CN109097079B - Biomass pyrolysis system and method - Google Patents
Biomass pyrolysis system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109097079B CN109097079B CN201811128304.0A CN201811128304A CN109097079B CN 109097079 B CN109097079 B CN 109097079B CN 201811128304 A CN201811128304 A CN 201811128304A CN 109097079 B CN109097079 B CN 109097079B
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 101100314150 Caenorhabditis elegans tank-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000012075 bio-oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010364 biochemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011276 wood tar Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass pyrolysis system and a biomass pyrolysis method, which comprise a catalytic seal tank, a stirring and mixing tank and an electrothermal pyrolysis tank, wherein a fixed pad disc is arranged at the bottom of the catalytic seal tank, a discharge bent pipe is arranged at the lower right side of the catalytic seal tank, the stirring and mixing tank is fixedly connected to the right side of the discharge bent pipe, a liquid through pipe is connected to the right side of the stirring and mixing tank, the right end of the liquid through pipe is connected with the electrothermal pyrolysis tank, a liquid inlet port is arranged at the left side of the catalytic seal tank, a catalytic solution tank is arranged at the right side of the catalytic seal tank, an infusion column disc is communicated with the left side of the catalytic solution tank, a fixed spray head is connected to the left side of the infusion column disc, a rotating motor is arranged at the top of the stirring and mixing tank, a speed reducer is connected to the bottom of the. The invention has the advantages of no heat carrier, simple reaction process, uniform temperature distribution, high system thermal efficiency, more sufficient pyrolysis, less resource waste and low equipment cost, and is worthy of popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biochemical engineering, in particular to a biomass pyrolysis system and a biomass pyrolysis method.
Background
Pyrolysis of biomass refers to a process of converting biomass into low molecular substances such as charcoal, liquid, and gas by thermochemical conversion under the condition of isolating air or supplying a small amount of air. The biomass pyrolysis technology can convert biomass with low energy density, which is difficult to treat by a conventional method, into gas, liquid and solid products with high energy density by a continuous production process with lower cost, so that the volume of the biomass is reduced, and the biomass is convenient to store and transport. Meanwhile, chemicals with high added value can be extracted from the bio-oil.
Pyrolysis of biomass refers to a process of converting biomass into low molecular substances such as charcoal, liquid, and gas by thermochemical conversion under the condition of isolating air or supplying a small amount of air. The pyrolysis product comprises fuel oil, wood tar, wood gas, charcoal and the like, and if the temperature rise rate is more than 1000 ℃/s, the yield of the pyrolysis oil can reach more than 60%. Different pyrolysis products can be obtained by controlling the corresponding conditions (mainly reaction temperature, heating rate and retention time) parameters in the pyrolysis. The biomass pyrolysis technology can convert biomass with low energy density, which is difficult to treat by a conventional method, into gas, liquid and solid products with high energy density by a continuous production process with lower cost, so that the volume of the biomass is reduced, and the biomass is convenient to store and transport. Meanwhile, chemicals with high added value can be extracted from the bio-oil.
The traditional biomass pyrolysis system method is low in efficiency, the pyrolysis is not comprehensive enough, resource waste is easily caused, and the functionality is poor, so that how to design a biomass pyrolysis system and a biomass pyrolysis method becomes a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biomass pyrolysis system and a biomass pyrolysis method, which solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a living beings pyrolysis system and method, includes that catalysis seal pot, stirring blending tank and electric heat matter decompose the jar, the bottom of catalysis seal pot is equipped with fixed saucer, the right downside of catalysis seal pot is equipped with the discharge return bend, the right side fixed connection stirring blending tank of discharge return bend, the right side of stirring blending tank is connected and is led to the liquid pipe, the right-hand member that leads to the liquid pipe connects electric heat matter and decomposes the jar, the left side of catalysis seal pot is equipped with into liquid port, the right side of catalysis seal pot is equipped with the catalysis solution case, the left side of catalysis solution case communicates infusion column dish, fixed shower nozzle is connected in the left side of infusion column dish, the top of stirring blending tank is equipped with the rotating electrical machines, the speed reducer is connected to the bottom of rotating electrical machines, the bottom of speed reducer is rotated and is connected rotatory ax.
As a further preferable mode of the present invention, the outer side of the rotating shaft is wrapped with activated carbon convex balls, and stirring rods are uniformly distributed in the upper and lower equal distances of the rotating shaft.
As a further preferable mode of the present invention, an insulating barrier column is disposed inside the electrothermal electrolytic tank, pyrolysis electrodes are disposed inside the insulating barrier column, a temperature control assembly is disposed at the bottom of the electrolytic tank, and a liquid discharge port is disposed on the right side of the electrothermal electrolytic tank.
As a further preferable mode of the present invention, the temperature control assembly includes a heating resistor, a relay, and a temperature sensor, and the heating resistor, the relay, and the temperature sensor are integrally connected in a serial circuit.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a waste gas collection tank is provided on the upper right side of the electrothermal electrolytic tank, a gas-liquid separation plate is provided inside the waste gas collection tank, and a gas storage tank is connected to the upper right side of the waste gas collection tank.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the range of the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine is 1800-2400 r/min.
As a further preferable mode of the invention, the heating temperature of the temperature control component is controlled at 400-1200 ℃.
As a further preferred mode of the present invention, there is also included a pyrolysis method specifically as follows,
s1, firstly, carrying out catalytic processing treatment on the biomass, sending the raw material into a catalytic sealed tank, then sending liquid in the catalytic solution tank on the right side in a matching manner, and then fully soaking for 1.2-3.2h to ensure that the raw material fully contacts the catalytic solution;
s2, after the catalytic treatment is finished, feeding the raw materials into a stirring and mixing tank, performing high-speed centrifugal rotation, and adsorbing impurities by using activated carbon convex balls on the outer side of a stirring shaft rod in a matching manner, so as to ensure the purity of pyrolysis, wherein the stirring temperature is controlled to be 65-85 ℃, and the stirring is continued for 5-45 min;
s3, feeding the stirred raw materials into an electrothermal pyrolysis tank, controlling the temperature by using a temperature control assembly, and simultaneously performing electric energy pyrolysis by using a pyrolysis electrode in a matching manner to ensure pyrolysis and full dehydration of the raw materials;
and S4, collecting the waste gas in the pyrolysis process, replacing the gas storage tank in time, and keeping the gas pressure of the waste gas collection tank lower than 205 kPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has no heat carrier, simple reaction process, uniform temperature distribution and high system thermal efficiency, can carry out temperature-controlled pyrolysis through the temperature-controlled assembly, can collect waste gas in the reaction process to prevent pollution, can carry out catalysis and full mixing and dissolution before pyrolysis, has more full integral pyrolysis, less resource waste and low equipment cost, and is worthy of popularization.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a biomass pyrolysis system and method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a temperature control assembly of the biomass pyrolysis system and method of the present invention.
In the figure, a catalytic sealing tank-1, a stirring and mixing tank-2, an electrothermal electrolyte tank-3, a fixed pad-4, a discharge elbow-5, a liquid through pipe-6, a liquid inlet port-8, a catalytic solution tank-9, an infusion column tray-10, a fixed spray head-11, a rotating motor-12, a speed reducer-13, a rotating shaft rod-14, a stirring rod-15, an insulating barrier column-16, a pyrolysis electrode-17, a temperature control assembly-18, a liquid discharge port-19, a heating resistor-20, a relay-21, a temperature sensor-22, a waste gas collecting tank-23, a gas-liquid separation plate-24 and a gas storage tank-25.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: a biomass pyrolysis system and a method thereof comprise a catalytic sealing tank 1, a stirring and mixing tank 2 and an electrothermal pyrolysis tank 3, the bottom of the catalytic sealing tank 1 is provided with a fixed pad 4, the right lower side of the catalytic sealing tank 1 is provided with a discharge elbow 5, the right side of the discharge elbow 5 is fixedly connected with a stirring and mixing tank 2, the right side of the stirring and mixing tank 2 is connected with a liquid through pipe 6, the right end of the liquid through pipe 6 is connected with the electrothermal electrolytic tank 3, the left side of the catalytic sealed tank 1 is provided with a liquid inlet port 8, a catalytic solution tank 9 is arranged on the right side of the catalytic sealed tank 1, the left side of the catalytic solution tank 9 is communicated with an infusion column tray 10, the left side of the transfusion column disk 10 is connected with a fixed nozzle 11, the top of the stirring and mixing tank 2 is provided with a rotating motor 12, the bottom of the rotating motor 12 is connected with a speed reducer 13, and the bottom of the speed reducer 13 is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft 14.
The outer side of the rotating shaft lever 14 is wrapped with activated carbon convex balls, and stirring rods 15 are uniformly distributed on the upper portion and the lower portion of the rotating shaft lever 14 at equal intervals.
The inside of the electric heating electrolyte decomposition tank 3 is provided with an insulating barrier column 16, the inner side of the insulating barrier column 16 is provided with a pyrolysis electrode 17, the bottom of the electric heating electrolyte decomposition tank 3 is provided with a temperature control assembly 18, and the right side of the electric heating electrolyte decomposition tank 3 is provided with a liquid discharge port 19.
The temperature control assembly 18 comprises a heating resistor 20, a relay 21 and a temperature sensor 22, wherein the heating resistor 20, the relay 21 and the temperature sensor 22 are integrally connected in a serial circuit.
The upper right side of electrothermal pyrolysis jar 3 is equipped with waste gas collection tank 23, the inside of waste gas collection tank 23 is equipped with gas-liquid separation board 24, gas holder 25 is connected to the upper right side of waste gas collection tank 23.
The range of the rotation speed of the rotating electrical machine 12 is 1800-2400 r/min.
The heating temperature of the temperature control assembly 18 is controlled at 400-1200 ℃.
Also included are pyrolysis processes which are embodied as follows,
s1, firstly, carrying out catalytic processing treatment on the biomass, sending the raw material into a catalytic sealed tank, then sending liquid in the catalytic solution tank on the right side in a matching manner, and then fully soaking for 1.2-3.2h to ensure that the raw material fully contacts the catalytic solution;
s2, after the catalytic treatment is finished, feeding the raw materials into a stirring and mixing tank, performing high-speed centrifugal rotation, and adsorbing impurities by using activated carbon convex balls on the outer side of a stirring shaft rod in a matching manner, so as to ensure the purity of pyrolysis, wherein the stirring temperature is controlled to be 65-85 ℃, and the stirring is continued for 5-45 min;
s3, feeding the stirred raw materials into an electrothermal pyrolysis tank, controlling the temperature by using a temperature control assembly, and simultaneously performing electric energy pyrolysis by using a pyrolysis electrode in a matching manner to ensure pyrolysis and full dehydration of the raw materials;
and S4, collecting the waste gas in the pyrolysis process, replacing the gas storage tank in time, and keeping the gas pressure of the waste gas collection tank lower than 205 kPa.
The parameter table of the method of the invention is as follows: TABLE 1
The conventional parameter table is as follows: TABLE 2
The invention is clearly better as shown in tables 1 and 2.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of no heat carrier, simple reaction process, uniform temperature distribution and high system thermal efficiency, can carry out temperature control pyrolysis through the temperature control assembly, can collect waste gas in the reaction process to prevent pollution, can carry out catalysis and full mixing and dissolution before pyrolysis, has more full integral pyrolysis, less resource waste and low equipment cost, and is worthy of popularization.
The invention relates to a catalytic sealed tank-1, a stirring and mixing tank-2, an electrothermal electrolyte tank-3, a fixed pad-4, a discharge elbow-5, a liquid-passing pipe-6, a liquid inlet port-8, a catalytic solution tank-9, an infusion column disk-10, a fixed spray head-11, a rotating motor-12, a speed reducer-13, a rotating shaft-14, a stirring rod-15, an insulating barrier column-16, a pyrolysis electrode-17, a temperature control component-18, a liquid outlet port-19, a heating resistor-20, a relay-21, a temperature sensor-22, a waste gas collecting tank-23, a gas-liquid separating plate-24 and a gas storage tank-25, wherein the components are all universal standard components or components known by technical manuals, and the structure and the principle of the invention can be known by technical manuals or conventional experimental methods, the invention solves the problems that the traditional biomass pyrolysis system method has low efficiency, incomplete pyrolysis, easy resource waste and poor functionality. The invention has the advantages of no heat carrier, simple reaction process, uniform temperature distribution, high system thermal efficiency, more sufficient pyrolysis, less resource waste and low equipment cost, and is worthy of popularization.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a living beings pyrolysis system, includes catalytic seal jar (1), stirring blending tank (2) and electric pyrolytic matter jar (3), its characterized in that: a fixed pad disc (4) is arranged at the bottom of the catalytic sealed tank (1), a discharge bent pipe (5) is arranged at the lower right side of the catalytic sealed tank (1), the right side of the discharge elbow (5) is fixedly connected with a stirring and mixing tank (2), the right side of the stirring and mixing tank (2) is connected with a liquid through pipe (6), the right end of the liquid through pipe (6) is connected with the electrothermal electrolytic tank (3), the left side of the catalytic sealed tank (1) is provided with a liquid inlet port (8), a catalytic solution tank (9) is arranged on the right side of the catalytic sealed tank (1), the left side of the catalytic solution tank (9) is communicated with an infusion column disc (10), the left side of the transfusion column disc (10) is connected with a fixed spray head (11), the top of the stirring and mixing tank (2) is provided with a rotating motor (12), the bottom of the rotating motor (12) is connected with a speed reducer (13), and the bottom of the speed reducer (13) is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft rod (14); the outer side of the rotating shaft lever (14) is wrapped with activated carbon convex balls, and stirring rods (15) are uniformly distributed on the rotating shaft lever (14) at equal intervals from top to bottom; the upper right side of electrothermal pyrolysis jar (3) is equipped with waste gas collection tank (23), the inside of waste gas collection tank (23) is equipped with gas-liquid separation board (24), gas holder (25) are connected to the upper right side of waste gas collection tank (23).
2. The biomass pyrolysis system of claim 1, wherein: the inside of electrothermal pyrolysis jar (3) is equipped with insulating bumping post (16), the inboard of insulating bumping post (16) all is equipped with pyrolysis electrode (17), the bottom of electrothermal pyrolysis jar (3) is equipped with accuse temperature subassembly (18), the right side of electrothermal pyrolysis jar (3) is equipped with flowing back port (19).
3. A biomass pyrolysis system according to claim 2, wherein: accuse temperature subassembly (18) are including heating resistor (20), relay (21) and temperature sensor (22), heating resistor (20), relay (21) and temperature sensor (22) are whole to be serial circuit and connect.
4. The biomass pyrolysis system of claim 1, wherein: the rotating speed range section of the rotating motor (12) is 1800-2400 r/min.
5. A biomass pyrolysis system according to claim 2, wherein: the heating temperature of the temperature control component (18) is controlled at 400-1200 ℃.
6. A pyrolysis method using a biomass pyrolysis system of claim 1, wherein: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s1, firstly, carrying out catalytic processing treatment on the biomass, sending the raw material into a catalytic sealed tank, then sending liquid in the catalytic solution tank on the right side in a matching manner, and then fully soaking for 1.2-3.2h to ensure that the raw material fully contacts the catalytic solution;
s2, after the catalytic treatment is finished, feeding the raw materials into a stirring and mixing tank, performing high-speed centrifugal rotation, and adsorbing impurities by using activated carbon convex balls on the outer side of a stirring shaft rod in a matching manner, so as to ensure the purity of pyrolysis, wherein the stirring temperature is controlled to be 65-85 ℃, and the stirring is continued for 5-45 min;
s3, feeding the stirred raw materials into an electrothermal pyrolysis tank, controlling the temperature by using a temperature control assembly, and simultaneously performing electric energy pyrolysis by using a pyrolysis electrode in a matching manner to ensure pyrolysis and full dehydration of the raw materials;
and S4, collecting the waste gas in the pyrolysis process, replacing the gas storage tank in time, and keeping the gas pressure of the waste gas collection tank lower than 205 kPa.
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