated in the carbonization furnace are carbonized and cracked at high temperature under the anaerobic condition to generate smoke which sequentially enters the cyclone separator, the cyclone dust collector, the deodorization furnace, the waste heat boiler, the superheated steam furnace, the air heat exchanger, the semi-dry quenching tower, the dry absorption device, the cloth bag dust collector, the induced draft fan, the spray tower, the absorption tower and the chimney under the action of the induced draft fan.
Preferably, the number of the cyclone separators is the same as that of the carbonization furnaces, the number of the cyclone separators is the same as that of the cyclone separators, each cyclone separator corresponds to one cyclone separator, and each cyclone separator corresponds to one carbonization furnace for connection. As a further technical scheme, the bottom of the cyclone separator is connected with a spiral stirring cage for dust conveying and collecting. As a further technical scheme, the cyclone dust collector is internally provided with a pulse back-blowing filter element, and the bottom of the cyclone dust collector is connected with a spiral stirring cage for dust conveying and collecting.
As a further technical scheme, the deodorization furnace comprises: and the flue gas from the deodorizing furnace is conveyed to the waste heat boiler.
As a further technical scheme, saturated steam generated by the waste heat boiler is conveyed to the superheated steam furnace for heat source utilization, the waste heat boiler is provided with a denitration system, and flue gas from the waste heat boiler is conveyed to the superheated steam furnace.
As a further technical solution, the superheated steam generated by the superheated steam furnace is delivered to a carbonization furnace, and the superheated steam furnace includes: and the furnace A and the furnace B are respectively connected with the air heat exchanger, and respectively utilize the flue gas waste heat from the waste heat boiler.
As a further technical scheme, the dry type absorption device comprises an active carbon venturi jet reactor arranged on a flue gas pipeline in front of the bag-type dust remover.
As a further technical scheme, the dry type absorption device comprises a slaked lime dry powder deacidification jet Venturi reactor arranged on a flue gas pipeline in front of the bag-type dust remover.
Example IV
The invention also provides a method of the novel device of the superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) respectively feeding the superheated steam into the first carbonization furnace, the second carbonization furnace and the third carbonization furnace by utilizing the superheated steam pipeline assembly so as to preheat each carbonization furnace, and starting feeding when the temperature is raised to 300-500 ℃.
Lifting the material to be treated in the storage bin by using a bucket elevator, controlling the feeding speed by using a variable frequency speed regulation device, throwing the lifting material of the bucket elevator into a spiral feeder through a feeding pipeline, throwing the material to be treated into a first carbonization furnace by using the variable frequency speed regulation device, pushing the carbonized material of the first carbonization furnace through a variable frequency speed reducer, fully contacting and carbonizing with superheated steam, conveying the material subjected to primary carbonization to a second carbonization furnace, pushing the carbonized material of the second carbonization furnace through the variable frequency speed reducer, fully contacting and carbonizing with the superheated steam, conveying the material subjected to secondary full carbonization to a third carbonization furnace, pushing the carbonized material of the third carbonization furnace through the variable frequency speed reducer, fully contacting and carbonizing with the superheated steam, discharging the carbonized material subjected to tertiary full carbonization through variable frequency control of a shut-off fan, and conveying the carbonized material to a discharging mechanism; all the transmissions from feeding of the storage bin to discharging after carbonization are frequency-variable speed-regulating feeding, so that continuous operation of materials is ensured, and smooth and fluent execution of continuous anaerobic carbonization of superheated steam is thoroughly realized.
And the carbonized high-temperature materials are cooled to be below 80 ℃ by utilizing a discharging mechanism (a fourth screw conveyor 22, a slag cooler 23 and a fifth screw conveyor 24), and the cooled materials are packaged or put into a liquid storage tank or a receiver.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. Novel device of continuous anaerobic carbonization stove of superheated steam, characterized by comprising: the device comprises a feeding mechanism, a carbonization furnace running unit, a discharging mechanism and a tail gas treatment system; the feeding mechanism is used for lifting materials to be treated to the upper part of the carbonization furnace operation unit and continuously conveying the materials to the carbonization furnace operation unit, the carbonization furnace operation unit comprises a plurality of carbonization furnaces, each carbonization furnace is sequentially vertically arranged or sequentially horizontally arranged, each carbonization furnace is filled with superheated steam, each carbonization furnace is sequentially connected so that the materials to be treated can be continuously carbonized without oxygen by the superheated steam, the tail gas treatment system is connected with the plurality of carbonization furnaces, the discharging mechanism comprises a plurality of screw conveyors and a slag cooler, and the screw conveyors and the slag cooler are sequentially connected so that the materials carbonized by the carbonization furnaces are continuously cooled; the discharging mechanism comprises: comprising the following steps: a fourth screw conveyor, a slag cooler and a fifth screw conveyor; the fourth screw conveyor is horizontally arranged, a feed inlet for allowing the superheated steam to enter is formed in the upper portion of the first end of the fourth screw conveyor, a discharge outlet is formed in the lower portion of the second end of the fourth screw conveyor, the discharge outlet of the fourth screw conveyor is connected with the feed inlet of the slag cooler, the discharge outlet of the slag cooler is connected with the feed inlet of the fifth screw conveyor, the fifth screw conveyor is horizontally arranged, a feed inlet is formed in the upper portion of one end of the fifth screw conveyor, and a first discharge outlet, a second discharge outlet and a third discharge outlet are formed in the bottom of the fifth screw conveyor at intervals; a fourth water cooling sleeve is arranged between the feeding hole and the discharging hole of the fourth screw conveyor, the fourth water cooling sleeve is coaxially sleeved in the working cavity of the fourth screw conveyor, a water inlet is arranged at the lower part of the first end of the fourth water cooling sleeve, and a water outlet is arranged at the upper part of the second end of the fourth water cooling sleeve; the fourth screw conveyor is provided with inspection ports on two sides of the fourth water cooling sleeve; the first discharge hole, the second discharge hole and the third discharge hole are respectively provided with pneumatic gate valves and are respectively connected to the liquid storage tank/the ton bag.
2. The novel device of the superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein the slag cooler comprises: the device comprises a base, a transmission motor, a rolling bracket, a transmission gear, a roller, a feeding device and a discharging device; the roller is arranged on the base through a rolling bracket; the transmission motor is connected with the outer circle large gear of the roller through a transmission gear; one end of the feeding device is connected with the first end of the roller, and the other end of the feeding device is connected with the discharge port of the fourth screw conveyor; one end of the discharging device is connected with the second end of the roller, and the other end of the discharging device is connected with the feeding port of the fifth screw conveyor; the roller is provided with a water cooling system, and the water cooling system is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet.
3. The novel device of the superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace according to claim 2, wherein the carbonization furnace operation unit comprises: the superheated steam pipeline assembly and the first carbonization furnace, the second carbonization furnace and the third carbonization furnace which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the upper inlet of the first end of the first carbonization furnace is connected with the outlet of the feeding channel of the feeding mechanism, the lower outlet of the second end of the first carbonization furnace is connected with the upper inlet of the second end of the second carbonization furnace, the lower outlet of the first end of the second carbonization furnace is connected with the upper inlet of the first end of the third carbonization furnace, and the lower outlet of the second end of the third carbonization furnace is connected with the discharging mechanism; the superheated steam pipeline assembly is respectively connected with the first carbonization furnace, the second carbonization furnace and the third carbonization furnace and is used for respectively inputting superheated steam with preset temperature into the first carbonization furnace, the second carbonization furnace and the third carbonization furnace.
4. The novel device of the superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace according to claim 3, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises: the device comprises a storage bin, a bucket elevator and a feeding channel, wherein the storage bin is arranged at the bottom of the bucket elevator, and the bucket elevator is used for lifting materials to be treated in the storage bin to an inlet of the feeding channel.
5. The novel apparatus for a superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace according to claim 4, wherein the superheated steam pipeline assembly comprises: the system comprises a superheated steam main pipe, a superheated steam branch pipe, an exhaust main pipe and an exhaust branch pipe; the superheated steam main pipe is connected with the first carbonization furnace, the second carbonization furnace and the third carbonization furnace respectively through various superheated steam branch pipes, and the exhaust main pipe is connected with the first carbonization furnace, the second carbonization furnace and the third carbonization furnace respectively through various exhaust branch pipes.
6. The novel apparatus for a superheated steam continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace according to claim 5, wherein the feed channel comprises: an upper inclined channel, a lower inclined channel and a screw pusher; the inlet of the spiral pusher is connected with the upper inclined channel, and the outlet of the spiral pusher is connected with the lower inclined channel; the upper inclined channel is connected with the upper part of the bucket elevator, and the lower inclined channel is connected with the inlet of the first carbonization furnace.
7. A method of a new apparatus for a continuous anaerobic carbonization furnace for superheated steam according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
respectively feeding superheated steam into a first carbonization furnace, a second carbonization furnace and a third carbonization furnace by utilizing a superheated steam pipeline assembly so as to preheat each carbonization furnace, and starting feeding when the temperature is raised to 300-500 ℃;
lifting the material to be treated in the storage bin by using a bucket elevator, controlling the feeding speed by using a variable frequency speed regulation device, throwing the lifting material of the bucket elevator into a spiral feeder through a feeding pipeline, throwing the material to be treated into a first carbonization furnace by using the variable frequency speed regulation device, pushing the carbonized material of the first carbonization furnace through a variable frequency speed reducer, fully contacting and carbonizing with superheated steam, conveying the material subjected to primary carbonization to a second carbonization furnace, pushing the carbonized material of the second carbonization furnace through the variable frequency speed reducer, fully contacting and carbonizing with the superheated steam, conveying the material subjected to secondary full carbonization to a third carbonization furnace, pushing the carbonized material of the third carbonization furnace through the variable frequency speed reducer, fully contacting and carbonizing with the superheated steam, discharging the carbonized material subjected to tertiary full carbonization through variable frequency control of a shut-off fan, and conveying the carbonized material to a discharging mechanism;
and (3) cooling the carbonized high-temperature material to below 80 ℃ by utilizing a fourth screw conveyor, a slag cooler and a fifth screw conveyor, and bagging or putting the cooled material into a liquid storage tank or a receiver.
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