CN109401629B - 一种除醛uv固化涂料涂装木地板 - Google Patents
一种除醛uv固化涂料涂装木地板 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种除醛UV固化涂料涂装木地板,其表面涂装两次除醛UV固化涂料,以重量计,除醛UV固化涂料中含有3%~20%的改性气相二氧化硅和5%~10%的除醛助剂;其中,改性气相SiO2通过卤硅烷在氢氧焰中高温水解缩合后再通过硅烷或硅氧烷改性枝接而得到;除醛助剂是将固体酸胶体包埋和封存在壳聚糖微型胶囊内形成的一种固体微粒,固体酸胶体包括SiO2‑Al2O3胶体或者B2O3‑Al2O3胶体其中的一种或者两种的混合物。该除醛UV固化涂料涂装木地板能够自身吸附、分解甲醛,并且制作工艺简单,可以满足不同光泽度的要求,产品环保性能强,能够适用于长期稳定改善居家环境。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及除醛木地板,特别涉及一种除醛UV固化涂料涂装木地板。
背景技术
实木复合地板是由不同树种的板材交错层压而成,克服了实木地板单向同性的缺点,干缩湿胀率小,具有较好的尺寸稳定性,并保留了实木地板的自然木纹和舒适的脚感,实木复合地板兼具强化地板的稳定性与实木地板的美观性,而且具有环保优势,并且实木复合地板既有普通实木地板的优点,又有效地调整了木材之间的内应力,改进了木材随季节干湿度变化而变形量大的缺点,因此,受到消费者的喜爱。但现有技术中,在生产制作实木复合地板的过程中,由于使用了一些粘合剂等化学试剂,使得实木复合地板含有大量甲醛。甲醛分子中有醛基,是一种重要的有机原料,是无色、具有强烈气味的刺激性气体。经常吸入少量甲醛,能引起慢性中毒,出现粘膜充血、皮肤刺激症、过敏性皮炎、指甲角化和脆弱、甲床指端疼痛等。全身症状有头痛、乏力、胃纳差、心悸、失眠、体重减轻以及植物神经紊乱等。由于技术和材料所限,目前在制造室内家俱和装修过程中还无法完全禁止使用含有甲醛组分的原材料,无法从源头上去除甲醛的危害,因此,高效和环境友好的室内甲醛去除材料具有良好的应用前景。由于不能全面限制甲醛使用,消除和降低甲醛危害是当务之急。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种除醛UV固化涂料涂装木地板。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种除醛UV固化涂料涂装木地板,其表面涂装两次除醛UV固化涂料,以重量计,除醛UV固化涂料中含有3%~20%的改性气相二氧化硅和5%~10%的除醛助剂;
其中,改性气相SiO2通过卤硅烷在氢氧焰中高温水解缩合后再通过硅烷或硅氧烷改性枝接而得到;
除醛助剂是将固体酸胶体包埋和封存在壳聚糖微型胶囊内形成的一种固体微粒,固体酸胶体包括SiO2-Al2O3胶体或者B2O3-Al2O3胶体其中的一种或者两种的混合物。
壳聚糖引入到固体酸胶体基体中时,没有发生化学变化,并且通过化学处理过程壳聚糖分子在固体酸胶体网络中进行了重新分布和组装,形成更为紧密的网状结构,产生更为丰富的空隙结构,处理后微胶囊的表面积和介孔体积都非常大,极易吸收气态甲醛。除醛助剂具有均匀的微球形形态。气态甲醛吸附测试实验显示,处理后的微胶囊吸附量非常高,远远大于相同用量的椰壳活性炭的甲醛吸附量。在固体酸胶体的催化下,微胶囊内的甲醛分子与壳聚糖中的伯胺之间形成了甲亚胺和席夫碱,并在空气中的氧气的作用下将甲醛分解成水和二氧化碳。
在除醛UV固化涂料的配制过程中,由于产品不同光泽度的要求,通常需要在涂料中添加白炭黑等哑光粉。当时在实际的使用过程中,发现普通的白炭黑等哑光粉的添加量对除醛助剂影响作用非常明显。在哑光粉添加比例较少的高光木地板中除醛助剂除醛表现正常,在哑光粉添加比例较多的哑光木地板中除醛助剂除醛表现下降较为明显。其原因可能是哑光粉破坏了固体酸胶体和微胶囊壳体,导致除醛助剂效果下降。
硅烷或硅氧烷改性枝接而得到的改性气相SiO2物理和化学性质等非常稳定,不会破坏固体酸胶体和微胶囊壳体,其添加量对除醛助剂除醛表现的影响不明显。由此可以使不同光泽度的木地板的均具有非常优异的清除甲醛的效果。
除醛UV固化涂料两次涂装的涂布量相同,均为3-8g/㎡。
在一些实施方式中,第一次涂装除醛UV固化涂料时,紫外线能量为80~100mj,照射时间为1~2秒;
第二次涂装除醛UV固化涂料时,紫外线能量为300~400mj,照射时间为3~4秒。
两次涂装可以形成相重叠的两个UV固化涂层,第一次涂装时紫外线能量相对较低,固化时聚合核心少,聚合链较长,便于形成致密的固化涂层;而第二次涂装时时紫外线能量相对较高,固化时聚合核心多,聚合链较断,便于形成多孔的固化涂层。
致密的涂层可以起到封闭的作用,阻隔和清除木地板本身挥发出的微量的甲醛。
而多孔的涂层则可以大大提高对室内环境中的甲醛的吸收效率,从而提高甲醛的清除效果。
在一些实施方式中,木地板在第一次涂装除醛UV固化涂料前,先进行基面处理,基面涂层包括:
(1)水性底漆涂层,涂布量为8-15g/㎡;
(2)附着底漆涂层,涂布量为10-20g/㎡;
(3)UV腻子涂层,涂布量为20-30g/㎡;
(4)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-25g/㎡;
(5)UV腻子涂层,涂布量为20-30g/㎡;
(6)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-25g/㎡;
(7)加硬底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(8)耐磨底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(9)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡。
在一些实施方式中,木地板在第一次涂装除醛UV固化涂料前,先进行基面处理,基面涂层包括:
(1)水性底漆涂层,涂布量为8-15g/㎡;
(2)附着底漆涂层,涂布量为10-20g/㎡;
(3)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-20g/㎡;
(4)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-20g/㎡;
(5)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-20g/㎡;
(6)加硬底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(7)耐磨底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(8)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为10-20g/㎡。
在一些实施方式中,木地板在第一次涂装除醛UV固化涂料前,先进行基面处理,基面涂层包括:
(1)水性底漆涂层,涂布量为8-15g/㎡;
(2)附着底漆涂层,涂布量为10-20g/㎡;
(3)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-20g/㎡;
(4)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-20g/㎡;
(5)加硬底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(6)耐磨底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(7)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡。
在一些实施方式中,木地板在第一次涂装除醛UV固化涂料前,先进行基面处理,基面涂层包括:
(1)水性底漆涂层,涂布量为8-15g/㎡;
(2)附着底漆涂层,涂布量为10-20g/㎡;
(3)弹性耐磨底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(4)弹性耐磨底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(5)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-20g/㎡;
(6)哑光底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
以下实施例中使用的型号为邦弗特和坚弗的涂料分别为湖南邦弗特新材料技术有限公司和上海坚弗特种涂料有限公司销售的系列涂料。白炭黑为普通市售的气相二氧化硅粉末。改性气相二氧化硅和除醛助剂由泰克诺斯涂料(上海)有限公司供应。
实施例1
按照表1中的涂装顺序分别制作木地板基板A~D。
实施例2
按照表2中的组份分别配制除醛UV固化涂料,其中20°哑光树脂比例和60°哑光树脂型号均为坚弗651344。
调配时先按照相应的重量比将20°哑光树脂和60°高光树脂混合得到混合树脂后,再按照混合树脂的重量分别添加相应的比例的哑光粉、改性气相SiO2和除醛助剂。
取基板C,分别使用配制的除醛UV固化涂料在其表面进行两次涂装。
其中,第一次涂装除醛UV固化涂料时,涂布量为5-6g/㎡,紫外线能量为80~100mj,照射时间为1~2秒;
第二次涂装除醛UV固化涂料时,涂布量为5-6g/㎡,紫外线能量为300~400mj,照射时间为3~4秒。
按照以上方法,分别制作除醛木地板E~L。
表2除醛UV固化涂料配比表
实施例3
配制除醛UV固化涂料,其中20°哑光树脂比例和60°哑光树脂型号的比例分别为64%和36%,改性气相SiO2和除醛助剂的比例分别为13%和5%。
取基板A、B和D,使用以上除醛UV固化涂料按照表3分别进行两次涂装,制作除醛木地板M、N和P。
表2除醛UV固化涂料涂布量和固化条件表
除醛效果检测和评价
试验步骤:
1、取十一个相同的密封箱,分别标号为密封箱1~11。
2、在每个密封箱内滴入2ml浓度为37%的甲醛溶液,在密封箱内同时放入相同的甲醛测试仪器。
3、每个密封箱内的甲醛溶液释放完后,各个密封箱内的甲醛测试仪上可显示出甲醛浓度接近7mg/m3。
4、各密封箱:
在密封箱1内放入本发明实施例2制备的除醛木地板E;
在密封箱2内放入本发明实施例2制备的除醛木地板F;
在密封箱3内放入本发明实施例2制备的除醛木地板G;
在密封箱4内放入本发明实施例2制备的除醛木地板H;
在密封箱5内放入本发明实施例2制备的除醛木地板I;
在密封箱6内放入本发明实施例2制备的除醛木地板J;
在密封箱7内放入本发明实施例2制备的除醛木地板K;
在密封箱8内放入本发明实施例2制备的除醛木地板L;
在密封箱9内放入本发明实施例3制备的除醛木地板M;
在密封箱10内放入本发明实施例3制备的除醛木地板N;
在密封箱11内放入本发明实施例3制备的除醛木地板P。
检测方法参考《室内空气净化功能涂覆材料净化性能》JC/T 1074-2008。
评价指标为:
甲醛净化性能≥75%;
甲醛净化效果持久性≥60%。
检测如表3所示。
表3除醛木地板除醛效果评价表
有上表可知:
(1)发现普通的白炭黑等哑光粉的添加量对除醛助剂影响作用非常明显。在哑光粉添加比例较少的高光木地板中除醛助剂除醛表现正常,在哑光粉添加比例较多的哑光木地板中除醛助剂除醛表现下降较为明显。其原因可能是哑光粉破坏了固体酸胶体和微胶囊壳体,导致除醛助剂效果下降。
(2)硅烷或硅氧烷改性枝接而得到的改性气相SiO2物理和化学性质等非常稳定,不会破坏固体酸胶体和微胶囊壳体,其添加量对除醛助剂除醛表现的影响不明显。由此可以使不同光泽度的除醛木地板的均具有非常优异的清除甲醛的效果。
(3)除醛木地板除醛性能与哑光与高光调配比例、哑光粉(气相二氧化硅)添加比例、除醛助剂添加比例、UV除醛树脂底漆工艺及涂布量、UV除醛树脂面漆涂布量和紫外线能量等有关。
(4)采用以上技术方案中的改性气相SiO2和除醛助剂调配的除醛UV固化涂料经过两次涂装和制作的除醛木地板的除醛效果,均高于相关标准的要求,具有高效的清除室内环境中的甲醛的效果。
以上所述的仅是本发明的一些实施方式。对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种除醛UV固化涂料涂装木地板,其特征在于,其表面涂装两次除醛UV固化涂料,以重量计,所述除醛UV固化涂料中含有3%~20%的改性气相二氧化硅和5%~10%的除醛助剂;
其中,所述改性气相SiO2通过卤硅烷在氢氧焰中高温水解缩合后再通过硅烷或硅氧烷改性枝接而得到;
所述除醛助剂是将固体酸胶体包埋和封存在壳聚糖微型胶囊内形成的一种固体微粒,所述固体酸胶体包括SiO2-Al2O3胶体或者B2O3-Al2O3胶体其中的一种或者两种的混合物;
所述除醛UV固化涂料两次涂装的涂布量相同,均为3-8g/㎡;
第一次涂装所述除醛UV固化涂料时,紫外线能量为80~100mj,照射时间为1~2秒;
第二次涂装所述除醛UV固化涂料时,紫外线能量为300~400mj,照射时间为3~4秒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的除醛UV固化涂料涂装木地板,其特征在于,木地板在第一次涂装所述除醛UV固化涂料前,先进行基面处理,所述基面涂层包括:
(1)水性底漆涂层,涂布量为8-15g/㎡;
(2)附着底漆涂层,涂布量为10-20g/㎡;
(3)UV腻子涂层,涂布量为20-30g/㎡;
(4)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-25g/㎡;
(5)UV腻子涂层,涂布量为20-30g/㎡;
(6)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-25g/㎡;
(7)加硬底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(8)耐磨底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(9)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡。
3.根据权利要求1所述的除醛UV固化涂料涂装木地板,其特征在于,木地板在第一次涂装所述除醛UV固化涂料前,先进行基面处理,所述基面涂层包括:
(1)水性底漆涂层,涂布量为8-15g/㎡;
(2)附着底漆涂层,涂布量为10-20g/㎡;
(3)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-20g/㎡;
(4)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-20g/㎡;
(5)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-20g/㎡;
(6)加硬底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(7)耐磨底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(8)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为10-20g/㎡。
4.根据权利要求1所述的除醛UV固化涂料涂装木地板,其特征在于,木地板在第一次涂装所述除醛UV固化涂料前,先进行基面处理,所述基面涂层包括:
(1)水性底漆涂层,涂布量为8-15g/㎡;
(2)附着底漆涂层,涂布量为10-20g/㎡;
(3)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-20g/㎡;
(4)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-20g/㎡;
(5)加硬底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(6)耐磨底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(7)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡。
5.根据权利要求1所述的除醛UV固化涂料涂装木地板,其特征在于,木地板在第一次涂装所述除醛UV固化涂料前,先进行基面处理,所述基面涂层包括:
(1)水性底漆涂层,涂布量为8-15g/㎡;
(2)附着底漆涂层,涂布量为10-20g/㎡;
(3)弹性耐磨底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(4)弹性耐磨底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡;
(5)砂光底漆涂层,涂布量为15-20g/㎡;
(6)哑光底漆涂层,涂布量为10-15g/㎡。
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