CN109340277B

CN109340277B - Hydraulic brake clamp

Info

Publication number: CN109340277B
Application number: CN201811043394.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余毅权; 张斌; 朱新宇; 汪枫; 张东升; 臧传相; 曹云丽; 虞晓峰
Original assignee: Nanjing CRRC Puzhen Haitai Brake Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing CRRC Puzhen Haitai Brake Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-09-07
Filing date: 2018-09-07
Publication date: 2021-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-07
Also published as: CN109340277A

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic brake clamp, which comprises a clamp body, a brake cylinder fixed on the clamp body, a lever assembly hinged to the clamp body through a lever pin shaft, and a brake pad assembly arranged on the clamp body, wherein the rear end of the lever assembly is suitable for being pushed out by an output head of the brake cylinder, the front end of the lever assembly is suitable for pressing the brake pad assembly towards a brake disc, one end of the clamp body is connected to a mounting seat assembly through a supporting pin shaft, the other end of the clamp body is connected to a support assembly through a torque rod assembly, and the mounting seat assembly and the support assembly are suitable for being mounted at the axle end of a vehicle. The hydraulic brake clamp has the advantages of compact structure, convenient installation, simple and easy maintenance, no need of using special tools, and hydraulic release and mechanical emergency release functions; the distance between the disks can be automatically adjusted, and the adjusting precision is high, safe and reliable; when running into a fault, the operator can rotate the hexagonal reset screw to relieve emergency machinery, and the normal operation of the vehicle can be guaranteed.

Description

Hydraulic brake clamp

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rail vehicle braking systems, and particularly relates to a floating type hydraulic braking device.

Background

For low-floor vehicles, not only the vehicle body structure is different from that of a common train, but also the braking system is different. The main reason is that the wind source brake system is too bulky to be mounted to the bottom of the vehicle. The hydraulic braking system has the advantages of small volume, large moment and the like, so the hydraulic braking system is applied to low floors. The basic braking core component of the hydraulic braking system is a hydraulic braking clamp.

A floating hydraulic brake clamp, during braking, a lead screw of a brake cylinder moves from inside to outside under the elastic force of a disc spring in the cylinder, so as to realize the braking process; when the brake is released, hydraulic oil is filled into the oil cavity of the brake cylinder, so that the piston and the clearance adjusting mechanism assembly move inwards against the action force of the disc spring, and the release is realized. When the clearance of the disk is larger than the normal release clearance, clearance compensation can be realized through the clearance adjusting mechanism. At present, a gap adjusting mechanism in an air brake cylinder is mature in application, compensation of relative displacement is achieved mainly through double-nut transmission, and a gap adjusting component is large and complex in structure and cannot be widely applied to the brake cylinder.

When the low-floor tramcar is in operation, the low-floor tramcar needs to be started and braked frequently, and the quality of a brake system directly determines the running safety of the tramcar. Therefore, the hydraulic brake clamp is required to be compact in structure, and easy to operate wearing parts such as brake pads and the like are required to be installed, detached and replaced. However, the brake pad of the hydraulic brake clamp device adopted by the brake system of the existing low-floor tramcar is troublesome to replace, and the requirements of domestic light-rail low-floor vehicles cannot be effectively met.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to overcoming the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and providing a hydraulic brake caliper.

In order to solve the technical problems, the hydraulic brake caliper provided by the invention comprises a caliper body, a brake cylinder fixed on the caliper body, a lever assembly hinged to the caliper body through a lever pin shaft, and a brake pad assembly arranged on the caliper body, wherein the rear end of the lever assembly is suitable for being pushed out by an output head of the brake cylinder, the inner side of the front end of the lever assembly is suitable for pressing the brake pad assembly towards a brake disc, one end of the caliper body is connected to a mounting seat assembly through a support pin shaft, the other end of the caliper body is connected to a support assembly through a torque rod assembly, and the mounting seat assembly and the support assembly are suitable for being mounted at the axle end of.

Further, the brake cylinder includes: the oil cylinder, the disc spring cylinder body and the cylinder cover are connected into a cylinder body assembly through bolts, the piston assembly, the clearance adjusting assembly and the disc spring assembly are coaxial with a main axis of the oil cylinder, the differential pressure valve assembly is arranged on one side of the oil cylinder, the oil cylinder is provided with an oil inlet and an oil cavity communicated with the oil inlet, the differential pressure valve assembly is provided with a valve cavity, a valve core arranged in the valve cavity, a common release oil path input port and an auxiliary release oil path which are connected with two ends of the valve cavity, and an output port connected with the middle of the valve cavity, and.

The cylinder body assembly of the brake cylinder is assembled in a three-section modularized mode, the outer side and the inner side of the cylinder body assembly are square, the cylindrical inner cavity of the cylinder body assembly enables the installation of internal parts to be convenient, the structure is compact, and the realization of various functions is facilitated. The brake cylinder is relatively independent, and great convenience is brought to later maintenance. Meanwhile, different interface requirements can be met only by modifying specific dimensions, and the applicability of the interface is greatly improved.

The brake cylinder of the invention is provided with an automatic clearance adjustment function. When the clearance of the disk is larger than the normal release clearance, the guide nut rotates to push the adjusting nut and the screw rod to translate together in the oil discharge braking process. In the oil filling relieving process, after the oil filling relieving process normally operates to relieve the clearance, the oil pressure continues to push the adjusting nut and the screw rod assembly to move inwards, and the spiral surfaces of the guide nut and the adjusting nut generate driving force, so that the adjusting nut rotates to push the screw rod to feed outwards, and the compensation of relieving the clearance is realized.

The hydraulic brake clamp provided by the invention has two ways to realize hydraulic relief. The first scheme is as follows: hydraulic relief is realized by injecting oil to the port A of the brake cylinder differential pressure valve; the second scheme is as follows: hydraulic pressure is relieved by injecting oil to the port B of the brake cylinder differential pressure valve.

The hydraulic brake clamp is also provided with a mechanical relieving function, and the mechanical relieving can be realized without a special external mechanical relieving device. When the hydraulic pressure of two oil circuits is alleviated and is all lost efficacy, only need can carry out machinery at the scene through conventional spanner and alleviate. When mechanical releasing is carried out, the stop block for fixing the hexagonal reset screw is removed, the wrench is sleeved in the hexagonal hole in the rear end of the hexagonal reset screw or on the outer hexagonal head, and the wrench rotates anticlockwise to drive the screw rod to rotate relative to the axis of the gap adjusting mechanism and move backwards, so that mechanical releasing is realized. In addition, when the clearance between the disks is initially installed and adjusted, the clearance between the disks can be directly adjusted by rotating the hexagonal reset screw, so that the purpose of quickly adjusting the clearance between the disks on site is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general schematic view of a hydraulic brake caliper.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the caliper body.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a damper blade assembly.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a brake cylinder.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the differential pressure valve.

Fig. 6 is an exploded view of the gap adjustment assembly.

The numbers in the figures are as follows:

1-1: a clamp body, 1-2: a brake cylinder, 1-3, a lever component; 1-4: lever pin shaft, 1-5: brake pad assembly, 1-6: mount assembly, 1-7: differential pressure valve assembly, 1-8: torque rod assembly, 1-9: bracket assembly, 1-1-1: brake cylinder installation interface, 1-1-2: the upper end of the lever pin shaft is provided with an interface, 1-1-3: the lower end of the lever pin shaft is provided with an interface, 1-1-4: an interface is arranged at the upper end of the brake pad pin shaft, and the weight ratio of the brake pad pin shaft to the brake pad pin shaft is 1-1-5: the lower end of the brake pad pin shaft is provided with an interface 1-1-6; support pin shaft mounting interface, 1-1-7: bracket assembly connection interface, 1-1-8: magnet, 1-2-1: oil cylinder, 1-2-2: disc spring cylinder, 1-2-3: cylinder cover, 1-3-1: piston, 1-3-2: oil cylinder end cover, 1-3-3: thrust needle roller bearing, 1-3-4: sealing member a, 1-4-1: adjusting nut, 1-4-2: adjustment sleeve, 1-4-3: lead nut, 1-4-5: adjusting nut washer, 1-4-6: tooth claw and spring, 1-5-1: disc spring, 1-5-2: disc spring support ring, 1-5-3: disc spring washer, 1-6-1: hexagonal reset screw, 1-6-2: screw rod, 1-6-3: thrust rod, 1-6-4: stop block, 1-6-5: flat bond, 1-6-6: dustproof covers, 1-8-1: a partition plate: 1-8-2: a limit nut; 1-8-3: gap adjusting shim, 1-4-1-1: counter bore, 1-4-1-2: unidirectional gullet, 1-4-1-3: internal thread, 1-4-1-4: helical structure, 1-7-1: valve body, 1-7-2: valve cover, 1-7-3: valve core, 1-7-4: sealing member B, 1-7-5: valve cavity, 1-9-1: brake lining, 1-9-2: brake lining pin shaft, 1-9-3: brake pad return spring, 1-9-4: bolt, 1-9-1-1: left brake lining, 1-9-1-2: right brake lining, 1-9-1-3: bushing, A: common relief oil input ports, B: auxiliary relief oil way input port, H: oil injection nozzle, P: oil inlet, C: an oil chamber, T: and testing the interface.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the hydraulic brake caliper of the embodiment comprises a caliper body 1-1, a brake cylinder 1-2 fixed on the caliper body 1-1, a lever assembly 1-3 hinged to the caliper body 1-1 through a lever pin 1-4, and a brake pad assembly 1-5 arranged on the caliper body 1-1, wherein the rear end of the lever assembly 1-3 is suitable for being pushed outwards by an output head of the brake cylinder 1-2, and the front end of the lever assembly 1-3 is suitable for pressing the brake pad assembly 1-5 towards a brake disc.

The clamp body 1-1 is connected with the mounting seat assembly 1-6 through a supporting pin shaft, the outer conical surface of the supporting pin is fixedly connected with the inner conical surface of the mounting seat through a bolt, and the other cylindrical surface of the supporting pin penetrates through the supporting pin shaft mounting interface 1-1-6 of the body assembly, so that the clamp body 1-1 slides on the supporting pin shaft to compensate the abrasion of the brake disc and the brake pad; the other end of the body component is connected to the support component 1-9 through the torque rod component 1-8, so that the body component 1-1 can axially rotate on the supporting pin shaft. The body assembly 1-1 and the shaft end of the mounting base are respectively provided with a mounting interface of a dustproof ring cover for sealing and protecting the supporting pin shaft. The mounting seat assemblies 1-6 and the bracket assemblies 1-9 are mounted on the axle end of the vehicle through bolts.

The clamp body 1-1 is a cast iron integrated piece, as shown in fig. 2, the clamp body 1-1 is provided with a brake cylinder mounting interface 1-1-1, a lever pin shaft upper end mounting interface 1-1-2 and a lower end mounting interface 1-1-3; the upper end of the brake pad pin shaft is provided with an interface 1-1-4, and the lower end of the brake pad pin shaft is provided with an interface 1-1-5; the upper end of the clamp body 1-1 is provided with a supporting pin shaft mounting interface 1-1-6, the lower end of the clamp body 1-1 is provided with a connecting interface 1-1-7 connected with the bracket component, and the middle part of the back plate of the right brake pad mounted on the clamp body 1-1 is provided with a magnet 1-1-8, so that the right brake pad can be conveniently fixed during mounting and dismounting.

The upper end of the lever pin shaft 1-4 extends into the upper end mounting interface 1-1-2 of the lever pin of the clamp body 1-1, and the lower end of the lever pin shaft 1-4 extends into the lower end mounting interface 1-1-3 of the lever pin of the clamp body 1-1; an oil injection nozzle H is arranged at the end part of the lever component 1-3, and an oil way leading to the lever pin shaft 1-4 is arranged in the lever component 1-3 and used for lubricating the lever pin shaft 1-4.

As shown in fig. 3, the brake pad assembly 1-5 comprises a brake pad 1-9-1, a brake pad pin 1-9-2, a brake pad return spring 1-9-3 and a plug pin 1-9-4, the brake pad 1-9-1 comprises a left brake pad 1-9-1-1 and a right brake pad 1-9-1-2, the brake pad pin 1-9-2 is mounted at an upper end mounting interface 1-1-4 of the brake pad pin of the caliper body 1-1 and a lower end mounting interface 1-1-5 of the brake pad pin; the left brake pad 1-9-1-1 and the right brake pad 1-9-1-2 are respectively arranged on the caliper body 1-1 through an upper brake pad pin shaft 1-9-2 and a lower brake pad pin shaft 1-9-2, the brake pad reset spring 1-9-3 is sleeved on the brake pad pin shaft 1-9-2, two ends of the brake pad reset spring respectively abut against bushings welded on the left brake pad 1-9-1-1 and the right brake pad 1-9-1-2, and the bolt 1-9-4 is inserted into the brake pad pin shaft 1-9-2 and penetrates out of the end part of the caliper body 1-1.

The brake cylinder of the embodiment comprises: the hydraulic cylinder comprises a cylinder body assembly, a piston assembly, a clearance adjusting assembly, a disc spring assembly, a hexagonal resetting screw assembly and a differential pressure valve assembly 1-7, wherein the cylinder body assembly is formed by connecting bolts, the piston assembly and the clearance adjusting assembly are coaxial with the main axis of the cylinder body assembly, the disc spring assembly and the hexagonal resetting screw assembly are arranged on one side of an oil cylinder 1-2-1, and the pressure valve assembly 1-7 is provided with two: a common relief oil path input port A and an auxiliary relief oil path B.

As shown in fig. 4, the cylinder body assembly comprises an oil cylinder 1-2-1, a disc spring cylinder body 1-2-2 and a cylinder cover 1-2-3, and the three are connected into a whole through bolts, so that the structure of which the outer side is square and the inner side is round is formed overall. An oil inlet P and a test interface T are arranged on the periphery of the oil cylinder 1-2-1, a sealing groove is formed in the inner ring and used for mounting a sealing element A1-3-4, and a threaded interface is arranged at the end and used for mounting an oil cylinder end cover 1-3-2 to limit the piston 1-3-1. The inner and outer radial directions of the oil cylinder end cover 1-3-2 are both provided with a sealing groove for installing a sealing element. The back of the cylinder cover 1-2-3 is provided with an air outlet to prevent back pressure when the brake is released, and the inner wall of the cylinder cover is provided with external threads for fixing the adjusting sleeve 1-4-2. The joint of the disc spring cylinder body 1-2-2 and the cylinder cover 1-2-3 and the oil cylinder 1-2-1 is provided with a rectangular sealing ring and an O-shaped ring for dust prevention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the piston assembly comprises a piston 1-3-1 and a cylinder end cover 1-3-2, and an oil chamber C is formed by a space surrounded by the cylinder 1-2-1, the cylinder end cover 1-3-2 and the piston 1-3-1; the large excircle of the piston 1-3-1 realizes the left side dynamic seal through a sealing element A1-3-4 and a guide belt in the radial direction; the small outer circle of the piston (1-3-1) realizes the inner dynamic sealing of the right side through a Stent seal and a guide belt in the radial direction; the right side of the oil cylinder is statically sealed through a prismatic sealing ring arranged on the outer diameter of the end cover 1-3-2 of the oil cylinder. A sealed oil cavity C is formed by the parts, an oil inlet groove is formed in the end face of the piston, and oil pressure can be quickly established through the oil groove.

The disc spring assembly mainly comprises a disc spring 1-5-1, a disc spring support ring 1-5-2 and a disc spring washer 1-5-3, the rear end of the disc spring 1-5-1 is supported on the cylinder cover 1-2-3 through the disc spring support ring 1-5-2, and the front end of the disc spring abuts against the rear end face of the adjusting sleeve 1-4-2 of the gap adjusting assembly 1-4 through the disc spring washer 1-5-3. The disc spring 1-5-1 is a braking force generation source, and the output force can be adjusted by adjusting the thicknesses of the disc spring support ring 1-5-2 and the disc spring washer 1-5-3; the disc spring 1-5-1 is guided by the outer ring to reduce the friction with the guide surface, and is installed in a disc mode to realize the transmission of large-stroke force.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the gap adjusting assembly mainly comprises an adjusting nut 1-4-1, an adjusting sleeve 1-4-2, a guide nut 1-4-3, a guide sleeve 1-4-4, an adjusting nut washer 1-4-5, a claw and a spring 1-4-6. The adjusting sleeve 1-4-2 is connected with the disc spring cylinder body 1-2-2 through a key to realize translation. The rear end face of the adjusting sleeve 1-4-2 is abutted against the front end of the disc spring 1-5-1 through a disc spring washer 1-5-3; the front end surface of the adjusting sleeve 1-4-2 is directly abutted against the piston 1-3-1 to realize the transmission of braking force. The adjusting nut 1-4-1 is arranged in the adjusting sleeve 1-4-2, and a tooth claw mechanism is arranged between the adjusting nut and the adjusting sleeve 1-4-2 to realize unidirectional rotation. The inner ring of the adjusting nut 1-4-1 is provided with internal threads 1-4-1-3 to realize the transmission of force between the adjusting nut and the screw rod 1-6-2, the internal threads are preferably T-shaped threads, and multiple threads are suggested between the screw rod and the adjusting nut to increase the thrust. In addition, the adjusting nut 1-4-1 has a first vertical surface located at a rear end thereof against the adjusting sleeve 1-4-2, and a second vertical surface located at a front end thereof and contacting the piston 1-3-1 through a thrust needle bearing 1-3-3. The needle bearing 1-3-3 enables the adjusting nut 1-4-1 to rotate smoothly, so that gap adjustment is realized, and the specific process of the gap adjustment is shown below. An adjusting nut gasket 1-4-5 is arranged between the first vertical surface of the adjusting nut 1-4-1 and the adjusting sleeve 1-4-2. The position of the adjusting nut 1-4-1 in the adjusting sleeve 1-4-2 is adjusted through the adjusting nut gasket 1-4-5, so that the adjusting nut 1-4-1 is in contact with the piston 1-3-1 through the needle bearing 1-3-3, but does not bear or hardly bear the transmission of braking force, and the adjusting nut 1-4-1 can be ensured to rotate smoothly. The guide sleeve 1-4-4 is fixedly connected to the cylinder cover 1-2-3 through threads. The guide nut 1-4-3 is arranged in the guide sleeve 1-4-4, and a gear claw mechanism is arranged between the guide nut and the guide sleeve 1-4-4, so that unidirectional rotation is realized, and a certain range of axial relative movement can be performed, wherein the maximum distance of the axial relative movement is S (conventional brake clearance). The guiding nut 1-4-3 and the adjusting nut 1-4-1 are provided with mutually matched spiral structures 1-4-1-4, in this example, the spiral structures adopt spiral thrust surfaces in the form of spiral grooves, and in addition, non-self-locking threads or other types of spiral structures can also be adopted.

In this embodiment, the axial relative movement within a certain range is implemented by the following structure: the rear end of the guide nut 1-4-3 is fixed with a limit nut 1-8-2 through threads, the limit nut 1-8-2 and the guide nut 1-4-3 are provided with outward convex and opposite vertical surfaces, the gap between the two vertical surfaces is L1, a limit check ring with the thickness of L2 is arranged in the guide sleeve 1-4-4 and inserted into the gap between the two vertical surfaces, and the maximum distance of the limit check ring moving axially in the gap is S = L1-L2. In order to adjust the conventional brake clearance S, in the embodiment, a clearance adjusting gasket 1-8-3 is arranged between the limiting retainer ring and the convex vertical surface of the limiting nut 1-8-2. The conventional brake gap S is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the shim 1-8-3. In addition, the clearance adjusting shim 1-8-3 can also be arranged between the limiting retainer ring and the convex vertical surface of the guide nut 1-4-3.

As shown in figure 6, the inner wall of the guide sleeve 1-4-4 is circumferentially provided with a unidirectional tooth groove 1-4-1-2, which can also be called a sawtooth groove, the guide nut 1-4-3 is circumferentially provided with a counter bore 1-4-1-1, a spring and a claw supported by the spring are placed in the counter bore, and the claw is matched with the unidirectional tooth groove 1-4-1-2 to realize unidirectional rotation of the guide nut 1-4-3 in the guide sleeve 1-4-4. The same one-way ratchet mechanism is also arranged between the adjusting sleeve 1-4-2 and the adjusting nut 1-4-1.

As a replacement scheme, the guide nut 1-4-3 is provided with a unidirectional tooth socket along the circumferential direction, namely the guide nut 1-4-3 is a ratchet barrel, the inner wall of the guide sleeve 1-4-4 is provided with a counter bore along the circumferential direction, a spring and a claw supported by the spring are placed in the counter bore, and the claw is matched with the unidirectional tooth socket to realize unidirectional rotation of the guide nut 1-4-3 in the guide sleeve 1-4-4.

In the embodiment, the rotation direction of the adjusting nut 1-4-1 which can rotate in one direction in the adjusting sleeve 1-4-2 and the rotation direction of the guide nut 1-4-3 which can rotate in one direction in the guide sleeve 1-4-4 are consistent with the rotation direction of the adjusting nut (1-4-1) which is close to the guide nut 1-4-3 under the action of the spiral structure (1-4-1-4); when the adjusting nut 1-4-1 is rotationally close to the guide nut by a distance A of 1-4-3 under the guidance of the spiral structure 1-4-1-4, the screw rod is pushed forward by a certain distance relative to the adjusting nut 1-4-1 under the driving of the adjusting nut 1-4-1, so that clearance compensation to a certain degree is realized, and the specific compensation proportion is obtained by calculation according to the rotation angle of the spiral mechanism between the adjusting nut 1-4-1 and the guide nut 1-4-3 and the screw pitch of the screw rod mechanism.

As shown in figure 4, the partition plate 1-8-1 is fixed on the inner side of the cylinder cover, and a translation space of the limiting nut 1-8-2 is formed between the partition plate 1-8-1 and the limiting retainer ring of the guide sleeve 1-4-4.

As shown in fig. 4, the hexagonal reset screw assembly 1-6 mainly comprises a hexagonal reset screw 1-6-1, a screw rod 1-6-2, a thrust rod 1-6-3 and a stop block 1-6-4; the hexagonal reset screw rod 1-6-1 is connected with the screw rod 1-6-2 through a flat key 1-6-5, and a hexagonal head of the hexagonal reset screw rod 1-6-1 is clamped into the stop block 1-6-4U-shaped groove, so that a movement mode that the screw rod 1-6-2 can only translate and can not rotate is realized; the thrust rod 1-6-3 is sleeved into an inner hole at the head of the screw rod 1-6-2 to transmit the force of the screw rod 1-6-2 to a lever of the brake clamp, and the end part of the thrust rod is provided with a dustproof sleeve 1-6-6.

As shown in FIG. 5, the differential pressure valve assembly 1-7 comprises a valve body 1-7-1 and valve covers 1-7-2 arranged at two ends of the valve body 1-7-1, a valve cavity 1-7-5 is arranged in the valve body 1-7-1, a common relief oil path input port A and an auxiliary relief oil path B are respectively arranged on the two valve covers 1-7-2, and a sealing element B1-7-4 is arranged at the joint of the valve body 1-7-1 and the valve covers 1-7-2. The differential pressure valve outputs one of the two oil paths with larger pressure, and closes the other path with smaller oil pressure through the valve core. The two oil ways are redundant, and the safety of the oil way of the vehicle is ensured.

The brake cylinder of the embodiment performs basic braking, relieving, clearance compensation and manual mechanical relieving functions as follows:

when the brake is normal (namely the disc clearance is smaller than the conventional brake clearance S), an oil circuit of a hydraulic system is opened, under the elastic force action of a disc spring 1-5-1 of a brake cylinder, the brake force is sequentially output forwards through an adjusting sleeve 1-4-2, an adjusting nut 1-4-1 and a screw rod 1-6-2 to push a lever assembly 1-3, so that a brake disc is clamped by a brake pad 1-9-1, and the brake is realized, when the adjusting sleeve (-4-2 is pushed forwards, a piston 1-3-1 is also pushed forwards, and simultaneously, under the action of a spiral structure 1-4-1-4, the adjusting nut 1-4-1 is pulled forwards in the advancing process by the same distance as that of the guiding nut 1-4-3.

When normal release is carried out (namely the disc clearance is smaller than the conventional brake clearance S), hydraulic oil is injected into a hydraulic oil cavity C of the brake cylinder, so that the piston 1-3-1 sequentially passes through the adjusting nut 1-4-1) to adjust the sleeve 1-4-2 and the disc spring washer 1-5-3 to compress the disc spring 1-5-1, the screw rod is retracted, and the brake disc is released by the brake disc 1-9-1 under the action of the brake disc reset spring 1-9-3, so that release is realized. In this process, the adjusting nut 1-4-1 pushes the adjusting nut 1-4-1 back the same distance by means of the screw structure 1-4-1-4.

The invention has the function of automatic clearance adjustment. When the disc clearance is larger than the conventional brake clearance S, in the oil drainage braking process, firstly, the adjusting nut 1-4-1 pulls the guide nut 1-4-3 to move forward by a distance S, and at the moment, the limiting nut at the rear end of the guide nut 1-4-3 is limited by the limiting check ring, so that the axial movement distance of the guide nut 1-4-3 reaches the limit; when the adjusting nut 1-4-1 continues to move forward, the adjusting nut 1-4-1 is locked and can not rotate due to the action of the one-way tooth grooves, the guide nut 1-4-3 rotates clockwise (inwards) according to the figure 2 under the guide of the spiral structure 1-4-1-4 until the brake is in place, and at the moment, the adjusting nut 1-4-1 moves forward by the distance S + A together. In the oil filling relieving process, firstly the adjusting nut 1-4-1 pushes the adjusting nut 1-4-1 to retreat by a distance S by means of the spiral structure 1-4-1-4, the vertical face of the guiding nut 1-4-3 props against the limiting retainer ring of the adjusting sleeve 1-4-2 and cannot retreat, and the adjusting nut 1-4-1 cannot rotate anticlockwise (outwards) according to the figure 2 due to the action of the one-way tooth grooves. In the process of continuously retreating the adjusting nut 1-4-1, the adjusting nut 1-4-1 starts to rotate clockwise (inwards) according to the figure 2 under the guidance of the spiral structure 1-4-1-4 until the brake is completely relieved, and in the process, the adjusting nut 1-4-1 moves backwards for a total distance of S + A. In the rotation process of the adjusting nut 1-4-1, the screw rod is limited by the flat key 1-6-5 and cannot rotate, so that the screw rod 1-6-2 is pushed forwards relative to the adjusting nut 1-4-1 by a certain distance X, and the X in the embodiment is obtained by calculation according to the rotation angle of the screw mechanism between the adjusting nut 1-4-1 and the guide nut 1-4-3 and the screw pitch of the screw rod mechanism. Because of the characteristics of low speed grade, strong electric braking capability and the like of the tramcar, the abrasion loss of a disc of the hydraulic braking device is small, and X is generally small, so that oil is required to be charged and discharged for multiple times to complete clearance compensation.

The brake cylinder of the invention is also provided with a mechanical relieving function, and the mechanical relieving can be realized without a special external mechanical relieving device. When mechanical relief is performed, the stop block 1-6-4 for fixing the hexagonal reset screw rod 1-6-1 is removed, the wrench is sleeved in the inner hexagonal hole or the outer hexagonal head at the rear end of the hexagonal reset screw rod and rotates anticlockwise, so that the screw rod 1-6-2 is driven to rotate relative to the axis of the clearance adjusting assembly and move backwards, and mechanical relief is achieved. In addition, when the clearance between the disks is initially installed and adjusted, the clearance between the disks can be directly adjusted by rotating the hexagonal reset screw, so that the purpose of quickly adjusting the clearance between the disks on site is achieved.

In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic brake clamp comprises a clamp body (1-1), a brake cylinder (1-2) fixed on the clamp body (1-1), a lever assembly (1-3) hinged to the clamp body (1-1) through a lever pin shaft (1-4), and a brake pad assembly (1-5) arranged on the clamp body (1-1), wherein the rear end of the lever assembly (1-3) is suitable for being pushed out by an output head of the brake cylinder (1-2), the front end of the lever assembly (1-3) is suitable for pressing the brake pad assembly (1-5) towards a brake disc, one end of the clamp body (1-1) is connected to a mounting seat assembly (1-6) through a supporting pin shaft, the other end of the clamp body is connected to a support assembly (1-9) through a torque rod assembly (1-8), the mounting seat assemblies (1-6) and the bracket assemblies (1-9) are suitable for being mounted on the axle end of a vehicle through bolts;

the brake cylinder includes: the oil cylinder comprises an oil cylinder (1-2-1), a disc spring cylinder body (1-2-2), a cylinder cover (1-2-3) and a piston assembly, a clearance adjusting assembly and a disc spring assembly which are connected into a cylinder body assembly through bolts, wherein the piston assembly, the clearance adjusting assembly and the disc spring assembly are coaxial with a main axis of the oil cylinder, the differential pressure valve assembly (1-7) is arranged on one side of the oil cylinder (1-2-1), the oil cylinder (1-2-1) is provided with an oil inlet (P) and an oil cavity (C) communicated with the oil inlet (P), the differential pressure valve assembly (1-7) is provided with a valve cavity (1-7-5), a valve core (1-7-3) arranged in the valve cavity (1-7-5), a common relief oil circuit (A) connected with two ends of the, the output port (D) is connected with the middle part of the valve cavity (1-7-5) and is connected with the oil inlet (P); the gap adjustment assembly includes:

the adjusting sleeve (1-4-2) is arranged in the disc spring cylinder body (1-2-2) in a sliding manner through a key; the rear end of the adjusting sleeve (1-4-2) is abutted against the front end of the disc spring (1-5-1), and the front end face of the adjusting sleeve is abutted against the piston (1-3-1);

the adjusting nut (1-4-1) is arranged in the adjusting sleeve (1-4-2) and can rotate in a single direction; the adjusting nut (1-4-1) is provided with an internal thread (1-4-1-3) matched with the external thread of the screw rod (1-6-2), a first vertical face which is positioned at the rear end and is propped against the adjusting sleeve (1-4-2), and a second vertical face which is positioned at the front end and is contacted with the piston (1-3-1) through a thrust needle bearing (1-3-3);

the guide sleeve (1-4-4) is positioned behind the adjusting sleeve (1-4-2) and fastened on the inner side of the cylinder cover (1-2-3); and

the guide nut (1-4-3) is arranged in the guide sleeve (1-4-4) and can axially move relatively and rotate in a single direction; the maximum distance of the axial relative movement is S;

the guide nut (1-4-3) is matched with the adjusting nut (1-4-1) through a spiral structure (1-4-1-4), and the spiral structure (1-4-1-4) adopts a spiral thrust surface with an open spiral groove structure.

2. The hydraulic brake caliper of claim 1, wherein: the clamp body (1-1) is provided with a brake cylinder installation interface (1-1-1), a lever pin shaft upper end installation interface (1-1-2) and a lower end installation interface (1-1-3); an interface (1-1-4) is arranged at the upper end of the brake pad pin shaft and an interface (1-1-5) is arranged at the lower end of the brake pad pin shaft; the upper end of the clamp body (1-1) is provided with a supporting pin shaft mounting interface (1-1-6), the lower end of the clamp body (1-1) is provided with a connecting interface (1-1-7) with the bracket component, and the middle part of the back plate of the right brake pad mounted on the clamp body (1-1) is provided with a magnet (1-1-8).

3. The hydraulic brake caliper of claim 2, wherein: the upper end of the lever pin shaft (1-4) extends into the upper end mounting interface (1-1-2) of the lever pin of the clamp body (1-1), and the lower end of the lever pin shaft (1-4) extends into the lower end mounting interface (1-1-3) of the lever pin of the clamp body (1-1); an oil injection nozzle (H) is arranged at the end part of the lever component (1-3), and an oil way leading to the lever pin shaft (1-4) is arranged in the lever component (1-3) and used for lubricating the lever pin shaft (1-4).

4. The hydraulic brake caliper of claim 2, wherein: the brake pad assembly (1-5) comprises a brake pad (1-9-1), a brake pad pin shaft (1-9-2), a brake pad reset spring (1-9-3) and a plug pin (1-9-4), the brake pad (1-9-1) comprises a left brake pad (1-9-1-1) and a right brake pad (1-9-1-2), the brake pad pin shaft (1-9-2) is arranged at an upper end mounting interface (1-1-4) of the brake pad pin shaft of the caliper body (1-1) and a lower end mounting interface (1-1-5) of the brake pad pin shaft; the left brake pad (1-9-1-1) and the right brake pad (1-9-1-2) are arranged on the caliper body (1-1) through an upper brake pad pin shaft (1-9-2) and a lower brake pad pin shaft (1-9-2), the brake pad reset spring (1-9-3) is sleeved on the brake pad pin shaft (1-9-2), two ends of the brake pad reset spring respectively abut against bushings welded on the left brake pad (1-9-1-1) and the right brake pad (1-9-1-2), and the plug pin (1-9-4) is inserted into the brake pad pin shaft (1-9-2) and penetrates out of the end part of the caliper body (1-1).

5. The hydraulic brake caliper of claim 1, wherein: the differential pressure valve assembly (1-7) is provided with a valve body (1-7-1) and valve covers (1-7-2) arranged at two ends of the valve body (1-7-1), the valve cavity (1-7-5) is located in the valve body (1-7-1), a common relief oil path input port (A) and an auxiliary relief oil path (B) are respectively arranged on the two valve covers (1-7-2), and a sealing element B (1-7-4) is arranged at the joint of the valve body (1-7-1) and the valve covers (1-7-2).

6. The hydraulic brake caliper of claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve (1-4-2) is circumferentially provided with a unidirectional tooth socket, the adjusting nut (1-4-1) is circumferentially provided with a counter bore, a spring and a claw supported by the spring are placed in the counter bore, and the claw is matched with the unidirectional tooth socket to realize unidirectional rotation of the adjusting nut (1-4-1) in the adjusting sleeve (1-4-2); the inner wall of the guide sleeve (1-4-4) is circumferentially provided with a unidirectional tooth socket, the guide nut (1-4-3) is circumferentially provided with a counter bore, a spring and a claw supported by the spring are placed in the counter bore, and the claw is matched with the unidirectional tooth socket to realize unidirectional rotation of the guide nut (1-4-3) in the guide sleeve (1-4-4).

7. The hydraulic brake caliper of claim 1, wherein: the piston assembly (1-3) comprises a piston (1-3-1) and an oil cylinder end cover (1-3-2), and the oil cavity (C) is formed by a space surrounded by the oil cylinder (1-2-1), the oil cylinder end cover (1-3-2) and the piston (1-3-1); the large outer circle of the piston (1-3-1) realizes the left side dynamic seal through a sealing element A and a guide belt in the radial direction; the small outer circle of the piston (1-3-1) realizes the inner dynamic sealing of the right side through a Stent seal and a guide belt in the radial direction; the right outer seal realizes static seal through a seal ring; the disc spring assembly (1-5) comprises a disc spring (1-5-1), a disc spring support ring (1-5-2) and a disc spring gasket (1-5-3); the rear end of the disc spring (1-5-1) is supported on the cylinder cover (1-2-3) through a disc spring support ring (1-5-2), and the front end of the disc spring (1-5-1) is abutted against the gap adjusting component through a disc spring gasket (1-5-3).

8. The hydraulic brake caliper of claim 1, wherein: the hexagonal reset screw rod assembly is characterized by further comprising a hexagonal reset screw rod assembly (1-6), the hexagonal reset screw rod assembly (1-6) is provided with a hexagonal reset screw rod (1-6-1) matched with the screw rod (1-6-2) through a flat key (1-6-5), and the head of the hexagonal reset screw rod (1-6-1) is limited on the cylinder cover (1-2-3) through a stop block (1-6-4) to prevent the hexagonal reset screw rod from rotating; the front end of the screw rod (1-6-2) is connected with a thrust rod (1-6-3), and a dustproof sleeve (1-6-6) is arranged between the thrust rod (1-6-3) and the oil cylinder end cover (1-3-2).