CN109280167B - Composite aspartic acid polymer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite aspartic acid polymer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1C UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 claims description 47
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000001987 Pyrus communis Species 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 59
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 9
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- -1 aspartic acid compound Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000002374 bone meal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229940036811 bone meal Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000805 Polyaspartic acid Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 108010064470 polyaspartate Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 5
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001510 aspartic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013569 fruit product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1092—Polysuccinimides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
- C09K17/18—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a composite aspartic acid polymer, which comprises the following steps: mixing lactic acid and triethylene glycol, carrying out prepolymerization reaction, removing water, adding terephthalic acid, carrying out melt polycondensation, cooling, and dissolving chloroform to obtain a prefabricated material; stirring polysuccinimide and sodium hydroxide, adjusting the pH value of a system to 4.5-5, adding a prefabricated material, uniformly mixing, adding ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether for reaction, precipitating with methanol, purifying, and drying in vacuum to obtain the composite aspartic acid polymer. The invention also discloses a soil conditioner for crisp pear planting, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of wormcast, 10-20 parts of urea, 15-30 parts of fishbone powder, 5-15 parts of plant ash, 10-15 parts of medical stone powder, 10-15 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 5-15 parts of sodium silicate, 5-15 parts of ammonium molybdate, 4-5 parts of borax and 2-4 parts of the obtained composite aspartic acid polymer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a composite aspartic acid polymer, a preparation method and application thereof, and a soil conditioner for planting crisp pears and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Crisp pears are originally produced in Dangshan of Anhui province, are the oldest local pear varieties, and are popular with consumers at home and abroad due to the characteristics of smooth surface, large and full size, juicy crisp, rich nutrition, no public hazard and the like. Crisp pears are rich in sugar, mineral substances, organic acids and various vitamins, are extremely rich in nutrition, are rare good fruit products, can be processed into pear wine, pear paste, pear sugar, cans and the like besides fresh foods, and are important raw materials in the food industry. Along with the rapid development of various fruit trees, the varieties of fruits in the market are increasingly rich, the competitiveness of Dangshan crisp pears in the fruit market is reduced due to extensive management of the Dangshan crisp pears, the selling price is gradually reduced, the production investment is greatly reduced, the vicious circle is formed, and the production economic benefit is seriously influenced.
Researches show that the soil condition is an important factor influencing the quality of crisp pears. The soil texture is the basic attribute of soil, the soil texture and the soil labor are closely related, the soil structure is the important foundation of the soil fertility, and the good soil structure can preserve water and fertilizer, coordinate the supply of water and fertilizer and is beneficial to alternate growth of root systems in the soil layer. The quality of the existing soil conditioner is uneven, although the high-molecular soil conditioner has good water and fertilizer retention effects, the high-molecular soil conditioner has poor heat resistance, is easy to decompose and has poor soil conditioning effects, while the inorganic soil conditioner is not easy to decompose and has good soil conditioning effects, but has poor water and fertilizer retention effects, and meanwhile, the soil conditioner of Dangshan crisp pears is practical and often depends on the traditional experience, lacks scientificity and pertinence, and is difficult to meet the requirement of stable yield and stable quality of the crisp pears.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a composite aspartic acid polymer, a preparation method and application thereof, and a soil conditioner for planting crisp pears and a preparation method thereof, wherein the obtained composite aspartic acid polymer not only can be biodegraded without polluting the environment, but also has excellent water absorption performance and high thermodynamic stability, and prolongs the water retention time, so that the composite aspartic acid polymer is suitable for being used as a soil conditioner to be applied to agricultural and forestry production activities; the obtained soil conditioner can maintain and improve the fertilizer and water retention capacity of soil, is beneficial to improving the quality of crisp pear fruits, can directly improve the soil and is convenient for subsequent planting.
The invention provides a preparation method of a composite aspartic acid polymer, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing lactic acid and triethylene glycol, carrying out prepolymerization reaction, removing water, adding terephthalic acid, carrying out melt polycondensation, cooling, and dissolving chloroform to obtain a prefabricated material;
s2, stirring polysuccinimide and sodium hydroxide, adjusting the pH value of the system to 4.5-5, adding the preformed material, mixing uniformly, adding ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether for reaction, precipitating with methanol, purifying, and drying in vacuum to obtain the composite aspartic acid polymer.
Preferably, in S1, the prepolymerization time is 2-4h, the prepolymerization temperature is 135-145 ℃, and the prepolymerization pressure is 3-5 kPa.
Preferably, in S1, the melt polycondensation time is 4-10h, the polycondensation temperature is 160-170 ℃, and the polycondensation pressure is 65-75 Pa.
Preferably, in S1, the weight ratio of lactic acid, triethylene glycol and terephthalic acid is 1-4: 10-20: 0.1-0.2.
Preferably, in S2, the polysuccinimide and the sodium hydroxide solution are stirred for 10-20min at the stirring temperature of 30-40 ℃.
Preferably, in S2, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether is added for reaction for 1-2h at 50-59 ℃.
Preferably, in S2, the weight ratio of polysuccinimide, sodium hydroxide solution, preform and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether is 10-20: 50-80: 15-25: 1 to 1.6, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.8 to 2.2 mol/L.
The composite aspartic acid polymer provided by the invention is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the composite aspartic acid polymer.
The invention provides an application of the composite aspartic acid polymer as a soil conditioner.
In the S1, lactic acid and triethylene glycol are prepolymerized and directly polycondensed under the action of terephthalic acid to obtain the prefabricated material, on one hand, the lactic acid is extremely high in dissolution degree in the triethylene glycol, the prepolymerization effect of the lactic acid and the triethylene glycol is good, no solvent is used in the reaction process, no pollution is caused to the environment, on the other hand, the obtained prefabricated material can be biodegraded, carbon dioxide and water are finally generated, the environment is not polluted, and due to the addition of the terephthalic acid, a large amount of phenyl is introduced into the prefabricated material as a hard chain segment, and meanwhile, the heat resistance is excellent; in S2, polysuccinimide forms polyaspartic acid under the action of sodium hydroxide, epoxy groups of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether generate protons under the catalysis of phosphoric acid, carbon-oxygen bonds are broken, preformed materials are dispersed in the epoxy groups and then react with carboxyl groups of the polyaspartic acid to form double-network hydrogel, the water absorption performance is very excellent, meanwhile, the polyaspartic acid contains a large number of soft segments, and the preformed materials contain a large number of hard segments, so the stability of the network structure of the preformed materials can limit the movement of the network structure of the polyaspartic acid, networks obtained after the preformed materials and the polyaspartic acid are respectively crosslinked are continuously interpenetrated, on one hand, the two structures keep the independence of the structures, on the other hand, the interpenetration of the two network structures mutually restricts the movement of the network structures, and the crack expansion cannot be formed, so that the polyaspartic acid has higher thermal stability and improves the, the water retention time is prolonged, so that the soil conditioner is suitable for being applied to agricultural and forestry production activities.
The invention provides a soil conditioner for crisp pear planting, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of wormcast, 10-20 parts of urea, 15-30 parts of fishbone powder, 5-15 parts of plant ash, 10-15 parts of medical stone powder, 10-15 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 5-15 parts of sodium silicate, 5-15 parts of ammonium molybdate, 4-5 parts of borax and 2-4 parts of the composite aspartic acid polymer.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner for planting the crisp pears, which is provided by the invention, comprises the following steps: heating urea, fishbone powder and plant ash to a molten state to obtain a mixed material; mixing wormcast, medical stone powder, bamboo charcoal powder, sodium silicate, ammonium molybdate and borax, adding water, stirring, adding the mixture under stirring, uniformly mixing, adding the composite aspartic acid polymer, uniformly mixing, extruding into granules, and drying to obtain the soil conditioner for planting crisp pears.
Preferably, the urea, the fish bone meal and the plant ash are heated to a molten state, and the heating temperature is 110-120 ℃.
Preferably, water is added to the water content of 40-60 wt%, stirring is carried out for 5-10min at a stirring speed of 250-400rpm,
after the soil conditioner obtained by the invention is applied to soil, the obtained composite aspartic acid polymer can enhance the adsorption capacity of the soil to elements required by crisp pears and the retention performance of the soil to fertilizers, and has good spreadability due to the mutual repulsion among anions generated by the ionization of internal molecules, so that the composite aspartic acid polymer is favorable for forming flocculation, has high gel strength, can adsorb soil particles by matching with earthworm cast, medical stone powder, bamboo charcoal powder and borax to form soil aggregates, and effectively improves the soil structure.
Aiming at the sandy land used for planting the crisp pear trees, the invention can maintain and improve the fertilizer and water retention capacity of the soil, so that the crisp pear trees can continuously obtain nutrients and water from the soil, which is beneficial to improving the quality of crisp pear fruits, and can directly improve the soil and facilitate the subsequent planting.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a composite aspartic acid polymer comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 1kg of lactic acid and 20kg of triethylene glycol, carrying out prepolymerization reaction for 2 hours at a prepolymerization temperature of 145 ℃ and a prepolymerization pressure of 3kPa, carrying out water removal treatment, adding 0.2kg of terephthalic acid, carrying out melt polycondensation for 4 hours at a polycondensation temperature of 170 ℃ and a polycondensation pressure of 65Pa, cooling, and dissolving chloroform to obtain a prefabricated material;
s2, stirring 20kg of polysuccinimide and 50kg of sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2.2mol/L for 10min at the stirring temperature of 40 ℃, adjusting the pH value of a system to be 4.5-5 by using phosphoric acid solution with the concentration of 75 wt%, adding 25kg of preformed material, uniformly mixing, adding 1kg of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, reacting for 2h at the reaction temperature of 50 ℃, precipitating with methanol, purifying, and drying in vacuum to obtain the composite aspartic acid polymer.
A soil conditioner for planting crisp pears comprises the following raw materials: 80kg of wormcast, 10kg of urea, 30kg of fish bone meal, 5kg of plant ash, 15kg of medical stone powder, 10kg of bamboo charcoal powder, 15kg of sodium silicate, 5kg of ammonium molybdate, 5kg of borax and 2kg of the obtained composite aspartic acid polymer.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner for planting crisp pears comprises the following steps: heating urea, fishbone powder and plant ash to a molten state at 120 ℃ to obtain a mixed material; mixing wormcast, medical stone powder, bamboo charcoal powder, sodium silicate, ammonium molybdate and borax, adding water until the water content is 40 wt%, stirring for 10min at the stirring speed of 250rpm, adding the mixture into the mixture under the stirring state, uniformly mixing, adding the obtained composite aspartic acid polymer, uniformly mixing, extruding into granules, and drying to obtain the soil conditioner for planting crisp pears.
Example 2
A preparation method of a composite aspartic acid polymer comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 4kg of lactic acid and 10kg of triethylene glycol, carrying out prepolymerization reaction for 4 hours at a prepolymerization temperature of 135 ℃ and a prepolymerization pressure of 5kPa, carrying out water removal treatment, adding 0.1kg of terephthalic acid, carrying out melt polycondensation for 10 hours at a polycondensation temperature of 160 ℃ and a polycondensation pressure of 75Pa, cooling, and dissolving chloroform to obtain a prefabricated material;
s2, stirring 10kg of polysuccinimide and 80kg of sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 1.8mol/L for 20min at the stirring temperature of 30 ℃, adjusting the pH value of the system to 4.5-5 by using phosphoric acid solution with the concentration of 85 wt%, adding 15kg of preformed material, uniformly mixing, adding 1.6kg of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, reacting for 1h at the reaction temperature of 59 ℃, precipitating with methanol, purifying, and drying in vacuum to obtain the composite aspartic acid polymer.
A soil conditioner for planting crisp pears comprises the following raw materials: 60kg of wormcast, 20kg of urea, 15kg of fish bone meal, 15kg of plant ash, 10kg of medical stone powder, 15kg of bamboo charcoal powder, 5kg of sodium silicate, 15kg of ammonium molybdate, 4kg of borax and 4kg of the obtained composite aspartic acid polymer.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner for planting crisp pears comprises the following steps: heating urea, fishbone powder and plant ash to a molten state at the heating temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain a mixed material; mixing wormcast, medical stone powder, bamboo charcoal powder, sodium silicate, ammonium molybdate and borax, adding water until the water content is 60 wt%, stirring for 5min at the stirring speed of 400rpm, adding the mixture into the mixture under the stirring state, uniformly mixing, adding the obtained composite aspartic acid polymer, uniformly mixing, extruding into granules, and drying to obtain the soil conditioner for planting crisp pears.
Example 3
A preparation method of a composite aspartic acid polymer comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 2kg of lactic acid and 18kg of triethylene glycol, carrying out prepolymerization reaction for 2.5 hours at a prepolymerization temperature of 142 ℃ and a prepolymerization pressure of 3.5kPa, carrying out water removal treatment, adding 0.18kg of terephthalic acid, carrying out melt polycondensation for 6 hours at a polycondensation temperature of 166 ℃ and a polycondensation pressure of 68Pa, cooling, and dissolving chloroform to obtain a prefabricated material;
s2, stirring 18kg of polysuccinimide and 60kg of sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2.1mol/L for 12min at the stirring temperature of 37 ℃, adjusting the pH value of the system to 4.5-5 by using phosphoric acid solution with the concentration of 78 wt%, adding 22kg of preformed material, uniformly mixing, adding 1.2kg of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, reacting for 1.7h at the reaction temperature of 52 ℃, precipitating with methanol, purifying, and drying in vacuum to obtain the composite aspartic acid polymer.
A soil conditioner for planting crisp pears comprises the following raw materials: 75kg of wormcast, 13kg of urea, 25kg of fish bone meal, 8kg of plant ash, 14kg of medical stone powder, 11kg of bamboo charcoal powder, 12kg of sodium silicate, 7kg of ammonium molybdate, 4.6kg of borax and 2.5kg of the obtained composite aspartic acid polymer.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner for planting crisp pears comprises the following steps: heating urea, fishbone powder and plant ash to a molten state at 118 ℃ to obtain a mixed material; mixing wormcast, medical stone powder, bamboo charcoal powder, sodium silicate, ammonium molybdate and borax, adding water until the water content is 45 wt%, stirring for 8min at the speed of 300rpm, adding the mixture into the mixture under the stirring state, uniformly mixing, adding the obtained composite aspartic acid polymer, uniformly mixing, extruding into granules, and drying to obtain the soil conditioner for planting crisp pears.
Example 4
A preparation method of a composite aspartic acid polymer comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 3kg of lactic acid and 12kg of triethylene glycol, carrying out prepolymerization reaction for 3.5 hours at a prepolymerization temperature of 138 ℃ and a prepolymerization pressure of 4.5kPa, carrying out water removal treatment, adding 0.12kg of terephthalic acid, carrying out melt polycondensation for 8 hours at a polycondensation temperature of 164 ℃ and a polycondensation pressure of 72Pa, cooling, and dissolving chloroform to obtain a prefabricated material;
s2, stirring 12kg of polysuccinimide and 70kg of sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 1.9mol/L for 18min at the stirring temperature of 33 ℃, adjusting the pH value of the system to 4.5-5 by using 82 wt% phosphoric acid solution, adding 18kg of prefabricated material, uniformly mixing, adding 1.4kg of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, reacting for 1.3h at the reaction temperature of 58 ℃, precipitating with methanol, purifying, and drying in vacuum to obtain the composite aspartic acid polymer.
A soil conditioner for planting crisp pears comprises the following raw materials: 65kg of wormcast, 17kg of urea, 20kg of fish bone meal, 12kg of plant ash, 12kg of medical stone powder, 13kg of bamboo charcoal powder, 8kg of sodium silicate, 13kg of ammonium molybdate, 4.4kg of borax and 3.5kg of the obtained composite aspartic acid polymer.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner for planting crisp pears comprises the following steps: heating urea, fishbone powder and plant ash to a molten state at 112 ℃ to obtain a mixed material; mixing wormcast, medical stone powder, bamboo charcoal powder, sodium silicate, ammonium molybdate and borax, adding water until the water content is 55 wt%, stirring for 6min at the stirring speed of 350rpm, adding the mixture into the mixture under the stirring state, uniformly mixing, adding the obtained composite aspartic acid polymer, uniformly mixing, extruding into granules, and drying to obtain the soil conditioner for planting crisp pears.
Example 5
A preparation method of a composite aspartic acid polymer comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 2.5kg of lactic acid and 15kg of triethylene glycol, carrying out prepolymerization reaction for 3 hours at a prepolymerization temperature of 140 ℃ and a prepolymerization pressure of 4kPa, carrying out water removal treatment, adding 0.15kg of terephthalic acid, carrying out melt polycondensation for 7 hours at a polycondensation temperature of 165 ℃ and a polycondensation pressure of 70Pa, cooling, and dissolving chloroform to obtain a prefabricated material;
s2, stirring 15kg of polysuccinimide and 65kg of sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2mol/L for 15min at the stirring temperature of 35 ℃, adjusting the pH value of the system to 4.5-5 by using phosphoric acid solution with the concentration of 80 wt%, adding 20kg of prefabricated material, uniformly mixing, adding 1.3kg of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, reacting for 1.5h at the reaction temperature of 55 ℃, precipitating with methanol, purifying, and drying in vacuum to obtain the composite aspartic acid polymer.
A soil conditioner for planting crisp pears comprises the following raw materials: 70kg of wormcast, 15kg of urea, 22kg of fish bone meal, 10kg of plant ash, 13kg of medical stone powder, 12kg of bamboo charcoal powder, 10kg of sodium silicate, 10kg of ammonium molybdate, 4.5kg of borax and 3kg of the obtained composite aspartic acid polymer.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner for planting crisp pears comprises the following steps: heating urea, fishbone powder and plant ash to a molten state at 115 ℃ to obtain a mixed material; mixing wormcast, medical stone powder, bamboo charcoal powder, sodium silicate, ammonium molybdate and borax, adding water until the water content is 45-55 wt%, stirring for 7min at the stirring speed of 330rpm, adding the mixture into the mixture under the stirring state, uniformly mixing, adding the obtained composite aspartic acid polymer, uniformly mixing, extruding into granules, and drying to obtain the soil conditioner for planting crisp pears.
Comparative example 1
A method for preparing an aspartic acid complex, comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing 2.5kg of lactic acid and 15kg of triethylene glycol, carrying out prepolymerization reaction for 3 hours at a prepolymerization temperature of 140 ℃ and a prepolymerization pressure of 4kPa, carrying out water removal treatment, cooling, and dissolving chloroform to obtain a prefabricated material;
s2, stirring 15kg of polysuccinimide and 65kg of sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2mol/L for 15min at the stirring temperature of 35 ℃, adjusting the pH value of the system to 4.5-5 by using phosphoric acid solution with the concentration of 80 wt%, adding 20kg of prefabricated material, uniformly mixing, adding 1.3kg of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, reacting for 1.5h at the reaction temperature of 55 ℃, precipitating with methanol, purifying, and drying in vacuum to obtain the aspartic acid compound.
A soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials: 70kg of wormcast, 15kg of urea, 22kg of fish bone meal, 10kg of plant ash, 13kg of medical stone powder, 12kg of bamboo charcoal powder, 10kg of sodium silicate, 10kg of ammonium molybdate, 4.5kg of borax and 3kg of the obtained aspartic acid compound.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps: heating urea, fishbone powder and plant ash to a molten state at 115 ℃ to obtain a mixed material; mixing wormcast, medical stone powder, bamboo charcoal powder, sodium silicate, ammonium molybdate and borax, adding water until the water content is 45-55 wt%, stirring for 7min at the stirring speed of 330rpm, adding the mixture into the mixture under the stirring state, uniformly mixing, adding the obtained aspartic acid compound, uniformly mixing, extruding into granules, and drying to obtain the soil conditioner.
Comparative example 2
A method for preparing an aspartic acid complex, comprising the steps of: stirring 15kg of polysuccinimide and 65kg of sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2mol/L for 15min, wherein the stirring temperature is 35 ℃, adjusting the pH value of the system to be 4.5-5 by using phosphoric acid solution with the concentration of 80 wt%, adding 20kg of polylactic acid, uniformly mixing, adding 1.3kg of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, reacting for 1.5h at the reaction temperature of 55 ℃, precipitating with methanol, purifying, and drying in vacuum to obtain the aspartic acid compound.
A soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials: 70kg of wormcast, 15kg of urea, 22kg of fish bone meal, 10kg of plant ash, 13kg of medical stone powder, 12kg of bamboo charcoal powder, 10kg of sodium silicate, 10kg of ammonium molybdate, 4.5kg of borax and 3kg of the obtained aspartic acid compound.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps: heating urea, fishbone powder and plant ash to a molten state at 115 ℃ to obtain a mixed material; mixing wormcast, medical stone powder, bamboo charcoal powder, sodium silicate, ammonium molybdate and borax, adding water until the water content is 45-55 wt%, stirring for 7min at the stirring speed of 330rpm, adding the mixture into the mixture under the stirring state, uniformly mixing, adding the obtained aspartic acid compound, uniformly mixing, extruding into granules, and drying to obtain the soil conditioner.
Comparative example 3
A method for preparing an aspartic acid complex, comprising the steps of: stirring 15kg of polysuccinimide and 65kg of sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2mol/L for 15min at the stirring temperature of 35 ℃, adjusting the pH value of the system to be 4.5-5 by using phosphoric acid solution with the concentration of 80 wt%, adding 20kg of polylactic acid, reacting for 1.5h at the reaction temperature of 55 ℃, precipitating with methanol, purifying, and drying in vacuum to obtain the aspartic acid compound.
A soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials: 70kg of wormcast, 15kg of urea, 22kg of fish bone meal, 10kg of plant ash, 13kg of medical stone powder, 12kg of bamboo charcoal powder, 10kg of sodium silicate, 10kg of ammonium molybdate, 4.5kg of borax and 3kg of the obtained aspartic acid compound.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps: heating urea, fishbone powder and plant ash to a molten state at 115 ℃ to obtain a mixed material; mixing wormcast, medical stone powder, bamboo charcoal powder, sodium silicate, ammonium molybdate and borax, adding water until the water content is 45-55 wt%, stirring for 7min at the stirring speed of 330rpm, adding the mixture into the mixture under the stirring state, uniformly mixing, adding the obtained aspartic acid compound, uniformly mixing, extruding into granules, and drying to obtain the soil conditioner.
Examples of the experiments
I. Comparative experiments were carried out on the composite aspartic acid polymer obtained in example 5 and the aspartic acid composites obtained in comparative examples 1 to 3, as follows:
1. water absorption Performance test:
and (3) measuring the water absorption performance for 1 hour and the water absorption performance for 24 hours of each group of samples to be measured by adopting a tea bag method. The test method is as follows: at normal temperature, placing each group of sample powder to be detected in a tea bag, then soaking the tea bag in deionized water until corresponding time, taking out, drying and weighing the tea bag, and calculating the water absorption rate (WA) according to the following formula:
wherein, WtMass of hydrogel after water absorption, g; w0Is the mass of the sample powder to be tested, g.
The water absorption performance results are as follows:
from the above table, it can be seen that: the composite aspartic acid polymer obtained by the invention has excellent water absorption performance, and water molecules are fixed by a polylactic acid compound network formed by the prefabricated material in S1 and a polyaspartic acid network formed in S2, so that the water absorption performance is greatly improved.
2. Water absorption rate experiment in fertilizer solution:
putting each group of samples to be detected into 200-mesh nylon mesh bags respectively, then placing the nylon mesh bags into compound fertilizer aqueous solution with the concentration of 1 wt% until the nylon mesh bags are saturated in water absorption, then lifting the nylon mesh bags, suspending and filtering the nylon mesh bags, and calculating the water absorption rate (Q) of the nylon mesh bags in the fertilizer solution according to the following formula:
wherein m is2Mass of hydrogel after water absorption, g; m is1Is the mass of the sample powder to be tested, g.
As the crisp pear trees usually have higher demand for nitrogen and potassium elements, the main components of the selected compound fertilizer are ammonium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate, and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 20: 10: 20.
the water absorption rate results in the fertilizer solution were as follows:
| water absorption rate | |
| Example 5 | 91 |
| Comparative example 1 | 84 |
| Comparative example 2 | 78 |
| Comparative example 3 | 70 |
From the above table, it can be seen that: because the invention has a double network structure and moderate crosslinking density, the water absorption rate of the invention in the fertilizer solution is slowly reduced, so that the invention is suitable for being used in agriculture and forestry production.
3. Fertilizer retention performance experiment:
the method comprises the steps of padding a layer of 200-mesh non-woven fabric at the lower end of an organic glass tube with the diameter of 3.5cm and the height of 60cm, covering the organic glass tube with a layer of steel wire mesh, laying a ceramic filter layer at the bottom of the organic glass tube to prevent soil particles from losing, and then placing the sand soil for planting the crisp pear trees in the organic glass tube. The organic glass tube is fixed in the center of the collector of the soil forest solution, and the bottom of the organic glass tube is not contacted with the collector. Taking 200g of uppermost layer soil in the organic glass tube, uniformly mixing the uppermost layer soil with the compound fertilizer and 1g of each group of samples to be detected, wherein the dosage of the compound fertilizer is 0.25g/kg of dry soil, then absorbing water to a saturated state, and then putting the mixture back into the organic glass tube. And then, watering by using a watering can, spraying water each time, collecting the leaching solution below each soil column body, and measuring the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the leaching solution. The results are as follows:
| n content, mg/L | P content, mg/L | K content, mg/L | |
| Example 5 | 4.73 | 2.89 | 5.48 |
| Comparative example 1 | 5.10 | 3.06 | 5.87 |
| Comparative example 2 | 5.59 | 3.33 | 6.31 |
| Comparative example 3 | 5.99 | 3.90 | 6.96 |
| Blank control | 13.89 | 6.96 | 16.95 |
From the above table, it can be seen that: the invention has better adsorption capacity to the nutrients in the cationic state, and the unique three-dimensional network structure also has certain adsorption capacity to the nutrients in the anionic state, so that the invention can effectively maintain the nutrients in the soil.
4. Thermal stability experiments:
the maximum thermal weight loss data of the hydrogel powder formed by each group of samples to be tested under different heating rates is measured by adopting a thermogravimetric instrument, and the specific data is as follows (wherein TonseIs the initial degradation temperature of the hydrogel, TmaxMaximum temperature of hydrogel loss by heat):
from the above table, it can be seen that: the composite aspartic acid polymer obtained by the invention has excellent thermal stability.
5. Soil aggregation experiment:
mixing each group of hydrogel to-be-detected samples with the mass fraction of 0.5 wt% with 0.1g of the compound fertilizer and 200g of the sandy soil for planting crisp pear trees respectively, and mixing 0.1g of the compound fertilizer and 200g of the sandy soil for planting crisp pear trees in a blank control, wherein the sandy soil for planting crisp pear trees is dried in air and then sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, the soil is placed into the same container respectively, 100g of steam house water is added, the container is placed into a constant temperature cabinet for evaporation, and the soil is dried in air to determine the content of soil aggregates after the process, and the results are as follows:
from the above table, it can be seen that: the composite aspartic acid polymer improves the texture and the structure of soil, can obviously increase the number of soil aggregates, has good extension property due to the mutual repulsion between anions generated by ionization of internal molecules, is favorable for flocculation formation, has higher gel strength, can adsorb soil particles to form the soil aggregates, and increases the number of the aggregates in the soil.
In conclusion, the composite aspartic acid polymer obtained by the invention has excellent water and fertilizer retention performance and high thermodynamic stability, can improve the texture and structure of soil, can obviously increase the number of soil aggregates, and is suitable for being used as a soil conditioner to be applied to agricultural and forestry production activities.
II. A comparative experiment was performed on the soil conditioner for crisp pear planting obtained in example 5, the soil conditioners obtained in comparative examples 1 to 3, and an existing soil conditioner, wherein the existing soil conditioner was selected from the soil conditioner obtained in patent application No. 201810184659.5 (applied to Shihe university, application date is 03 and 06 days in 2018, 07 and 27 days in 2018, and publication No. CN 108329923A), and the concrete conditions were as follows:
6. soil improvement experiment:
the soil improvement experiment is carried out on the sand soil of the yellow river old canal in the Dangshan area, each group of soil conditioner is applied to the later period of the dormancy period of the Dangshan crisp pears, the using amount of the soil conditioner is 25 kg/mu, and the soil is analyzed after 3 months:
6.1 soil aggregate content as follows:
6.2 soil volume weight, porosity and organic matter content are as follows:
| volume weight of soil, g/cm3 | Porosity, is% | Organic matter content, g/kg | |
| Example 5 | 1.32 | 49.1 | 31.95 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.35 | 48.8 | 31.84 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1.38 | 48.1 | 31.64 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1.41 | 47.7 | 31.41 |
| Existing soil conditioner | 1.36 | 48.4 | 31.76 |
| Blank control | 1.48 | 45.1 | 24.34 |
6.3 the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil are as follows:
| content of alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, mg/kg | Effective phosphorus content, mg/kg | Quick-acting potassium content, mg/kg | |
| Example 5 | 58.8 | 18.8 | 84.0 |
| Comparative example 1 | 57.4 | 17.9 | 82.7 |
| Comparative example 2 | 56.1 | 16.7 | 80.8 |
| Comparative example 3 | 55.3 | 15.6 | 78.6 |
| Existing soil conditioner | 56.7 | 17.3 | 81.4 |
| Blank control | 47.3 | 11.5 | 72.8 |
From the above three tables, it can be seen that: according to the invention, the composite aspartic acid polymer is matched with the wormcast, the medical stone powder, the bamboo charcoal powder and the borax, so that soil particles can be adsorbed, soil aggregates are formed, the volume weight of soil is reduced, meanwhile, the porosity of the soil is improved, the air permeability, the water retention and the storage of organic matters of the soil are improved, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil are effectively improved; the invention can improve the content of organic matters, phosphorus and potassium in the soil, inhibit the loss of nitrogen in the soil, improve the nutrient content of the soil, effectively enhance the fertility of the soil and improve the agricultural ecological environment.
7. And (3) field planting experiment:
selecting crisp pear trees in yellow river old riverway sand in Dangshan area for testing, wherein the tree age of the crisp pear trees is 20 years, and the plant spacing and the row spacing are 3m multiplied by 5 m; applying each group of soil conditioner to the later period of the dormancy period of the Dangshan pear, wherein the using amount of the soil conditioner is 25 kg/mu, subsequently performing field management according to a conventional planting means, applying the fertilizer once in the young fruit period and the expansion period, and starting picking up the Dangshan pear after 9 months.
7.1 the fruits obtained were analysed and the data for each group were as follows:
from the above table, it can be seen that: the Dangshan crisp pear planted by the soil conditioner obtained by the invention meets the special standard in NY/T1191-2006 Dangshan crisp pear, and is superior to the prior art.
7.2 sensory evaluation of crisp pears:
sensory evaluation criteria were as follows:
the applicant invites 10 professionals in the Dangshan pear field to form a sensory evaluation group, and comprehensively scores 3 aspects of the color, the taste and the shape of the product, wherein the scoring results are shown in the following table:
from the above two tables, it can be seen that: the soil conditioner obtained by the invention can maintain and improve the fertilizer and water retention capacity of soil aiming at sandy soil used for planting crisp pear trees, so that the crisp pear trees can continuously obtain nutrients and water from the soil, the yield and quality of crisp pear fruits are improved, and the requirement of stable yield and quality of crisp pears is met.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A preparation method of a composite aspartic acid polymer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mixing lactic acid and triethylene glycol, carrying out prepolymerization reaction, removing water, adding terephthalic acid, carrying out melt polycondensation, cooling, and dissolving chloroform to obtain a prefabricated material;
s2, stirring polysuccinimide and sodium hydroxide, adjusting the pH value of the system to 4.5-5, adding the preformed material, mixing uniformly, adding ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether for reaction, precipitating with methanol, purifying, and drying in vacuum to obtain the composite aspartic acid polymer.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the prepolymerization time in S1 is 2-4h, the prepolymerization temperature is 135-145 ℃, and the prepolymerization pressure is 3-5 kPa.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the melt polycondensation time in S1 is 4-10h, the polycondensation temperature is 160-170 ℃, and the polycondensation pressure is 65-75 Pa.
4. The method for preparing the composite aspartic acid polymer according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the weight ratio of lactic acid, triethylene glycol and terephthalic acid is 1-4: 10-20: 0.1-0.2.
5. The method for preparing the composite aspartic acid polymer according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the polysuccinimide and the sodium hydroxide solution are stirred for 10-20min at a temperature of 30-40 ℃.
6. The method for preparing the composite aspartic acid polymer according to claim 1, wherein in S2, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether is added for reaction for 1-2h at 50-59 ℃.
7. The method for preparing the composite aspartic acid polymer according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the weight ratio of the polysuccinimide to the sodium hydroxide solution to the preformed material to the ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether is 10-20: 50-80: 15-25: 1 to 1.6, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.8 to 2.2 mol/L.
8. A composite aspartic acid polymer, which is prepared by the method for preparing the composite aspartic acid polymer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Use of the composite aspartic acid polymer of claim 8 as a soil conditioner.
10. The soil conditioner for planting crisp pears is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of wormcast, 10-20 parts of urea, 15-30 parts of fishbone powder, 5-15 parts of plant ash, 10-15 parts of medical stone powder, 10-15 parts of bamboo charcoal powder, 5-15 parts of sodium silicate, 5-15 parts of ammonium molybdate, 4-5 parts of borax and 2-4 parts of the composite aspartic acid polymer as claimed in claim 8.
11. A method for preparing a soil conditioner for crisp pear planting according to claim 10, which comprises the following steps: heating urea, fishbone powder and plant ash to a molten state to obtain a mixed material; mixing wormcast, medical stone powder, bamboo charcoal powder, sodium silicate, ammonium molybdate and borax, adding water, stirring, adding the mixture under stirring, uniformly mixing, adding the composite aspartic acid polymer according to claim 8, uniformly mixing, extruding into granules, and drying to obtain the soil conditioner for planting crisp pears.
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| 聚琥珀酰亚胺的水解动力学过程;王永丽等;《应用化工》;20050831;第34卷(第8期);517-518页 * |
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