CN109334694B - Air duct integrated embedded air conditioning unit for rail transit vehicle - Google Patents
Air duct integrated embedded air conditioning unit for rail transit vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN109334694B CN109334694B CN201811339096.9A CN201811339096A CN109334694B CN 109334694 B CN109334694 B CN 109334694B CN 201811339096 A CN201811339096 A CN 201811339096A CN 109334694 B CN109334694 B CN 109334694B
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- air conditioning
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- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
- B61D27/0018—Air-conditioning means, i.e. combining at least two of the following ways of treating or supplying air, namely heating, cooling or ventilating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated embedded air conditioning unit for an air duct of a rail transit vehicle, which comprises an air conditioning unit box body, wherein at least one compression condensing chamber and at least one evaporation chamber are arranged in the air conditioning unit box body, at least one air delivery duct is arranged in each compression condensing chamber, the air delivery duct is designed to pass through the structure of the compression condensing chamber, one end of the air delivery duct is connected with an air delivery duct of the vehicle body, the other end of the air delivery duct is connected with the evaporation chamber, a compression condensing module is arranged in the compression condensing chamber, and the compression condensing module mainly comprises: compressor, condenser, condensing fan, drier-filter and refrigeration pipeline be provided with evaporation module and air treatment module in the evaporation chamber, evaporation module mainly includes: the air treatment module comprises an air purifying device. The invention can solve the problem of low energy efficiency caused by ultrathin design of the air conditioner of the existing rail transit vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners of rail vehicles, in particular to an integrated embedded air conditioning unit for an air duct of a rail transit vehicle.
Background
The air conditioner of the rail transit vehicle is a second large power consumer of vehicles except traction power, taking six-section marshalled subway vehicles as an example, the total power consumption of the air conditioner per train per year is about 25-40 ten thousand kWh (the total power consumption of the air conditioner varies greatly with different vehicle types and different areas of climate and passenger flow). In recent years, a method for reducing the energy consumption of the air conditioner of the rail transit vehicle has been sought under the pressure of each subway company, vehicle manufacturing plant, air conditioner provider, and the like, which are forced to consume electricity. However, rail transit vehicles, particularly subway vehicles, are generally between 300mm and 400mm in height of an air conditioning unit mounted on a roof of a vehicle due to the influence of vehicle restrictions and the like. Recently, in order to meet the requirements of aerodynamics, aesthetic appearance and the like, each rail transit vehicle manufacturer generally does not allow the air conditioning unit to exceed the outline of the vehicle body, which further compresses the height of the air conditioning unit, and ultra-thin air conditioning with the height of about 300mm becomes the main stream requirement of each rail transit vehicle manufacturer. It is known that the lower the height of the air conditioning unit is, the lower the energy efficiency ratio is, the energy efficiency ratio COP of the existing rail transit vehicle air conditioning unit when the air conditioning unit is fully cooled is generally between 2.0 and 2.4, and compared with the energy efficiency of the household and commercial air conditioners of about 3.0, the energy efficiency ratio of the existing rail transit vehicle air conditioning unit is greatly optimized. Firstly, the existing air conditioning unit has low height, so that the thickness of the heat exchanger can only be increased to ensure enough heat exchange area, which inevitably leads to overhigh head-on wind speed of the heat exchanger, poorer uniformity of the air side and increased resistance of the air side and the refrigerant side, thereby increasing the power consumption of the compressor, the condensing fan and the blower. And secondly, the air conditioning unit has narrow internal space and larger flow passage resistance at the condensation side and the evaporation side, so that the power consumption of a condensation fan and a blower is required to be increased. And the air path at the joint of the air conditioning unit and the air delivery duct generally has structures such as turning, reducing and the like, so that the air supply resistance is overlarge, and the power consumption of the blower is increased. The power consumption of the blower not only affects the COP of the refrigeration mode, but also greatly affects the ventilation power consumption in other modes such as ventilation, heating and the like, and the power consumption of the blower is reduced as much as possible, so that the annual air conditioner power consumption can be reduced to a great extent. From the analysis, the ultrathin design of the air conditioner of the rail transit vehicle causes the reality of low energy efficiency ratio to be contrary to the increasingly improved energy-saving and noise-reducing requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of low energy efficiency caused by ultrathin design of an air conditioner of the existing rail transit vehicle.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the utility model provides an integrated embedded air conditioning unit in wind channel for rail transit vehicle, includes the air conditioning unit box be provided with at least one compression condensing chamber and at least one evaporating chamber in the air conditioning unit box, be provided with at least one delivery duct in every compression condensing chamber, the delivery duct designs to the structure that passes compression condensing chamber, and the one end and the automobile body delivery duct of this delivery duct are connected, and the other end is connected with the evaporating chamber be provided with compression condensing module in the compression condensing chamber, compression condensing module mainly includes: compressor, condenser, condensing fan, drier-filter and refrigeration pipeline be provided with evaporation module and air treatment module in the evaporation chamber, evaporation module mainly includes: the air treatment module comprises an air purification device, a compressor, a condenser, a drying filter, an evaporator and an expansion valve are connected through the refrigeration pipeline to form a closed system, a fresh air door and a return air door are respectively arranged on two sides of an evaporation chamber, fresh air flowing in from the fresh air door and return air flowing in from the return air door are mixed on two sides of the evaporation chamber, mixed air flows into the evaporator for cooling and dehumidifying after being filtered by a mixed air filter screen, cooled and dehumidified air is sent into air supply channels on two sides of a compression condensing chamber by the blower and finally sent into a carriage by a carriage body air supply channel, and the evaporation module and the compression condensing module adopt modularized design.
Preferably, the compressor adopts a vertical compressor, and the air supply is in a horizontal air supply mode. The vertical compressor has high efficiency, light weight and simple and convenient installation.
Preferably, the condenser adopts U type condenser, and this U type condenser encloses to locate the condensation fan outside, condenser and compressor are modular structure, make full use of unit height and inner space, reduce condenser thickness, increase condenser heat transfer area and frontal area, reduce the head-on wind speed, optimize the interior runner of condensation chamber, reduce whole condensation chamber internal resistance and condensing pressure to reduce the consumption and the noise of compressor and condensation fan.
Preferably, the U-shaped evaporators are adopted, the number of the U-shaped evaporators is two, the U-shaped evaporators are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the evaporating fan, the U-shaped evaporators and the condensed water ponding disc are respectively designed into a modularized structure, the height and the internal space of a unit are fully utilized, the thickness of the evaporators is reduced, the heat exchange area and the windward area of the evaporators are increased, the windward speed is reduced, the resistance of the evaporators is reduced, and the evaporating pressure is improved. Meanwhile, the internal flow passage of the evaporating chamber is optimized, and the resistance of components and structures such as a fresh air grid, a fresh air door, a return air door, a mixed air filter screen, an air supply cavity and the like is reduced. The increase in the evaporating pressure helps to reduce the compressor power consumption, and the evaporator, the air mixing filter screen, and other components and the overall flow path resistance, will help to reduce the blower power consumption. The reduction of the power consumption of the blower not only can improve the energy efficiency ratio of the air conditioner in the refrigerating and heat pump modes, but also can reduce the power consumption under other modes such as ventilation and the like.
Preferably, a condensed water accumulation tray is arranged below the evaporator, a drain pipe of the condensed water accumulation tray is connected with a condensed air inlet side of the compression condensing chamber, and the condensed air inlet temperature can be reduced after condensed water is evaporated, so that the condensing pressure can be reduced, and the energy consumption of a refrigerating system is reduced.
Preferably, the blower adopts a centrifugal fan in the back direction, the blower directly sends wind into four small air channels integrated on two sides of the compression condensing chamber, the usage of the centrifugal fan in the back direction is very met, the whole flow field is smooth, and the resistance and the airflow noise of the whole flow channel are small.
Preferably, the fresh air door and the return air door are both provided with barrier bars, fresh air flowing in through the fresh air barrier bars and the fresh air door is mixed with return air flowing in from the return air door at two sides of the evaporation chamber, and mixed air after mixing is filtered by the mixed air filter screen and flows into the evaporator for cooling and dehumidifying.
Preferably, the compressor is provided with a high-pressure sensor and a low-pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the compressor, so that safety is ensured.
Preferably, the evaporation chamber has an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure, so that smooth ventilation of wind direction is ensured.
Preferably, the air conditioning unit adopts one of a double-condensing module and a single-evaporating module design or a double-evaporating module and a single-condensing module design or a double-evaporating module and a double-condensing module design.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The novel air duct integrated embedded air conditioner unit (total height is about 550-600 mm) is formed by skillfully integrating the existing air conditioner unit (total height is 300-400 mm) of the rail transit vehicle, the sound-insulation and cold-proof layer (total height is about 50-80 mm) of the vehicle body and the air duct (total height is about 150-200 mm) at the bottom of the vehicle body. The air duct integrated embedded air conditioning unit not only can realize all functions of an original air conditioning unit, a sound insulation and cold-proof layer of a vehicle body and an air duct, but also effectively utilizes the internal space of the unit by adopting components and structures such as a vertical compressor, a U-shaped evaporator, a condenser, a back centrifugal blower, a double compression condensing chamber and the like, increases the area of a heat exchanger, optimizes the air side resistance in the air conditioning unit, the resistance at the joint of the air conditioning unit and an air delivery duct and the side resistance of a refrigerant, optimizes the control logic of an air conditioning system, reduces the power consumption of the compressor, the condensing blower and the blower, improves the energy efficiency ratio of the refrigerating system, reduces the annual energy consumption of the air conditioning unit, and thus achieves the purposes of energy conservation, noise reduction, weight reduction and the like;
2. By changing the type of the air outlet under the original air conditioning unit into horizontal air outlet, integrating part of air channels into the air conditioning unit, arranging an evaporation cavity in the middle of the unit, improving the flow field environment, the air conditioning unit can improve the energy efficiency ratio COP of a refrigerating system from 2.0-2.4 to 2.8-3.0 in the existing full cooling, and from 1.7-2.0 to about 2.6-2.8 in the half cooling, and can reduce the power consumption of a blower by 25% -30%, reduce the weight of the whole vehicle by 100 kg/vehicle, thereby realizing the energy saving goal of 25% -30% in the whole year.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top-level structural layout of a duct integrated embedded air conditioning unit for rail transit vehicles according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of the lower layer structure of the air duct integrated embedded air conditioning unit for the rail transit vehicle;
FIG. 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view at the illustrated vaporization chamber;
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the air duct integrated embedded air conditioning unit for rail transit vehicles shown;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cooling schematic of an integrated air conditioning unit for a rail transit vehicle;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an integrated air conditioning unit for a rail transit vehicle;
The components in the drawings are marked as follows: 1. the device comprises a compressor, 2, a low-pressure sensor, 3, a high-pressure sensor, 4, a condenser, 5, a condensing fan, 6, a drying filter, 7, an expansion valve, 8, an evaporator, 9, a blower, 10, a mixed air filter screen, 11, an air conditioning unit box body, 12, a compression condensing chamber, 13, an evaporating chamber, 20, an air delivery duct, 21, a fresh air door, 22 and a return air door.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making clear and defining the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 6, an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the utility model provides an integrated embedded air conditioning unit in wind channel for rail transit vehicle adopts the design of two condensation module and single evaporation module, includes air conditioning unit box 11 be provided with two compression condensing chamber 12 and an evaporation chamber 13 in the air conditioning unit box 11, two compression condensing chamber 12 symmetric distributions are at the both ends of air conditioning unit box 11, evaporation chamber 13 sets up between two compression condensing chamber 12, and the bottom of every compression condensing chamber 12 both sides has distributed two delivery duct 20 respectively, and the one end and the automobile body delivery duct of this delivery duct 20 are connected, and the other end is connected with evaporation chamber 13 be provided with compression condensing module in the compression condensing chamber 12, compression condensing module mainly includes: compressor 1, condenser 4, condensing fan 5, drier-filter 6 and refrigeration pipeline be provided with evaporation module and air treatment module in evaporation chamber 13, the evaporation module mainly includes: the air treatment module mainly comprises an air purifying device, wherein a compressor 1, a condenser 4, a drying filter 6, the evaporator 8 and the expansion valve 7 are connected through the refrigeration pipeline to form a closed system, a fresh air door 21 and a return air door 22 are respectively arranged on two sides of an evaporation chamber 13, fresh air flowing in from the fresh air door 21 and return air flowing in from the return air door 22 are mixed on two sides of the evaporation chamber, mixed air flows into the evaporator 8 for cooling and dehumidifying after being filtered by a mixed air filter screen 10, cooled and dehumidified air is sent into an air delivery duct 20 on two sides of a compression condensation chamber 12 through the blower 9, and finally is sent into a carriage through a carriage body air delivery duct.
As shown in fig. 5, which is a refrigeration schematic diagram of the present invention, a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the condenser 4 through a refrigeration pipeline, is condensed into a medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid in the condenser 4, and the refrigerant liquid is filtered by the drying filter 6, wherein the condensation heat of the condenser 4 is absorbed by condensation wind and discharged into the atmosphere by the condensation fan 5; the medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid flowing in from the compression condensing chamber 12 is changed into a low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant vapor-liquid mixture after being throttled by the expansion valve 7, then flows into the evaporator 8, the refrigerant liquid in the evaporator 8 absorbs the heat of the mixed wind and then becomes low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant superheated vapor, and finally is absorbed by the compressor 1 of the compression condensing chamber 12 through the air return pipeline, thereby completing a complete cycle.
Referring to fig. 6, fresh air flowing in through the fresh air grille and the fresh air door 21 is mixed with return air flowing in from the return air door 22 at both sides of the evaporation chamber 13, and the mixed air after mixing is filtered by the mixed air filter screen 10, flows into the evaporator 8 to cool and dehumidify, and condensed water generated in the dehumidification process is discharged into the condensation chamber through the drain pipe of the water accumulation plate and is discharged out of the vehicle through the rainwater pipe. The air processed by the mixed air filter screen 10 and the evaporator 8 is sent to the air delivery channels 20 on two sides of the compression condensing chamber 12 through the air feeder 9, and finally sent to the carriage through the carriage air delivery channels. The air conditioning system removes dust, lowers the temperature and dehumidifies the whole carriage through the processes, and provides a comfortable riding environment for passengers.
In the embodiment, a double compression condensing chamber and a single evaporation chamber structure are adopted, each compression condensing chamber consists of an independent compressor 1, a condenser 4 and a condensing fan 5, and in a semi-cooling mode, only one compressor, one condensing fan and one condenser are required to be started. The existing air conditioning unit generally comprises a compression condensing chamber, wherein the compression condensing chamber comprises two compressors, two condensers and two condensing fans, and when one compressor is opened in a semi-cooling mode, the two condensing fans must be simultaneously opened to enable the system to work normally. Compared with an air duct integrated embedded air conditioning unit, the semi-cooling mode increases the power consumption of a condensing fan, so that the COP of the existing air conditioner is too low (generally about 1.7-2.0) under the semi-cooling mode condition, and the air conditioning system works for a longer time under the semi-cooling mode according to the annual load. Therefore, the air duct integrated embedded air conditioning unit has very considerable energy saving in terms of starting a condensing fan in the semi-cooling mode. Meanwhile, the structures of the double compression condensing chamber and the single evaporating chamber can greatly shorten the pipeline of the refrigeration system, save cost, reduce the resistance of the refrigeration pipeline and improve the energy efficiency ratio of the refrigeration system.
The invention adopts a modularized design, a compressor 1, a condenser 4, a condensing fan 5, a drying filter 6, a refrigerating pipeline and the like form a compression condensing module, and an evaporator 8, a blower 9, a condensed water accumulation disc, an expansion valve 7 and the refrigerating pipeline form an evaporating module. The modularized design is beneficial to reducing the weight of the unit and is convenient to install and maintain.
According to the invention, the ultrathin air conditioning unit, the vehicle body sound-proof and cold-proof layer and the air duct at the bottom are integrated into the air duct integrated embedded air conditioning unit, and the weight of the air conditioning unit is increased, but the original vehicle body sound-proof and cold-proof layer and the air duct at the bottom are integrated, so that the weight of the whole vehicle is reduced, and the purposes of reducing weight and saving energy are achieved.
As shown in fig. 2, the blower 9 in the invention adopts a back centrifugal blower, the blower 9 directly sends the air into four small air channels integrated on two sides of the compression condensing chamber 12, the usage of the back centrifugal blower is very consistent, the whole flow field is smooth, and the resistance and the air flow noise of the whole flow channel are small. The existing ultrathin air conditioner adopts a bottom feeding and returning structure, the air feeding needs to turn a right angle bend in an air feeding duct of 150-200 mm, and the air resistance and the airflow noise are very large.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an integrated embedded air conditioning unit of wind channel for rail transit vehicle, its characterized in that, includes the air conditioning unit box be provided with two compression condensing chambers and an evaporation chamber in the air conditioning unit box, be provided with at least one delivery duct in every compression condensing chamber, the delivery duct designs to the structure that passes compression condensing chamber, and the one end and the automobile body delivery duct of this delivery duct are connected, and the other end is connected with the evaporation chamber be provided with compression condensing module in the compression condensing chamber, compression condensing module mainly includes: compressor, condenser, condensing fan, drier-filter and refrigeration pipeline be provided with evaporation module and air treatment module in the evaporation chamber, evaporation module mainly includes: the air treatment module comprises an air purification device, wherein a compressor, a condenser, a drying filter, the evaporator and the expansion valve are connected through the refrigeration pipeline to form a closed system, a fresh air door and a return air door are respectively arranged on two sides of the evaporation chamber, fresh air flowing in from the fresh air door and return air flowing in from the return air door are mixed on two sides of the evaporation chamber, mixed air flows into the evaporator for cooling and dehumidifying after being filtered by a mixed air filter screen, cooled and dehumidified air is sent into air supply channels on two sides of the compression condensation chamber by the blower and finally sent into a carriage by a carriage body air supply channel, and the evaporation module and the compression condensation module adopt a modularized design; the compressor adopts a vertical compressor, air supply is in a horizontal air supply mode, the condenser adopts a U-shaped condenser, the U-shaped condenser is surrounded on the outer side of the condensing fan, the condenser and the compressor are both in a modularized structure, the evaporators adopt U-shaped evaporators, the number of the U-shaped evaporators is two, the U-shaped evaporators are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the evaporating fan, the U-shaped evaporators and the condensed water ponding disc are respectively designed into a modularized structure, and the evaporating chamber is arranged between the two compression condensing chambers;
The air blower adopts a centrifugal fan which is opposite to the air blower.
2. The integrated air conditioning unit for a rail transit vehicle as recited in claim 1, wherein a condensate water tray is provided below the evaporator, and a drain pipe of the condensate water tray is connected to a condensate air inlet side of the compression condensing chamber.
3. The integrated air conditioning unit for a rail transit vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the fresh air door and the return air door are both provided with a barrier.
4. The air duct integrated embedded air conditioning unit for rail transit vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the compressor is provided with a high pressure sensor and a low pressure sensor.
5. The integrated air conditioning unit for a rail transit vehicle of claim 1, wherein the evaporation chamber has a two-layer structure.
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CN201811339096.9A CN109334694B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Air duct integrated embedded air conditioning unit for rail transit vehicle |
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CN201811339096.9A CN109334694B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Air duct integrated embedded air conditioning unit for rail transit vehicle |
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CN109334694B true CN109334694B (en) | 2024-05-07 |
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CN111829117B (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2024-07-09 | 克诺尔轨道车辆系统企业管理(北京)有限公司 | Rail transit vehicle air conditioning unit based on humidity storage heat exchanger |
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CN1816459A (en) * | 2003-05-05 | 2006-08-09 | 开利公司 | Configuration for modular rooftop air conditioning system |
KR20150125364A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-09 | 한온시스템 주식회사 | Air conditioner for bus |
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