CN109265687A - A kind of preparation method of the Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element Download PDFInfo
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- CN109265687A CN109265687A CN201810937508.2A CN201810937508A CN109265687A CN 109265687 A CN109265687 A CN 109265687A CN 201810937508 A CN201810937508 A CN 201810937508A CN 109265687 A CN109265687 A CN 109265687A
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- polycarbosilane
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- acetylacetonate
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- 229920003257 polycarbosilane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 polydimethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RYSXWUYLAWPLES-MTOQALJVSA-N (Z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one titanium Chemical compound [Ti].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O RYSXWUYLAWPLES-MTOQALJVSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SHWZFQPXYGHRKT-FDGPNNRMSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O SHWZFQPXYGHRKT-FDGPNNRMSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- YOBOXHGSEJBUPB-MTOQALJVSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O YOBOXHGSEJBUPB-MTOQALJVSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XBIUWALDKXACEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[bis(2,4-dioxopentan-3-yl)alumanyl]pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)C(C(C)=O)[Al](C(C(C)=O)C(C)=O)C(C(C)=O)C(C)=O XBIUWALDKXACEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FJDJVBXSSLDNJB-LNTINUHCSA-N cobalt;(z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one Chemical compound [Co].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O FJDJVBXSSLDNJB-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LZKLAOYSENRNKR-LNTINUHCSA-N iron;(z)-4-oxoniumylidenepent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Fe].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O LZKLAOYSENRNKR-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims 1
- CTQWDCWBMZKTLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [SiH4].[C].[Si] Chemical compound [SiH4].[C].[Si] CTQWDCWBMZKTLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003279 ceramming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 102100034078 Phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 10
- 101710135643 Phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 10
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- KILURZWTCGSYRE-LNTINUHCSA-K (z)-4-bis[[(z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-yl]oxy]alumanyloxypent-3-en-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)\C=C(\C)O[Al](O\C(C)=C/C(C)=O)O\C(C)=C/C(C)=O KILURZWTCGSYRE-LNTINUHCSA-K 0.000 description 4
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102100034077 Phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101710135658 Phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 102100034013 Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101001133924 Homo sapiens Gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTVPWGHMBHYUAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[CH]1C=CC=C1 Chemical compound [Fe].[CH]1C=CC=C1 OTVPWGHMBHYUAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAZIQHIOHBJAQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [SiH4].[C].[Zr] Chemical compound [SiH4].[C].[Zr] AAZIQHIOHBJAQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012700 ceramic precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- SZKXDURZBIICCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound [Co].CC(=O)CC(C)=O SZKXDURZBIICCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001387 inorganic aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IZGCXMLPGPBWJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound [La].CC(=O)CC(C)=O IZGCXMLPGPBWJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- BMGNSKKZFQMGDH-FDGPNNRMSA-L nickel(2+);(z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Ni+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O BMGNSKKZFQMGDH-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GYUPBLLGIHQRGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-2,4-dione;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CC(=O)CC(C)=O GYUPBLLGIHQRGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/38—Polysiloxanes modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G77/382—Polysiloxanes modified by chemical after-treatment containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen or silicon
- C08G77/398—Polysiloxanes modified by chemical after-treatment containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen or silicon containing boron or metal atoms
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element.This method is using the poly- silicon-carbon silane of liquid low-molecular and the halide containing heterogeneous element or organic complex as raw material, raw material is placed in high-temperature high-voltage reaction device, under alkali metal silicoaluminate catalysts conditions, sealed after being vacuumized, then heat to 350-450 DEG C of confined reaction, it is cooled to room temperature after reaction, releases gas in reaction system, obtain the crude product of the Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element.This method can be shortened the reaction time, improve preparation efficiency, and the precursor branching prepared and cyclic structure are less, and Si-H content is higher, is conducive to oxygen content and structure control in the raising and ceramming process of precursor spinnability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to silicon carbide precursor preparation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of preparation of the silane of carbon containing heterogeneous element
Method.
Background technique
Continuous carbofrax fibre enhances carborundum based material (SiCf/ SiC) have density is small, high temperature resistant, it is corrosion-resistant,
The features such as high-intensitive, is widely used in the neck such as heat-resistant part, high temperature air filtration and heat exchanger of aerospace engine
Domain, simultaneously because it has the characteristics that resistance to neutron irradiation ability, high-temperature oxidation resistant, it is considered to be accident error-tolerance type core combustion of new generation
Expect one of the candidate of cladding materials.
It is precursor for SiC fiber since the Yajima et al. of northeastern Japan university has been started with Polycarbosilane (PCS)
The beginning, organic precursor method conversion method be increasingly becoming prepares SiC fiber and ceramics important method.It is to be with organic polymer
Precursor makes its molding using its fusible soluble characteristic, then is allowed to be changed into the side of inorganic ceramic material through high-temperature heat treatment
Method.
PCS is one of SiC fiber and the important precursor of ceramics.PCS is as SiC fiber precursor in use, usually needing
Air curing is carried out to it, so that final fiber contains excessive oxygen, form SiC in conjunction with carbon, element siliconxOyPhase,
1400 DEG C or more can decompose, and fibre property is caused to decline rapidly.PCS as ceramic precursor in use, at 1400 DEG C or more,
β-SiC crystallite dimension can grow up rapidly, cause interfacial stress between crystal grain to increase, cause SiC ceramic mechanical properties decrease.?
Heterogeneous element, including aluminium, titanium, zirconium, iron, yttrium, lanthanum etc. are introduced in PCS, what is had can increase densification together in high-temperature sintering process
When inhibit crystal grain to grow up rapidly so that the resistance to very-high performance of final products improves, what is had can assign electromagnetism and absorbing property, increase most
Finished product functional attributes.
By taking polyaluminocarbosilane (PACS) as an example, preparing Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element at present mainly has following methods:
(1) solid-state polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or Polycarbosilane (PCS) are reacted with aluminum contained compound.Japanese Ishikawa
Et al. (Nature, 1998,391:773-775) using solid-state PCS and aluminium acetylacetonate (Al (AcAc)3) 300 DEG C under normal pressure
It reacts and generates PACS;Chen Jiang small stream et al. (Chen Jiangxi, Xiamen University's doctoral thesis, 2007) is using solid-state PDMS in confined reaction
PACS is prepared in kettle;It using PCS and anaerobic mono-functional compounds is raw material first in 130-145 in CN201410675365.4
It is reacted at DEG C, then heats to 380-450 DEG C of heat preservation and obtain PACS in 1-5 hours.
(2) the poly- silicon-carbon silane (PSCS) of liquid or Polycarbosilane (LPCS) and Al (AcAc)3It reacts under normal pressure.
With liquid Polycarbosilane (LPCS) and Al (AcAc) in CN200910111053.X3For raw material, reacted at 300-420 DEG C
PACS is prepared, and the PACS molecular weight obtained in this way is relatively low, softening point is relatively low, is not suitable as fiber precursor
It uses.To improve PACS molecular weight, it usually needs be added cracking column, cracking temperature be generally 500 DEG C or more (Zhao great Fang etc.,
University of Science & Technology, Beijing's journal, 2007,29:130-134).
In the above-mentioned various methods for preparing PACS, with solid-state PDMS, PCS or the PSCS and aluminum contained compound of higher molecular weight
When reaction, often there is a problem of that solid material conduction inequality, reaction are difficult to control;It reacts under normal pressure state, is closed containing calorize
Object is volatile, causes aluminium content in precursor not easy to control;It is anti-with aluminum contained compound under normal pressure with the LPCS of liquid or PSCS
At once, often the reaction time is very long (when 40h or more, especially a large amount of preparations), and due to the use of superelevation cracking temperature, leads to elder generation
Branching and cyclic structure in body is driven to increase, it is unfavorable to spinning.
When preparation is containing other heterogeneous element polycarbosilane precusors, there is also the problems similar with PACS.
Summary of the invention
The problem of technical purpose of the invention is for above-mentioned preparation Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element, provides one kind
The preparation method of the Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element, this method preparation efficiency is high, and the structure of Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element obtained is excellent
It is good.
To realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element
Preparation method, it is characterized in that: using poly- silicon-carbon silane and the halide containing heterogeneous element or organic complex as raw material, the poly- silicon
Carbon silane is low molecule product of the polydimethylsiloxane after Pintsch process, and room temperature is in a liquid state, and molecular weight is less than 1000g/mol;
Raw material is placed in high-temperature high-voltage reaction device, it, will under the conditions of existing for the alkali metal silicoaluminate catalyst
High-temperature high-voltage reaction device sealed after being vacuumized, is then warming up to 350-450 DEG C of confined reaction for reaction unit;After reaction
It is cooled to room temperature, releases gas in reaction system, obtain the crude product of the Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element.
Preferably, then being vacuumized with nitrogen or inert gas replacement 2 times or more, the closed reaction unit.
Preferably, being dissolved organic solvent is added in the crude product of the obtained Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element, so
After filter, by filtration product 200 DEG C -350 DEG C vacuum distillation after be cooled to room temperature, obtain Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element.Institute
It is unlimited to state organic solvent, including one or more of benzene,toluene,xylene, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, n-hexane equal solvent.Institute
It states in vacuum distillation process, vacuum state is preferably that pressure is less than 20Pa.
Heretofore described heterogeneous element is the element in addition to carbon, silicon, hydrogen, oxygen, including but not limited to aluminium, iron, zirconium,
One or more of elements such as titanium, cobalt, nickel, niobium, yttrium, lanthanum.
The organic complex containing heterogeneous element includes but is not limited to aluminium acetylacetonate, aluminium-alcohol salt, ferric acetyl acetonade, cyclopentadienyl
Iron, acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione zirconium, titanium acetylacetone, acetylacetone cobalt, nickel acetylacetonate, acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione niobium, acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione yttrium, acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione
One or more of lanthanum etc..
In the present invention, the composite alkali aluminum silicon compound has cavernous structure and high temperature resistant property, at 600 DEG C with flowering structure
It does not change.Wherein, the size in hole is preferably smaller than 1 μm.
In the present invention, the halide or organic complex containing heterogeneous element is referred to as compound containing heterogeneous element, makees
To be preferred, which accounts for the 0.1%-10% of poly- silicon-carbon silane quality, further preferably
2%-8%.
Preferably, the additive amount of the composite alkali aluminum silicon compound accounts for the 1%-10% of poly- silicon-carbon silane quality.
Preferably, high-temperature high-voltage reaction device is evacuated to pressure less than 5Pa.
Preferably, reaction unit is warming up to 400-450 DEG C.
Preferably, confined reaction 3h-20h, more preferably 5h-15h.
Compared with prior art, the present invention with the poly- silicon-carbon silane of low molecule liquid and the halide containing heterogeneous element or has
Machine complex compound is raw material, under the conditions of existing for the alkali metal silicoaluminate catalyst, using high temperature high pressure device, after vacuumizing
Closed, heating reacts, and pressure increases in device in reaction process, can reach 5Mpa-15MPa, has the following beneficial effects:
(1) using the low molecular weight polycaprolactone silicon-carbon silane of liquid as raw material, the problem that can effectively avoid solid material heat transfer uneven has
Conducive to the quality of control reaction process and promotion final products;
(2) method for using high temperature and pressure, is used cooperatively a certain amount of alkali metal silicoaluminate catalyst, can shorten
Reaction time improves preparation efficiency;
(3) it is warming up to 350-450 DEG C, avoids the use of superhigh temperature, the molecule of Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element can be optimized
Structure, the branchign of molecule of Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element and cyclic structure obtained are less, are conducive to the raising of its spinnability;This
Outside, the distillation for also avoiding the compound containing heterogeneous element is more advantageous to heterogeneous element in control Polycarbosilane containing heterogeneous element and contains
Amount.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the FTIR spectrogram of PACS-1 obtained in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is PACS-1 obtained in the embodiment of the present invention 129SiNMR spectrogram.
Fig. 3 is PACS-1 obtained in the embodiment of the present invention 127AlNMR spectrogram.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, present invention is further described in detail, it should be pointed out that embodiment described below purport
It is being convenient for the understanding of the present invention, and is not playing any restriction effect to it.
Embodiment 1:
Polydimethylsiloxane obtains poly- silicon-carbon silane after Pintsch process, and molecular weight is less than 1000g/mol, and room temperature is in liquid
State.The poly- silicon-carbon silane of 1000g liquid, 30g aluminium acetylacetonate, 20g alkali metal silicoaluminate are added to high temperature high pressure device
It is interior, vacuum state, sealing device are evacuated to afterwards three times with high pure nitrogen displacement kettle;Then, heating is opened, with certain heating rate liter
Temperature stops after reacting 8h to 410 DEG C.When being down to room temperature state, reactant polyaluminocarbosilane crude product PACS-1 is taken out, to
It surveys.
Fig. 1 is the FTIR spectrogram of PACS-1.This spectrogram is similar with the FTIR spectrogram of common Polycarbosilane.In scheming
2100cm-1Place represents the intensity and 1250cm at the peak Si-H-1Place represents Si-CH3The ratio of the intensity at peak as Si-H relative amount,
The ratio is 0.79.
Fig. 2 is PACS-129SiNMR spectrogram.SiC in figure4Peak and SiC3The area ratio at the peak H is 1.56, can be certain
The degree of branching of molecular structure is represented in degree.
Fig. 3 is PACS-127AlNMR spectrogram.AlO in figure6、AlO5、AlO4The appearance of various ligands illustrates that Al element combines
Into precursor molecule, precursor is polyaluminocarbosilane.
In addition, the weight average molecular weight through GPC method measurement PACS-1 is 3210g/mol, molecular weight distribution index 3.1;Through
The softening point that melting point apparatus measures PACS-1 is 135 DEG C.
Comparative example 1:
The present embodiment is the comparative example of above-described embodiment 1.
In this comparative example, using the poly- silicon-carbon silane of liquid, the liquid in the poly- silicon-carbon silane of the liquid and embodiment 1 is poly-
Silicon-carbon silane is identical, is that polydimethylsiloxane obtains after Pintsch process, and molecular weight is less than 1000g/mol, and room temperature is in a liquid state.
The poly- silicon-carbon silane of 1000g liquid, 30g aluminium acetylacetonate are added to high-temperature pressure reaction unit, the high temperature is normal
Pressure device both includes reaction kettle, also includes Pintsch process column.With high pure nitrogen displacement kettle three times after under nitrogen protection, under normal pressure
Unlatching is warming up to 410 DEG C, while also opening cracking column and being warming up to 500 DEG C, stops after reacting 20h.Polyaluminocarbosilane is obtained slightly to produce
Product PACS-2.
The partial test result of the PACS-2 is as follows:
Si-H relative amount is 0.71 in FTIR spectrogram;29SiC in SiNMR spectrogram4Peak and SiC3The area ratio at the peak H is
2.48;It is 3120g/mol, molecular weight distribution index 30. through GPC method measurement weight average molecular weight;Softening point is measured through melting point apparatus
It is 145 DEG C.
PACS-1 is compared with PACS-2 it is found that not needing high temperature compared with high temperature and high pressure method preparation PACS when high-temperature pressure method
Column is cracked, the time is shorter, and preparation efficiency greatly improves;There is lower degree of branching and higher Si-H phase with molecular configurational
To content, be conducive to the raising and the structure control of subsequent ceramic of precursor spinnability.
Embodiment 2:
The poly- silicon-carbon of liquid in the present embodiment, using the poly- silicon-carbon silane of liquid, in the poly- silicon-carbon silane of the liquid and embodiment 1
Silane is identical, is that polydimethylsiloxane obtains after Pintsch process, and molecular weight is less than 1000g/mol, and room temperature is in a liquid state.
The poly- silicon-carbon silane of 1000g liquid, 40g ferric acetyl acetonade, 20g alkali metal silicoaluminate are added to high temperature and pressure
In device, vacuum state, sealing device are evacuated to afterwards three times with high pure nitrogen displacement kettle.Then, heating is opened, with the speed that centainly heats up
Rate is warming up to 420 DEG C, stops after reacting 6h.Room temperature to be down to is taken out, and Polyferrocarbosilane crude product PFCS is obtained.
The partial test result of the PFCS is as follows: Si-H relative amount is 0.73 in FTIR spectrogram;GPC measures Weight-average molecular
Amount is 3310g/mol, molecular weight distribution index 3.2;It is 156 DEG C that melting point apparatus, which measures softening point,.
Embodiment 3:
The poly- silicon-carbon of liquid in the present embodiment, using the poly- silicon-carbon silane of liquid, in the poly- silicon-carbon silane of the liquid and embodiment 1
Silane is identical, is that polydimethylsiloxane obtains after Pintsch process, and molecular weight is less than 1000g/mol, and room temperature is in a liquid state.
The poly- silicon-carbon silane of 1000g liquid, 45g acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione zirconium, 25g alkali metal silicoaluminate are added to high temperature and pressure
In device, vacuum state, sealing device are evacuated to afterwards three times with high pure nitrogen displacement kettle.Then, heating is opened, with the speed that centainly heats up
Rate is warming up to 425 DEG C, stops after reacting 10h.Room temperature to be down to is taken out, and poly- zirconium carbon silane crude product PZCS is obtained.
The partial test result of the PZCS is as follows: Si-H relative amount is 0.75 in FTIR spectrogram;GPC measures Weight-average molecular
Amount is 3415g/mol, molecular weight distribution index 3.15;It is 160 DEG C that melting point apparatus, which measures softening point,.
Embodiment 4:
The poly- silicon-carbon of liquid in the present embodiment, using the poly- silicon-carbon silane of liquid, in the poly- silicon-carbon silane of the liquid and embodiment 1
Silane is identical, is that polydimethylsiloxane obtains after Pintsch process, and molecular weight is less than 1000g/mol, and room temperature is in a liquid state.
The poly- silicon-carbon silane of 1000g liquid, 50g lanthanum acetylacetone, 15g alkali metal silicoaluminate are added to high temperature and pressure
In device, vacuum state, sealing device are evacuated to afterwards three times with high pure nitrogen displacement kettle.Then, heating is opened, with the speed that centainly heats up
Rate is warming up to 420 DEG C, stops after reacting 12h.Room temperature to be down to is taken out, and poly- lanthanum carbon silane PLCS is obtained.
The partial test result of the PLCS is as follows: Si-H relative amount is 0.72 in FTIR spectrogram;GPC measures Weight-average molecular
Amount is 3230g/mol, molecular weight distribution index 3.25;It is 148 DEG C that melting point apparatus, which measures softening point,.
Embodiment 5:
The poly- silicon-carbon of liquid in the present embodiment, using the poly- silicon-carbon silane of liquid, in the poly- silicon-carbon silane of the liquid and embodiment 1
Silane is identical, is that polydimethylsiloxane obtains after Pintsch process, and molecular weight is less than 1000g/mol, and room temperature is in a liquid state.
The poly- silicon-carbon silane of 1000g liquid, 45g acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione yttrium, 25g alkali metal silicoaluminate are added to high temperature and pressure
In device, vacuum state, sealing device are evacuated to afterwards three times with high pure nitrogen displacement kettle.Then, heating is opened, with the speed that centainly heats up
Rate is warming up to 430 DEG C, stops after reacting 6h.Room temperature to be down to is taken out, and poly- yttrium carbon silane crude product PYCS is obtained.
The partial test result of the PYCS is as follows: Si-H relative amount is 0.75 in FTIR spectrogram;GPC measures Weight-average molecular
Amount is 3310g/mol, molecular weight distribution index 3.4;It is 138 DEG C that melting point apparatus, which measures softening point,.
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail in embodiment described above, it should be understood that the above is only
For specific embodiments of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, all any modifications made in spirit of the invention,
Supplement or similar fashion substitution etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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