CN109375684A - PID control method - Google Patents
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- CN109375684A CN109375684A CN201811517570.2A CN201811517570A CN109375684A CN 109375684 A CN109375684 A CN 109375684A CN 201811517570 A CN201811517570 A CN 201811517570A CN 109375684 A CN109375684 A CN 109375684A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
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Abstract
The present invention provides PID control methods, comprising: step A: the temperature and humidity in acquisition system;Step B: according to set temperature and setting humidity, collected Current Temperatures and current humidity, ptc heater in control system, in constant temperature and humidity system component output power;Step C: utilizing increment type PID algorithm, is calculated according to the difference of the set temperature and the difference of Current Temperatures, setting humidity and current humidity, while according to the output power of component in the starting time and constant temperature and humidity system for adjusting ptc heater.Difference of the PID control method provided by the invention based on actual room temperature and actual temperature and the setting value to be corrected in system, adjust automatically, using closed-loop automatic control, avoid the operation of controlled section aerial temperature and humidity frequent fluctuation, constant temperature and humidity system high energy consumption, overall operation cost is reduced, Temperature and Humidity Control precision is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of electrical control, and in particular to a kind of PID control is related to a kind of PID control of constant temperature and humidity system
Method processed.
Background technique
Currently, the application of constant temperature and humidity system is more and more, such as in electronics, hospital, metering, weaving and optics instrument
The fields such as device, food, especially cigar, red wine etc. need to guarantee at some products or operation to the field of environmental requirement harshness
In the environment of constant temperature and humidity.But current constant temperature and humidity system has the following problems:
Refrigeration system cannot accurately control the surface temperature of evaporator (i.e. heat exchanger), indoors only refrigeration demand and without dehumidifying
When demand, after compressor start, the temperature of evaporator is in the corresponding dew-point temperature of air themperature hereinafter, causing in air
Moisture is condensed, and humidity is caused to decline, and leads to the passive humidification of system therefrom, causes the increase of moisture fluctuation and energy consumption.
Due to cannot accurately control the surface temperature of evaporator, when system only has dehumidification without refrigeration demand, compression
After machine starting, evaporator temperature is far below the corresponding dew-point temperature of air themperature, causes the air in system passively to freeze, causes
Temperature fluctuation, system is heated and is heated up automatically after being reduced due to temperature, also results in the increase of energy consumption.
Summary of the invention
It is accurately controlled and the PID control method for the low constant temperature and humidity system that consumes energy the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of.
For this purpose, the present invention provides PID control methods, comprising:
Step A: the temperature and humidity in acquisition system;
Step B: according to set temperature and setting humidity, collected Current Temperatures and current humidity, PTC is heated in control system
Device, water circulating pump, circulating fan output power;
Step C: utilizing increment type PID algorithm, according to the set temperature and the difference of Current Temperatures, setting humidity with it is currently wet
The difference of degree calculates, while according to the output power for adjusting ptc heater, water circulating pump, circulating fan.
The step A specifically: Current Temperatures and current humidity in N seconds acquisition primary systems, 1≤N≤5.
Increment type PID algorithm in the step C is calculated by following formula and adjusts ptc heater:
△ u (k)=Lp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Li × e (k)+Ld × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e (k-2)],
Wherein △ u (k) is the output power increment change rate of ptc heater, and Lp is scale parameter, and Li integral parameter, Ld is micro-
Divide parameter;E (k) is the difference of collected Current Temperatures and set temperature;E (k-1) is previous e (k) value, and e (k-2) is
Previous e (k-1) value, time that final PTC is opened (time determines by increment, if increment always+, that heater meeting
Work always, increment-, until PWM is zero, heater stops working) are as follows: PWM(heater final output power)=PWM1(works as
Preceding heater wattage output)+△ u (k).
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to guarantee degree of regulation and fast reaction, in the PID control of ptc heater
Dead zone temperature is not set, the step C further includes that (compulsory withdrawal PID is controlled when collected Current Temperatures >=set temperature
System) supreme dead zone, and (when collected Current Temperatures < set temperature, into PID control) without lower dead zone.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to guarantee degree of regulation and fast reaction, during humidity regulation, the step
Increment type PID algorithm in rapid C is calculated by following formula and adjusts water circulating pump:
△ u (k)=Hp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Hi × e (k)+Hd × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e (k-2)],
Wherein △ u (k) rises in value for the output power of water circulating pump, and (increment trend: it is opposite that current humidity is greater than setting humidity+dead zone
Humidity then increases output power, and current humidity is less than setting humidity-dead zone relative humidity and then reduces power output), Hp is ratio
Parameter, Hi integral parameter, Hd are differential parameter;E (k) is the difference for setting humidity and current humidity;E (k-1) is previous e
(k) value, e (k-2) are previous e (k-1) value.
Further, in the step C further include: when setting humidity-dead zone humidity diff≤collected current humidity≤
Compulsory withdrawal PID control when setting humidity+dead zone humidity diff, wherein 0≤dead zone relative humidity diff≤5%.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to guarantee degree of regulation and fast reaction, during humidity regulation, the step
Increment type PID algorithm in rapid C is calculated by following formula and adjusts circulating fan:
△ u (k)=Hp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Hi × e (k)+Hd × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e (k-2)],
Wherein △ u (k) is that (increment trend: current humidity is greater than setting humidity+dead zone phase for the negative increment of output power of circulating fan
Output power then reduced to humidity, current humidity is less than setting humidity-dead zone relative humidity and then increases power output), Hp be than
Example parameter, Hi integral parameter, Hd is differential parameter;E (k) is the difference for setting humidity and current humidity;E (k-1) is preceding primary
E (k) value, e (k-2) be previous e (k-1) value.
Further, in the step C further include: when setting humidity-dead zone humidity diff≤collected current humidity≤
Compulsory withdrawal PID control when setting humidity+dead zone humidity diff, wherein 0≤dead zone relative humidity diff≤5%.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to mention high control precision, step A further includes by Kalman filtering to collecting
Temperature, humidity is corrected.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
It, can evaporator (i.e. indoor heat exchanger) surface temperature in accuracy-control system 1. PID control method provided by the invention
Temperature, it is not static, the difference based on actual room temperature and actual temperature and the setting value to be corrected in system, from
Dynamic adjustment.Using closed-loop automatic control, controlled section aerial temperature and humidity frequent fluctuation, the fortune of constant temperature and humidity system high energy consumption are avoided
Row, reduces overall operation cost, improves Temperature and Humidity Control precision.
2. the setting in humidity dead zone is the frequent starting in order to reduce PID, extend the service life of system.
3. design of the temperature without upper and lower dead zone is the control precision in order to improve temperature, avoid bringing due to temperature change
The starting of frequent humidity PID control caused by humidity linkage.
4. kalman filter method improves measurement accuracy to the calibration of sensor, the accuracy of control is improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the PID control method in the embodiment of the present invention;
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further explained below:
The present invention provides PID control methods, comprising:
Step A: the temperature and humidity in acquisition system;
Step B: according to set temperature and setting humidity, collected Current Temperatures and current humidity, PTC is heated in control system
Device, water circulating pump, circulating fan output power (power be 0 be close);
Step C: utilizing increment type PID algorithm, according to the set temperature and the difference of Current Temperatures, setting humidity with it is currently wet
The difference of degree calculates, while adjusting the output power of ptc heater and water circulating pump, circulating fan (it is to close that power, which is 0).
The step A specifically: Current Temperatures and current humidity in N seconds acquisition primary systems, 1≤N≤5.
Increment type PID algorithm in the step C is calculated by following formula and adjusts ptc heater:
△ u (k)=Lp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Li × e (k)+Ld × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e (k-2)],
Wherein △ u (k) is the output power increment change rate of ptc heater, and Lp is scale parameter, and Li integral parameter, Ld is micro-
Divide parameter;E (k) is the difference of collected Current Temperatures and set temperature;E (k-1) is previous e (k) value, and e (k-2) is
Previous e (k-1) value, the time that final PTC is opened, (time was determined that, if rised in value always positive (+), that is heated by increment
Device can work always, rise in value as negative (-), until PWM is zero, heater stops working) are as follows: PWM(heater final output function
Rate)=PWM1(front heater output power)+△ u (k).
In an embodiment of the present invention, it in order to guarantee temperature degree of regulation and fast reaction, is not set in PID control
Dead zone temperature, the step C further include that (the compulsory withdrawal PID control when collected Current Temperatures >=set temperature) is supreme dead
Area, and when collected Current Temperatures < set temperature, into PID control without lower dead zone.
Further, in the step C further include: in order to guarantee the PID control frequent starting of humidity, extend related component
Service life and energy consumption is reduced, dead zone humidity is set in PID control, when setting humidity-dead zone humidity≤collected is current
Compulsory withdrawal PID control when humidity≤setting humidity+dead zone humidity, wherein 0≤dead zone relative humidity≤5%.
Further, the constant temperature and humidity system in the present invention includes water circulating pump and circulating fan.Usual constant temperature and humidity system
It further include the heat-exchanger rig etc. in water tank, the compressor for controlling water tank temperature, heating device and system.These constant temperature and humidities
Components or device belong to the prior art, do not repeating in the present invention.
In the present invention, dead zone refers to the idle temperature range of PID control or humidity section.
Below with reference to the above method, further illustrate that ptc heater and water circulating pump, circulating fan specifically control step
It is rapid:
Each temperature acquisition PID increment processing is carried out by Lc time (unit is the second), acquisition time is 1-5 seconds, without dead up and down
Area's limitation.Consider that its wave motion response can be handled quickly in compensation process, initial setting: as its collected Current Temperatures Cur
When the current diff of >=set temperature Set+diff(by rectification initial setting is 0), compulsory withdrawal PID control, increment is forced
It is set as 0.
If: Current Temperatures Cur >=set temperature Set+diff: PWM=0;
Else: △ u (k)=Lp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Li × e (k)+Ld × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e (k-2)]
Wherein Lp is scale parameter, and Li integral parameter, Ld is differential parameter, period Lc;E (k)=Current Temperatures (Cur)-setting
Temperature (Set);E (k-1) is e (k) value of last time, and e (k-2) is e (k-1) value of last time.The time that last PTC is opened are as follows: PWM
=PWM1+△u(k)。
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to guarantee degree of regulation and fast reaction, during humidity regulation, the step
Increment type PID algorithm in rapid C calculates and adjusts the output power of water circulating pump by following formula, and (power is 0 as pass
Close):
△ u (k)=Hp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Hi × e (k)+Hd × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e (k-2)],
Wherein △ u (k) rises in value for the output power of water circulating pump, and (increment trend: it is opposite that current humidity is greater than setting humidity+dead zone
Humidity then increases output power, and current humidity is less than setting humidity-dead zone relative humidity and then reduces power output), Hp is ratio
Parameter, Hi integral parameter, Hd are differential parameter;E (k) is the difference for setting humidity and current humidity;E (k-1) is previous e
(k) value, e (k-2) are previous e (k-1) value.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in order to guarantee degree of regulation and fast reaction, during humidity regulation, the step
Increment type PID algorithm in rapid C calculates and adjusts the output power of circulating fan by following formula, and (power is 0 as pass
Close):
△ u (k)=Hp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Hi × e (k)+Hd × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e (k-2)],
Wherein △ u (k) is the negative increment of output power of circulating fan, if current humidity is greater than setting humidity+dead zone relative humidity
Then reduce output power, current humidity is less than setting humidity-dead zone relative humidity and then increases power output;
1, Hp is scale parameter, and Hi integral parameter, Hd is differential parameter;E (k) is the difference for setting humidity and current humidity;e
It (k-1) is previous e (k) value, e (k-2) is previous e (k-1) value.Specific steps are as follows: water circulating pump control
Water circulating pump does not further relate to refrigeration control, need to only control humidification dehumidifying.Water circulating pump has diff during the adjustment
Dead zone, Diff are the setting positive and negative 0-5% of humidity.Period is Hc, therefore:
Dehumidifying humidification water pump increment are as follows: △ u (k)=Lp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Li × e (k)+Ld × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e
(k-2)],
Wherein Hp is scale parameter, and Hi integral parameter, Hd is differential parameter;E (k)=setting humidity-current humidity;E (k-1) is
E (k) value of last time, e (k-2) are e (k-1) value of last time.The time that last water pump output is opened are as follows: PWM=PWM1+ △ u (k);
2, circulating fan controls
Circulating fan pertains only to humidification Dehumidification controlling, is adjusted using PID increment type, there is the dead zone diff during the adjustment.Diff
To set the positive and negative 0-5% of humidity.It needs to defer to logic as follows:
Increment are as follows:
△ u (k)=Hp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Hi × e (k)+Hd × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e (k-2)], wherein Hp is ratio
Parameter, Hi integral parameter, Hd are differential parameter, period Hc;E (k)=setting humidity-current humidity;E (k-1) is the e of last time
(k) value, e (k-2) are e (k-1) value of last time.The time that last fan output is opened are as follows: PWM=PWM1+ △ u (k);
Refrigeration modes: opening water circulating pump, and opening circulating fan, (non-active control freezes and synchronizes passive system for humid control
It is cold);
Heating mode: opening circulating fan, opens ptc heater;
Dehumidification mode: by way of reducing circulating fan revolving speed, improving water circulating pump flow, evaporator temperature is reduced to and is worked as
Below the corresponding dew-point temperature of preceding setting temperature and humidity;
Humidification method: opening circulating fan, guarantees that evaporator temperature is currently setting the corresponding dew-point temperature of temperature and humidity or more, such as
Rear humidifying effect does not still reach requirement fruit for a period of time, illustrates that no moisture remains on evaporator, opens humidification water pump 5S, Xiang Zheng
Send out water drenching on device;
Refrigerated dehumidification: opening water circulating pump, opens circulating fan, passes through the side for reducing circulating fan revolving speed, improving pump capacity
Formula guarantees evaporator temperature dew-point temperature corresponding lower than current setting temperature and humidity when operation;
Refrigeration humidification: opening water circulating pump, opens circulating fan, passes through the side for increasing circulating fan revolving speed, reducing pump capacity
Formula guarantees that evaporator temperature is higher than current setting temperature and humidity corresponding dew-point temperature when operation, if humidifying effect after a period of time
Fruit does not still reach requirement, and illustrates that no moisture remains on evaporator, opens humidification water pump 5S, the water drenching on evaporator;
Heating dehumidifying: opening circulating fan, opens ptc heater, opens water circulating pump, by reducing circulating fan revolving speed, increasing
The mode of make-up water pump flow guarantees evaporator temperature dew-point temperature corresponding lower than current setting temperature and humidity when operation;
Heating humidification: opening circulating fan, opens ptc heater, guarantee when operation evaporator temperature be higher than currently set it is warm and humid
Corresponding dew-point temperature is spent, if humidifying effect does not still reach requirement after a period of time, illustrates that no moisture remains on evaporator,
It opens 5S and humidifies water pump, the water drenching on evaporator.
Embodiment 2
The control of 1.PTC heater:
Each temperature acquisition PID increment processing is carried out by Lc time (unit is the second), acquisition time is 1-5 seconds, preferably 1 second,
No lower dead zone limitation.Consider that its wave motion response can be handled quickly in compensation process, initial setting: when its collected current temperature
Degree Cur >=set temperature Set+diff(diff is dead zone temperature, and diff can be 0-3 DEG C) when, compulsory withdrawal PID control, increment
Pressure is set as 0.
If: Current Temperatures Cur >=set temperature Set+diff: PWM=0;
Else: △ u (k)=Lp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Li × e (k)+Ld × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e (k-2)],
Wherein Lp is scale parameter, and Li integral parameter, Ld is differential parameter, period Lc;E (k)=set temperature (Set)-when
Preceding temperature (Cur);E (k-1) is e (k) value of last time, and e (k-2) is e (k-1) value of last time.The time that last PTC is opened are as follows:
PWM+=△u(k);
2. water circulating pump controls
Since water circulating pump is related to humidification dehumidifying and refrigeration.Therefore it needs to carry out two-way PID control to water pump.Refrigeration is as synchronization
PTC heats parameter, as one group of PID control;Humidification dehumidifying carries out PID control as another group of parameter.
In operational process, PID adjustment priority is defined as follows:
Water pump dehumidifying PID > water pump refrigeration PID > water pump humidifies PID
Water pump is limited without upper and lower dead zone during the adjustment.Period is Hc, therefore:
Dehumidifying humidification water pump increment are as follows: △ u (k)=Hp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Hi × e (k)+Hd × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e
(k-2)],
Wherein Hp is scale parameter, and Hi integral parameter, Hd is differential parameter;E (k)=setting humidity-current humidity;E (k-1) is
E (k) value of last time, e (k-2) are e (k-1) value of last time.The time that last water pump output is opened are as follows: PWM+=△ u (k);
The water pump that freezes rises in value are as follows: △ u (k)=Lp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Lie (k)+Ld × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e (k-2)]
Wherein Lp is scale parameter, and Li integral parameter, Ld is differential parameter;Period is Lc;E (k)=current humidity (Cur)-setting
Humidity (Set);E (k-1) is e (k) value of last time, and e (k-2) is e (k-1) value of last time.The time that last water pump is opened are as follows:
PWM+=△u(k);
3. circulating fan controls
Circulating fan is adjusted using PID increment type, and it is as follows to defer to logic:
(1) when without humidification dehumidifying request, force fan output for minimum output FAN_MIN;It is at present 35%.
(2) when having humidification or dehumidifying request, the increment output that comes out of the fan output according to increasable algorithm.
(3) fan output level are as follows: humid control request > temperature control request
(4) fan PID adjustment is limited without upper and lower dead zone:
Increment are as follows: △ u (k)=Hp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Hi × e (k)+Hd × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e (k-2)]
Wherein Hp is scale parameter, and Hi integral parameter, Hd is differential parameter, period Hc;E (k)=setting humidity-is current wet
Degree;E (k-1) is e (k) value of last time, and e (k-2) is e (k-1) value of last time.The time that last water pump output is opened are as follows: PWM+=
△u(k)。
In the above embodiment of the invention, in order to mention high control precision, step A further includes by Kalman filtering to adopting
Temperature, the humidity collected is corrected.
The foregoing examples are only illustrative of the present invention, does not constitute the limitation to protection scope of the present invention, all
It is within being all belonged to the scope of protection of the present invention with the same or similar design of the present invention.The announcement and religion of book according to the above description
It leads, those skilled in the art in the invention can also change and modify the above embodiment.Therefore, the present invention is not
It is confined to specific embodiment disclosed and described above, some modifications and changes of invention should also be as falling into power of the invention
In the protection scope that benefit requires.
Claims (8)
1.PID control method characterized by comprising
Step A: the temperature and humidity in acquisition system;
Step B: according to set temperature and setting humidity, collected Current Temperatures and current humidity, PTC is heated in control system
The starting time of device, water circulating pump, circulating fan;
Step C: it calculates the difference of the set temperature and Current Temperatures, set the difference of humidity and current humidity, using described
Temperature gap and humidity differences and increment type PID algorithm adjust the output work of ptc heater and water circulating pump, circulating fan
Rate.
2. PID control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step A specifically: acquired one every N seconds
Current Temperatures and current humidity in subsystem, 1≤N≤5.
3. PID control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the increment type PID algorithm in the step C is logical
Following formula is crossed to calculate and adjust ptc heater:
△ u (k)=Lp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Li × e (k)+Ld × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e (k-2)],
Lp is scale parameter, and Li integral parameter, Ld is differential parameter;E (k) is the difference of collected Current Temperatures and set temperature
Value;E (k-1) is previous e (k) value, and e (k-2) is previous e (k-1) value.
4. PID control method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step C further includes (working as when collected
Compulsory withdrawal PID control when preceding temperature >=set temperature) supreme dead zone, and (when collected Current Temperatures < set temperature,
Into PID control) without lower dead zone.
5. PID control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the increment type PID algorithm in the step C is logical
Following formula is crossed to calculate and adjust water circulating pump:
△ u (k)=Hp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Hi × e (k)+Hd × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e (k-2)],
Wherein △ u (k) is the output power increment change rate of water circulating pump, and Hp is scale parameter, and Hi integral parameter, Hd is differential
Parameter;E (k) is the difference for setting humidity and current humidity;E (k-1) is previous e (k) value, and e (k-2) is previous e
(k-1) value.
6. PID control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the increment type PID algorithm in the step C is logical
Following formula is crossed to calculate and adjust circulating fan:
△ u (k)=Hp × [e (k)-e (k-1)]+Hi × e (k)+Hd × [e (k) -2e (k-1)+e (k-2)],
Hp is scale parameter, and Hi integral parameter, Hd is differential parameter;E (k) is the difference for setting humidity and current humidity;e(k-
It 1) is previous e (k) value, e (k-2) is previous e (k-1) value.
7. PID control method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in the step C further include: when setting humidity-
Compulsory withdrawal PID control when dead zone humidity diff≤collected current humidity≤setting humidity+dead zone humidity diff, wherein 0
≤ dead zone relative humidity diff≤5%.
8. PID control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized in that step A further includes passing through karr
Graceful filtering is corrected collected temperature, humidity.
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