CN109053166A - 一种高纯高性能中性干振料及其制备方法和使用方法 - Google Patents
一种高纯高性能中性干振料及其制备方法和使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 magnesium aluminate Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高纯高性能中性干振料及其制备方法和使用方法,由下列组分的原料制成:白刚玉骨料25%‑35%,150‑30目的细颗粒15%‑45%,50‑100目的细粉15%‑45%,纳米氮化硼1%‑2%,ZrO24‑8%,纳米碳化硼1%‑2%,硅粉1.5%‑3.5%;其中,所述细颗粒由刚玉和97%的电熔镁砂所组成,细粉由α‑氧化铝粉、白刚玉和99%的高纯海水镁砂组成。采用高纯刚玉以及镁砂添加氧化锆的方式,增强了抗侵蚀能力,高温下氧化铝跟氧化镁形成铝镁尖晶石。ZrO2在高温下能促进尖晶石的长大,ZrO2还具有对硅酸盐相的不润湿性而使之以孤立聚集体存在,显著改善了该类耐火材料的显微结构,增强了化学稳定性,高纯原料的使用大大增加了材料的耐火性能,使其最高使用温度到达1800℃以上,使之具有优异的高温性能和很高的使用性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于冶炼技术领域,具体涉及一种用于中频感应炉的具有综合特殊优势的高纯高性能中性干振料及其制备方法和使用方法。
背景技术
在铸钢使用中频感应电炉熔炼时,现在市场上普遍使用的是富铝原位生成尖晶石基(Al2O3-Al2O3-MgO)中性干振料。虽然比传统的碱性、酸性、或其他种类干振料有着明显的综合优势,但依然存在炉衬体积稳定性较差、容易裂纹及剥落并被野蛮操作(如投料)机械损毁而使炉衬不耐用的情况,且在特别高温使用(1700℃以上)不连续的生产条件下炉衬过快损坏。
发明内容
为了克服目前普遍存在的上述技术问题,本发明公开一种通过提高体系组分的纯度,特别是改进和优化基质化学成分及烧结活性,有效提高炉衬的耐火度、抗机械冲击性、化学侵蚀性及抗热震性等综合优势的高性能中性干振料及生产方法。这种材料的另外一个特点是极高的耐高温性能和耐火度,最高使用温度可达1800℃以上。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采取的技术方案为:
一种高性能中性干振料,以质量分数计,由下列组分的原料制成:白刚玉骨料25%-35%,150-30目的细颗粒 15%-45%,50-100目的细粉 15%-45%,纳米氮化硼 1%-2%,ZrO2 4-8%,纳米碳化硼 1%-2%,硅粉 1.5%-3.5%;
其中,所述细颗粒由高纯刚玉和97%的电熔镁砂所组成,细粉由α-氧化铝粉、白刚玉和99%的高纯海水镁砂组成。
优选的,以质量分数计,白刚玉骨料30%,150-30目的细颗粒 30%,50-100目的细粉30%,纳米氮化硼 1.5%,ZrO2 5%,碳化硼 1.5%,硅粉 2%。
优选的,所述白刚玉骨料的粒度为1-5 mm,硅粉的粒度小于0.05mm,纳米氮化硼、碳化硼的粒径为40-80nm,ZrO2的粒度小于0.05mm。
优选的,所述细颗粒中刚玉和电熔镁砂的重量比为1:1-3;细粉中α-氧化铝粉、白刚玉和高纯海水镁砂的重量比为1:0.5-1.5:1-3。
本发明还要求保护所述高性能中性干振料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)原料准备:准备制备干振料的各组分原料,保证各原料的含水量不超过0.3%,以及所有原料的粒度和粒径复合标准;
(2)将符合步骤(1)标准的白刚玉骨料、细颗粒、细粉、纳米氮化硼、ZrO2、纳米碳化硼、硅粉按比例加入强制混料机充分混匀,即得。
本发明还要求保护所述高性能中性干振料的使用方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将符合标准的白刚玉骨料、细颗粒、细粉、纳米氮化硼、ZrO2、纳米碳化硼、硅粉按比例加入强制混料机充分混匀,即得干振料;
(2)将步骤(1)混合好的成品料进行中频感应电炉施工应用:将制备好的炉衬料分两次填充于炉底,每次加料采用排气叉排气5-6遍,然后用平头压板震动压实4遍,并且每次加料前充分刮毛;放入钢模后按照上述同样方法打制,每次加料厚度120mm,直至打制炉口部分,炉内添加废钢,送电以150℃/小时的温度升温至1100℃,并保温2个小时,再继续缓慢熔化至满炉后将温度提高至1800℃,保温2个小时使炉衬料进行充分烧结。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
(1)本发明高强度中性干振料及其生产方法,采用高纯刚玉以及镁砂添加氧化锆的方式,增强了抗侵蚀能力,高温下氧化铝跟氧化镁形成铝镁尖晶石。ZrO2在高温下能促进尖晶石的长大,ZrO2还具有对硅酸盐相的不润湿性而使之以孤立聚集体存在,从而显著改善了该类耐火材料的显微结构,增强了化学稳定性,高纯原料的使用大大增加了材料的耐火性能,使的最高使用温度可到达1800℃以上,提高材料的抗侵蚀性能,使之具有优异的综合高温性能和很高的使用性能;
(2)本发明中纳米氮化硼和纳米碳化硼在高温下能够与镁铝尖晶石形成镁铝尖晶石-纳米氮化硼-纳米碳化硼复合耐火材料,显著改善材料的抗机械冲击性和化学侵蚀性能力;
(3)本发明所制备的干振料性能优异,其抗钢水熔蚀指数为小于6%,耐压强度为大于60Mpa,作为炉衬使用时的寿命达到400炉,综合性能十分优异。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种高性能中性干振料,以重量份计,按下列组分的原料配料:白刚玉骨料30份,150-30目的细颗粒 30份,50-100目的细粉 30份,纳米氮化硼 1.5份,ZrO2 5份,纳米碳化硼1.5份,硅粉 2份;
其中,所述细颗粒由刚玉和97%的电熔镁砂所组成,细粉由α-氧化铝粉、白刚玉和99%的高纯海水镁砂组成;所述细颗粒中刚玉和电熔镁砂的重量比为1:2;细粉中α-氧化铝粉、白刚玉和高纯海水镁砂的重量比为1:1:2。
所述高性能中性干振料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)原料准备:准备制备干振料的各组分原料,保证各原料的含水量不超过0.3%,以及所有原料的粒度和粒径复合标准;
(2)将符合步骤(1)标准的白刚玉骨料、细颗粒、细粉、纳米氮化硼、ZrO2、纳米碳化硼、硅粉按比例加入强制混料机充分混匀,即得。
上述高性能中性干振料的使用方法,具体步骤如下:将步骤(1)制备好的成品料进行中频感应电炉施工应用:将制备好的炉衬料分两次填充于炉底,每次加料采用排气叉排气5-6遍,然后用平头压板震动压实4遍,并且每次加料前充分刮毛;放入钢模后按照上述同样方法打制,每次加料厚度120mm,直至打制炉口部分,炉内添加废钢,送电以150℃/小时的温度升温至1100℃,并保温2个小时,再继续缓慢熔化至满炉后将温度提高至1800℃,保温2个小时使炉衬料进行充分烧结。
另外,经过测定:本实施例制备的干振料抗钢水熔蚀指数为4.6%,600℃导热系数为20.4w/mK,抗压强度为68Mpa,高温抗折强度5.6Mpa,作为炉衬使用时的寿命为400炉。
实施例2
一种高性能中性干振料,以重量份计,按下列组分的原料配料:白刚玉骨料30份,150-30目的细颗粒 30份,50-100目的细粉 30份,纳米氮化硼 2份,ZrO2 5份,纳米碳化硼 1份,硅粉 2份;
其中,所述细颗粒由刚玉和97%的电熔镁砂所组成,细粉由α-氧化铝粉、白刚玉和99%的高纯海水镁砂组成;所述细颗粒中刚玉和电熔镁砂的重量比为1:1.5;细粉中α-氧化铝粉、白刚玉和高纯海水镁砂的重量比为1:0.5:1。
所述高性能中性干振料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)原料准备:准备制备干振料的各组分原料,保证各原料的含水量不超过0.3%,以及所有原料的粒度和粒径复合标准;
(2)将符合步骤(1)标准的白刚玉骨料、细颗粒、细粉、纳米氮化硼、ZrO2、纳米碳化硼、硅粉按比例加入强制混料机充分混匀,即得。
经过测定:本实施例制备的干振料抗钢水熔蚀指数为4.9%,600℃导热系数为19.6w/mK,抗压强度为64Mpa,高温抗折强度5.5Mpa,作为炉衬使用时的寿命为400炉。
实施例3
一种高性能中性干振料,以重量份计,按下列组分的原料配料:白刚玉骨料30份,150-30目的细颗粒 30份,50-100目的细粉 30份,纳米氮化硼 2份,ZrO2 4份,纳米碳化硼 2份,硅粉 2份;
其中,所述细颗粒由刚玉和97%的电熔镁砂所组成,细粉由α-氧化铝粉、白刚玉和99%的高纯海水镁砂组成;所述细颗粒中刚玉和电熔镁砂的重量比为1:2;细粉中α-氧化铝粉、白刚玉和高纯海水镁砂的重量比为1:1:1。
所述高性能中性干振料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)原料准备:准备制备干振料的各组分原料,保证各原料的含水量不超过0.3%,以及所有原料的粒度和粒径复合标准;
(2)将符合步骤(1)标准的白刚玉骨料、细颗粒、细粉、纳米氮化硼、ZrO2、纳米碳化硼、硅粉按比例加入强制混料机充分混匀,即得。
经过测定:本实施例制备的干振料抗钢水熔蚀指数为5.1%,600℃导热系数为22.4w/mK,抗压强度为66Mpa,高温抗折强度5.6Mpa,作为炉衬使用时的寿命为400炉。
对比例1
一种中性干振料,以重量份计,按下列组分的原料配料:白刚玉骨料30份,150-30目的细颗粒30份,50-100目的细粉 30份,ZrO2 5份,硅粉 5份;
其中,所述细颗粒由刚玉和97%的电熔镁砂所组成,细粉由α-氧化铝粉、白刚玉和99%的高纯海水镁砂组成;所述细颗粒中刚玉和电熔镁砂的重量比为1:2;细粉中α-氧化铝粉、白刚玉和高纯海水镁砂的重量比为1:1:2。
所述中性干振料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)原料准备:准备制备干振料的各组分原料,保证各原料的含水量不超过0.3%,以及所有原料的粒度和粒径复合标准;
(2)将符合步骤(1)标准的白刚玉骨料、细颗粒、细粉、ZrO2、硅粉按比例加入强制混料机充分混匀,即得。
经过测定:本实施例制备的干振料抗钢水熔蚀指数为12.7%,600℃导热系数为25.1w/mK,抗压强度为49Mpa,高温抗折强度4.3Mpa,作为炉衬使用时的寿命为300炉。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (6)
1.一种高性能中性干振料,其特征在于,以质量分数计,由下列组分的原料制成:白刚玉骨料25%-35%,150-30目的细颗粒 15%-45%,50-100目的细粉 15%-45%,纳米氮化硼 1%-2%,ZrO2 4-8%,纳米碳化硼 1%-2%,硅粉 1.5%-3.5%;
其中,所述细颗粒由高纯刚玉和97%的电熔镁砂所组成,细粉由α-氧化铝粉、白刚玉和99%的高纯海水镁砂组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高性能中性干振料,其特征在于,以质量分数计,白刚玉骨料30%,150-30目的细颗粒 30%,50-100目的细粉 30%,纳米氮化硼 1.5%,ZrO2 5%,碳化硼1.5%,硅粉 2%。
3.根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的高性能中性干振料,其特征在于,所述白刚玉骨料的粒度为1-5 mm,硅粉的粒度小于0.05mm,纳米氮化硼、碳化硼的粒径为40-80nm,ZrO2的粒度小于0.05mm。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的高性能中性干振料,其特征在于,所述细颗粒中刚玉和电熔镁砂的重量比为1:1-3;细粉中α-氧化铝粉、白刚玉和高纯海水镁砂的重量比为1:0.5-1.5:1-3。
5.一种权利要求1-4任一项所述高性能中性干振料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)原料准备:准备制备干振料的各组分原料,保证各原料的含水量不超过0.3%,以及所有原料的粒度和粒径复合标准;
(2)将符合步骤(1)标准的白刚玉骨料、细颗粒、细粉、纳米氮化硼、ZrO2、纳米碳化硼、硅粉按比例加入强制混料机充分混匀,即得。
6.一种权利要求1-4任一项所述高性能中性干振料的使用方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将符合标准的白刚玉骨料、细颗粒、细粉、纳米氮化硼、ZrO2、纳米碳化硼、硅粉按比例加入强制混料机充分混匀,即得干振料;
(2)将步骤(1)混合好的成品料进行中频感应电炉施工应用:将制备好的炉衬料分两次填充于炉底,每次加料采用排气叉排气5-6遍,然后用平头压板震动压实4遍,并且每次加料前充分刮毛;放入钢模后按照上述同样方法打制,每次加料厚度120mm,直至打制炉口部分,炉内添加废钢,送电以150℃/小时的温度升温至1100℃,并保温2个小时,再继续缓慢熔化至满炉后将温度提高至1800℃,保温2个小时使炉衬料进行充分烧结。
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