CN109309108B - Display panel and display device - Google Patents
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- CN109309108B CN109309108B CN201710617952.1A CN201710617952A CN109309108B CN 109309108 B CN109309108 B CN 109309108B CN 201710617952 A CN201710617952 A CN 201710617952A CN 109309108 B CN109309108 B CN 109309108B
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- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/50—OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a display panel and a display device, wherein the display panel comprises: a substrate including a plurality of opening regions arranged in an array, and a non-opening region surrounding the opening regions, a pixel defining layer formed in the non-opening region of the substrate; the anti-reflection layer is formed on one side, away from the substrate, of the pixel limiting layer, the vertical projection of the anti-reflection layer on the substrate is located in the vertical projection of the pixel limiting layer on the substrate, and the anti-reflection layer is an optical waveguide device, so that external environment light incident to the anti-reflection layer is trapped in the anti-reflection layer. Compared with the existing display panel, the display panel provided by the embodiment of the invention has better black effect in the closed state and higher contrast.
Description
Technical Field
Embodiments of the present invention relate to display technologies, and in particular, to a display panel and a display device.
Background
Organic Light Emitting Display (OLED) has become one of the key directions for the development of Display industry due to its technical advantages of no need of backlight, high contrast, thin thickness, wide viewing angle, high response speed, good bending resistance, etc.
The conventional organic light emitting display panel usually reduces the reflection of the display panel to the external environment light only by means of a circular polarizer, so that the display panel can show black in an off state, and the display panel has higher contrast.
However, the reflective effect of the display panel to the external ambient light is reduced only by using the circular polarizer, which is not ideal in technical effect and cannot meet the requirements of the user on the effect of the off-state complete black of the display panel and the high contrast ratio.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a display panel and a display device, which aim to improve the effect of the display panel in a closed state, and enable the display panel to have higher contrast.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display panel, including:
a substrate including a plurality of open areas arranged in an array, and a non-open area surrounding the open areas,
a pixel defining layer formed in the non-opening region of the substrate;
and the anti-reflection layer is formed on one side of the pixel limiting layer, which faces away from the substrate, the vertical projection of the anti-reflection layer on the substrate is positioned in the vertical projection of the pixel limiting layer on the substrate, and the anti-reflection layer is an optical waveguide device.
Further, the antireflection layer comprises a first part formed on one side, facing away from the substrate, of the pixel defining layer and a second part located on the side, facing away from the pixel defining layer, of the first part, wherein the refractive index of the first part is smaller than that of the second part;
the first part comprises a plurality of first barrier bodies which are arranged periodically, the bottom surfaces of the first barrier bodies are close to the pixel defining layer, and the cross sections of the first barrier bodies, which are parallel to the substrate, are gradually increased along the direction which is vertically directed to the substrate; the second part is arranged at a gap between the adjacent first barrier bodies so that the first part and the second part are seamlessly embedded.
Further, the display panel includes a first direction and a second direction parallel to the display panel, the first direction and the second direction intersecting;
the first blocking bodies are arranged along the second direction and extend along the first direction, and the section of each first blocking body, which is perpendicular to the first direction, is triangular or trapezoidal.
Further, the first barrier bodies are arranged in an array of M rows and N columns, the first barrier bodies are in a pyramid shape or a frustum pyramid shape, and M and N are positive integers greater than 1.
Further, the first barrier is in the shape of a triangular pyramid or a quadrangular pyramid.
Further, the ratio of the height of the first barrier to the width of the bottom surface of the first barrier is greater than or equal to 5: 1.
Further, the opening area of the substrate is provided with a first electrode layer and a light-emitting layer formed on one side, away from the substrate, of the first electrode layer;
the display panel further comprises a second electrode layer, the second electrode layer is arranged on one side of the light-emitting layer, which is far away from the first electrode layer, and the second electrode layer covers the light-emitting layer and the pixel defining layer;
the antireflection layer is positioned on one side of the second electrode layer, which is far away from the substrate.
Further, the light coupling layer is arranged between the anti-reflection layer and the second electrode layer.
Further, the display device further comprises a thin film packaging layer, wherein the thin film packaging layer is located between the anti-reflection layer and the second electrode layer.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device, where the display device includes any one of the display panels provided in the embodiments of the present invention.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the anti-reflection layer is arranged on the side, away from the substrate, of the pixel limiting layer, the vertical projection of the anti-reflection layer on the substrate is positioned in the vertical projection of the pixel limiting layer on the substrate, and the anti-reflection layer is an optical waveguide device, so that the external environment light incident to the anti-reflection layer is trapped in the anti-reflection layer, the problem that the reflection effect of the display panel on the external environment light is reduced only by adopting a circular polarizer in the conventional display panel is solved, the technical effect is not ideal, the requirements of a user on the black effect of the display panel in a closed state and high contrast ratio cannot be met, the black effect of the display panel in the closed state is improved, and the display panel has the effect of high contrast ratio.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A1-A2 in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the antireflective layer of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a first portion of the anti-reflective layer of FIG. 3
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a first portion of another anti-reflective layer provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the first barrier of FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A1-A2 in FIG. 1. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the display panel includes: a substrate 10 including a plurality of opening regions 11 arranged in an array, and a non-opening region 12 surrounding the opening regions 11, a pixel defining layer 13 formed in the non-opening region 12 of the substrate 10; an anti-reflection layer 14 formed on a side of the pixel defining layer 13 facing away from the substrate 10, a vertical projection of the anti-reflection layer 14 on the substrate 10 being located within a vertical projection of the pixel defining layer 13 on the substrate 10, the anti-reflection layer 14 being an optical waveguide device.
An optical waveguide device is a light guide device that transmits light waves while being confined in a specific medium or in the vicinity of the surface thereof. The specific structure of the anti-reflection layer 14 is various, and a schematic structure of an anti-reflection layer is exemplarily shown in fig. 3 and 4. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the anti-reflection layer of fig. 3. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a first portion of the anti-reflective layer of FIG. 3. Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, the anti-reflection layer 14 includes a first portion 141 formed on a side of the pixel defining layer 13 facing away from the substrate 10 and a second portion 142 located on the first portion 141 facing away from the pixel defining layer 13, the refractive index of the first portion 141 being smaller than the refractive index of the second portion 142; the first portion 141 includes a plurality of first barriers 1411 arranged periodically, bottom surfaces 1412 of the first barriers 1411 are close to the pixel defining layer 13, and cross sections of the first barriers 1411 parallel to the substrate 10 are gradually increased along a direction perpendicular to the substrate 10; the second portion 142 is disposed in a gap between adjacent first barriers 1411, so that the first portion 141 and the second portion 142 are seamlessly fitted.
With continued reference to fig. 4, after the external light I enters the second portion 142 of the anti-reflection layer 14, since the refractive index of the first portion 141 is smaller than that of the second portion 142, the light is totally reflected at the interface between the first portion 141 and the second portion 142, so that the light is limited to propagate inside the second portion 142 and near the interface between the first portion 141 and the second portion 142. Since the cross section of the first barrier 1411 parallel to the substrate 10 is gradually increased along the direction perpendicular to the substrate 10, the light has a tendency of undergoing infinite total reflection at the interface between the first portion 141 and the second portion 142, and the light is further constrained in the second portion 142 and cannot exit from the anti-reflection layer 14, that is, the external ambient light I incident on the anti-reflection layer 14 is trapped in the anti-reflection layer 14, in other words, the anti-reflection layer 14 can absorb the external ambient light I incident thereon.
According to the technical scheme, the anti-reflection layer is arranged on the side, away from the substrate, of the pixel limiting layer, the vertical projection of the anti-reflection layer on the substrate is located in the vertical projection of the pixel limiting layer on the substrate, and the anti-reflection layer is an optical waveguide device, so that external environment light incident to the anti-reflection layer is trapped in the anti-reflection layer, and the phenomenon that the external environment light is reflected by the pixel limiting layer 13 and received by human eyes after being incident to the pixel limiting layer 13 is avoided. Therefore, when the display panel is in the closed state, the light-emitting unit in the display panel does not emit light, the external environment light I incident to the anti-reflection layer 14 is absorbed by the anti-reflection layer 14, and human eyes cannot perceive the external environment light I, so that the purpose that the display panel has a good all-black effect in the closed state is achieved.
The opening area 11 of the display panel is a display area of the display panel, and the non-opening area 12 of the display panel is a non-display area of the display panel. In the actual working process of the display panel, most of the light rays formed by the opening area 11 of the display panel are emitted from the display side of the display panel to display images, and a small part of the light rays are refracted and reflected by a part of the film layers in the display panel to form stray light. When a user watches the display panel, if the human eyes receive too much stray light, the user's perception of the display image is affected. In the above technical solution, the anti-reflection layer 14 can absorb stray light incident thereon, so as to improve the display effect of the display panel.
Contrast ratio is an important parameter for measuring the display effect of a display panel. Contrast ratio specifically refers to the ratio of the brightest (white) to darkest (black) brightness of the same point in the display area when the display panel displays an image. Higher contrast means that the color of the image presented by the display panel is more brilliant. In the existing display panel, after stray light or external ambient light is reflected or refracted by a plurality of film layers in the display panel, part of the light enters the opening area 11 of the display panel, and exits from the opening area 11 of the display panel after being reflected by part of the film layers in the opening area 11 and enters human eyes, so that the brightness value of the display panel is higher when the display panel is darkest (black), and the contrast of the display panel is low. In the above technical solution, since the anti-reflection layer 14 can absorb stray light and ambient light incident thereon, the contrast of the display panel can be improved.
To sum up, the embodiment of the invention arranges the anti-reflection layer on the side of the pixel limiting layer departing from the substrate, the vertical projection of the anti-reflection layer on the substrate is positioned in the vertical projection of the pixel limiting layer on the substrate, and the anti-reflection layer is an optical waveguide device, so that the external environment light incident to the anti-reflection layer is trapped in the anti-reflection layer, thereby solving the problems that the reflection effect of the display panel on the external environment light is reduced only by adopting a circular polarizer in the existing display panel, the technical effect is not ideal, and the requirements of users on the black effect of the display panel in the closed state and the high contrast ratio can not be met, realizing the effect of improving the black effect of the display panel in the closed state, and enabling the display panel to have the effect of higher contrast.
With continued reference to fig. 4 and 5, the display panel includes a first direction (i.e., the X-axis direction in fig. 5) and a second direction (i.e., the Y-axis direction in fig. 5) parallel to the display panel, the first direction (i.e., the X-axis direction in fig. 5) and intersecting the second direction (i.e., the Y-axis direction in fig. 5); the first barriers 1411 are arranged in the second direction (i.e., the Y-axis direction in fig. 5), extend in the first direction (i.e., the X-axis direction in fig. 5), and have a triangular or trapezoidal cross section perpendicular to the first direction (i.e., the X-axis direction in fig. 5) of the first barriers 1411. In fig. 5, a cross section of the first barrier 1411 perpendicular to the first direction (i.e., the X-axis direction in fig. 5) is triangular.
The structure of an antireflection layer is schematically shown in fig. 4 and 5. This is only one specific example of the invention and is not meant to be a limitation of the invention. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a first portion of another anti-reflection layer according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 6, the first barriers 1411 are arranged in an array of M rows and N columns, and the first barriers 1411 are pyramid-shaped or frustum-shaped, where M and N are positive integers greater than 1. Optionally, the first barrier 1411 is shaped as a triangular pyramid or a quadrangular pyramid. As illustrated in fig. 6, the first barrier 1411 is shaped as a quadrangular pyramid.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the first barrier in fig. 6. Referring to fig. 7, the bottom surface CDEF of the first barrier 1411 is parallel to the plane of the substrate 10, the vertical distance between the vertex O of the first barrier 1411 and the bottom surface CDEF is the height of the first barrier 1411, and the length CD of the bottom surface CDEF of the first barrier 1411 parallel to the second direction (i.e., the Y-axis direction in fig. 7) is the width of the bottom surface of the first barrier 1411. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the greater the ratio of the height of the first barrier 1411 to the width of the bottom surface of the first barrier 1411, the better the anti-reflection layer 14 absorbs stray light incident thereon and ambient light, and thus, optionally, the ratio of the height of the first barrier 1411 to the width of the bottom surface of the first barrier 1411 is greater than or equal to 5: 1. However, the greater the ratio of the height of the first barrier 1411 to the width of the bottom surface of the first barrier 1411, the greater the complexity of the fabrication process of the anti-reflective layer 14.
With continued reference to fig. 3, the opening area 11 of the substrate 10 of the display panel is provided with a first electrode layer 111, and a light emitting layer 112 formed on a side of the first electrode layer 111 facing away from the substrate 10; the display panel further comprises a second electrode layer 113, the second electrode layer 113 is disposed on a side of the light-emitting layer 112 away from the first electrode layer 111, and the second electrode layer 113 covers the light-emitting layer 112 and the pixel defining layer 13; the antireflection layer 14 is located on a side of the second electrode layer 113 facing away from the substrate 10.
When actually provided, the first electrode layer 111 may function as an anode, and the second electrode layer 113 may function as a cathode; alternatively, the first electrode layer 111 may serve as a cathode, and the second electrode layer 113 may serve as an anode.
Considering that silver is currently used as the material of the second electrode layer 113, since silver has good light reflection characteristics, by disposing the anti-reflection layer 14 on the side of the second electrode layer 113 away from the substrate 10, the possibility that external ambient light forms reflected light at the second electrode layer 113 can be reduced.
The operation principle of the display panel will be described below by taking the first electrode layer 111 as an anode and the second electrode layer 113 as a cathode as examples. When the display panel works, a bias voltage is applied between the anode and the cathode of the display panel, holes and electrons break through an interface energy barrier and migrate from the anode and the cathode to the light-emitting layer respectively, the electrons and the holes are recombined on the light-emitting layer to generate excitons, the excitons are unstable, energy is released, and the energy is transferred to molecules of the organic light-emitting substance in the light-emitting layer to enable the molecules to jump from a ground state to an excited state. The excited state is unstable, and excited molecules return to the ground state from the excited state, and radiation transitions to produce a light emission phenomenon.
Further, the display panel may further include a first auxiliary functional layer and a second auxiliary functional layer to improve injection capability of carriers (including electrons and holes), luminance of the organic light emitting display panel, and efficiency. The first auxiliary functional layer is located between the first electrode layer 111 and the light emitting layer 112, may be a hole type auxiliary functional layer, and may have a multilayer structure including, for example, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and an electron blocking layer. The second auxiliary functional layer is located between the second electrode layer 113 and the light emitting layer 112, may be an electron-type auxiliary functional layer, and may have a multilayer structure including, for example, an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, and a hole blocking layer. The first auxiliary function layer, the light emitting layer and the second auxiliary function layer of the display panel can be formed in an evaporation mode.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. In contrast to the above embodiments, the display panel provided in fig. 8 further includes a light coupling layer. Referring to fig. 8, the photo coupling layer 16 is located between the anti-reflection layer 14 and the second electrode layer 113.
It is considered that if the display panel does not include the optical coupling layer 16, the process of the light entering the air from the second electrode layer 113 is substantially the process of the light entering the optically thinner medium from the optically denser medium, and the light is easily reflected at the interface between the second electrode layer 113 and the air, so that the transmittance of the light is low. The essence that sets up light coupling layer 16 among this application technical scheme is that, changes the refracting index of the face that display panel light-emitting side and air contacted to restrain the reflection of light, and then improve the luminousness of light.
In addition, the light coupling layer 16 is disposed between the anti-reflection layer 14 and the second electrode layer 113, so that ambient light incident on the light coupling layer 16 is prevented from being received by human eyes after being reflected by the light coupling layer 16, and stray light in the display panel is absorbed, so as to improve the effect of complete black of the display panel in the off state, and enable the display panel to have higher contrast.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. In contrast to the above embodiments, the display panel provided in fig. 9 further includes a thin film encapsulation layer. Referring to fig. 9, the thin film encapsulation layer 17 is positioned between the anti-reflection layer 14 and the second electrode layer 113. The thin film encapsulation layer 17 functions to block water and oxygen in the air from entering the display panel, and thus, the service life of the display panel is prolonged. Further, the thin film encapsulation layer 17 is located between the antireflection layer 14 and the second electrode layer 113 by disposing. The external environment light incident to the film packaging layer 17 can be prevented from being received by human eyes after being reflected by the film packaging layer 17, and stray light in the display panel is absorbed, so that the effect of the display panel in a closed state is improved, and the display panel has higher contrast.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a display device. Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 10, the display device 101 includes any one of the display panels 201 provided in the embodiments of the present invention. The display device can be a mobile phone, a notebook computer, an intelligent wearable device, an information inquiry machine of a public hall and the like.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the anti-reflection layer is arranged on the side, away from the substrate, of the pixel limiting layer, the vertical projection of the anti-reflection layer on the substrate is positioned in the vertical projection of the pixel limiting layer on the substrate, and the anti-reflection layer is an optical waveguide device, so that the external environment light incident to the anti-reflection layer is trapped in the anti-reflection layer, the problem that the reflection effect of the display panel on the external environment light is reduced only by adopting a circular polarizer in the conventional display panel is solved, the technical effect is not ideal, the requirements of a user on the closed state full-black effect and high contrast of the display panel cannot be met, the effect of improving the full-black state of the display panel in the closed state is realized, and the display panel has the effect of.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements, combinations and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A display panel, comprising:
a substrate including a plurality of open areas arranged in an array, and a non-open area surrounding the open areas,
a pixel defining layer formed in the non-opening region of the substrate;
an anti-reflection layer formed on one side of the pixel limiting layer, which faces away from the substrate, wherein the vertical projection of the anti-reflection layer on the substrate is positioned in the vertical projection of the pixel limiting layer on the substrate, and the anti-reflection layer is an optical waveguide device;
the antireflection layer comprises a first part and a second part, wherein the first part is formed on one side, facing away from the substrate, of the pixel limiting layer, the second part is located on the side, facing away from the pixel limiting layer, of the first part, and the refractive index of the first part is smaller than that of the second part;
the first part comprises a plurality of first barrier bodies which are arranged periodically, the bottom surfaces of the first barrier bodies are close to the pixel defining layer, and the cross sections of the first barrier bodies, which are parallel to the substrate, are gradually increased along the direction which is vertically directed to the substrate; the second part is arranged at a gap between the adjacent first barrier bodies so that the first part and the second part are seamlessly embedded.
2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the display panel comprises a first direction and a second direction parallel to the display panel, the first direction and the second direction intersecting;
the first blocking bodies are arranged along the second direction and extend along the first direction, and the section of each first blocking body, which is perpendicular to the first direction, is triangular or trapezoidal.
3. The display panel according to claim 1,
the first barrier bodies are arranged in an array of M rows and N columns, the first barrier bodies are in a pyramid shape or a frustum pyramid shape, and M and N are positive integers larger than 1.
4. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein the first barrier has a triangular pyramid shape or a quadrangular pyramid shape.
5. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein a ratio of a height of the first barrier to a width of a bottom surface of the first barrier is greater than or equal to 5: 1.
6. The display panel according to claim 1,
the opening area of the substrate is provided with a first electrode layer and a light-emitting layer formed on one side, away from the substrate, of the first electrode layer;
the display panel further comprises a second electrode layer, the second electrode layer is arranged on one side of the light-emitting layer, which is far away from the first electrode layer, and the second electrode layer covers the light-emitting layer and the pixel defining layer;
the antireflection layer is positioned on one side of the second electrode layer, which is far away from the substrate.
7. The display panel of claim 6, further comprising a light coupling layer between the anti-reflection layer and the second electrode layer.
8. The display panel of claim 7, further comprising a thin film encapsulation layer between the anti-reflection layer and the second electrode layer.
9. A display device comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN110071151B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2022-01-25 | 昆山工研院新型平板显示技术中心有限公司 | Flexible display panel and flexible display device |
| CN110085639A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-02 | 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | The preparation method and display device of luminescent panel, luminescent panel |
| CN110323353B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2021-09-28 | 昆山工研院新型平板显示技术中心有限公司 | OLED display panel and display device |
| CN110429111B (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2022-07-05 | 昆山工研院新型平板显示技术中心有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| CN111029373A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-04-17 | 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Display panel and preparation method thereof |
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| US6307528B1 (en) * | 1997-12-08 | 2001-10-23 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Contrast organic light-emitting display |
| CN104078489B (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2017-02-15 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Organic light emitting diode display panel and device |
| CN106848095A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-13 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Organic electroluminescent display panel, preparation method thereof and electronic equipment |
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