CN109110050B - Semi-submersible loading and unloading ship - Google Patents
Semi-submersible loading and unloading ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN109110050B CN109110050B CN201811063962.6A CN201811063962A CN109110050B CN 109110050 B CN109110050 B CN 109110050B CN 201811063962 A CN201811063962 A CN 201811063962A CN 109110050 B CN109110050 B CN 109110050B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N Heavy water Chemical compound [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- MPOKJOWFCMDRKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Au] MPOKJOWFCMDRKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
- B63B3/14—Hull parts
- B63B3/48—Decks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/16—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of lifts or hoists
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
Abstract
The semi-submersible loading and unloading ship comprises a floating box deck consisting of a plurality of ballast water tanks and pump tanks, wherein a plurality of box tanks are arranged on two sides of the floating box deck, inner side walls of the box tanks are provided with inner side plates, outer side plates are arranged on the outer walls of the box tanks, and at least two spaces for the ship to travel in are formed in the spaces between the inner side plates; the ship is characterized in that a plurality of upright posts are arranged on two sides of the ship body, a track deck is arranged on each upright post, a longitudinal traveling cart is arranged on each track deck, a transverse lifting trolley is arranged on each longitudinal traveling cart, and a lifting device is arranged on each transverse lifting trolley. By adopting the structure, the quick loading and unloading of cargoes between the vessels can be realized on water, and the two vessels can be directly driven into the semi-submersible loading and unloading vessel for unloading or loading. The invention has low cost and running cost, can achieve the effects of energy conservation and high efficiency, and can optimize and utilize the draft condition of the ship in various water depth channels. A stable and safe loading and unloading platform on water and between ships is obtained at lower cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ship loading and unloading equipment, in particular to a semi-submersible loading and unloading ship.
Background
In the marine industry, various ships have large-scale development equilibrium in recent years, and particularly, the maximum box loading amount of the marine container ship reaches or exceeds 20000 standard boxes, and the ore ship reaches 45 ten thousand tons; while China is greatly guiding the development of the river and sea the direct ship type also tends to be large. However, the development of the river-to-sea ship type of the Yangtze river gold waterway is limited by the draft, and the ship type with the same draft cannot be adopted in the full-river basin. The trend is that the ship form draft from the middle-stream wuhan harbor is about 6m, that of the ship form from below nanjing is about 12.5m, and that of the ship form from the upstream Chongqing is limited by 4.3m through the three gorges dam. However, during the water storage period of the three gorges reservoir, the gold channel of 600 kilometers from Chongqing to the three gorges dam can completely pass through the ship with 6m draft.
The existing three gorges ship lift is formally started, the ship type of the three gorges ship lift can navigate the container ship, the lifting capacity of the container ship is limited to 3000 tons in total weight, and the statistics show that the total weight of the container standard ship type capable of passing through the three gorges dam exceeds 3000 tons. Therefore, the container ship which needs to pass through the three gorges ship lift must pass through the three gorges dam by the deloader; the wharf and the water loading and unloading equipment for unloading and loading between ships are not arranged on the upper and the lower sides of the three gorges dam at the present stage.
Therefore, the invention provides an energy-saving loading and unloading ship which has low cost, good running economy and short, flat and fast loading and unloading operation, fully digs huge running energy of a gold channel of a inland river by utilizing the rich water depth of a three gorges reservoir area and a middle and downstream water-rich area by utilizing the opportunity of large-scale development of a good ship, fully digs huge potential energy of the rich water depth of each channel and is not wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a semi-submersible loading and unloading ship which can realize load shedding and loading between water ships. And the loading and unloading speed is high, the safety and reliability are realized, and the method can adapt to load shedding and loading of cargoes among ships with different draft.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the semi-submersible loading and unloading ship comprises a floating box deck consisting of a plurality of ballast water tanks and pump tanks, wherein a plurality of box tanks are arranged on two sides of the floating box deck, inner side walls of the box tanks are provided with inner side plates, outer side plates are arranged on the outer walls of the box tanks, and at least two spaces for the ship to travel in are formed in the spaces between the inner side plates;
The ship is characterized in that a plurality of upright posts are arranged on two sides of the ship body, a track deck is arranged on each upright post, a longitudinal traveling cart is arranged on each track deck, a transverse lifting trolley is arranged on each longitudinal traveling cart, and a lifting device is arranged on each transverse lifting trolley.
In a preferred scheme, a plurality of pumps are arranged in the pump cabin, and the pumps are connected with the ballast water cabin and are used for pumping water into the ballast water cabin or pumping water out of the ballast water cabin so as to adjust the draft of the ship body.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of bilge tunnel cabins are arranged below the buoyancy tank deck in the transverse direction.
In the preferred scheme, the box-type cabin sequentially forms a main deck, a crew deck and a ceiling deck from top to bottom.
In the preferred scheme, four anchor machines are arranged at the two ends of the ship body, inclined hawse pipes are arranged at the positions close to the two ends of the ship body, and anchor chain cabins are further arranged near the anchor machines.
In the preferred scheme, the anchor machine is of a double-anchor double-stranded structure.
In the preferable scheme, one end of the ship body is provided with a gallery bridge, and one end of the gallery bridge is hinged with the ship body and swings along the horizontal direction so as to be communicated with a port board and a starboard of the ship body.
In the preferable scheme, two gallery bridges are hinged with a port board and a starboard board of the ship body respectively, and a personnel channel is arranged at the top of each gallery bridge;
the gallery bridge is also connected with the ship body through a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the gallery bridge to swing.
In the preferred scheme, the upright posts are connected with a supporting frame, the supporting frame comprises a truss structure formed by horizontal rods, vertical rods and diagonal rods, and the upright posts and the supporting frame form a side wall supporting structure;
the top of the side wall supporting structures are fixedly connected with each other through a plurality of top bracing beams;
The number of the longitudinal traveling trolleys is multiple, and the number of the corresponding transverse lifting trolleys is also multiple.
In a preferred embodiment, the pontoon deck of the hull is positioned at a water line below the base line and above the full depth of water when the loaded and unloaded vessel is heavy loaded.
According to the semi-submersible type loading and unloading ship provided by the invention, through the structure, quick loading and unloading of cargoes between ships can be realized on water, and two ships can be directly driven into the semi-submersible type loading and unloading ship for unloading or loading. The invention has low cost and running cost, can achieve the effects of energy conservation and high efficiency, and can optimize and utilize the draft condition of the ship in various water depth channels. For example, load shedding is firstly carried out at one end of the dam, after the draft requirement is met, loading is carried out at the other end of the dam through a three gorges ship lock (4.3 m draft) or a ship lift (2.7 m draft), and the utilization rate of the draft capacity is greatly improved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a track deck of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a ceiling deck of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a crew deck of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the main deck of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic top view of the buoyancy deck according to the present invention.
In the figure: semi-submersible loading and unloading vessel 1, support frame 101, longitudinal traveling cart 102, column 103, transverse lifting cart 104, ceiling deck 105, hawser 106, anchor 107, hawser tank 108, ballast water tank 109, pump tank 110, rail 111, top bracing beam 112, crew deck 113, rail deck 114, pontoon deck 115, porch bridge 116, inner side plate 117, outer side plate 118, bilge tunnel tank 119, main deck 120, container vessel 2, container 3, water line 4.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
As shown in fig. 1-7, a semi-submersible loading and unloading ship is provided, wherein a buoyancy tank deck 115 consisting of a plurality of ballast water tanks 109 and pump tanks 110 is arranged at the bottom of a ship body, a plurality of box-shaped tanks are arranged at two sides above the buoyancy tank deck 115, inner side plates 117 are arranged on the inner walls of the box-shaped tanks, outer side plates 118 are arranged on the outer walls of the box-shaped tanks, and at least two spaces for the ship to travel in are formed in the spaces between the inner side plates 117; part of the tank-type tanks also serve as ballast water tanks 109.
The ship body is provided with a plurality of columns 103 on both sides, and preferably, the columns 103 in this example are positioned above the ceiling deck 105, the columns are provided with rail decks 114, grooves are formed in the inner sides of the columns near the top ends, the rail decks 114 are longitudinally paved in the grooves, and rails 111 are arranged on the rail decks 114. The rail deck 114 is provided with a longitudinal traveling cart 102 traveling along the rail 111, the longitudinal traveling cart 102 is provided with a transverse lifting trolley 104, and the transverse lifting trolley 104 is provided with a lifting device to load or unload cargoes between ships, such as containers, bulk carriers, timber and the like. The special hoisting equipment or grab bucket for replacing the hoisting device on the hoisting trolley 104 can be suitable for different types of goods. The track deck height is determined depending on the total height of the vessel in the voyage area, according to the suitable height that the highest building of the corresponding vessel can pass without obstacle into the inner side rails 117 on both sides of the semi-submersible loading and unloading vessel 1 of the present invention. The longitudinal direction in this example refers to the direction along the length of the hull, while the transverse direction refers to the direction along the width of the hull. Preferably, there are a plurality of the longitudinal traveling trolleys 102 and a plurality of the corresponding transverse lifting trolleys 104, so that the loading and unloading efficiency is greatly improved. Preferably, longitudinal proximity sensors are provided on the longitudinal traveling carriage 102 to avoid interference with each other.
Besides the loading function, the semi-submersible type design of the invention also forms a floating dock function with corresponding lifting force, has the function of carrying out ship rescue, rescue and maintenance on the ship according to different lifting force, and can be used as important rescue equipment for ensuring the water transportation safety of the channel.
Under the condition that the clearance height above the water surface is enough, the ship body can be always in a deep-draft state, so that the loading and unloading operation of the ship body has a very low gravity center, and the ship has a relatively large stability balance margin.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 7, a plurality of pumps are provided in the pump tank 110, and the pumps are connected to the ballast water tank 109 for pumping water into the ballast water tank 109 or pumping water out of the ballast water tank 109 to adjust the draft of the hull. In a preferred embodiment, in operation, the tank deck 115 of the hull is located below the water line 4 and the tank deck portion is located below the water line 4. That is, the pontoon deck 115 of the hull is positioned at a water line that is below the base line of the heavy load draft of the loaded and unloaded vessel plus a significant depth of water. In this example, the buoyancy deck 115 is at least 500mm from the bottom of the ship into which it is driven. Due to the effect of ballast water, the gravity center of the ship body is low, the stability and the richness of the ship are large, and the high safety coefficient of hoisting operation is ensured.
A preferred embodiment is shown in fig. 7, wherein a plurality of bilge tunnel tanks 119 are arranged in the transverse direction below the buoyancy tank deck 115. Bilge tunnel compartment 119 facilitates both personnel access and also facilitates the transverse stiffness of the hull.
In a preferred solution, as shown in fig. 1-7, the box-type tanks sequentially form a main deck 120, a crew deck 113 and a ceiling deck 105 from top to bottom to realize different functions, wherein the main deck 120 is mainly used for mooring a container ship 2 or other ships, the crew deck 113 is used for crew work and life, the ceiling deck 105 is used for personnel passing, and two sides are communicated through a corridor bridge 116.
In the preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, four anchors 107 are provided at the left and right sides of the two ends of the hull, inclined hawser pipes 106 are provided at the positions near the two ends of the hull, and anchor chambers 108 are provided near the anchors 107.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the anchor machine 107 is a double-anchor double-twisted structure. The anchor and the anchor chain are thrown out of the anchor ship to the periphery, the outlet of the anchor chain is positioned below the maximum draft of the anchor chain and the ship, and the anchor chain has a margin depth, so that friction can not be formed for other ship berthing operations, and the anchor ship is safe and reliable.
In a preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 2, a gallery bridge 116 is further arranged at one end of the ship body, and one end of the gallery bridge 116 is hinged with the ship body and swings along the horizontal direction so as to be communicated with the port board and the starboard board of the ship body. In a preferred scheme, two corridor bridges 116 are hinged with a port board and a starboard board of the ship body respectively, and a personnel channel is arranged at the top of the corridor bridges 116; preferably, the gallery bridge 116 is also coupled to the hull by hydraulic cylinders, and the gallery bridge 116 is driven to swing by the hydraulic cylinders. When the swing gallery bridges 116 on the two sides are closed and connected together during loading and unloading, so that personnel can pass through conveniently. When the loaded and unloaded ship is ready to be driven out of the semi-submersible loading and unloading ship 1, the gallery bridge 116 is opened, and the ship passes without obstruction.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the upright post 103 is connected with the supporting frame 101, the supporting frame 101 comprises a truss structure formed by horizontal rods, vertical rods and diagonal rods, and the upright post 103 and the supporting frame 101 form a side wall supporting structure;
in the preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the side wall support structures on both sides are fixedly connected by a plurality of top bracing beams 112; the top bracing beam 112 in this example is of a flower-frame saddle configuration for ease of installation and connection.
The ship which is communicated with the ship lock of the three gorges can only draft by 4.3m, the ship draft can reach 6m in the water-enlarging period below the dam, the three gorges reservoir area can also reach 6m draft, and the technical problem that the gold water channel is unfavorable for the dredging carrying capacity of the gold water channel when the full-Yangtze trunk reaches 6m in the water-enlarging period or the navigable draft is larger than the limit of 4.3m draft is solved by respectively configuring the semi-submerged loading and unloading ship 1 and a plurality of transfer ships at the upstream and downstream of the three gorges dam.
When the draft reaches the destination port and can not enter the midstream voyage section for 6m, the semi-submersible loading and unloading ship can be used for unloading the cargoes of the ship with the draft of 12.5m to the next or more lower-grade draft ships, and the respective draft capacity can be fully exerted through quick loading and unloading. Correspondingly, the cargoes on the smaller draft vessel can be quickly and directly unloaded to the downstream river-sea direct ship.
By adopting the same method, the semi-submersible loading and unloading ship is applicable to all channels of sea ships, river-sea direct ships, main flow ships and tributary ships. The reverse running can be applied to all sea ways from a tributary ship, a main current ship, a river-sea direct ship and a sea ship.
The main power equipment adopts shore power or clean energy power to generate electricity and supply power.
The invention can be combined with the floating leaning ship Increase at will to form a shore-through boat bridge which is connected with the shore.
The invention can be combined with a natural gas fuel power generation ship to use a clean energy power supply. The invention can also be applied to loading, unloading and transferring LNG tank containers of LNG ships.
Example 2:
Based on the embodiment 1, a semi-submersible loading and unloading ship has the following main parameters:
The total length is 140.2m; the length of the buoyancy tank is 139.2 m; the length of the dock wall is 139.2 m; a profile width of 45.00 m; an inner width of 36.00 m; the width of the dock wall is 4.5 m; track deck 34.8 m from baseline; the top deck is 16.00 m from baseline; main deck 11.4 m from baseline; center line of buoyancy tank deck 3.6 m from baseline; outer dock wall of buoyancy tank deck 3.0 m from baseline; 10.2 m/6.6 m/1.2 m draft/topside above maximum submerged/buoyancy tank deck; full ship rib pitch 0.6m; the width range of the beam arch, namely 1800 m at the center line is horizontal, and the two sides are in straight line transition to the side of 0.6m; the floating time is 180min; the number of the ballast water tanks is 32; 8 pump cabins; 1000m 3/h multiplied by 8 of suction and drainage pumps; at least 40t×3 cranes; the anchor machine comprises 4 twisted pairs with the chain diameter of 60 mm; traction mooring winch 2; the main power supply 380V shore power/380V fire-fighting energy power generation ship supplies power; a standby water source LNG fuel power generation ship; design specification CCS. The invention has larger plane dimension, the working state is the semi-submerged ballast state, the stability balance is more standard, and the invention is more beneficial to the safe operation of the crane.
The specific operation flow is as follows:
The semi-submersible loading and unloading ship 1 leaves the factory after finishing, moves to the anchor ground, is connected with a temporary power supply, and is anchored by an anchor throwing ship; and (3) switching on a shore power supply or a power supply of a power generation ship, starting each pump of the pump cabin in a control room by an operator, ballasting to the required sinking depth, and adjusting the semi-submerged height. The hoisting device is operated in a trial mode; and (3) determining that the state is normal, opening two ships which need to be assembled or disassembled into the semi-submersible type loading and unloading ship, starting the traction mooring winch of the ship to lead the ship to be stably moored to a proper position, starting the loading and unloading of the lifting device, completing the loading and unloading, opening the gallery bridge, and leaving the ship. The loading and unloading operation between the rapid water surface ships is completed through the steps. Greatly improves navigation efficiency.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without collision. The protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims, and the protection scope includes equivalent alternatives to the technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent replacement modifications within the scope of this application are also within the scope of the application.
Claims (2)
1. A semi-submerged formula loading and unloading ship, characterized by: the bottom of the ship body is provided with a buoyancy tank deck (115) formed by a plurality of ballast water tanks (109) and pump tanks (110), two sides of the buoyancy tank deck (115) are provided with a plurality of box-shaped tanks, the inner wall of each box-shaped tank is provided with an inner board (117), the outer wall of each box-shaped tank is provided with an outer board (118), and the space between the inner boards (117) forms at least two spaces for the ship to travel in;
A plurality of upright posts (103) are arranged on two sides of the ship body, a track deck (114) is arranged on the upright posts, a longitudinal traveling cart (102) is arranged on the track deck (114), a transverse lifting trolley (104) is arranged on the longitudinal traveling cart (102), and a lifting device is arranged on the transverse lifting trolley (104);
A plurality of pumps are arranged in the pump tank (110), and the pumps are connected with the ballast water tank (109) and are used for pumping water into the ballast water tank (109) or pumping water out of the ballast water tank (109) so as to adjust the draft of the ship body;
A plurality of bilge tunnel cabins (119) which are arranged along the transverse direction are arranged below the buoyancy tank deck (115);
the box-type cabin sequentially forms a main deck (120), a crew deck (113) and a ceiling deck (105) from top to bottom;
four anchor machines (107) are arranged at the two ends of the ship body, inclined hawser drums (106) are arranged at the positions close to the two ends of the ship body, and an anchor chain cabin (108) is further arranged near the anchor machines (107);
one end of the ship body is provided with a gallery bridge (116), and one end of the gallery bridge (116) is hinged with the ship body and swings along the horizontal direction so as to be communicated with a port board and a starboard of the ship body;
the two gallery bridges (116) are respectively hinged with the port side and the starboard side of the ship body, and a personnel channel is arranged at the top of the gallery bridge (116);
the gallery bridge (116) is also connected with the ship body through a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the gallery bridge (116) to swing;
The upright post (103) is connected with the support frame (101), the support frame (101) comprises a truss structure formed by a horizontal rod, a vertical rod and a diagonal draw rod, and the upright post (103) and the support frame (101) form a side wall supporting structure;
the top of the side wall supporting structures are fixedly connected with each other through a plurality of top bracing beams (112);
the number of the longitudinal traveling trolleys (102) is multiple, and the number of the corresponding transverse lifting trolleys (104) is also multiple;
When the ship works, the buoyancy tank deck (115) of the ship body is positioned below a base line when the loaded ship is loaded with heavy water, and a water level line (4) with a surplus water depth is added;
When the loading and unloading are carried out, the swinging gallery bridges (116) on the two sides are closed and connected together, so that personnel passing is facilitated; when the loaded and unloaded ship is ready to start the semi-submersible loading and unloading ship (1), the corridor bridge (116) is opened, and the ship passes without barriers;
in order to realize the quick loading and unloading of cargoes between the ship and the ship on water, two ships can directly open into semi-submerged loading and unloading ship, carry out the load shedding or loading.
2. A semi-submersible loading and unloading vessel according to claim 1 wherein: the anchor machine (107) is of a double-anchor double-twisted structure.
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CN201811063962.6A CN109110050B (en) | 2018-09-12 | 2018-09-12 | Semi-submersible loading and unloading ship |
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CN201811063962.6A CN109110050B (en) | 2018-09-12 | 2018-09-12 | Semi-submersible loading and unloading ship |
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CN109110050B true CN109110050B (en) | 2024-10-29 |
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CN112061314A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-11 | 宜昌东江造船有限公司 | LNG tank container suitable water area berthing reloading and reloading method |
CN113955042B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2024-07-16 | 武汉理工大学 | General mounting platform of marine structure |
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CN109110050A (en) | 2019-01-01 |
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