CN109147045B - Topological partition based three-dimensional automatic modeling method for geology of urban area - Google Patents
Topological partition based three-dimensional automatic modeling method for geology of urban area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The topological partition based geological three-dimensional automatic modeling method for the urban parcel comprises the following steps: (1) preparing survey data; (2) topological partitioning of urban districts; (3) drawing a geological section of an urban block interface; (4) three-dimensional automatic modeling and dynamic updating of the geology of the urban area; (5) and (4) carrying out three-dimensional automatic modeling on the geology of the urban area. According to the method, an urban parcel is divided into a plurality of urban blocks according to a topological partitioning rule, shared geological profiles are drawn on interfaces of adjacent blocks, geological three-dimensional automatic modeling of all urban blocks is performed by utilizing survey data and geological profiles, and finally geological three-dimensional automatic modeling of the urban parcel is performed through seamless splicing. On one hand, the precision of geological three-dimensional modeling of the urban parcel and the efficiency of integral reconstruction of a geological three-dimensional model are improved; on the other hand, the problem that the three-dimensional geological model of the urban parcel is constructed at the block boundary in blocks and the models are inconsistent is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of urban geology, in particular to a topological partition-based urban parcel geological three-dimensional automatic modeling method.
Background
The three-dimensional digitization of urban geological work is a basic condition for realizing digital cities, the urban three-dimensional geological modeling is a key technology for realizing the digitization of the urban geological work, important geological space data and digitization means can be provided for solving various complex geological problems encountered in the cities, and rich and comprehensive geological information is provided for application of urban planning, construction, operation and the like.
At present, the popular research results are obtained in the urban three-dimensional geological modeling field at home and abroad, and the three-dimensional geological modeling method is different based on modeling data sources with different styles. Methods for three-dimensional geological modeling based on different modeling data sources include a variety of: mainly uses drilling data, geological profile data and multi-source data control.
(1) Based on drilling data
A modeling method mainly based on drilling is a more mature urban three-dimensional geological modeling method developed at present. Researchers have more researches on the modeling method, and at present, the modeling method is mature in processing layered stratums and is gradually mature in processing lens bodies, interlayers, faults and other complex geologic bodies. However, the method is usually used for a specific industrial and civil engineering, and the geological three-dimensional modeling range is very limited, so that the method is not suitable for large-range geological automatic modeling of urban districts. The modeling range of the urban parcel is generally large, the modeling area needs to be divided into a plurality of urban blocks for modeling respectively, and the geological models of the urban blocks are assembled into a complete geological model of the urban parcel. The problem that adjacent boundaries of urban blocks are difficult to smoothly connect frequently occurs in the assembling process, which is usually because the boundaries of the urban blocks are not strictly controlled in the automatic modeling process, drilling data in the adjacent urban blocks are inconsistent, and a computer automatically generates a stratum interface on the boundaries according to a specific algorithm. This easily causes the problem that the stratigraphic interfaces on the boundaries of different city blocks often have inconsistent topological relations after the modeling of the city blocks is completed. At present, the problem is particularly shown in the large-scale urban three-dimensional geological modeling field.
(2) Based on geological profile data
The modeling method mainly based on section data is a more recently researched urban geological modeling method. The three-dimensional geological modeling method based on the cross-folded section, which is provided by the Daohang and the like, enlarges the data source which can be utilized by modeling, and realizes the rapid construction of the three-dimensional geological model based on the section data. The clear mirror and the like provide a three-dimensional geological multi-body modeling method based on a mesh topological-section-containing model, a modeling area is divided into a plurality of mesh subareas, each subarea is independently constructed, and finally, each subarea model is assembled to form a whole-area integral model. Chen Guelian and the like propose a concept of constructing a geological model by dividing spatial cells by using cross geological profile data. Chen Guo Liang and Zhu Liang Feng have made some beneficial attempts to ensure the consistency of cross-section data. The Lily service introduces three-dimensional topological reasoning into three-dimensional geological modeling, realizes automatic construction and reasoning of topological relation on a three-dimensional space curved surface through a profile projection method, improves the comparison dimension of geological profiles, improves the automatic comparison automation degree of the geological profiles, and realizes dynamic modeling of three-dimensional layered geological bodies in urban geology. The exploration practice of Wanglang and the like is based on a three-dimensional geological modeling technical method on the basis of a surface geological survey profile network, emphasizes that the data base of modeling comes from a system route profile and an actual measurement profile of surface basic geological survey, and further realizes the digital expression of a three-dimensional geological structure. In a word, the modeling method based on geological profile data mainly carries out stratum interface reconstruction by utilizing stratum information disclosed on adjacent profiles, and then sews the side faces and the stratum interfaces into a geologic body. At present, a geological model is constructed by adopting a profile crossing technology, and more researches are carried out, so that a very good application result is obtained. For large-range three-dimensional geological modeling of the urban parcel, the cross section can be used as the constraint of a modeling area, and the area is integrated with other data sources, so that the constructed geological model has higher precision.
(3) Based on multi-source data control
The single three-dimensional geological model generated based on the drilling data or the geological profile data has limited expressed geological information, so that the three-dimensional geological model can be efficiently and quickly constructed, and meanwhile, the constructed geological model has multiple solutions. And the complete knowledge of the geological condition of the modeling area is unrealistic, and at the moment, the three-dimensional geological model constructed by adopting a plurality of geological data in a cooperative manner has higher confidence level. Guo Yangjun et al proposed a three-dimensional formation modeling method based on drilling and cross-fold profile constraints, and attempted to solve the problems of the drilling data-based modeling method, such as inability to control complex geological phenomena between boreholes, and the like, and improve the accuracy of the model. The Huaweihua discusses a three-dimensional geological modeling method based on multi-source geological data such as drilling holes, geological profiles, stratum isolines, fault lines, geophysical prospecting and the like, and provides a rapid construction method and a quantitative analysis method of a complex geological structure model under the constraint of multi-geological data which mainly comprises cross-section data. Wangwei, Xuyaxing and the like propose a modeling method for constructing a geologic body containing a fault by adopting multi-source data coupling. Wuqiang et al propose a multi-source geological data fusion technology, integrating various geological data on a platform.
Generally, the modeling method based on multi-source data control is richer in geological information compared with the modeling method based on drilling data and geological profile data, and is also the development direction of urban geological modeling in the future. However, the current research results are few, the existing research results are limited by the diversity of data sources, it is difficult to completely describe the morphology and properties of the geologic body from different angles, and the efficiency and quality of geologic model construction are needed. Particularly, the three methods pay attention to the characteristics of geological work, deviate from the requirements of urban geological three-dimensional models in urban exploration, planning, construction and operation processes, are not combined with traffic network axes, land block unit division, periodic updating of exploration data and the like, are not considered to have the problems of urban geological three-dimensional modeling precision and efficiency reaching thousands of square kilometers, and have great limitations.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and enable the construction quality of the urban parcel geological model to be better and the efficiency to be higher, the invention provides a topological partition-based urban parcel geological three-dimensional automatic modeling method.
The topological partition based three-dimensional automatic modeling method for the geology of the urban area comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing survey data; collecting geological survey data of urban parcel areas, and arranging the geological survey data into formatted data which can be identified by a computer; the urban area geological survey data collection comprises a topographic map, a drilling data table and a test data table; the survey data arrangement comprises the steps of gridding the surface of the ground, standardizing the stratum, formatting the data and removing bad data;
s2: topological partitioning of urban districts; dividing the space managed by the urban parcel into a plurality of urban blocks by taking the traffic axes which are transversely and longitudinally staggered in the urban parcel as a partitioning boundary according to a topological partitioning rule and a sufficient survey data condition, wherein each urban block can contain one or more urban unit parcel;
s3: drawing a geological section of an urban block interface; drawing geological profiles on the interfaces of all the city blocks on the basis of the survey data near the interfaces of the city blocks, so that the adjacent city blocks share one geological profile, the geological lines of the adjacent geological profiles are continuous, and the geological lines are endowed with geological properties;
s4: three-dimensional automatic modeling and dynamic updating of geology of the urban block; based on the survey data and the geological profile, three-dimensional automatic modeling is carried out on geology of all urban blocks to obtain urban block geological three-dimensional models, and when the survey data in a certain urban block changes, the corresponding geological three-dimensional models are dynamically updated;
s5: three-dimensional automatic modeling of the geology of the urban area; and automatically splicing all the geological three-dimensional models of the urban blocks to finish geological three-dimensional automatic modeling of the urban block areas.
Preferably, in the step S1, the gridding of the terrain surface refers to gridding the terrain surface of the urban parcel according to the modeling precision requirement, and the grid density is uniform and excessive in the urban parcel; the stratum standardization is to establish a total sequence of the stratum of the urban parcel according to the drilling data; the data formatting is to input drilling data, test data and the like into a database and arrange the drilling data, the test data and the like into data which can be identified by a computer for modeling; and the bad data elimination is to eliminate bad data in the collected survey data, such as drilling data of unfinished drilling, data of serious inconsistency between the depth of a drilling hole and a peripheral drilling hole, or data of inconsistency between the drilling hole and a stratum control point, and the bad data are eliminated in the preparation process of the survey data, so that the consistency, the correctness and the integrity of a modeling data source are ensured.
Preferably, in the step S2, the city block topology partition refers to that intersection points of traffic axes which are staggered horizontally and vertically and nodes on the axes are extracted as topology nodes, the topology nodes are sequentially connected to form a topology boundary, and a polygon range divided by the topology boundary forms a city block; the urban block must satisfy the following compatibility conditions in terms of topology: firstly, all city blocks should not exist independently of adjacent city blocks and have a common edge relationship with the adjacent city blocks; the outer boundaries of all city blocks should be self-sealing.
Preferably, in step S3, the city block interface geological profile is drawn according to survey data near the city block interface, the survey data reveals the distribution of strata near the city block interface, and the geological profile is drawn along all the city block interfaces by combining geological experiences of geologists, so that adjacent city blocks share one geological profile, the geological lines of the adjacent geological profiles are continuous, and the geological lines are endowed with geological attributes.
Preferably, in step S4, the city block geology is automatically modeled in three dimensions, specifically: firstly, extracting geological lines on the geological profile drawn in the step S3 and all stratigraphic unit hierarchical data in the drilling data in the urban area, wherein the stratigraphic unit hierarchical data at least comprises drilling hole numbers, drilling hole section serial numbers and stratigraphic code numbers; then traversing and searching stratum units exposed in all geological lines and drill holes according to the new and old sequences of all strata, defining a stratum unit set between the bottoms of the stratum units as a complete layer, and extracting bottom position data, a bottommost stratum code number, a starting drill hole segment sequence number set and a terminating drill hole segment sequence number set of the complete layer as complete layer data; secondly, stratum units which are not exposed in all drill holes are searched in the geological line and drill hole data complete layer sections, the stratum units are defined as incomplete layers, and according to top-down and stratum new and old sequences of the geological line and the drill hole sections, bottom position data and stratum codes of the incomplete layers are sequentially extracted to serve as incomplete layer data; finally, generating a complete layer interface according to the complete layer data, and sequentially shearing the earth form by using the complete layer interface to generate a complete layer entity; generating an incomplete layer interface according to the data interpolation of the incomplete layer, and sequentially shearing the complete layer entity by using the incomplete layer interface in the complete layer entity to generate an incomplete layer entity; combining the entity of the complete layer and the entity of the incomplete layer to obtain a geological three-dimensional model of the city block; the dynamic updating of the geological three-dimensional model of the urban block means that the urban block to which the drilling data belongs is searched in a traversing mode according to the geometric coordinates of the updated drilling data, the updated drilling data is integrated with the existing drilling data in the urban block to which the drilling data belongs, and geological lines with geological attributes on the geological section of the urban block are combined to complete geological three-dimensional automatic modeling of the urban block with the drilling data updating.
Preferably, in the step S5, the multiple city block geological three-dimensional models obtained in the step S4 are sequentially spliced, so that the shared geological curved surfaces are spliced into a geological curved surface, the coplanar geological entities are spliced into a geological entity, and the geological properties of the spliced geological curved surface and the geological entity are kept unchanged, so as to obtain a complete city slab geological three-dimensional model.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can solve the problem that the reconstruction of the geological model of the urban block brings unreasonable reconstruction to the geological model of the whole urban block when the exploration data is updated in the later urban geological work, so as to improve the reconstruction rationality and modeling efficiency of the geological model of the urban block. According to the method, the urban block interface geological profile is used as constraint, so that the updating of the urban block geological model is only limited to the urban block with the updated exploration data, the urban block without the updated exploration data is not affected, and the urban block without the updated exploration data is not reconstructed due to the updating of the exploration data of the adjacent urban blocks, and the updating efficiency of the massive three-dimensional geological model of the urban block is greatly improved. The invention adopts the urban parcel three-dimensional geological modeling method controlled by multisource mass data, uses drilling data, geological profile data and the like as geological data of urban parcel three-dimensional modeling, considers the requirements of urban geological three-dimensional models in urban exploration, planning, construction, operation and maintenance processes, carries out topological partitioning on urban parcels based on traffic network axes and parcel unit division, and simultaneously considers the influence on the whole updating of the urban parcel three-dimensional geological models due to the periodic updating of exploration data. Precision and efficiency are considered in the construction of the large-range urban geological three-dimensional model, so that geological information expressed by the urban parcel geological three-dimensional model is richer, and a more powerful reference is provided for future urban geological work.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of city partition topology partitioning according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a geological profile of the city block interface of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a city block geography model according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view of a city block complete layer interface according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a city block non-full layer interface diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional geological model map of a city block according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional geological model map of all city blocks of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of model assembly according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional geological model of urban parcel in a layered manner.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the embodiment, a three-dimensional geological modeling of a certain urban area is taken as an example, the urban area is an arc-shaped area, the arc length is about 8km, the width is about 2km, the area is about 16km2, geological conditions are complex, a traffic axis network is transversely and longitudinally staggered, a product MicroStation of Bentley company is taken as a three-dimensional operation platform for urban block division and urban block geological three-dimensional model construction, all drilling data is stored in an SQL Server database, and geological lines with geological properties are given on all urban block interface geological profiles and drawn on the MicroStation platform.
In this embodiment, according to the flowchart of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a topological partition-based three-dimensional automatic modeling method for geology of an urban area includes:
s1: and (4) preparing survey data. Collecting geological survey data of the urban parcel, and arranging the geological survey data into formatted data which can be identified by a computer. The urban area survey data collection comprises a topographic map, a drilling data table and a test data table. And the survey data arrangement comprises the steps of gridding the surface of the ground, standardizing the stratum, formatting the data and removing bad data. The ground surface gridding refers to gridding the ground surface of the urban area according to the modeling precision requirement, and the grid density is uniform and excessive in the urban area. The stratum standardization is to establish the total sequence of the stratums of the urban districts according to the drilling data, namely the new and old sequences of the total stratums of all exposed stratums of the urban districts. And the data formatting is to record drilling data, test data and the like into a database, and arrange the drilling data, the test data and the like into data which can be identified by a computer for modeling. The bad data elimination is to eliminate the bad data in the collected survey data, such as the drilling data of unfinished drilling and the data of serious inconsistency between the depth of a drilling hole and a peripheral drilling hole, or the data of inconsistency between the drilling hole and a stratum control point, and the bad data are eliminated in the preparation process of the survey data, so that the consistency, the correctness and the integrity of a modeling data source are ensured.
S2: and topological partitioning of urban districts. The method comprises the steps of taking a traffic axis which is transversely and longitudinally staggered in a proposed urban parcel as a partitioning boundary, and dividing a space for managing the urban parcel into a plurality of urban blocks according to topological partitioning rules and sufficient survey data conditions, wherein each urban block can comprise one or more urban unit parcel. The topological partitioning diagram of the urban area is shown in fig. 2. The purpose of topological partition of the urban district is to divide massive modeling data sources of the urban district into a plurality of areas, process massive data in a blocking manner and improve modeling efficiency. The city block may be divided into a number of city blocks, each city block may contain one or more city unit plots. The topological partitioning process of the urban district comprises the following steps: and extracting intersection points of the traffic axes which are transversely and longitudinally staggered and nodes on the axes as topological nodes, wherein the topological nodes are sequentially connected to form topological boundaries, and polygonal ranges divided by the topological boundaries form city blocks. The urban blocks must topologically satisfy the following compatibility conditions: firstly, all city blocks should not exist independently of adjacent city blocks and have a common edge relationship with the adjacent city blocks; the outer boundaries of all city blocks should be self-sealing. The city block after the city block topological partition can contain one or more unit blocks in the city block.
S3: and drawing a geological section of the city block interface. And based on the survey data near the interface of the city block, sectioning along the partitioned boundary line of the city block by adopting a vertical auxiliary section tool of the platform, enabling the adjacent city blocks to share one geological section, enabling the geological lines of the adjacent geological sections to be continuous, then compiling stratigraphic unit attribute lines on a two-dimensional view interface, confirming to return to three-dimensional, and realizing the drawing of the geological section of the three-dimensional topological structure (as shown in figure 3). The geological attribute of the entry line here is a stratigraphic unit, which serves as the lower boundary of an overlying stratigraphic unit. The drawing basis is the survey data near the interface of the urban block, and the survey data reveals the stratum distribution situation near the interface of the urban block. And (4) drawing a geological profile along the interfaces of all the city blocks by combining the geological experience of geologists, so that the adjacent city blocks share one geological profile, the geological lines of the adjacent geological profiles are continuous, the geological lines are endowed with geological properties, and the endowed geological properties are the standardized stratum information arranged in the step S1.
S4: and (3) carrying out three-dimensional automatic modeling and dynamic updating on the geology of the urban block. And completing three-dimensional automatic modeling of geology of all city blocks based on the survey data and the geological profile of the topological structure, wherein the creation of the terrain body model of the city blocks is realized by utilizing a tool set carried by a Microstation platform, and the tool set is shown in figure 4.
The complete layer data contained in the method consists of bottom position data of the complete layer, the bottom stratum code number, a starting drilling section sequence number set, a stopping drilling section sequence number set and continuous geological lines endowed with the same geological attributes on a topological structure geological profile. The bottom position data of the full layer is the terminal point coordinates of the bottommost borehole section of each borehole in the full layer section of the stratigraphic unit; the stratum code of the lowest stratum in the complete layer section of the stratum unit is recorded under the record of the bottom stratum code; the starting borehole segment sequence number set is the sequence number of the uppermost borehole segment of each borehole in the full layer segment of the stratigraphic unit; the set of termination borehole segment sequence numbers is the sequence number of the bottommost borehole segment of each borehole in the full layer segment of the stratigraphic unit; the continuous geological lines with the same geological properties on the topological structure geological profile are the geological lines with the same stratum code number on the urban block interface geological profile as the lowest stratum in the complete layer subsection. The data structure is to facilitate non-full layer data extraction for full layer segments of stratigraphic units.
The extraction of the incomplete layer data comprises traversing the complete layer subsection of the stratum unit, finding out the drilling section with the minimum stratum sequence number from the initial drilling section and the topological structure geological section of each drilling hole in the complete layer subsection of the stratum unit, searching all the drilling holes and the drilling section with the same stratum code number as the drilling section with the minimum stratum sequence number on the topological structure geological section, and defining part of geological lines with the same geological properties on the geological section of the city block interface, and the terminal point coordinates and the stratum code number of the current drilling section of part of the drilling holes as the incomplete layer data.
The survey data is all borehole stratum data directly read from the database, and the topological structure geological profile is a geological profile with geological properties which are drawn on the interfaces of all urban blocks in a traditional mode, and the geological properties are consistent with the stratum data in the database. When extracting complete layer data and incomplete layer data, a total stratigraphic sequence is established according to the drilling stratigraphic data and the topological structure geological profile in each urban area, namely the new and old chronology of all exposed stratigraphic layers in the urban area. The geological lines endowed with geological attributes on the drilling stratum data and the topological structure geological profile are the stratum unit boundary data of all drilling holes in an urban block and the stratum unit boundary data at the adjacent boundary of the urban block, and each drilling hole consists of a plurality of drilling hole sections which are arranged in sequence, wherein the drilling hole sections are described by drilling hole section serial numbers, starting point coordinates, end point coordinates, stratum code numbers, stratum serial numbers and stratum colors (R, G, B). And the single drilling hole is described by a drilling hole number, a stratum sequence number of the current drilling hole section, the accumulated virtual thickness and a drilling hole section set. For a single borehole, the stratum sequence number of the current borehole segment is used for recording the stratum sequence number of the borehole segment traversed by the borehole currently; the accumulated virtual thickness is used for calculating the position of the virtual uncovering point, when a certain stratum is lost in the drill hole, the virtual thickness is the average value of the thicknesses of the currently traversed drill hole sections, and the virtual thickness needs to be accumulated under the condition that the stratum is continuously lost; the drilling section set is composed of a plurality of drilling sections, and each drilling section comprises a starting point coordinate, an end point coordinate, an exposed stratum code number, a unique stratum serial number and color attributes for distinguishing different stratum lithologies.
And completing three-dimensional automatic modeling of geology of all urban blocks based on the survey data and the topological structure geological profile, wherein the extraction of complete layer data is included, traversing geological lines endowed with geological attributes on all drilling stratum data and the topological structure geological profile, counting the times of first occurrence of a drilling section with the same stratum code number as that of the current drilling section of the first drilling in all the drilling holes from the first drilling section of the first drilling hole, and if the times are the same as the number of the drilling holes and the geological lines endowed with the same geological attributes on the topological structure geological profile on the boundary of the urban blocks continuously appear, determining that the complete layer data exist.
And completing geological three-dimensional automatic modeling of all urban blocks based on the survey data and the topological structure geological profile, wherein the formation interface is created by fitting and generating a smoother geological surface comprising a complete layer interface and an incomplete layer interface through formation unit data by adopting a Kriging interpolation algorithm. The complete layer interface refers to an interface where all borehole and topological geological profiles reveal a certain stratum, and is created based on complete layer data. The incomplete layer interface refers to stratum interfaces partially exposed by all drill holes and topological geological profiles, and virtual uncovering points are introduced into the drill holes with stratum missing to supplement data of the incomplete layer. The virtual exposure point is positioned above the missing point of the stratum of the drilled hole, the distance of the virtual exposure point is the accumulated virtual thickness, and the space form of the interface of the incomplete layer can be restrained, so that the position of the entity of the incomplete layer of the stratum between the drilled holes can be reasonably extinguished.
Through the extracted stratigraphic unit data, a smooth geological curved surface is generated by fitting by adopting a Kriging interpolation algorithm, and comprises a complete layer interface and an incomplete layer interface, as shown in fig. 5 and 6. The complete layer interface refers to the interface of all drill holes and topological geological profiles exposing a certain stratum, and is created based on the data of the complete layer. The incomplete layer interface refers to stratum interfaces partially exposed by all drill holes and topological geological profiles, and virtual uncovering points are introduced into the drill holes with stratum missing for supplementing data of the incomplete layer.
The three-dimensional automatic modeling of the urban block geology is to respectively perform complete layer entity segmentation and incomplete layer entity segmentation on an original geologic body through the created complete layer interface and incomplete layer interface, endow geology and color attributes to the segmented stratigraphic body, and finally complete the automatic modeling of a stratigraphic model. The method comprises the following steps of cutting an original topographic form by utilizing an established complete layer interface, and dividing the cut topographic form into one or more complete layer entities; the incomplete layer entity segmentation is to further cut the complete layer entity by utilizing the incomplete layer interface in the complete layer entity. And finally, giving stratum and color attributes to all stratum entities, namely completing the automatic construction of the geological three-dimensional model based on the drilling data and the topological geological profile in the urban block, as shown in FIG. 7. And (3) completing the construction of the geological three-dimensional models of other urban blocks by adopting an automatic construction method of the geological three-dimensional models for the drilling data and the topological geological profile, as shown in figure 8. And if the drilling data are updated, traversing and searching the city block to which the drilling data belong according to the geometric coordinates of the updated drilling data, integrating the updated drilling data with the existing drilling data in the city block to which the drilling data belong, and combining a geological line with geological attributes on the geological section of the city block to finish the three-dimensional automatic modeling of the city block geology with the drilling data update by adopting the three-dimensional automatic modeling method of the city block geology.
S5: and (4) carrying out three-dimensional automatic modeling on the geology of the urban area. And sequentially splicing all the obtained geological three-dimensional models of the urban area blocks to enable the shared geological curved surfaces to be spliced into a geological curved surface, splicing the coplanar geological entities into a geological entity, keeping the geological properties of the spliced geological curved surface and the geological entity unchanged to obtain a complete geological three-dimensional model of the urban area block (as shown in figure 9), and obtaining an effect diagram for layering the stratum model in figure 9 in figure 10.
If the stratum segmentation under a certain exploration line is wanted to be known, the generated geological three-dimensional model of the urban area can be subjected to exploration line vertical cutting section to generate a two-dimensional geological profile map, and a user can be clearly and intuitively helped to quickly know the underground condition. And checking the connection at the boundary of the urban blocks to verify the applicability of the tool in processing seamless connection of the blocking modeling stratum interface.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The topological partition based three-dimensional automatic modeling method for the geology of the urban area is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: preparing survey data; collecting geological survey data of the urban parcel, and sorting the geological survey data into formatted data which can be identified by a computer; the urban area geological survey data collection comprises a topographic map, a drilling data table and a test data table; the survey data arrangement comprises the steps of gridding the surface of the ground, standardizing the stratum, formatting the data and removing bad data;
step S2: topological partitioning of urban districts; dividing a space managed by an urban parcel into a plurality of urban blocks by taking a transversely and longitudinally staggered traffic axis in the urban parcel as a partitioning boundary according to a topological partitioning rule and a sufficient survey data condition, wherein each urban block comprises one or more urban unit parcel;
step S3: drawing a geological section of an urban block interface; drawing geological profiles on the interfaces of all the city blocks based on the survey data near the interfaces of the city blocks, so that the adjacent city blocks share one geological profile, the geological lines of the adjacent geological profiles are continuous, and geological attributes are given to the geological lines;
step S4: three-dimensional automatic modeling and dynamic updating of the geology of the urban area; based on the survey data and the geological profile, three-dimensional automatic modeling is carried out on geology of all urban blocks to obtain urban block geological three-dimensional models, and when the survey data in a certain urban block changes, the corresponding geological three-dimensional models are dynamically updated;
step S5: three-dimensional automatic modeling of the geology of the urban parcel; automatically splicing all the geological three-dimensional models of the urban blocks to finish geological three-dimensional automatic modeling of the urban block;
the step S1 is specifically that the terrain surface gridding refers to gridding the terrain surface of the urban parcel according to the modeling precision requirement, and the grid density is uniform and excessive in the urban parcel; the stratum standardization is to establish a total sequence of the stratum of the urban parcel according to the drilling data; the data formatting is to input the drilling data and the test data into a database and arrange the drilling data and the test data into data which can be identified by a computer for modeling; the bad data elimination is bad data in collected survey data, the bad data are drilling data of drilling which is not finished and drilling data of which the hole depth is seriously inconsistent with peripheral drilling holes, or data of which the drilling points are inconsistent with stratum control points, and the bad data are eliminated in the preparation process of the survey data, so that the consistency, the correctness and the integrity of a modeling data source are ensured;
the step S2 is specifically that the city block topology partition is to extract nodes on the intersection points and axes of the traffic axes which are horizontally and vertically staggered as topology nodes, the topology nodes are sequentially connected to form a topology boundary, and a polygon range divided by the topology boundary forms a city block; the urban block must satisfy the following compatibility conditions in terms of topology: firstly, all city blocks should not exist independently of adjacent city blocks and have a common edge relationship with the adjacent city blocks; the outer boundaries of all the city blocks are self-closed;
the step S3 is specifically to draw the city block interface geological profile, where the drawing is based on survey data near the city block interface, the survey data reveals the stratum distribution near the city block interface, and the geological profiles are drawn along all the city block interfaces by combining geological experiences of geologists, so that adjacent city blocks share one geological profile, the geological lines of the adjacent geological profiles are continuous, and geological attributes are given to the geological lines;
the step S4 is specifically, wherein the city block geology three-dimensional automatic modeling specifically includes: firstly, extracting all stratigraphic unit hierarchical data in the drilling data in the urban block and the geological line on the geological profile drawn in the step S3 in the urban block, wherein the stratigraphic unit hierarchical data at least comprises a drilling hole number, a drilling hole section serial number and a stratigraphic code number; then traversing and searching stratum units exposed in all geological lines and drill holes according to the new and old sequences of all strata, defining a stratum unit set between the bottoms of the stratum units as a complete layer, and extracting bottom position data, a bottommost stratum code number, a starting drill hole segment sequence number set and a terminating drill hole segment sequence number set of the complete layer as complete layer data; secondly, stratum units which are not exposed in all drill holes are searched in the geological line and drill hole data complete layer sections, the stratum units are defined as incomplete layers, and according to top-down and stratum new and old sequences of the geological line and the drill hole sections, bottom position data and stratum codes of the incomplete layers are sequentially extracted to serve as incomplete layer data; finally, generating a complete layer interface according to the complete layer data, and sequentially shearing the earth form by using the complete layer interface to generate a complete layer entity; generating an incomplete layer interface according to the data interpolation of the incomplete layer, and sequentially shearing the complete layer entity by using the incomplete layer interface in the complete layer entity to generate an incomplete layer entity; combining the entity of the complete layer and the entity of the incomplete layer to obtain a geological three-dimensional model of the city block; the dynamic updating of the geological three-dimensional model of the urban block means that the urban block to which the drilling data belongs is searched in a traversing mode according to the geometric coordinates of the updated drilling data, the updated drilling data is integrated with the existing drilling data in the urban block to which the drilling data belongs, and geological lines with geological attributes on the geological section of the urban block are combined to complete geological three-dimensional automatic modeling of the urban block with the drilling data updated;
the step S5 is specifically to sequentially splice the multiple city block geological three-dimensional models obtained in the step S4, so that the shared geological curved surfaces are spliced into a geological curved surface, the coplanar geological entities are spliced into a geological entity, and the geological properties of the spliced geological curved surface and the geological entity are kept unchanged, so as to obtain a complete city slab geological three-dimensional model.
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