Low impact space butt joint sealing leakage test system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-impact space butt joint sealing leakage test system which is suitable for developing a leakage rate detection test of a novel low-impact space butt joint sealing device of a spacecraft and verifying the sealing performance of the novel low-impact space butt joint sealing device under different working conditions, and belongs to the field of space butt joint of the spacecraft.
Background
The main characteristics of the system are flexible butt joint, and the impact load in the butt joint contact process is small, so that the system is generally called as a low-impact butt joint system (the specific structural form is different in all countries).
The sealing is one of the main links of the space rendezvous and docking process of the spacecraft, after the tracking aircraft and the target aircraft are aligned and tensioned, the two docking systems are sealed and locked, rigid connection is established, and a sealed conveying channel is formed. The butt-joint sealing device installed at the interface of the two butt-joint systems is a main component for ensuring the butt-joint sealing performance, and the device not only ensures the extremely low leakage of substances such as air and the like in a cabin in the butt-joint process and after the completion, but also has the characteristics of low load, easy butt joint, easy separation, redundant sealing, repeated use and the like in a space environment. The leakage rate is one of the main performance indexes of the space butt joint sealing device, and in the product development process, a test system needs to be developed to simulate various space working condition environments, so that the sealing performance is fully verified on the ground.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the low-impact space butt joint sealing leakage test system is provided, various space working condition environments can be simulated, and the sealing performance is fully verified on the ground.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a low impact space butt joint sealing leakage test system comprises a space butt joint sealing leakage test device, a heating/refrigerating circulator, a high-pressure helium bottle and a vacuum helium mass spectrometer leak detector;
the heating/refrigerating circulator is connected with the space butt joint sealing leakage testing device and is used for providing simulation test environments under various temperature conditions for the low-impact space butt joint sealing test piece;
the high-pressure helium bottle is connected with the space butt joint sealing leakage testing device, on one hand, an air source is provided for the space butt joint sealing leakage testing device to establish the test pressure in the cabin, and on the other hand, missing gas is provided for leakage detection;
the vacuum helium mass spectrometer leak detector is connected with the space butt joint sealing leakage testing device, so that a space vacuum environment is established for the space butt joint sealing leakage testing device on one hand, and the sealing leakage rate of a low-impact space butt joint sealing test piece is tested on the other hand;
the space butt joint sealing leakage testing device is used for installing a low-impact space butt joint sealing test piece, simulating the working state of the low-impact space butt joint sealing device after butt joint is completed, and carrying out leakage rate detection tests under various butt joint working conditions.
The space butt joint sealing leakage testing device comprises an upper positioning plate, an upper heat insulation plate assembly, an upper sealing plate assembly, a lower heat insulation plate assembly, a lower positioning plate and a base; the upper positioning plate, the upper heat insulation plate assembly, the upper sealing plate assembly, the lower heat insulation plate assembly and the lower positioning plate are all of annular structures;
the upper positioning plate, the upper heat insulation plate assembly, the upper sealing plate assembly, the lower heat insulation plate assembly and the lower positioning plate assembly are sequentially stacked and are fixedly connected through a plurality of groups of bolt assemblies, and the lower positioning plate is fixed on the base;
the upper heat insulation plate assembly is used for preventing heat in the upper sealing plate assembly from transferring outwards, and the lower heat insulation plate assembly is used for preventing heat in the lower sealing plate assembly from transferring outwards so as to guarantee stable temperature in the space butt-joint sealing leakage testing device.
The lower sealing plate assembly comprises a lower sealing clamping plate and a lower heating/refrigerating plate, and the lower sealing clamping plate and the lower heating/refrigerating plate are both of annular structures;
a groove is formed in the lower sealing clamping plate, and a first inner filling ring, a lower butt sealing test piece and a first outer filling ring are sequentially arranged in the groove along the circle center of the lower sealing clamping plate outwards;
a vacuum suction channel is designed in the lower sealing clamping plate, and one end of the vacuum suction channel is connected with a vacuum helium mass spectrometer leak detector through a connecting nozzle of the vacuum helium mass spectrometer leak detector on the side wall of the lower sealing clamping plate; a first through hole is formed in the outer diameter of the groove in the lower sealing clamping plate and serves as the other end of the vacuum suction channel;
a high-pressure gas channel is designed in the lower sealing clamping plate, one end of the high-pressure gas channel is connected with a high-pressure helium tank through a high-pressure helium tank connecting pipe nozzle on the side wall of the lower sealing clamping plate, a second through hole is formed in the lower sealing clamping plate between the double-channel O-shaped sealing ring and the groove, and the second through hole is used as the other end of the high-pressure gas channel;
the lower sealing clamping plate and the lower heating/refrigerating plate are connected through screws.
The outer diameter upper surface of the lower sealing clamp plate is provided with a first O-shaped sealing ring, and the inner diameter upper surface is provided with a first double-channel O-shaped sealing ring.
The inner and outer diameters of the lower sealing clamp plate and the lower heating/refrigerating plate are sealed by O-shaped sealing rings.
The upper sealing plate assembly comprises an upper sealing clamping plate and an upper heating/refrigerating plate;
a groove is formed in the center of the upper sealing clamping plate, an upper butt sealing test piece, a second inner filling ring and a second outer filling ring are placed in the groove, the second inner filling ring is sleeved on the outer side of the upper butt sealing test piece, and the second outer filling ring is sleeved on the outer side of the second inner filling ring;
the upper sealing clamping plate and the upper heating/refrigerating plate are connected through screws.
The inner and outer diameters of the upper sealing clamp plate and the upper heating/refrigerating plate are sealed by O-shaped sealing rings.
The upper heating/refrigerating plate and the lower heating/refrigerating plate have the same structure and respectively comprise an inner medium circulating plate, an insulating plate and an outer medium circulating plate, the inner medium circulating plate, the insulating plate and the outer medium circulating plate are all of annular structures, an inner medium annular groove is processed on the inner medium circulating plate, an outer medium annular groove is processed on the outer medium circulating plate, and the insulating plate is positioned between the inner medium circulating plate and the outer medium circulating plate; and a first cooling/heating working medium channel is processed inside the outer medium circulating plate, one end of the first cooling/heating working medium channel is communicated with the outer medium annular groove, and the other end of the first cooling/heating working medium channel is connected with a heating/refrigerating circulator through a first heating/refrigerating circulator interface and is used for establishing the required test environment temperature for the outer diameter of the butt-joint sealing test piece.
And a second cooling/heating working medium channel is processed on the lower heating/refrigerating plate, one end of the second cooling/heating working medium channel is communicated with the inner medium annular groove, and the other end of the second cooling/heating working medium channel is connected with the heating/refrigerating circulator through a second heating/refrigerating circulator interface and is used for establishing the required test environment temperature for the inner diameter of the butt-joint sealing test piece.
And a third cooling/heating working medium channel is processed on the upper heating/refrigerating plate, one end of the third cooling/heating working medium channel is communicated with the inner medium annular groove, and the other end of the third cooling/heating working medium channel is connected with the heating/refrigerating circulator through a third heating/refrigerating circulator interface and is used for establishing the required test environment temperature for the inner diameter of the butt-joint sealing test piece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the low-impact space butt joint sealing leakage test system can simulate the pressure and temperature environment inside and outside the cabin in the space butt joint process of the novel low-impact space butt joint sealing device of the spacecraft, and carry out leakage rate test tests under various working conditions so as to evaluate and verify the product performance and the working performance in the use process of the low-impact space butt joint sealing device, and solve the problem that the prior product or technical scheme with the same function is unavailable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a butt seal leak test system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a space docking seal leak test apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lower seal plate assembly wherein (a) shows the vacuum pumping channel and (b) shows the high pressure gas channel;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the upper seal plate assembly;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of an upper heating/cooling plate and a lower heating/cooling plate, wherein (a) shows a first cooling/heating fluid channel and (b) shows a second cooling/heating fluid channel.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a low impact space butt joint sealing leakage test system, which comprises a space butt joint sealing leakage test device, a heating/refrigerating circulator, a high pressure helium tank and a vacuum helium mass spectrometer leak detector.
The heating/refrigerating circulator can simulate high-temperature, low-temperature and temperature alternating working condition environments in the space butt joint process of the low-impact space butt joint sealing device, and meet the simulation test environment requirements of low-impact space butt joint sealing test pieces under various temperature conditions. The heating/refrigerating circulator has double functions of heating and refrigerating, can automatically heat or refrigerate to a specified temperature within the range of-150 to +300 ℃ according to requirements, and can keep the temperature constant for a long time. The low-impact space butt joint sealing leakage testing device is provided with four interfaces of a heating/refrigerating cycle machine, and can provide simulation test environments under various temperature conditions for the low-impact space butt joint sealing test piece.
The high-pressure helium bottle provides an air source for the test pressure in the cabin established by the low-impact space butt-joint sealing leakage test device on one hand, and provides a missing gas for leakage detection on the other hand, and the test pressure can be automatically adjusted within the range of 0-10 MPa. The vacuum helium mass spectrometer leak detector establishes a space vacuum environment for a low-impact space butt joint sealing leakage testing device on one hand, and tests the sealing leakage rate on the other hand, wherein the sealing leakage rate can be 1.0 multiplied by 10 according to the test requirements-1~10-8The vacuum degree is adjusted within the Pa range.
The space butt joint sealing leakage testing device is used for installing a low-impact space butt joint sealing test piece, simulating the working state of the low-impact space butt joint sealing device after butt joint is completed, and carrying out leakage rate detection tests under various butt joint working conditions.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the space butt seal leakage testing device includes an upper positioning plate 1, an upper heat insulation plate assembly 2, an upper sealing plate assembly 3, a lower sealing plate assembly 4, a lower heat insulation plate assembly 5, a lower positioning plate 6 and a base 7; the upper positioning plate 1, the upper heat insulation plate assembly 2, the upper sealing plate assembly 3, the lower sealing plate assembly 4, the lower heat insulation plate assembly 5 and the lower positioning plate 6 are all of an annular structure.
Go up locating plate 1, go up heat-insulating shield subassembly 2, upper seal plate subassembly 3, lower seal plate subassembly 4, lower heat- insulating shield subassembly 5 and 6 subassemblies of locating plate down stack in proper order to through multiunit bolt assembly fastening connection, lower locating plate 6 passes through bolt assembly 8 to be fixed on base 7.
The upper heat insulation plate assembly 2 is used for preventing heat in the upper sealing plate assembly 3 from being transferred outwards, and the lower heat insulation plate assembly 5 is used for preventing heat in the lower sealing plate assembly 4 from being transferred outwards so as to ensure that the temperature in the space butt joint sealing leakage testing device is stable; the upper positioning plate 1, the lower positioning plate 6 and the bolt assemblies 9, 10, 11 and 12 are used for realizing positioning and providing various sealing loads.
As shown in fig. 3, the lower sealing plate assembly 4 includes a lower sealing clamping plate 41 and a lower heating/cooling plate 48, and the lower sealing clamping plate 41 and the lower heating/cooling plate 48 are both of a ring structure.
A groove is formed in the lower sealing clamping plate 41, and a first inner filling ring 45, a lower butt sealing test piece 14 and a first outer filling ring 43 are sequentially arranged in the groove along the circle center of the lower sealing clamping plate 41 outwards;
the upper surface of the outer diameter of the lower sealing clamp plate 41 is provided with a first O-shaped sealing ring 42, and the upper surface of the inner diameter is provided with a first double-channel O-shaped sealing ring 46;
the lower sealing clamp plate 41 is connected with the lower heating/refrigerating plate 48 through a screw 15, the inner diameters of the lower sealing clamp plate 41 and the lower heating/refrigerating plate 48 are sealed by an O-shaped sealing ring 47, and the outer diameters of the lower sealing clamp plate 41 and the lower heating/refrigerating plate 48 are sealed by an O-shaped sealing ring 49;
as shown in fig. 3 (a), a vacuum suction channel is designed inside the lower sealing chuck plate 41, and one end of the vacuum suction channel is connected with the vacuum helium mass spectrometer leak detector through a vacuum helium mass spectrometer leak detector nozzle 410 on the side wall of the lower sealing chuck plate 41; a first through hole is arranged at the outer diameter of the groove on the lower sealing clamping plate 41 and serves as the other end of the vacuum suction channel.
The O-shaped sealing rings at the outer diameters of the low-impact space butt joint sealing test piece and the lower sealing clamping plate respectively seal leakage channels in the inner diameter direction and the outer diameter direction, a closed space is formed between the O-shaped sealing rings, and the closed space can be pumped to an appointed vacuum degree by utilizing the pumping function of a vacuum pump after being externally connected with a vacuum helium mass spectrometer leak detector. In addition, the vacuum suction channel is also a leakage detection channel, and trace gas leaked from the inner side (in a cabin) to the outer side (outside the cabin) of the low-impact space butt joint sealing test piece can completely pass through the channel to the vacuum helium mass spectrometer leakage detector, and the actual leakage rate of the low-impact space butt joint sealing test piece can be tested by utilizing the leakage detection function of the vacuum helium mass spectrometer leakage detector.
As shown in fig. 3 (b), a high-pressure gas channel is designed inside the lower sealing chuck plate 41, one end of the high-pressure gas channel is connected with the high-pressure helium tank through a high-pressure helium tank connection nozzle 411 on the side wall of the lower sealing chuck plate 41, and a second through hole is formed in the lower sealing chuck plate 41 between the double-channel O-shaped sealing ring 6 and the groove, and the second through hole serves as the other end of the high-pressure gas channel.
The high-pressure gas channel (containing a high-pressure helium gas bottle connecting pipe nozzle) is used for establishing the environmental high pressure at the inner diameter (in a cabin) of the butt-joint sealing test piece of the low impact space, and the actual highest test pressure used at present is only 5 atmospheric pressures relative to the vacuum environment of the space. The two O-shaped sealing rings at the inner diameters of the low-impact space butt-joint sealing test piece and the lower sealing clamping plate respectively seal leakage channels in the outer diameter direction and the inner diameter direction, a closed space is formed between the two O-shaped sealing rings, and helium in a helium tank can be used for establishing required environmental pressure after the two O-shaped sealing rings are externally connected with a high-pressure helium tank.
As shown in fig. 4, the upper sealing plate assembly 3 includes an upper sealing card 31 and an upper heating/cooling plate 32. A groove is formed in the center of the upper sealing clamping plate 31, the upper butt sealing test piece 13, the second inner filling ring 33 and the second outer filling ring 35 are placed in the groove, the second inner filling ring 33 is sleeved on the outer side of the upper butt sealing test piece 13, and the second outer filling ring 35 is sleeved on the outer side of the second inner filling ring 33. The upper sealing clamp plate 31 and the upper heating/refrigerating plate 32 are connected through screws, and the inner diameters of the upper sealing clamp plate 31 and the upper heating/refrigerating plate 32 are sealed by an O-shaped sealing ring 36 and the outer diameters thereof are sealed by an O-shaped sealing ring 37.
The upper heating/cooling plate 32 and the lower heating/cooling plate 48 have the same structure, and as shown in fig. 5, each of the upper heating/cooling plate 32 and the lower heating/cooling plate 48 includes an inner medium circulation plate 481, an insulation plate 482 and an outer medium circulation plate 483, the inner medium circulation plate 481, the insulation plate 482 and the outer medium circulation plate 483 are all of annular structures, an inner medium annular groove is formed in the inner medium circulation plate 481, an outer medium annular groove is formed in the outer medium circulation plate 483, and the insulation plate 482 is located between the inner medium circulation plate 481 and the outer medium circulation plate 483.
A first cooling/heating working medium channel is processed inside the outer medium circulating plate 483, one end of the first cooling/heating working medium channel is communicated with the outer medium annular groove, the other end of the first cooling/heating working medium channel is connected with a heating/refrigerating circulator through a first heating/refrigerating circulator interface, and the heating/refrigerating circulator is utilized to establish the required test environment temperature for the outer diameter of the butt-joint sealing test piece. As shown in fig. 5 (a).
A second cooling/heating working medium channel is processed on the lower heating/cooling plate 48, one end of the second cooling/heating working medium channel is communicated with the inner medium annular groove, the other end of the second cooling/heating working medium channel is connected with a heating/cooling circulator through a second heating/cooling circulator interface, and the required test environment temperature can be established for the inner diameter (in a cabin) of the butt-joint sealing test piece of the low impact space by using the heating/cooling circulator. As shown in fig. 5 (b).
A third cooling/heating working medium channel is processed on the upper heating/cooling plate 32, one end of the third cooling/heating working medium channel is communicated with the inner medium annular groove, and the other end of the third cooling/heating working medium channel is connected with the heating/cooling circulator through a third heating/cooling circulator interface and is used for establishing the required test environment temperature for the inner diameter of the butt-joint sealing test piece. As shown in fig. 5 (b).
An insulation plate 482 is positioned between the inner media circulation plate 481 and the outer media circulation plate 483. The test environment temperatures inside and outside the low-impact space butt-joint sealing test piece can be the same or different.
The low-impact space butt joint sealing leakage testing device has universality and can meet the test requirements of the current and planned development of products with various specifications. According to the invention, the high-pressure helium tank can simulate the pressure environment in the cabin and the vacuum environment outside the cabin in the space butt joint process of the low-impact space butt joint sealing device, and the environmental pressure simulation test requirements of the low-impact space butt joint sealing test piece under various working conditions are met. The invention utilizes the vacuum helium mass spectrometer leak detection method to detect the sealing leakage rate in the test process of the low-impact space butt joint sealing test piece on line, and meets the test range and precision requirements.
The invention is not described in detail and is within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art.