CN109186690B - Turbine flowmeter, turbine flow monitoring system and measurement method thereof - Google Patents
Turbine flowmeter, turbine flow monitoring system and measurement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000938 samarium–cobalt magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- KPLQYGBQNPPQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt samarium Chemical compound [Co].[Sm] KPLQYGBQNPPQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
- G01F1/20—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow
- G01F1/32—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow using swirl flowmeters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a turbine flowmeter, a measurement and determination method thereof and a turbine flow monitoring system, wherein the turbine flowmeter comprises samarium-cobalt magnetic steel assembled on a turbine shaft; the magnetic displacement sensor is assembled on the turbine pipeline and corresponds to the position of the samarium-cobalt magnetic steel; the signal conditioner is connected with the magnetic displacement sensor in a signal mode; a microprocessor, the signal conditioner signal connected to the microprocessor; and each flexible interface module is in signal connection with the microprocessor. According to the invention, the AMR element with high precision and high sensitivity is adopted to replace the original electromagnetic induction coil, the characteristics of the AMR element are utilized, and the integrated modular design of a subsequent signal conditioning circuit is combined, so that the turbine flowmeter has higher precision, high stability and lower power consumption, and compared with the error of about +/-2% of the traditional sensor, the error can be improved to be within +/-1%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of turbine flow monitoring and the like, in particular to a turbine flow meter, a measuring and determining method thereof and a turbine flow monitoring system.
Background
The turbine flowmeter is a novel intelligent instrument which integrates a turbine flow sensor and a display integration and is developed by adopting an advanced ultra-low power consumption single-chip microcomputer technology, and has the obvious advantages of compact mechanism, visual and clear reading, high reliability, no interference of an external power supply, lightning protection, low cost and the like. When the device is used, the flow speed is converted into the rotating speed of the turbine, and then the rotating speed is converted into an electric signal which is in direct proportion to the flow. The flowmeter is used for detecting instantaneous flow and total integrated flow, and the output signal of the flowmeter is frequency and easy to digitize. The induction coil is fixed to the housing together with the permanent magnet. When the ferromagnetic turbine blades pass the magnets, the reluctance of the magnetic circuit changes, thereby generating an induced signal. The signal is amplified and shaped by an amplifier and sent to a counter or a frequency meter to display the total integrated flow. While the pulse frequency is frequency-to-voltage converted to indicate instantaneous flow. The speed of rotation of the impeller is proportional to the flow rate and the number of revolutions of the impeller is proportional to the total flow through. The output of the turbine flowmeter is a frequency modulation signal, so that the anti-interference performance of a detection circuit is improved, and a flow detection system is simplified.
At present, the turbine flowmeter has some defects, such as poor sensitivity, and the ordinary turbine flowmeter only uses alone, can not be connected with other external equipment, and the function is single. When the method is used, the algorithm is simple, the real-time performance and the stability performance of flow detection are poor, and in the stopping stage of the turbine, the frequency is rapidly reduced due to sudden stop of the turbine. The counter also waits for the next pulse period, and the problem that the frequency cannot return to zero after the turbine stops occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the utility model provides a turbine flowmeter and measurement and determination method, turbine flow monitoring system to solve current turbine flowmeter's sensitivity not good, and general turbine flowmeter only uses alone moreover, can not be connected with other external devices, and the function is single, and when using, its algorithm is simple, and flow detection's real-time performance and stability can relatively poor scheduling problem.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows: providing a turbine flowmeter, which is arranged on a turbine pipeline, wherein the turbine pipeline is provided with a turbine shaft and turbine blades arranged on the turbine shaft, and the turbine flowmeter comprises samarium-cobalt magnetic steel which is assembled on the turbine shaft; the magnetic displacement sensor is assembled on the turbine pipeline and corresponds to the position of the samarium-cobalt magnetic steel; the signal conditioner is connected with the magnetic displacement sensor in a signal mode; a microprocessor, the signal conditioner signal connected to the microprocessor; and each flexible interface module is in signal connection with the microprocessor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the flexible interface module includes a wired interface and a wireless communication module, and the wired interface includes at least one of a current output interface, a pulse input interface, a pulse output interface, an RS485 bus interface, a CAN bus interface, a display screen connection interface, and a keyboard connection interface; the wireless communication module comprises a ZigBee module.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the signal conditioner includes a differential amplifier circuit, a signal input end of which is connected to a signal output end of the magnetic displacement sensor, and is configured to obtain a sine wave signal of the differential signal transmitted by the magnetic displacement sensor and amplify the sine wave signal; a voltage comparison circuit, a signal input end of which is connected to a signal output end of the differential amplification circuit, and is used for shaping the amplified sine wave signal into a square wave signal; and the signal input end of the filter circuit is connected to the signal output end of the voltage comparison circuit, and the signal output end of the filter circuit is connected to the corresponding signal end of the microprocessor and used for carrying out second-order low-pass filtering on the square wave signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the microprocessor includes a timing detection unit, a signal input terminal of which is connected to the signal output terminal of the filter circuit, for periodically detecting the pulse-type square wave signal emitted by the filter circuit; the signal input end of the processing unit is connected to the signal output end of the timing detection unit and used for calculating the period time between two rising edge waveforms in the pulse and obtaining the frequency of the pulse corresponding to the processing unit according to the period time between the two rising edge waveforms; and to calculate the average cycle time and average frequency of the number of pulses.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the processing unit is further configured to define a number of pulses used for the average cycle time as Z; in the turbine starting stage, counting is started from the first pulse, and when the pulse number does not meet the pulse number used in the average period time, the measured frequency of the current pulse is adopted as the rotation frequency of the turbine before the Z-th pulse; when the pulse number used in the pulse number average period time is used, the average frequency of the Z pulses closest to the current pulse is used as the rotation frequency of the turbine; the processing unit is further used for defining the overflow number N after one pulse is detected; and in the turbine stopping stage, after one pulse is detected, recording the overflow frequency after the pulse, and when the overflow frequency exceeds N and the next pulse is not detected again, determining that the frequency corresponding to the last detected pulse is zero.
A flow rate measuring method of a turbine flowmeter, comprising the steps of: assembling said turbine flow meter; acquiring an electromagnetic signal generated when the turbine blade rotates in real time; the electromagnetic signals are processed and turbine flow is calculated from the electromagnetic signals.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the step of processing the electromagnetic signal, a sine wave signal of the differential signal transmitted by the magnetic displacement sensor is obtained, and the sine wave signal is amplified; and carrying out second-order low-pass filtering on the square wave signal.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of calculating the turbine flow includes defining the number of pulses used for the average cycle time as Z; counting from the first pulse in the turbine starting stage, and before the Z-th pulse, adopting the measured frequency of the current pulse as the rotation frequency of the turbine and calculating the real-time flow and the accumulated flow of the turbine according to the rotation frequency of the turbine when the number of pulses does not meet the number of pulses used in the average period time; and when the pulse number is used in the pulse number average period, the average frequency of the Z pulses closest to the current pulse is used as the rotation frequency of the turbine, and the real-time flow and the accumulated flow of the turbine are calculated according to the rotation frequency of the turbine.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in the step of calculating the turbine flow, the method further includes defining an overflow number N after detecting a pulse; and in the turbine stopping stage, after one pulse is detected, recording the overflow frequency after the pulse, and when the overflow frequency exceeds N and the next pulse is not detected again, determining that the frequency corresponding to the last detected pulse is zero, and interrupting the detection.
The invention also provides a turbine flow monitoring system comprising measurement nodes, each having a turbine flow meter as claimed in claim 1; and a coordinator signally connected to the turbine flow meter; a remote terminal connected to the coordinator.
The invention has the advantages that: according to the turbine flowmeter and the measuring and measuring method thereof, the AMR element with high precision and high sensitivity is adopted to replace the original electromagnetic induction coil, the characteristics of the AMR element are utilized, and the integrated modular design of a subsequent signal conditioning circuit is combined, so that the turbine flowmeter has higher precision, high stability and lower power consumption, and compared with the error of about +/-2% of a traditional sensor, the error can be improved to be within +/-1%; the optimization of the frequency measurement algorithm is realized through a microprocessor of the turbine flowmeter, and the contradiction between the real-time performance and the stability in the frequency measurement is solved. The turbine starting and stopping stages are optimized in a targeted manner, so that the measurement accuracy and stability of the flow meter are greatly improved, and the long-term stable and accurate state perception of the flow meter is ensured; the limitation of a single interface of a traditional sensor is broken through, and high adaptability and high availability of the flow sensor are realized through development of flexible various wired/wireless standard industrial interface modules;
the turbine flow monitoring system disclosed by the invention combines the characteristics of intelligent manufacturing and industrial Internet, develops the application functions of the flow sensor in the Internet of things such as automatic identification, networking and the like, and is convenient for configuration and deployment of a large amount of sensing equipment in intelligent manufacturing.
Drawings
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is an overall frame diagram of a turbine flow meter of an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a turbine flowmeter installation structure diagram of an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a differential amplifier circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a voltage comparison circuit diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a square waveform diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, which mainly represents the average frequency estimation process of the turbine in the 4 th pulse and 5 th pulse period.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating whether the timing detection unit interrupts signal input capture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a partial block diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention, which mainly shows a frame structure of a flexible interface module.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a turbine flow monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a flowchart of data transceiving steps of a coordinator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a data transceiving flow chart of a turbine flowmeter in a measurement node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein,
100 measuring nodes; 200 a coordinator;
300 a remote terminal; a 400 turbine flow meter;
500 turbo-piping; a 600 turbine shaft;
700 turbine blades; 800 a valve plug;
410 samarium cobalt magnet steel; 420 a magnetic displacement sensor;
430 a signal conditioner; 440 a microprocessor;
450 a flexible interface module; 431 a differential amplifying circuit;
432 a voltage comparison circuit; 433 a filter circuit;
441 timing detection unit; 442 processing unit.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings for illustrating the specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. The directional terms used in the present invention, such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc., refer to the directions of the attached drawings. Accordingly, the directional terms used are used for explanation and understanding of the present invention, and are not used for limiting the present invention.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the turbine flowmeter of the present invention is mounted on a turbine pipe. The turbine duct has a turbine shaft and turbine blades mounted on the turbine shaft. The turbine pipeline is provided with an opening corresponding to the turbine blade, a valve plug is arranged at the opening, and a turbine flowmeter is arranged on the valve plug.
As shown in FIG. 1, the turbine flowmeter comprises samarium-cobalt magnetic steel, a magnetic displacement sensor, a signal conditioner and a microprocessor. The samarium cobalt magnetic steel is assembled on the turbine shaft, and in the embodiment, the samarium cobalt magnetic steel is provided with an N pole and an S pole, and the samarium cobalt magnetic steel can rotate along with the turbine blade and form a periodically-changing magnetic field.
Magnetic displacement sensor assembly in on the valve plug of turbine pipeline, and correspond to samarium cobalt magnet steel position. The AMR element adopted by the magnetic displacement sensor is a HONEYWELL HMC1501 type magnetic sensor, and compared with Hall and GMR elements, the magnetic displacement sensor has the advantages of good dynamic performance of detection, high measurement precision and incomparable advantages of an induction coil. The power supply voltage of the magnetic displacement sensor is 5V, the magnetic displacement sensor can convert the intensity of an incident magnetic field into differential voltage output within a magnetic field range +/-6 Gs, and the sensitivity is 1 mV/V/Gaussian.
When hydraulic oil in the turbine pipeline flows through the turbine blades, the turbine blades drive the turbine shaft to rotate ceaselessly due to the thrust action, the rotating speed of the turbine is in direct proportion to the flow in a certain range, and the instantaneous flow Q can be obtained by knowing the rotating speed or the frequency f according to the flow calculation formula Q of the axial-flow turbine flowmeter, wherein the f is the frequency and the K is the instrument coefficient. In the turbine measured by the invention, a cylindrical samarium-cobalt magnetic steel is fixed on the turbine shaft, the N pole and the S pole of the samarium-cobalt magnetic steel are alternately changed along the radial direction of the samarium-cobalt magnetic steel, an alternating magnetic field can be generated in the rotating process of the turbine, and the alternating magnetic field can be converted into a sinusoidal voltage signal to be output through the detection of the AMR magnetic sensor so as to detect the frequency of the signal.
The signal conditioner is in signal connection with the magnetic displacement sensor; the signal conditioner comprises a differential amplification circuit, a voltage comparison circuit and a filter circuit.
As shown in fig. 3, a signal input end of the differential amplification circuit is connected to a signal output end of the magnetic displacement sensor, so as to obtain a sine wave signal of a differential signal transmitted by the magnetic displacement sensor, and amplify the sine wave signal, an alternating magnetic field generated by samarium-cobalt magnetic steel in a turbine is weak, the differential signal output by the magnetic displacement sensor is a sine wave signal with an amplitude of several millivolts to several tens millivolts, and the sine wave signal needs to be processed and then input into a microprocessor of a single chip microcomputer, because the output signal is weak, for signal processing and zero drift suppression, a differential amplification circuit is used at a signal output end of the magnetic displacement sensor, in the embodiment, an L MV358 amplifier is adopted for differential amplitude amplification, the sine wave signal is amplified into a sine wave with an amplitude of 0.5 to 1V, and the amplified signal is output to a SIGN network end in fig. 3, and the L MV358 amplifier has high precision, low offset drift and other performances, and is suitable for differential amplification of.
As shown in fig. 4, the signal input terminal of the voltage comparison circuit, i.e. the comparison terminal, is connected to the signal output terminal SIGN network terminal of the differential amplification circuit, and is used for shaping the amplified sine wave signal into a square wave signal, after the sine wave signal is obtained, the voltage comparison circuit adopts an L M393 voltage comparator, the sine wave signal is shaped into the square wave signal, and then the square wave signal is input into a microprocessor for frequency counting, and then a reference voltage is generated by an adjusting potentiometer (the reference voltage is the average voltage of the input signal and is about 2.5V), when the input voltage signal is higher than the reference voltage, a high level is output, otherwise, a low level is output, so that the signal can be converted into the square wave signal, and in order to prevent the input signal near the critical value from causing the output voltage of the comparator to generate jitter when being interfered, a 100K Ω positive feedback is introduced into the circuit, so as to overcome.
In order to suppress circuit noise and an interference magnetic field in the environment, second-order low-pass filtering is used before the square wave signal is input into a single chip microcomputer, in the embodiment, the filter circuit adopts a T L C04 type low-pass switch capacitor filter, because the maximum frequency of an alternating magnetic field is not more than 1500Hz, the cutoff frequency is set to be 2KHz to filter circuit noise and improve the precision and reliability of signal processing, and the whole magnetic displacement sensor and the signal conditioner are designed by an integrated modular circuit and are stacked with a plurality of chips and vertical interconnection among the chips in a single package body in a 3D stacking method packaging mode so as to realize the miniaturization and integrated development of the turbine flowmeter.
The microprocessor is arranged in the singlechip, and the signal conditioner is connected to the microprocessor through signals; the microprocessor comprises a timing detection unit and a processing unit, wherein the signal input end of the timing detection unit is connected to the signal output end of the filter circuit and used for periodically detecting pulse type square wave signals sent by the filter circuit; the signal input end of the processing unit is connected to the signal output end of the timing detection unit and used for calculating the period time between two rising edge waveforms in the pulse and obtaining the frequency of the pulse corresponding to the period time between the two rising edge waveforms according to the period time between the two rising edge waveforms; and to calculate the average cycle time and average frequency of the number of pulses. The processing unit is further used for defining the number of pulses used for the average period time as Z; in the turbine starting stage, counting is started from the first pulse, and when the pulse number does not meet the pulse number used in the average period time, the measured frequency of the current pulse is adopted as the rotation frequency of the turbine before the Z-th pulse; when the pulse number used in the pulse number average period time is used, the average frequency of the Z pulses closest to the current pulse is used as the rotation frequency of the turbine; the processing unit is further used for defining the overflow number N after one pulse is detected; and in the turbine stopping stage, after one pulse is detected, recording the overflow frequency after the pulse, and when the overflow frequency exceeds N and the next pulse is not detected again, determining that the frequency corresponding to the last detected pulse is zero.
The functionality of the processor is further explained below in conjunction with fig. 5, as shown in fig. 5.
The microprocessor processes a square wave signal obtained after signal conditioning, the timing detection unit of the embodiment adopts an STM32 universal timer, and a signal input end of the STM32 universal timer carries out periodic measurement on the square wave signal. Based on a frequency cycle measurement method, a PA1 pin of an STM32 universal timer is used for input capture, and the cycle time T between two rising edge waveforms in a pulse signal on a PA1 pin is captured with the accuracy of us level. And obtaining the frequency F of the pulse signal as 1/T according to the period time, calculating the average value of the period time of the current Z pulses in the actual use process, and then calculating the frequency by using the average period. And on the basis, the algorithm is improved and perfected, the frequency measurement processing at the starting and stopping stages of the turbine is optimized, and the stability and the real-time performance of the frequency measurement result are improved. In fig. 5, Z is set to 4.
Optimization process, see fig. 6, fig. 6 is a flow chart of whether the timing detection unit interrupts signal input capture.
During the start-up phase of the turbine, the earliest Z-1 pulses cannot be formed for Z cycle times, and averaging is not possible. If the direct cycle method, i.e. direct averaging with Z-1 pulses, is used, the measurement results will be smaller. To solve this problem, the algorithm counts the number of pulses after the start, the first Z-1 pulses find the frequency directly from the cycle time of the pulse, and the average cycle time of the nearest consecutive Z pulses is used to find the frequency when more than Z pulses are detected. The accuracy of frequency measurement in the starting stage of the turbine is guaranteed.
In the stop phase of the turbine, the frequency drops rapidly due to the sudden stop of the turbine. In this case, the average cycle time is used to calculate the frequency, and the Z data is inevitably in a smaller cycle time, which results in a larger calculated frequency value. And the timing detection unit waits for the pulse of the next period, so that the problem that the frequency cannot return to zero after the turbine stops occurs. For this problem, the minimum frequency that can be measured is set. And counting the overflowing times after a counter in the timing detection unit captures a pulse period, and determining that the frequency at the moment is zero and restarting the next capture when the counter does not detect the next pulse after overflowing N times. Therefore, the maximum period that the secondary meter can measure is N65536 us, namely the minimum frequency is 1/N65536 us, and the value of N can be set according to actual conditions.
The measurement error can be controlled within 0.5% by an evaluation algorithm. After the signal frequency is obtained, the instantaneous flow can be obtained by calculation according to the instantaneous frequency and the corresponding meter coefficient, and the accumulated flow data can be obtained by integrating the instantaneous flow with the time.
The method ensures the real-time performance of measurement, improves the stability of the measurement result, and overcomes the influence of the manufacturing error of the turbine blade on the measurement result.
As shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 is a structure diagram of a ZigBee ad hoc network. The ZigBee networking module is divided into a measuring node module and a coordinator (router) module. Due to the self-organizing network characteristic of the ZigBee technology, the invention can realize the functions of automatically organizing the network: and the coordinator automatically creates a network after being electrified, and the terminal measurement node equipment automatically searches the network and automatically generates a network address to join the network after being electrified. By formulating a uniform data transmission protocol and adding a measuring node ID, a data type and the like, automatic identification and other automatic functions of the terminal measuring node are realized. Each flexible interface module is connected with the microprocessor through signals. Aiming at the interface requirement of the output diversification of the sensor in the intelligent manufacturing process, the limitation of the traditional single interface is broken through, and the flexible interface module in the flowmeter comprises various wired/wireless standard industrial interface modules. The flexible interface module comprises a wired interface and a wireless communication module, wherein the wired interface comprises at least one of a current output interface, a pulse input interface, a pulse output interface, an RS485 bus interface, a CAN bus interface, a display screen connecting interface and a keyboard connecting interface; the wireless communication module comprises a ZigBee module. After receiving the sensor flow data, protocol conversion is carried out according to a required communication interface, and the data are sent to a corresponding interface for data transmission. The 4-20mA current output is a standard industrial output interface, after a frequency value is calculated by STM32, a corresponding voltage value is output through a DAC, and then the voltage is converted into 4-20mA current through a current loop for being read by field measurement equipment. And the two-wire RS485 bus interface sends a command to the microcontroller through the RS485 interface to configure and calibrate the flowmeter. For the flow monitoring application which is difficult to wire, the module is also provided with a ZigBee wireless communication technology for wireless data transmission, and the adopted ZigBee module is developed based on a CC2530 chip, can be directly connected with a serial port of a single chip microcomputer to transmit data, and realizes plug and play. The invention also provides a data packet integrity check function based on Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), and the safety and reliability of data transmission are ensured.
The flow rate measuring method of the turbine flowmeter of the present invention includes the following steps.
Assembling said turbine flow meter;
acquiring an electromagnetic signal generated when the turbine blade rotates in real time; the electromagnetic signals are processed and turbine flow is calculated from the electromagnetic signals. In the step of processing the electromagnetic signal, acquiring a sine wave signal of the differential signal transmitted by the magnetic displacement sensor, and amplifying the sine wave signal; and carrying out second-order low-pass filtering on the square wave signal. In the step of calculating the turbine flow, the number of pulses used for defining the average period time is Z; counting from the first pulse in the turbine starting stage, and before the Z-th pulse, adopting the measured frequency of the current pulse as the rotation frequency of the turbine and calculating the real-time flow and the accumulated flow of the turbine according to the rotation frequency of the turbine when the number of pulses does not meet the number of pulses used in the average period time; and when the pulse number is used in the pulse number average period, the average frequency of the Z pulses closest to the current pulse is used as the rotation frequency of the turbine, and the real-time flow and the accumulated flow of the turbine are calculated according to the rotation frequency of the turbine. In the step of calculating the turbine flow, the method also comprises the step of defining the overflow times N after one pulse is detected; and in the turbine stopping stage, after one pulse is detected, recording the overflow frequency after the pulse, and when the overflow frequency exceeds N and the next pulse is not detected again, determining that the frequency corresponding to the last detected pulse is zero, and interrupting the detection.
As shown in fig. 8, the present invention further provides a turbine flow monitoring system, which includes measurement nodes, each of which has the turbine flow meter, a coordinator and a remote terminal, wherein the coordinator is connected to the turbine flow meter by signals; the remote terminal is connected to the coordinator.
The ZigBee network is developed based on a ZigBee protocol Stack Z-Stack. The ZigBee protocol stack can be used for quickly establishing a wireless network and realizing the receiving and sending of remote data. The device attributes may be defined as a coordinator or a remote terminal. After the coordinator is started, the coordinator automatically selects a proper channel and a proper network number, establishes a ZigBee wireless network according to parameters given in compiling, and searches a turbine flowmeter in the existing measuring nodes; when a measuring node joins the network, the coordinator sends a command for reading the flow data through serial port broadcasting and stores the flow data of each measuring node. And after the terminal measurement node is powered on, the terminal measurement node can automatically search and join the ZigBee network, and the network can be automatically reconnected when the terminal measurement node loses the network. After receiving the command of the coordinator, the ZigBee module analyzes the data, selects a corresponding mode according to the command for wireless transmission, and uploads the flow data of the ZigBee module through a formulated data protocol.
The data transceiving steps of the turbine flow monitoring system in this embodiment are shown in fig. 9 and 10, fig. 9 is a flow chart of the data transceiving steps of the coordinator, and fig. 10 is a flow chart of the data transceiving steps of the turbine flow meter in the measurement node.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A turbine flowmeter mounted on a turbine duct having a turbine shaft and turbine blades mounted on the turbine shaft, the turbine flowmeter comprising
Samarium cobalt magnetic steel assembled on the turbine shaft;
the magnetic displacement sensor is assembled on the turbine pipeline and corresponds to the position of the samarium-cobalt magnetic steel;
the signal conditioner is connected with the magnetic displacement sensor in a signal mode;
a microprocessor, the signal conditioner signal connected to the microprocessor;
each flexible interface module is in signal connection with the microprocessor;
the microprocessor includes: the timing detection unit is connected with the signal input end of the filter circuit and used for periodically detecting the pulse type square wave signal emitted by the filter circuit;
the signal input end of the processing unit is connected to the signal output end of the timing detection unit and used for calculating the period time between two rising edge waveforms in the pulse and obtaining the frequency of the pulse corresponding to the processing unit according to the period time between the two rising edge waveforms; and to calculate an average cycle time and an average frequency of the plurality of pulses;
the processing unit is further used for defining the number of pulses used for the average period time as Z;
in the turbine starting stage, counting is started from the first pulse, and when the pulse number does not meet the pulse number used in the average period time, the measured frequency of the current pulse is adopted as the rotation frequency of the turbine before the Z-th pulse;
when the pulse number used in the pulse number average period time is used, the average frequency of the Z pulses closest to the current pulse is used as the rotation frequency of the turbine;
the processing unit is further used for defining the overflow number N after one pulse is detected;
and in the turbine stopping stage, after one pulse is detected, recording the overflow frequency after the pulse, and when the overflow frequency exceeds N and the next pulse is not detected again, determining that the frequency corresponding to the last detected pulse is zero.
2. The turbine flowmeter of claim 1, wherein the flexible interface module comprises a wired interface and a wireless communication module, the wired interface comprising at least one of a current output interface, a pulse input interface, a pulse output interface, an RS485 bus interface, a CAN bus interface, a display screen connection interface, and a keyboard connection interface; the wireless communication module comprises a ZigBee module.
3. The turbine flowmeter of claim 1, wherein the signal conditioner comprises a differential amplification circuit having a signal input connected to the signal output of the magnetic displacement sensor for obtaining a sine wave signal of the differential signal transmitted by the magnetic displacement sensor and amplifying the sine wave signal;
a voltage comparison circuit, a signal input end of which is connected to a signal output end of the differential amplification circuit, and is used for shaping the amplified sine wave signal into a square wave signal;
and the signal input end of the filter circuit is connected to the signal output end of the voltage comparison circuit, and the signal output end of the filter circuit is connected to the corresponding signal end of the microprocessor and used for carrying out second-order low-pass filtering on the square wave signal.
4. A flow rate measuring method of a turbine flowmeter, comprising the steps of:
assembling the turbine flowmeter of claim 1;
acquiring an electromagnetic signal generated when the turbine blade rotates in real time;
the electromagnetic signals are processed and turbine flow is calculated from the electromagnetic signals.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of processing the electromagnetic signal comprises processing the electromagnetic signal
Acquiring a sine wave signal of the differential signal transmitted by the magnetic displacement sensor, and amplifying the sine wave signal;
and carrying out second-order low-pass filtering on the square wave signal.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of calculating the turbine flow comprises
Defining the number of pulses used for the average period time as Z;
counting from the first pulse in the turbine starting stage, and before the Z-th pulse, adopting the measured frequency of the current pulse as the rotation frequency of the turbine and calculating the real-time flow and the accumulated flow of the turbine according to the rotation frequency of the turbine when the number of pulses does not meet the number of pulses used in the average period time;
and when the pulse number is used in the pulse number average period, the average frequency of the Z pulses closest to the current pulse is used as the rotation frequency of the turbine, and the real-time flow and the accumulated flow of the turbine are calculated according to the rotation frequency of the turbine.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of calculating the turbine flow further comprises
Defining the overflow times N after detecting a pulse;
and in the turbine stopping stage, after one pulse is detected, recording the overflow frequency after the pulse, and when the overflow frequency exceeds N and the next pulse is not detected again, determining that the frequency corresponding to the last detected pulse is zero, and interrupting the detection.
8. A turbine flow monitoring system, comprising
Measurement nodes, each having a turbine flow meter as in claim 1; and
a coordinator signally connected to the turbine flow meter;
a remote terminal connected to the coordinator.
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