CN109209727A - The ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters - Google Patents
The ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters Download PDFInfo
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- CN109209727A CN109209727A CN201811258673.1A CN201811258673A CN109209727A CN 109209727 A CN109209727 A CN 109209727A CN 201811258673 A CN201811258673 A CN 201811258673A CN 109209727 A CN109209727 A CN 109209727A
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- grounding electrode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P23/00—Other ignition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters, belong to dynamic field, in order to solve the problems, such as to reduce working gas in the heat loss for moving upwards the stage, isolation ionization space forms as follows: the top of the lower anode in the lower part and part of lower anode and surrounding grounding electrode have flat hollow distance and form space, space corresponding to the lower part of one section of lower anode, its periphery installation insulation sleeve, insulation sleeve is located between the space and the space peripheral grounding electrode, and the corresponding space of insulation sleeve is insulating space.Increase the scheme of grounding electrode insulation set, reduces working gas in the heat loss for moving upwards the stage.Moreover, the active grain generated after electric discharge flows through grounding electrode insulation set, since it is nonconducting, so also having the function of protection activity particle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to dynamic fields, are related to a kind of ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters.
Background technique
Natural gas is used as engine fuel as a kind of clean energy resource extensively.In power train in vehicle application field, it is with CNG
The passenger car and load-carrying vehicle of fuel are increasing；In ship power field, CNG and LNG powered ship has become " made in China
Focus on research direction in 2025 " planning.Compared with gasoline, the natural gas as gaseous fuel needs bigger ignition energy,
This causes to be difficult with single spark ignitor natural gas the natural gas used for automobile engine of small cylinder diameter in actual use, because
This makes engine work by the way of having to ignite or be arranged using other fuel precombustion chamber.Which results in system complex,
A series of problems, such as cost raising, reliability decrease.Therefore, it is necessary to take novel ignition technology, using relatively simple knot
Structure realizes the efficient igniting and burning of natural gas, so that natural gas engine is stablized under single-fuel mode, reliable work
Make.
Existing engine spark plug configuration is as shown in Figure 1, using thermal equilibrium plasma discharge principle, one in structure
As be made of a central electrode and the one or several lateral electrodes being closer with it.It is electric centered on ignition coil when work
Pole power supply, voltage are up to ten thousand volts of 1.5-2.Under action of high voltage between contre electrode and lateral electrode, gas is breakdown, at center
High temperature discharge channel is formed in small space between electrode and lateral electrode, igniting and burning start.
Often with very high temperature rise when existing spark-discharge, it is low and influence electrode to easily lead to ignition energy utilization rate
Service life；Ignition range is only located at the small space between central electrode and lateral electrode, applied to large bore engine or is not easy a little
When fuel (such as natural gas) of combustion, igniting less reliable is easily led to since ignition energy is too small.
Summary of the invention
It is applied on the engine of large space burning room and natural gas to solve existing spark plug/ignitor technical solution
Ignition energy is small when applying on engine, igniting poor reliability, the problems such as ignition energy utilization rate is low, and the present invention proposes such as lower section
Case, a kind of ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters, igniting starting, power supply are powered by Anodic of lower voltage
Dielectric barrier discharge occurs to be dielectrically separated between upper grounding electrode and Anodic by anodized insulation set, it is empty in the first ionization
Between generate nonequilibrium plasma, the first ionization space is isolated with the second ionization space by insulating space, ionized gas to
Lower movement and to the second ionization space；Top electrode power-off, power supply, for lower anode supply, make lower anode and lower ground connection with higher voltage
Arc discharge occurs between electrode, igniting and combustion reaction occur rapidly for the gaseous mixture in the second ionization space；It is described every
Formed from ionization space as follows: the top of the lower anode in the lower part and part of lower anode and surrounding grounding electrode have horizontal blank
Heart distance simultaneously forms space, space corresponding to the lower part of one section of lower anode, and periphery installation insulation sleeve, insulation sleeve is located at the sky
Between between the space peripheral grounding electrode, the corresponding space of insulation sleeve is insulating space.
The utility model has the advantages that the present invention increases the scheme of grounding electrode insulation set, top electrode connects under when avoiding low pressure discharge
Electric discharge is formed between ground electrode, and can reduce working gas to a certain extent in the heat loss for moving upwards the stage.Moreover, putting
The active particle generated after electricity flows through grounding electrode insulation set, since it is nonconducting, so also having protection activity particle
Effect.The present invention uses dielectric barrier discharge-arc discharge combined discharge mode, can be by the dilute of nonequilibrium plasma
The limit is wide for combustion, reactivity is big and the advantages such as the operating air pressure height of thermal equilibrium plasma combine, and reaches wide
The purpose of high energy, stable ignition is realized within the scope of fuel air ratio.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 available engine spark plug typical structure diagram；
Fig. 2 igniter structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Anode construction schematic diagram under Fig. 3；
Grounding electrode structure schematic diagram on Fig. 4；
Grounding electrode structure schematic diagram under Fig. 5；
Fig. 6 locating flange structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 grounding electrode insulation nested structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 anodized insulation nested structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 Anodic structural diagrams are intended to；
Figure 10 fixing bolt structural diagrams are intended to；
Figure 11 igniter is applied to ignition control block diagram when internal combustion engine；
Figure 12 igniter is applied to ignition control block diagram when other engines and burner.
Wherein: 1. anodized insulation sets, 2. Anodics, 3. lower anodes, anode top under 3-1., 3-2. positioning table, under 3-3.
Anode lower part, 4. dielectric isolation layers, grounding electrode on 5., 6. first ionization spaces, 7. second ionization spaces, 8. locating slots, 9.
Outlet section, 10. positioning rings, 11. fixing bolts, 12. locating flanges, 13. insulating spaces, 14. lower grounding electrodes, 15. ground connection electricity
Pole insulation sleeve.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: to solve, existing spark plug/ignitor ignition energy when applying in large bore engine is small, lights a fire
The problems such as poor reliability, low ignition energy utilization rate, the following technical solutions are proposed: a kind of double discharge mode plasmas by the present invention
Igniter: program structure as shown in figs. 2-10, including one 3, one, Anodic 2, one lower anodes upper grounding electrodes 5, one
14, anodized insulations of a lower grounding electrode cover 1, grounding electrode insulation and cover 15, fixing bolts 11.The lower anode
For realizing arc discharge, it is located at igniter center, structure is divided into relatively narrow lower anode top 3-1 and wider lower sun
Pole lower part 3-3 constitutes anodized insulation and covers 1 positioning table 3-2 between lower anode top 3-1 and lower anode lower part 3-3；The anode is exhausted
Edge set 1 is mounted on the outside of lower anode, is covered 1 positioning table 3-2 by anodized insulation with the relative position of lower anode and is limited；The Shangyang
Pole 2 is installed in the mounting groove of anodized insulation set 1 for realizing dielectric barrier discharge；The lower anode is adopted with anodized insulation set 1
It is threadedly coupled, the fixation for the two；The fixing bolt 11 is located at anodized insulation and covers 1 top and upper 5 top of grounding electrode
The top of constituted plane, for limiting the two relative position；The upper grounding electrode 5 is located at 1 outside of anodized insulation set, under
End is connect with lower grounding electrode 14；Groove between the lower grounding electrode 14 and upper grounding electrode 5 is for installing the ground connection
Electrode insulation set 15；There is a locating flange 12 for being used to install the plasma igniter in 14 lower end of lower grounding electrode.According to
Actual needs, the locating flange 12 also can be set in upper grounding electrode 5.Between the upper grounding electrode 5 and anodized insulation set 1
Space constitute the first ionization space 6, for realizing dielectric barrier discharge；Between the grounding electrode insulation set 15 and lower anode
Space constitute insulating space 13, insulating space 13 is for being isolated two upper and lower ionization spaces, mainly by grounding electrode insulation
It covers 15 rings and connects and formed between grounding electrode hollow, lower anode and grounding electrode, above-mentioned set-up mode isolation can be completely cut off
Lower anode and grounding electrode, set-up mode no longer need to that grounding electrode insulation set 15 is used to be used as isolation, and if use
Grounding electrode insulation set 15 is used as isolation, needs to lengthen grounding electrode insulation sleeve 15, thus, the isolation side of the present embodiment
Formula is not necessarily to lengthen grounding electrode insulation sleeve 15, to allow the height of positioning table 3-2 is appropriate to reduce, positioning table 3-2 by
10% or so of lower anode height is occupied, drops to 5% or so, so as to empty in the height for shortening igniter to a certain degree
Between, it is a kind of structure optimization of compactedness to its inside, can also reducing its cost to a certain degree.Insulating space 13 is for preventing
Dielectric barrier discharge is constituted between lower grounding electrode 14 and anodized insulation set 1；Between the lower grounding electrode 14 and lower anode
Space constitutes the second ionization space 7, for realizing arc discharge.
Embodiment 2: a kind of double discharge mode plasma igniters, including shell, anodized insulation set 1, Anodic 2, under
Anode 3, lower anode 3 includes the integrally formed lower anode top 3-1 of sequence, positioning table 3-2 and lower anode lower part 3-3, described
The top of lower anode 3 is installed in anodized insulation set 1, and Anodic 2 is mounted in the anodized insulation set 1 of the periphery of lower anode 3,
Anodized insulation set 1 in lower anode 3 top and Anodic 2 between have dielectric isolation layer 4, anodized insulation set 1 periphery be on
Grounding electrode 5, which is characterized in that the top of the lower anode 3 in the lower part and part of lower anode 3 and surrounding grounding electrode have water
Heart distance and form space out of the void, space corresponding to the lower part of one section of lower anode 3, periphery installation insulation sleeve, insulation sleeve position
Between the space and the space peripheral grounding electrode, the corresponding space of insulation sleeve is insulating space 13.It is more than insulation sleeve right
The space answered is the first ionization space 6, and corresponding space below insulation sleeve is the second ionization space 7, the grounding electrode in the section
Lower grounding electrode 14, the upper grounding electrode 5 and lower grounding electrode 14 are separated by grounding electrode insulation set 15.
Accommodated in anodized insulation set 1 Anodic 2 pole slot do not touch the bottom of anodized insulation set 1 and formed with bottom every
Separation is from the locating slot 8 of the isolation distance and 1 accommodating positioning table 3-2 of anodized insulation set is substantially contour, the positioning table 3-2's
Diameter value is slightly larger than the diameter value of lower anode top 3-1, and the diameter value of lower anode lower part 3-3 is greater than the diameter value of positioning table 3-2, fixed
Position platform 3-2 is mounted in locating slot 8 and the upper table surface of positioning table 3-2 is made laterally to offset without touching with the dielectric isolation layer 4
Anodic 2 near it, and the bottom for making the starting end face of lower anode lower part 3-3 cover 1 with anodized insulation laterally offsets.So as to
The contact of enough integral components in a manner of offseting, enables structure more compact, and convenient for limit.The positioning table 3-2
Occupy the 4%~6% of lower 3 height of anode, the selection of the height ratio be due to outside igniter to space occupancy and inside
The compactedness of structure is determined, and why positioning table can be made the height ratio by the present invention, be isolated due to being formed
Spatial choice is formed in lower grounding electrode by insulation sleeve.
Above scheme, working gas are entered from igniter the lowermost entrance.Relative to electrode (especially ground connection electricity
Pole), temperature is just very high before discharge for working gas.Working gas is along the second ionization space-insulating space-the first
When flowing up in ionization space, the grounding electrode for touching low temperature has certain heat and passes to grounding electrode from gas,
This will lead to working gas temperature decline.In this way, when starting DBD electric discharge in the first ionization space, due to working gas temperature
Decline, lead to that DBD discharges not perfect (because electric discharge can cause ionization reaction, gas temperature more high ionization reaction is easier, more
Thoroughly), discharge effect is influenced.Therefore, the present invention takes the scheme for increasing grounding electrode insulation set, reduces working gas upward
The heat loss of motion stage (insulation sleeve uses high score molecular material or ceramic material, unsuitable thermally conductive).Moreover, being generated after electric discharge
Be active particle, will cause active particle quantity if flowing through metal wall surface and sharply reduce.It is exhausted using increased grounding electrode
Edge set, it is nonconducting, so also having the function of protection activity particle.
Near the insulating space 13 to the outlet section 9 of housing bottom, the diameter value of hollow cylinder starts in gradually small trend,
Lower anode 3 stretches out from anodized insulation set 1 and extends to outlet section 9, and it is decrescence small in outlet section 9 its diameter value and as outlet section 9 and
At tip.The upper end of the anodized insulation set 1 forms annular and extends as positioning ring 10, and upper grounding electrode 5 has suitable
Annular groove with positioning ring 10, which accommodates it, to be formed upper end and fixes and limit, and by the upper table surface of positioning table 3-2 and the insulation
Separation layer 4, which laterally offsets, and the starting end face of lower anode lower part 3-3 and the bottom of anodized insulation set 1 laterally offset to form lower end and consolidates
Fixed and limit.
Positioning ring 10 and upper grounding electrode 5 are fastened by fixing bolt 11.The upper end of anodized insulation set 1 is relative to positioning ring 10
With the protrusion upward because accommodating lower positive grade, and slotted lid is covered above protrusion, which will by fastening bolt
It is fastened with fixed bit ring 10 and upper grounding electrode 5.Lower grounding electrode 14 near outlet section 9 extends to lateral round tube, thereon
With vertical installation threaded hole.The means can further cooperate realization fixed and limit.Transverse direction round tube end installation is fixed
Position flange 12.The above-mentioned diameter value addressed refers to the value of the diameter or radius of cylinder.
Embodiment 3: the implementation method of the igniting of the scheme of above-described embodiment 1 and 2 is as follows: since igniter and engine fire
It burns room to be connected, therefore there are the mixing of flammable air-fuel in the first ionization space, insulating space and the second ionization space
Gas.
When work, power supply is first using lower voltage as Anodic power supply (such as: thousands of volts)；At the lower voltage, it above connects
Dielectric barrier discharge occurs between ground electrode-anodized insulation set-Anodic, the gas positioned at the first ionization space is in extra electric field
Effect is lower to be ionized, and generates free electron and the nonequilibrium plasma with positive charge cation composition, chemical reaction is lived
Property improve.Due to this electrode no power at present, do not discharge in the second ionization space.Since dielectric barrier discharge is to gas
Also there is flow field disturbance and heat effect, ionized gas moves downward in this role, enters the by insulating space
Two ionization spaces.
After entering the second ionization space with the nonequilibrium plasma compared with high reaction activity, supply voltage raising (such as:
Ten thousand volts of 1.5-2), arc discharge is occurring between lower anode and lower grounding electrode under action of high voltage.Due to gaseous mixture at this time
Reactivity has improved, therefore the igniting and combustion reaction of the gaseous mixture being located in the second ionization space occur rapidly.Flame
It will be gone out in the form of large volume flame torch from spout, into engine chamber, ignite and be located at the indoor flammable sky that burns
Gas-fuel mixture.
The control strategy of the program is:
(1) piston-mode motor (reciprocating or rotary piston)
Crankshaft position sensor judges crank position, if current crank angle does not arrive setting value, continues to judge；If having arrived
Setting value then instructs power supply output low pressure discharge by ECU.
After power supply is connected to electric discharge instruction, a certain lower voltage U is exported to Anodic1, it is denoted as time t at this time1.At this point, Shangyang
Pole and upper grounding electrode discharge, and form dielectric barrier discharge in the first ionization space, the gas in the first ionization space
It is ionized to nonequilibrium plasma.It is moved downward with that is, being ionized gas, enters second by insulating space through the Δ t time
Ionization space.
In t1+ time Δt, low pressure discharge instruction terminate, Anodic power-off.At this point, ECU refers to power supply output electrion
It enables, the downward anode of power supply exports a certain high voltage U2(U2>U1).At this point, lower anode and lower grounding electrode discharge, in the second electricity
From arc discharge is formed in space, have the nonequilibrium plasma of very high reaction activity by point in the second ionization space
Combustion, combustion reaction start.Flame goes out spout in the form of flame torch, enters main chamber.
ECU reads cylinder pressure sensor signal.If cylinder presses p to be greater than a certain setting value p1, then it is assumed that it lights a fire successfully, ECU continues
CRANK SENSOR is read, subsequent cycle igniting is carried out；If cylinder presses p to be less than p1, then it is assumed that loss of ignition, at this time ECU
To power source output command, with U2+ Δ U continues to read cylinder pressure signal to lower anode discharge, until lighting a fire successfully；If working as
Discharge voltage increases to always setting value U3(U3>U2) when still judge loss of ignition, for guarantee ignitor safely terminate electric discharge,
This circulation is no longer lighted a fire.
(2) other engines and burner
ECU issues low pressure discharge instruction to power supply.After power supply is connected to electric discharge instruction, a certain lower voltage is exported to Anodic
U1, it is denoted as time t at this time1.At this point, Anodic and upper grounding electrode discharge, dielectric impedance is formed in the first ionization space and is put
Electricity, the gas in the first ionization space are ionized to nonequilibrium plasma.It moves downward, passes through with that is, being ionized gas
The Δ t time enters the second ionization space by insulating space.
In t1+ time Δt, low pressure discharge instruction terminate, Anodic power-off.At this point, ECU refers to power supply output electrion
It enables, the downward anode of power supply exports a certain high voltage U2(U2>U1).At this point, lower anode and lower grounding electrode discharge, in the second electricity
From arc discharge is formed in space, have the nonequilibrium plasma of very high reaction activity by point in the second ionization space
Combustion, combustion reaction start.Flame goes out spout in the form of flame torch, enters main chamber.
ECU reads temperature sensor signal, obtains burning room temperature T.If temperature T is greater than a certain setting value T1, then recognize
To light a fire successfully, electrion instruction immediately is terminated, and lower anodal opening, ignition process terminates.If temperature T is less than T1, then it is assumed that
Loss of ignition, ECU is to power source output command at this time, with U2+ Δ U continues to read temperature signal to lower anode discharge, until point
Until igneous function；If when discharge voltage increases to always setting value U3(U3>U2) when still judge loss of ignition, for guarantee ignition power
Extremely safety terminates electric discharge, and exports failure alarm signal.
The preferable specific embodiment of the above, only the invention, but the protection scope of the invention is not
It is confined to this, anyone skilled in the art is in the technical scope that the invention discloses, according to the present invention
The technical solution of creation and its inventive concept are subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all cover the invention protection scope it
It is interior.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters, which is characterized in that igniting starting, power supply is with lower electricity
Pressure is that Anodic (2) power supply is sent out with being dielectrically separated between upper grounding electrode (5) and Anodic (2) by anodized insulation set (1)
Raw dielectric barrier discharge generates nonequilibrium plasma, the first ionization space (6) and the second ionization in the first ionization space (6)
Space (7) is isolated by insulating space (13), and ionized gas moves downward and to the second ionization space (7), supply voltage liter
Height makes that arc discharge occurs between lower anode (3) and lower grounding electrode (14), and the gaseous mixture being located in the second ionization space (7) is fast
Igniting and combustion reaction occur for speed；The isolation ionization space forms as follows: the lower part and part of lower anode (3) are lower anode (3)
Top and surrounding grounding electrode there is flat hollow distance and form space, corresponding to the lower part of one section of lower anode (3)
Space, periphery installation insulation sleeve, insulation sleeve is located between the space and the space peripheral grounding electrode, and insulation sleeve is corresponding
The space is insulating space (13).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811258673.1A CN109209727A (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2018-10-26 | The ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811258673.1A CN109209727A (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2018-10-26 | The ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109209727A true CN109209727A (en) | 2019-01-15 |
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| CN201811258673.1A Withdrawn CN109209727A (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2018-10-26 | The ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4503817A (en) * | 1982-02-18 | 1985-03-12 | General Motors Corporation | Annular valve stratified charge spark ignition engines |
| US4782235A (en) * | 1983-08-12 | 1988-11-01 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique | Source of ions with at least two ionization chambers, in particular for forming chemically reactive ion beams |
| US20150152832A1 (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-04 | Cummins, Inc. | Dual coil ignition system |
| CN104956216A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2015-09-30 | 万科仪器有限合伙公司 | Photoionization detector for gas chromatography having two separately ionizing sources |
| CN105353023A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-02-24 | 布鲁克道尔顿公司 | Ion mobility spectrometry mobility axis correction method and ion mobility spectrometry mobility axis correction instrument |
-
2018
- 2018-10-26 CN CN201811258673.1A patent/CN109209727A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4503817A (en) * | 1982-02-18 | 1985-03-12 | General Motors Corporation | Annular valve stratified charge spark ignition engines |
| US4782235A (en) * | 1983-08-12 | 1988-11-01 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique | Source of ions with at least two ionization chambers, in particular for forming chemically reactive ion beams |
| CN104956216A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2015-09-30 | 万科仪器有限合伙公司 | Photoionization detector for gas chromatography having two separately ionizing sources |
| US20150152832A1 (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-04 | Cummins, Inc. | Dual coil ignition system |
| CN105353023A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-02-24 | 布鲁克道尔顿公司 | Ion mobility spectrometry mobility axis correction method and ion mobility spectrometry mobility axis correction instrument |
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Application publication date: 20190115 |