CN109389282A - A kind of electric energy meter production firm evaluation method based on gauss hybrid models - Google Patents
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Abstract
The electric energy meter production firm evaluation method based on gauss hybrid models that the invention discloses a kind of screens the evaluation index of electric energy meter quality comprising steps of obtaining the initial data of electric energy meter；Typical evaluation index data are extracted using gauss hybrid models clustering algorithm, cluster centre is obtained, forms the decision matrix of electric energy meter quality synthesis evaluation, and it is standardized by profit evaluation model and cost type respectively；Calculate separately weight of the electric energy meter items evaluation index based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP), entropy assessment, Pearson correlation coefficient method and VC Method, combining weights are obtained with the Combinatorial Optimization Model of index weights, processing is weighted to obtain the evaluating matrix of electric energy meter quality synthesis evaluation to decision matrix；Comprehensive assessment is carried out with quality of the angle measure to electric energy meter, trap queuing is carried out according to from high to low sequence by the quality of each electric energy meter supplier, obtains evaluation result.It can provide support precisely to calculate electric energy usage amount and electric energy income.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of power systems, more particularly to a kind of electric energy meter production firm based on gauss hybrid models
Evaluation method.
Background technique
With deepening continuously for power market reform, power marketing is increasingly by the attention of electric power enterprise.Electrical energy measurement
As the support link of power marketing, the data that provide the foundation are taken in precisely to calculate electric energy usage amount and electric energy.Electric energy meter
Quality can generate direct shadow to the quality of data of power information acquisition system, application level and electric power enterprise benefit
It rings.Therefore, the comprehensive quality assessment models and method for studying electric energy meter imitate the quality of data and electric power enterprise that improve electric energy meter
Benefit has very important practical significance.
Currently, the model and method of comprehensive assessment electric energy measuring equipment quality and supplier are not much, these models and side
Method is broadly divided into three classes: first kind method is that some Testing index (such as first inspection qualification rate) of foundation electric energy measuring equipment is right
Electric energy meter supplier carries out trap queuing；Second class method be propose multiple electric energy meter quality performance indicators from different perspectives, and
Comprehensive and trap queuing is carried out to index using simple additive weight, but since different indexs are to the shadow of electric energy measuring equipment quality
The degree of sound is different (not accounting for different indexs to the influence degree of electric energy meter quality), to cause the assessment of such method
As a result inaccurate；Third class method using expert graded, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (Analytic Hierarchy Process,
) etc. AHP subjective weighting methods directly or indirectly determine the weight of each index, it is contemplated that different indexs are to electric energy meter quality
Influence degree, but the knowledge and experience for being limited to expert is horizontal, and weight determines more subjectivity, so as to lead to electric energy meter
Quality assessment result differs greatly.
In order to timely and accurately monitor electric energy use state, a large amount of electric energy meter is mounted on user side, and terminal will periodically be used
Family metering and fault warning data are sent to power information acquisition system.Because of production batch and installation region difference, electric energy meter
Model is numerous, type is various, so electric energy meter believes the structuring for generating magnanimity and non-structured metering and fault warning
Breath, traditional data processing method have been difficult to be competent at.In addition, the non-mass such as ambient noise, electromagnetic interference factor may also be made
The problems such as generating bad data, empty data at electric energy meter.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention and the technical assignment of proposition are to be improved and improved to prior art,
A kind of electric energy meter production firm evaluation method based on gauss hybrid models is provided, with reach to electric energy meter quality make science,
The purpose of reasonable quantitative assessment.For this purpose, the present invention takes following technical scheme.
A kind of electric energy meter production firm evaluation method based on gauss hybrid models, which comprises the steps of:
1) initial data for obtaining electric energy meter in each batch and region determines 7 evaluation indexes as measurement electric energy meter
The evaluation index of quality is respectively as follows: load acquisition qualification rate α1, electric quantity data acquisition rate α2, time between failures α3, consider
Measure abnormal severely subnormal number α4, general frequency of abnormity α5, slight abnormality number α6And maintenance rate α7:
In formula: NsampIt is the total number of sampling time section, Tsamp,iIt is the time span of i-th sampling,It is i.e. total
Sampling time；Mi、mi、CiAnd ciIt is the number of electric energy meter load data qualification, load data in the ith sample period respectively
The data volume of total number, the theoretical data volume and actual acquisition that should be acquired；Fser,i、Fgen,i、Fun,iWhen being ith sample respectively
Between in section electric energy meter serious, general and minor failure number occurs；Nsamp,FIt is to first appear Fser,i+Fgen,i+Fun,i≠ 0
Sampling time section；TrateAnd TFIt is specified runing time and the failure idle time of electric energy meter respectively；
2) the typical evaluation index data in electric energy meter mass data are extracted using gauss hybrid models clustering algorithm, obtained
Cluster centre, forms the decision matrix of electric energy meter quality synthesis evaluation, and presses profit evaluation model and cost type progress standard respectively to it
Change processing；
3) calculate separately electric energy meter items evaluation index be based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP), entropy assessment, Pearson correlation coefficient method with
And the weight of VC Method, combining weights then are obtained with the Combinatorial Optimization Model of index weights, decision matrix is added
Power processing is to obtain the evaluating matrix of electric energy meter quality synthesis evaluation；
4) according to evaluating matrix, comprehensive assessment is carried out with quality of the angle measure to electric energy meter, according to from high to low
The quality of each electric energy meter supplier is carried out trap queuing by sequence, obtains evaluation result.
As optimization technique means: in step 2) gauss hybrid models clustering algorithm:
Assuming that GMM is mixed by K Gaussian Profile, then each Gaussian Profile is referred to as one " component ", these " components "
Linear, additive is the probability density function of GMM:
In formula: ωkIndicate the weight of k-th of multidimensional list Gaussian Profile, Nk(x；μk；Σk) indicate k-th of multidimensional list Gauss
The probability density function of distribution, x indicate data sample column vector, μkIndicate the Mean Vector of k-th of Gauss model, ΣkIt indicates
The variance of k-th of Gauss model；
The GMM clustering algorithm process of electric energy meter qualitative data are as follows:
205) l=0 is enabled, the ω of initialization is randomly choosed(l),μ(l),Σ(l), seek i-th of sample point xiIt is high to belong to kth class
The initialization posterior probability of this model:
206) by the 201) result that step obtains substitute into the GMM clustering parameter that maximum likelihood formula calculates the l+1 times iteration:
In formula: N is data point number to be clustered；
If 207)(ε generally takes 10 for establishment-5), then iteration terminates,The GMM clustering parameter as estimated continues in next step；Otherwise, the 2) step is returned to；
208) i-th of sample point x is calculated using Bayes formulaiBelong to the probability of kth class Gauss model:
According to Bayesian probability maximal criterion, by i-th of sample point xiBeing divided into makes its Probability p (μk,Σk|xi) obtain most
In that big class Gauss model.
As optimization technique means: in step 2), decision matrix are as follows:
In formula: dijIndicate that i-th of electric energy meter supplier, j-th of finger target value, P are electric energy meter supplier number, Q is to measure
The evaluation index number of the electric energy meter quality of supplier, Q is equal to 7 wherein；
Profit evaluation model criterion processing method are as follows:
Cost type criterion processing method are as follows:
In formula:WithRespectively indicate in all P electric energy meters supplier the minimum value of index j and most
Big value；Ω1Indicate profit evaluation model index set, wherein Ω1={ 1,2,3 }；Ω2Indicate cost type index set, wherein Ω2=
{4,5,6,7}。
As optimization technique means: in step 3), analytic hierarchy process (AHP), entropy assessment, correlation coefficient process and change is respectively adopted
Different Y-factor method Y calculates electric energy meter quality index weight, then calculates combining weights with the Combinatorial Optimization Model of index, in which:
Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are as follows: set Q index as U={ u1,u2,…,uQ, two indices u is taken every timeiAnd uj, by 1~9
Ratio aijIndicate index uiWith ujTo the ratio between the influence degree of electric energy meter quality, the bigger expression u of numerical valueiRelative to ujIt is heavier
It wants；It can be obtained the judgment matrix A=(a of an electric energy meter quality evaluation problem in this wayij)Q×Q, which has as follows
Property: aij>0,aji=1/aij, (i=1,2 ..., Q；J=1,2 ..., Q)；First to judgment matrix A before parameter weight
It carries out consistency check and illustrates a if consistency check does not pass throughijValue is inconsistent, needs assignment again；If logical
It crosses, then illustrates aijValue is self-consistent, and judgment matrix A can be used for seeking index weights；Seeking index weights can be with arranging and asks
Inverse method, it may be assumed that
By bjNormalization, the index weights after can acquiring normalization are
In formula:And
The entropy weight of electric energy meter quality index are as follows:
In formula: κ indicates constant κ=1/lnP,And assume fijWhen=0, fijlnfij=0；And
When calculating Pearson correlation coefficient weight: assuming that d 'x=(d '1x,d′2x,...,d′Px)TWith d 'y=(d '1y,d
′2y,...,d′Py)TIndicate two column vectors of standardization decision matrix D ', then the skin between x-th of index and y-th of index
You are defined as inferior related coefficient
In formula:WithIt is vector d ' respectivelyxWith d 'yAverage value；Weight definition based on Pearson correlation coefficient is
In formula:And
When calculating VC Method weight: index ujThe coefficient of variation is defined as:
In formula:Indicate vector (d '1j,d′2j,...,d′Pj)TAverage value；Index weights based on VC Method are fixed
Justice are as follows:
In formula:And
The Combinatorial Optimization Model of index weights are as follows:
In formula:Indicate the combining weights of j-th of electric energy meter quality index to be optimized,It indicates to use kth kind method
The weight of j-th obtained of index is solved, G indicates the number of Weight Determination,It indicatesSubordinating degree function；
Obviously,It is bigger, weightWith final combining weights more close to.
As optimization technique means: comprehensive assessment is carried out with quality of the angle measure to electric energy meter in step 4), including
Step:
405) evaluating matrix of the P corresponding Q quality index of supplier to be assessed is formed
R=(rij)P×Q
In formula:
406) ideal point and Negative ideal point in electric energy meter quality evaluation are calculated, is respectively
In formula:
407) angle distance of the electric energy meter quality index and ideal point, Negative ideal point under each supplier is calculated separately,
I.e.
In formula: ri=(ri1,ri2,...,riQ) indicate evaluating matrix R i-th of row vector；
408) the angle approximation ratio of the electric energy meter quality index and ideal point under each supplier is calculated, i.e.,
It can be seen that the electric energy meter quality of i-th of supplier production is better, γiCloser in 1；Conversely, quality is poorer,
γiCloser to 0；It therefore, can be according to γiThe size of value obtains the assessment result of electric energy meter quality.
The utility model has the advantages that the technical program is cleaned collected initial data, is filled up and clustering will help
In the quality of data for improving electric energy meter, the storage size and calculation amount of the electric energy meter comprehensive assessment models of subsequent proposition are reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is electric energy meter qualitative data scatter plot and GMM cluster result under the 1st supplier；
Fig. 3 is electric energy meter qualitative data scatter plot and GMM cluster result under the 3rd supplier；
Fig. 4 is electric energy meter qualitative data scatter plot and GMM cluster result under the 12nd supplier.
Specific embodiment
Purpose, technical solution and technical effect for a better understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention
Carry out further explaining illustration.
The electric energy meter production firm evaluation based on metering big data Clustering Model of the present embodiment is shown with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 1
Method flow diagram includes the following steps:
S10 obtains the initial data of electric energy meter, and screen the evaluation index of 7 measurement electric energy meter quality: load acquisition is qualified
Rate, electric quantity data acquisition rate, time between failures consider the abnormal severely subnormal number of metering, general frequency of abnormity, light
Micro- frequency of abnormity and maintenance rate；
In the present embodiment:
Electric energy meter is divided into four supplier, model, batch and individual equipment levels, and in metering automation system generally with
Individual equipment is unit storing data.Currently, the electric energy meter qualitative data acquired in metering automation system includes negative
Lotus acquires qualification rate α1, electric quantity data acquisition rate α2, time between failures α3, consider the abnormal severely subnormal number of metering
α4, general frequency of abnormity α5, slight abnormality number α6And maintenance rate α7, meaning respectively can be with are as follows:
In formula: NsampIt is the total number of sampling time section, Tsamp,iIt is the time span of i-th sampling,It is i.e. total
Sampling time；Mi、mi、CiAnd ciIt is the number of electric energy meter load data qualification, load data in the ith sample period respectively
The data volume of total number, the theoretical data volume and actual acquisition that should be acquired；Fser,i、Fgen,i、Fun,iWhen being ith sample respectively
Between in section electric energy meter serious, general and minor failure number occurs；Nsamp,FIt is to first appear Fser,i+Fgen,i+Fun,i≠ 0
Sampling time section；TrateAnd TFIt is specified runing time and the failure idle time of electric energy meter respectively.
S20 is extracted in electric energy meter mass data using the gauss hybrid models clustering algorithm in big data analysis technology
Typical index data obtain cluster centre, form the decision matrix of electric energy meter quality synthesis evaluation, and press benefit respectively to it
Type and cost type are standardized；
In the present embodiment:
The electric energy meter of each supplier's production is large number of, model is complicated, therefore the derived electric energy meter data from system
It not can be used directly in the quality evaluation to each supplier.For this purpose, the data clusters side in big data analysis technology can be used
Method excavates the characteristic feature of each supplier's electric energy meter quality, to realize the comprehensive assessment to its quality.
Gauss hybrid models (Gaussian Mixture Model, GMM) are described with Gaussian Profile probability density function
Data, a large data sets can be decomposed into several models for meeting Gaussian Profile by it.Therefore, gauss hybrid models can
For data clusters, the characteristic feature in data set is extracted.Assuming that GMM is mixed by K Gaussian Profile, then each Gauss
Distribution is referred to as one " component ", these " component " linear, additives are the probability density function of GMM:
In formula: ωkIndicate the weight of k-th of multidimensional list Gaussian Profile, Nk(x；μk；Σk) indicate k-th of multidimensional list Gauss
The probability density function of distribution, x indicate data sample column vector, μkIndicate the Mean Vector of k-th of Gauss model, ΣkIt indicates
The variance of k-th of Gauss model.
The quality of electric energy meter is influenced by multiple independent factors, and these factors are not conclusive.According to center
Limit theorem, it is believed that the achievement data with a batch of electric energy meter quality meets Gaussian Profile.A certain electric energy meter is supplied
The equipment of K batch under quotient, it is believed that the achievement data of its quality is the superposition of K Gaussian distribution model.Therefore, Gauss
Mixed model clustering algorithm is suitable for excavating the achievement data of electric energy meter quality.Before carrying out GMM cluster, it is necessary first to estimate
The parameter of each Gaussian distribution model is counted, [is estimated using expectation-maximization algorithm here.Therefore, electric energy meter qualitative data
GMM clustering algorithm process can be with are as follows:
201) l=0 is enabled, the ω of initialization is randomly choosed(l),μ(l),Σ(l), seek i-th of sample point xiIt is high to belong to kth class
The initialization posterior probability of this model:
202) by the 1) result that step obtains substitute into the GMM clustering parameter that maximum likelihood formula calculates the l+1 times iteration:
In formula: N is data point number to be clustered.
If 203)(ε generally takes 10 for establishment-5), then iteration terminates,The GMM clustering parameter as estimated continues in next step；Otherwise, the 2) step is returned to；
204) i-th of sample point x is calculated using Bayes formulaiBelong to the probability of kth class Gauss model:
According to Bayesian probability maximal criterion, by i-th of sample point xiBeing divided into makes its Probability p (μk,Σk|xi) obtain most
In that big class Gauss model.
When all sample points according to above-mentioned steps be divided into respectively belonging to Gauss model after, GMM cluster complete simultaneously
Obtain corresponding cluster centre.GMM clustering algorithm has been given up redundancy in electric energy meter quality evaluation original index data and has not been weighed
The information wanted, but remain the significant data and characteristic feature of original index data.Therefore, GMM clustering algorithm greatly reduces
The scale of data, the calculation amount for reducing comprehensive assessment, but have little influence on the accuracy of electric energy meter quality synthesis evaluation.
If D is the decision matrix of electric energy meter quality evaluation problem, the element d in DijIndicate i-th of electric energy meter supplier jth
A finger target value.Because the dimension between different indexs is different, cannot the significance level directly to each index compare
Compared with needing to be normalized.In addition, electric energy meter quality index is also divided into two class of profit evaluation model and cost type, profit evaluation model index
The bigger representation quality of numerical value is better, and cost type index value is bigger, and representation quality is poorer.Therefore, first before determining index weights
First D is normalized with the decision matrix D ' after being normalized, normalized processing formula can be with are as follows:
In formula:WithRespectively indicate in all P electric energy meters supplier the minimum value of index j and most
Big value；Ω1Indicate profit evaluation model index set, wherein Ω1={ 1,2,3 }；Ω2Indicate cost type index set, wherein Ω2=
{4,5,6,7}。
S30, calculate separately electric energy meter indices be based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP), entropy assessment, Pearson correlation coefficient method and
Then the weight of VC Method obtains combining weights with the Combinatorial Optimization Model of index weights, is weighted to decision matrix
Processing is to obtain the evaluating matrix of electric energy meter quality synthesis evaluation；
In the present embodiment:
AHP method passes through important degree two-by-two between index, obtains the weight of each index indirectly, this method belongs to one kind
Subjective weighting method.If Q index is U={ u1,u2,…,uQ}.Two indices u is taken every timeiAnd uj, in 1~9 ratio aij
Indicate index uiWith ujTo the ratio between the influence degree of electric energy meter quality, the bigger expression u of numerical valueiRelative to ujIt is more important.So i.e.
It can get the judgment matrix A=(a of an electric energy meter quality evaluation problemij)Q×Q, which has the property that aij>
0,aji=1/aij, (i=1,2 ..., Q；J=1,2 ..., Q).Judgment matrix A is carried out first before parameter weight consistent
Property examine, if consistency check does not pass through, illustrate aijValue is inconsistent, needs assignment again；If passed through, say
Bright aijValue is self-consistent, and judgment matrix A can be used for seeking index weights.It can are as follows:
By bjNormalization, the index weights after can acquiring normalization are
In formula:And
In informatics, entropy is used to characterize the unordered degree of system and the deviation degree of data.The comentropy of index is bigger
Then its information for providing in comprehensive assessment is fewer, and corresponding weight also should be smaller；Conversely, its comentropy is smaller, then weigh
Weight should be bigger.Therefore, electric energy meter quality index ujEntropy HjIt can be defined as
In formula: κ indicates constant κ=1/lnP,And assume fijWhen=0, fijlnfij=0.Accordingly,
The entropy weight of j-th of electric energy meter quality index can be defined as
In formula:And
Be used to measure relevance between two variables in related coefficient in statistics, including Pearson correlation coefficient, this
Joseph Pearman related coefficient and Kendall's correlations coefficient etc., wherein Pearson correlation coefficient is more suitable for meeting the number of normal distribution
According to[17], therefore the present invention using Pearson correlation coefficient come in parameter degree of correlation.The bigger theory of degree of correlation
The repeatability of information is bigger between bright index, and the weight of corresponding index is answered smaller；Conversely, degree of correlation is smaller, weight Ying Yue great.
Assuming that d 'x=(d '1x,d′2x,...,d′Px)TWith d 'y=(d '1y,d′2y,...,d′Py)TIndicate standardization decision matrix D's '
Two column vectors, then the Pearson correlation coefficient between x-th of index and y-th of index can be with is defined as:
In formula:WithIt is vector d ' respectivelyxWith d 'yAverage value.Therefore, the weight based on correlation coefficient process can determine
Justice is
In formula:And
VC Method is a kind of objective weighted model that index weights are determined to specific strength according between achievement data.Certain
The degree of variation of a index is bigger, illustrates it relative to the bigger to specific strength of other indexs, then to assessment in comprehensive assessment
The importance of object is higher, thus its weight also Ying Yue great；Conversely, degree of variation is smaller, weight is answered smaller.Index ujChange
Different coefficient can be with is defined as:
In formula:Indicate vector (d '1j,d′2j,...,d′Pj)TAverage value.Therefore, based on the index of VC Method
Weight can be defined as
In formula:And
Although above-mentioned 4 kinds of masters, objective methods are simple and easy, there is certain deficiency.Subjective weighting method is only in accordance with special
The experience of family, it is easy to cause subjective preferences too strong；Objective weighted model only relies on real data, but real data may go out
Existing certain error, so as to cause assessment result not meet reality.In order to fully consider that the subjectivity according to expertise is beaten
Point, while the feature according to data itself is modified weight, it is maximum that the present invention is based on weight degrees of membership, constructs electric energy
The Combinatorial Optimization Model of table quality index weight, it can be
In formula:Indicate the combining weights of j-th of electric energy meter quality index to be optimized,It indicates to use kth kind method
The weight of j-th obtained of index is solved, G indicates the number of Weight Determination,It indicatesSubordinating degree function.
Obviously,It is bigger, weightWith final combining weights more close to.
S40 carries out comprehensive assessment with quality of the angle measure to electric energy meter according to evaluating matrix, according to from high to low
Sequence the quality of each electric energy meter supplier is subjected to trap queuing, obtain evaluation result.
In the present embodiment:
After the combining weights for determining each electric energy meter quality index, the comprehensive quality assessment of electric energy meter can be converted into one
Multiple Attribute Decision Problems.Angle measure is using angle the estimating as distance between variable, according to evaluation object and reason
The approximation ratio of wanting target is ranked up.Therefore, the process of the electric energy meter comprehensive quality evaluation based on angle measure can be with
Are as follows:
401) evaluating matrix of the P corresponding Q quality index of supplier to be assessed is formed
R=(rij)P×Q
In formula:
402) ideal point and Negative ideal point in electric energy meter quality evaluation are calculated, is respectively
In formula:
403) angle distance of the electric energy meter quality index and ideal point, Negative ideal point under each supplier is calculated separately,
I.e.
In formula: ri=(ri1,ri2,...,riQ) indicate evaluating matrix R i-th of row vector.
404) the angle approximation ratio of the electric energy meter quality index and ideal point under each supplier is calculated, i.e.,
It can be seen that the electric energy meter quality of i-th of supplier production is better, γiCloser in 1；Conversely, quality is poorer,
γiCloser to 0.It therefore, can be according to γiThe size of value obtains the assessment result of electric energy meter quality.
For a further understanding of the present invention, below using the somewhere of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Company Ningbo power supply company administration
The electric energy meter data in area carry out Simulation Example, which shares 11565 datas, by that can use after data cleansing
Data are 11312, share 17 electric energy meter suppliers to be assessed, there is several equipment batches under each supplier, all
Equipment lot count is 58.
The data of 17 suppliers and its 58 batches are re-started into number in order, are with the 1st, 3,12 supplier
The effect of example analysis GMM clustering algorithm.There are 2 batches under 1st supplier, totally 142 electric energy meters；Under 3rd supplier
There are 4 batches, totally 496 electric energy meters, there are 6 batches under the 12nd supplier, totally 1514 electric energy meters.Every electric energy meter is all
There are 7 indexs, Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 respectively shows each quality of electric energy meter under the 1st, 3,12 supplier after normalized
The scatter plot of index and the cluster centre after GMM is clustered.
Figure it is seen that the initial data of reflection electric energy meter quality is more, it is not easy to be directly used in subsequent quality and comment
Estimate.However, the qualitative data of 142 electric energy meters under the 1st supplier meets 2 multidimensional height after the analysis of GMM algorithm
The superposition of this distributed model, therefore this 142 electric energy meters can be gathered into typical 2 class, cluster centre is respectively such as circle in Fig. 2
Shown in point.Therefore, the qualitative character of this 142 electric energy meters can be characterized with 2 typical electric energy meters.It similarly, can be with from Fig. 3
Find out, the qualitative data of 496 electric energy meters under the 3rd supplier meets the superposition of 4 Multi-dimensional Gaussian distribution models, therefore can
The qualitative character of this 496 electric energy meters is characterized with 4 typical electric energy meters；From fig. 4, it can be seen that under the 12nd supplier
The qualitative data of 1514 electric energy meters meets the superposition of 6 Multi-dimensional Gaussian distribution models, therefore can use 6 typical electric energy meters
Levy the qualitative character of this 1514 electric energy meters.The initial data of mass electric energy meter quality evaluation is compressed as a result, redundancy and
Unessential information is rejected, and important, typical feature is retained, so that the optimization of subsequent index weights and quality comprehensive
The calculation amount of assessment all substantially reduces.
GMM clustering is carried out to the electric energy meter under each supplier, the electric energy for characterizing each supplier can be obtained
The exemplary power table of table quality, then these corresponding indexs of exemplary power table are averaged can be obtained it is as shown in Table 1
Decision matrix D '.
Electric energy meter quality decision matrix after the standardization of table 1
It is assumed that expert is to the judgment matrix A of index
Through examining, A meets coherence request, calculates the weight based on AHP method, the results are shown in Table 2.In addition, table 2
The index weights based on entropy assessment, correlation coefficient process, VC Method and Combinatorial Optimization Model are also set forth.It can from table 2
To find out: objective weight plays certain correcting action to subjective weight, and according to expertise, the severely subnormal of electric energy meter refers to
Mark α4Biggish weight should be occupied, but other three kinds of objective weighted models are all to α4Lesser weight is given, this is because original number
The α of each supplier in4Numerical value difference is little.Therefore it is compared with other indexs, which is difficult to distinguish each supplier's
Electric energy meter quality good or not, therefore lesser weight should be assigned.
The index weights that 2 distinct methods of table are calculated
Then, based on obtained indicator combination weight, the evaluating matrix R of electric energy meter quality is formed, and then uses angle degree
Amount method carries out comprehensive assessment to the quality of electric energy meter, finally obtains the result of electric energy meter quality synthesis evaluation as shown in table 3.
3 electric energy meter quality synthesis evaluation result of table
As can be seen from Table 3: top-quality preceding 9 suppliers of electric energy meter are respectively as follows: 10,9,5,7,6,13,11,16
With 4, wherein assessed value highest of the 10th supplier in electric energy meter quality synthesis evaluation, the assessed value of the 15th supplier
It is minimum.The electric energy meter achievement data shown in the table 1 it can be seen that the 10th supplier time between failures, severely subnormal
The two indexs of number numerical value in all suppliers is maximum, and the numerical values recited of remaining 5 index all comes front three, so
The electric energy meter of 10th supplier production is best in quality；Although the 15th supplier takes in this index of electric quantity data acquisition rate
It is worth larger, but it is smaller in the value of remaining 6 indexs, especially in this index of time between failures, the 15th confession
The value very little of quotient is answered, value is only 0.0700, however the combining weights of the index reach 0.5575, and significance level far surpasses remaining
All indexs.Therefore, it is reasonable that the electric energy meter quality judging the 15th supplier produced, which is worst,.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of electric energy meter production firm evaluation method based on gauss hybrid models, which comprises the steps of:
1) initial data for obtaining electric energy meter in each batch and region determines 7 evaluation indexes as measurement electric energy meter quality
Evaluation index, be respectively as follows: load acquisition qualification rate α1, electric quantity data acquisition rate α2, time between failures α3, consider metering
Abnormal severely subnormal number α4, general frequency of abnormity α5, slight abnormality number α6And maintenance rate α7:
In formula: NsampIt is the total number of sampling time section, Tsamp,iIt is the time span of i-th sampling,I.e. total sampling
Time；Mi、mi、CiAnd ciIt is that the number of electric energy meter load data qualification, load data are always a in the ith sample period respectively
The data volume of number, the theoretical data volume and actual acquisition that should be acquired；Fser,i、Fgen,i、Fun,iIt is in the ith sample period respectively
Serious, general and minor failure number occurs for electric energy meter；Nsamp,FIt is to first appear Fser,i+Fgen,i+Fun,iWhen ≠ 0 sampling
Between section；TrateAnd TFIt is specified runing time and the failure idle time of electric energy meter respectively；
2) the typical evaluation index data in electric energy meter mass data are extracted using gauss hybrid models clustering algorithm, obtains cluster
Center, forms the decision matrix of electric energy meter quality synthesis evaluation, and is standardized place by profit evaluation model and cost type respectively to it
Reason；
3) it calculates separately electric energy meter items evaluation index and is based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP), entropy assessment, Pearson correlation coefficient method and change
Then the weight of different Y-factor method Y obtains combining weights with the Combinatorial Optimization Model of index weights, is weighted place to decision matrix
Reason is to obtain the evaluating matrix of electric energy meter quality synthesis evaluation；
4) according to evaluating matrix, comprehensive assessment is carried out with quality of the angle measure to electric energy meter, according to from high to low sequence
The quality of each electric energy meter supplier is subjected to trap queuing, obtains evaluation result.
2. a kind of electric energy meter production firm evaluation method based on gauss hybrid models according to claim 1, feature
It is, in step 2) gauss hybrid models clustering algorithm:
Assuming that GMM is mixed by K Gaussian Profile, then each Gaussian Profile is referred to as one " component ", these " components " are linear
It is added as the probability density function of GMM:
In formula: ωkIndicate the weight of k-th of multidimensional list Gaussian Profile, Nk(x；μk；Σk) indicate k-th of multidimensional list Gaussian Profile
Probability density function, x indicate data sample column vector, μkIndicate the Mean Vector of k-th of Gauss model, ΣkIndicate k-th high
The variance of this model；
The GMM clustering algorithm process of electric energy meter qualitative data are as follows:
201) l=0 is enabled, the ω of initialization is randomly choosed(l),μ(l),Σ(l), seek i-th of sample point xiBelong to kth class Gaussian mode
The initialization posterior probability of type:
202) by the 201) result that step obtains substitute into the GMM clustering parameter that maximum likelihood formula calculates the l+1 times iteration:
In formula: N is data point number to be clustered；
If 203)(ε generally takes 10 for establishment-5), then iteration terminates,The GMM clustering parameter as estimated continues in next step；Otherwise, the 2) step is returned to；
204) i-th of sample point x is calculated using Bayes formulaiBelong to the probability of kth class Gauss model:
According to Bayesian probability maximal criterion, by i-th of sample point xiBeing divided into makes its Probability p (μk,Σk|xi) obtain it is maximum
In that class Gauss model.
3. a kind of electric energy meter production firm evaluation method based on gauss hybrid models according to claim 1, feature
It is, in step 2), decision matrix are as follows:
In formula: dijIndicate that i-th of electric energy meter supplier, j-th of finger target value, P are electric energy meter supplier number, Q is to measure supply
The evaluation index number of the electric energy meter quality of quotient, Q is equal to 7 wherein；
Profit evaluation model criterion processing method are as follows:
Cost type criterion processing method are as follows:
In formula:WithRespectively indicate the minimum value and maximum value of index j in all P electric energy meters supplier；
Ω1Indicate profit evaluation model index set, wherein Ω1={ 1,2,3 }；Ω2Indicate cost type index set, wherein Ω2=4,5,6,
7}。
4. a kind of electric energy meter production firm evaluation method based on gauss hybrid models according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In step 3), analytic hierarchy process (AHP), entropy assessment, correlation coefficient process and VC Method is respectively adopted and calculates electric energy meter quality index
Weight then calculates combining weights with the Combinatorial Optimization Model of index, in which:
Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are as follows: set Q index as U={ u1,u2,…,uQ, two indices u is taken every timeiAnd uj, in 1~9 ratio
Use aijIndicate index uiWith ujTo the ratio between the influence degree of electric energy meter quality, the bigger expression u of numerical valueiRelative to ujIt is more important；In this way
It can be obtained the judgment matrix A=(a of an electric energy meter quality evaluation problemij)Q×Q, which has the property that aij>
0,aji=1/aij, (i=1,2 ..., Q；J=1,2 ..., Q)；Consistency is carried out to judgment matrix A first before parameter weight
It examines, if consistency check does not pass through, illustrates aijValue is inconsistent, needs assignment again；If passed through, illustrate
aijValue is self-consistent, and judgment matrix A can be used for seeking index weights；The method that arranges and invert can be used by seeking index weights, it may be assumed that
By bjNormalization, the index weights after can acquiring normalization are
In formula:And
The entropy weight of electric energy meter quality index are as follows:
In formula: κ indicates constant κ=1/lnP,And assume fijWhen=0, fijlnfij=0；
And
When calculating Pearson correlation coefficient weight: assuming that d 'x=(d '1x,d′2x,...,d′Px)TWith d 'y=(d '1y,d′2y,...,
d′Py)TIndicate two column vectors of standardization decision matrix D ', then the Pearson came between x-th of index and y-th of index is related
Coefficient is defined as
In formula:WithIt is vector d ' respectivelyxWith d 'yAverage value；Weight definition based on Pearson correlation coefficient is
In formula:And
When calculating VC Method weight: index ujThe coefficient of variation is defined as:
In formula:Indicate vector (d '1j,d′2j,...,d′Pj)TAverage value；Index weights based on VC Method is defined as:
In formula:And
The Combinatorial Optimization Model of index weights are as follows:
In formula:Indicate the combining weights of j-th of electric energy meter quality index to be optimized,It indicates to solve using kth kind method
The weight of j-th obtained of index, G indicate the number of Weight Determination,It indicatesSubordinating degree function；Obviously,It is bigger, weightWith final combining weights more close to.
5. a kind of electric energy meter production firm evaluation method based on gauss hybrid models according to claim 1, feature
It is, carries out comprehensive assessment with quality of the angle measure to electric energy meter in step 4), comprising steps of
401) evaluating matrix of the P corresponding Q quality index of supplier to be assessed is formed
R=(rij)P×Q
In formula:
402) ideal point and Negative ideal point in electric energy meter quality evaluation are calculated, is respectively
In formula:
403) angle distance of the electric energy meter quality index and ideal point, Negative ideal point under each supplier is calculated separately, i.e.,
In formula: ri=(ri1,ri2,...,riQ) indicate evaluating matrix R i-th of row vector；
404) the angle approximation ratio of the electric energy meter quality index and ideal point under each supplier is calculated, i.e.,
It can be seen that the electric energy meter quality of i-th of supplier production is better, γiCloser in 1；Conversely, quality is poorer, γiMore
Close to 0；It therefore, can be according to γiThe size of value obtains the assessment result of electric energy meter quality.
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