CN109056341B - Preparation method of flame-retardant and breathable automobile interior material - Google Patents
Preparation method of flame-retardant and breathable automobile interior material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109056341B CN109056341B CN201810874275.6A CN201810874275A CN109056341B CN 109056341 B CN109056341 B CN 109056341B CN 201810874275 A CN201810874275 A CN 201810874275A CN 109056341 B CN109056341 B CN 109056341B
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- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- -1 antimony trioxide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- YEAUATLBSVJFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraantimony hexaoxide Chemical compound O1[Sb](O2)O[Sb]3O[Sb]1O[Sb]2O3 YEAUATLBSVJFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037007 arousal Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)=O IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012796 inorganic flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021331 inorganic silicon compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M17/00—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics
- D06M17/04—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics by applying synthetic resins as adhesives
- D06M17/10—Polyurethanes polyurea
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/20—Polyalkenes, polymers or copolymers of compounds with alkenyl groups bonded to aromatic groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a flame-retardant and breathable automobile interior material, which comprises the following steps: (1) pre-treating; (2) preparation of Sb2O3(ii) a (3) Preparing a compound adhesive; (4) and (5) preparing the sun-shading cloth. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the waterborne polyurethane and silicon dioxide/antimony trioxide compound adhesive is applied to the field of automotive interior materials, the adhesive has strong bonding force, and a formed film is soft and uniformly dispersed among fabric layers, so that the obtained automotive interior material has the characteristics of flame retardance, light weight, good weather resistance, good air permeability, excellent strength and toughness, and the prepared product is green and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automotive interior trim, in particular to a preparation method of a flame-retardant and breathable automotive interior trim material.
Background
The sun-shading cloth for the automobile skylight is an important component of an automobile interior material and needs to meet the functions of sun shading, ventilation, flame retardance and the like. The flame retardant is used as a safety function, and has great significance for the automotive interior material, especially in hot summer, because the high-temperature weather happens occasionally through the automotive spontaneous combustion phenomenon, the research and development of the flame retardant material have great space for improving the automotive safety performance. At present, due to high flame retardant efficiency, the halogen-antimony synergistic flame retardant still occupies the leading position of the flame retardant market so far, and Sb2O3Is mainly applied to plastic products, rubber, paint, textiles and the likeFlame retardancy of the material. As the electronic and electric appliances and automobile industries in China increase, the consumption of flame retardants greatly rises, Sb2O3The application demand in the flame retardant field is rising year by year, but the antimony resource is over developed, and the consumption speed of antimony ore reserves is far higher than the increase speed of the exploitable reserves, so that the antimony ore reserves are seriously insufficient. In one aspect, Sb2O3When the synergistic halogen flame retardant is applied to a polymer material, the mechanical property of the material is damaged due to the strong polarity of the group; on the other hand, Sb2O3When the halogen flame retardant is used in cooperation with the halogen flame retardant, a large amount of corrosive and toxic smoke is released. With the arousal of environmental awareness, more and more environmental safety related regulations such as RoHS directive and Stockholm convention are proposed, which restrict the application of halogen flame retardants and lead to Sb2O3The use of (a) is affected. Therefore, how to reduce the consumption of antimony and develop high-efficiency halogen-free Sb2O3Synergistic flame retardants are now a problematic problem.
The inorganic silicon compound has better flame retardant effect no matter used as an additive of the polymer or formed into a blend with the polymer. Most of the flame-retardant high polymers are nontoxic and have little smoke, low combustion value and slow flame propagation speed, but are generally used together with other additives. Inorganic silicon flame retardant systems have been developed to date as follows: silica, glass fibers, microporous and low melting point glasses, silica/stannic chloride, silica/magnesium hydroxide, silica gel/potassium carbonate, silicate/ammonium polyphosphate (APP), hydrated silicon compounds/APP, and the like.
The water-based polyurethane is used as a novel adhesive, and is applied to an adhesive layer formed in the field of fabric bonding, so that the adhesive layer is soft in film forming, strong in weather resistance, free of peculiar smell, rich in elasticity and strong in adhesive force, and the strength, the toughness and the service life of the fabric are ensured. The polypropylene fiber has higher breaking strength, good weather resistance and sunlight aging resistance, and is widely applied to the fields of textile clothing and industrial textiles in daily life.
The waterborne polyurethane has strong bonding force, and a bonded film is light, thin and elastic; inorganic flame retardant SiO2For Sb2O3And carrying out coating composite modification on the particles. Except that because of SiO2Besides excellent flame retardant properties (low combustion value, slow flame propagation speed, etc.), it can also effectively improve the processability, mechanical properties and heat resistance of the base material. SiO 22Is eco-friendly, has no toxicity and less smoke in the action process, and can meet the strict requirements of people on the flame retardant. However how to combine SiO2/Sb2O3The composite flame-retardant particles and the waterborne polyurethane are simultaneously applied to the field of automotive interior trim, and the breathable and flame-retardant automobile skylight sun-shading cloth with the layered structure is prepared, which is not reported at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a flame-retardant and breathable automobile interior material, which aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and can ensure that the automobile skylight sunshade cloth has certain strength, good air permeability, flame retardance and other functions under the condition of light and thin thickness, and the prepared automobile skylight sunshade cloth is green and environment-friendly and has no peculiar smell.
The invention provides a preparation method of a flame-retardant and breathable automobile interior material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: cutting the polypropylene filaments into polypropylene staple fibers, and obtaining the needle-punched polypropylene non-woven fabric through net laying and needle punching reinforcement;
(2) preparation of Sb2O3: reacting SbCl3Dissolving in anhydrous ethanol, stirring, alcoholizing, adding surfactant, placing the reactor in an ultrasonic cleaner, setting treatment temperature, slowly adding ammonia water dropwise, stirring with ultrasonic wave, centrifuging, filtering, washing with ethanol and deionized water, filtering, drying, and grinding to obtain Sb2O3；
(3) Preparing a compound adhesive: sb thus obtained2O3Adding isopropanol, ammonia water mixed solution and template CTAB, dispersing by ultrasonic wave, stirring, slowly dripping TEOS diluted by isopropanol into a beaker, stirring and mixing, obtaining suspension after reaction, centrifuging the suspension at 1500r/min for 10min to obtain white gel, soaking in absolute ethyl alcohol, washing with deionized water, centrifuging, and finally placing the obtained colloid in an ovenDrying and grinding to obtain silicon dioxide/antimony trioxide composite particles, and mixing the silicon dioxide/antimony trioxide composite particles into an aqueous polyurethane solution to obtain a compound adhesive;
(4) preparing sun-shading cloth: and (2) spraying a compound adhesive on the needled polypropylene non-woven fabric obtained in the step (1), placing the warp-knitted polyester fabric below the needled polypropylene non-woven fabric, forming a film by the compound adhesive through hot pressing, bonding the needled non-woven fabric and the warp-knitted fabric, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the sunroof sun-shading cloth.
Preferably, the polypropylene staple fibers in step (1) have a length of 1-5 cm.
Preferably, the SbCl in the step (2)3The mass-volume ratio (g/ml) of the alcohol to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:5-10, the alcoholization temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the alcoholization time is 1-2 h.
Preferably, the treatment temperature of the ultrasonic processor in the step (2) is 35-45 ℃, the concentration of the ammonia water is 60% -100%, and the ultrasonic stirring time is 15-25 min.
Preferably, the drying temperature in the step (2) is 160-210 ℃, and the drying time is 1-3 h.
Preferably, the mass volume ratio of the mixed solution of the isopropanol and the ammonia water in the step (3) is 1:5-10g/ml, and the concentration of the ammonia water is 60% -100%.
Preferably, the temperature of the solution reacted with TEOS in the step (3) is 35-45 deg.C, and the stirring time is 4-8 h.
Preferably, the white gel in the step (3) is soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 24-72 h.
Preferably, the drying temperature of the colloid in the step (3) is 65-85 ℃, and the drying time is 2-4 h.
Preferably, the hot pressing temperature in the step (4) is 85-110 ℃, and the hot pressing time is 7-15 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the waterborne polyurethane and silicon dioxide/antimony trioxide compound adhesive is applied to the field of automotive interior materials, the adhesive has strong bonding force, and a formed film is soft and uniformly dispersed among fabric layers, so that the obtained automotive interior material has the characteristics of flame retardance, light weight, good weather resistance, good air permeability, excellent strength and toughness, and the prepared product is green and environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of an automotive interior material of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the synthesis of silica/antimony trioxide composite particles according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-needle-punched polypropylene non-woven fabric layer, 2-compound adhesive bonding layer and 3-terylene warp-knitted fabric layer.
Detailed Description
The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
A preparation method of a flame-retardant and breathable automobile interior material comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: cutting the polypropylene filaments into polypropylene staple fibers, and obtaining the needle-punched polypropylene non-woven fabric through net laying and needle punching reinforcement;
(2) preparation of Sb2O3: reacting SbCl3Dissolving in anhydrous ethanol, stirring, alcoholizing, adding surfactant, placing the reactor in an ultrasonic cleaner, setting treatment temperature, slowly adding ammonia water dropwise, stirring with ultrasonic wave, centrifuging, filtering, washing with ethanol and deionized water, filtering, drying, and grinding to obtain Sb2O3；
(3) Preparing a compound adhesive: sb thus obtained2O3Adding a mixed solution of isopropanol and ammonia water and a template CTAB, dispersing by ultrasonic waves, stirring, slowly dropwise adding TEOS diluted by isopropanol into a beaker, stirring and mixing, obtaining a suspension after the reaction is finished, centrifuging the suspension at 1500r/min for 10min to obtain white gel, soaking the white gel in absolute ethyl alcohol, cleaning the white gel with deionized water, centrifuging, drying the obtained colloid in a drying oven, grinding to obtain silicon dioxide/antimony trioxide composite particles, and mixing the silicon dioxide/antimony trioxide composite particles into an aqueous polyurethane solution to obtain a compound adhesive; based on hydrolysis and condensation of TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate) under alkaline conditionsPrinciple of the reaction on Sb2O3And carrying out silicon coating compounding on the particles, and simultaneously adding a template CTAB (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) to construct a silicon coating layer.
(4) Preparing sun-shading cloth: and (2) spraying a compound adhesive on the needled polypropylene non-woven fabric obtained in the step (1), placing the warp-knitted polyester fabric below the needled polypropylene non-woven fabric, forming a film by the compound adhesive through hot pressing, bonding the needled non-woven fabric and the warp-knitted fabric, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the sunroof sun-shading cloth.
The length of the polypropylene staple fibers in the step (1) is 1-5 cm.
The SbCl in the step (2)3The mass-volume ratio (g/ml) of the alcohol to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:5-10, the alcoholization temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the alcoholization time is 1-2 h.
In the step (2), the treatment temperature of the ultrasonic processor is 35-45 ℃, the concentration of the ammonia water is 60-100%, and the ultrasonic stirring time is 15-25 min.
The drying temperature in the step (2) is 160-210 ℃, and the drying time is 1-3 h.
In the step (3), the mass-volume ratio of the isopropanol to ammonia water mixed solution is 1:5-10g/ml, and the ammonia water concentration is 60% -100%.
The temperature of the solution reacted with TEOS in the step (3) is 35-45 ℃, and the stirring time is 4-8 h.
And (4) soaking the white gel in the step (3) in anhydrous ethanol at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 24-72 h.
The drying temperature of the colloid in the step (3) is 65-85 ℃, and the drying time is 2-4 h.
In the step (4), the hot pressing temperature is 85-110 ℃, and the hot pressing time is 7-15 min.
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: a preparation method of a flame-retardant and breathable automobile interior material comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: cutting the polypropylene filaments into 3cm polyester staple fibers, and lapping and needling to reinforce the polyester staple fibers to obtain a needled polypropylene non-woven fabric;
(2) preparation of Sb2O3: 5g of SbCl3Dissolved in absolute ethanol, SbCl3With anhydrous alcohol as the mass bodyAlcoholizing at 45 deg.C for 2 hr at a volume ratio (g/ml) of 1:5, adding surfactant, placing the reactor in an ultrasonic cleaner at 40 deg.C, slowly adding dropwise ammonia water with ammonia water concentration of 60%, stirring with ultrasonic wave for 20min, centrifuging, filtering, washing with ethanol and deionized water, filtering, drying at 200 deg.C for 2 hr, and grinding to obtain Sb2O3；
(3) Preparing a compound adhesive: sb2O3Adding a mixed solution of isopropanol and ammonia water (isopropanol: ammonia water is 3:8), wherein the mass-to-volume ratio (g/ml) is 1:5, the concentration of ammonia water is 60%, adding a certain amount of template CTAB, ultrasonically dispersing for 30min, stirring for 30min, slowly dropwise adding TEOS diluted by 20ml of isopropanol into a beaker, stirring for 6h at 40 ℃, obtaining a suspension after the reaction is finished, centrifuging the suspension at 1500r/min for 10min after the reaction is finished, soaking the obtained white gel in absolute ethyl alcohol at 60 ℃ for 48h, cleaning with deionized water, centrifuging again, finally placing the obtained colloid in a 65 ℃ oven, drying for 4h, and grinding to obtain the compound adhesive;
(4) preparing sun-shading cloth: and (2) spraying a compound adhesive on the needled polypropylene non-woven fabric obtained in the step (1), placing the warp-knitted polyester fabric below the needled polypropylene non-woven fabric, performing hot-pressing treatment at the hot-pressing temperature of 90 ℃ for 8min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the automobile skylight sunshade cloth.
As shown in figure 1, the silicon dioxide/antimony trioxide composite particles and the waterborne polyurethane compound adhesive are bonded with the upper fabric and the lower fabric, a bonding layer is formed between the fabrics in a film forming mode, and the film is uniformly dispersed among the fabric layers and among fabric fiber gaps, so that the air permeability of the fabric is excellent. The bonding layer of the compound adhesive has strong weather resistance, no peculiar smell, high elasticity and strong adhesive force, thereby ensuring the strength, toughness and service life of the fabric.
As shown in FIG. 2, CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) in Sb2O3The coating layer is constructed, TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate) is used as a silicon source, isopropanol is used as a solvent, ammonia water is used as a catalyst, the TEOS is hydrolyzed and condensed to perform a primary reaction, and then the reaction product is soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol at 65 ℃ to be alcoholized and strengthened to achieve a composite effect.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a flame-retardant and breathable automobile interior material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: cutting the polypropylene filaments into polypropylene staple fibers, and obtaining the needle-punched polypropylene non-woven fabric through net laying and needle punching reinforcement;
(2) preparation of Sb2O3: reacting SbCl3Dissolving in anhydrous ethanol, stirring, alcoholizing, adding surfactant, placing the reactor in an ultrasonic cleaner, setting treatment temperature, slowly adding ammonia water dropwise, stirring with ultrasonic wave, centrifuging, filtering, washing with ethanol and deionized water, filtering, drying, and grinding to obtain Sb2O3；
(3) Preparing a compound adhesive: sb thus obtained2O3Adding a mixed solution of isopropanol and ammonia water and a template cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, dispersing by ultrasonic waves, stirring, slowly dropwise adding tetraethyl orthosilicate diluted by isopropanol into a beaker, stirring and mixing, obtaining a suspension after the reaction is finished, centrifuging the suspension at 1500r/min for 10min to obtain white gel, soaking the white gel in absolute ethyl alcohol, cleaning by deionized water, centrifuging, placing the obtained colloid in a drying oven for drying, grinding to obtain silicon dioxide/antimony trioxide composite particles, and mixing the silicon dioxide/antimony trioxide composite particles into an aqueous polyurethane solution to obtain a compound adhesive;
(4) preparing sun-shading cloth: and (2) spraying a compound adhesive on the needled polypropylene non-woven fabric obtained in the step (1), placing the warp-knitted polyester fabric below the needled polypropylene non-woven fabric, forming a film by the compound adhesive through hot pressing, bonding the needled non-woven fabric and the warp-knitted fabric, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the flame-retardant and breathable automotive interior material.
2. The method for preparing a flame-retardant, breathable automotive interior material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the polypropylene staple fibers in the step (1) is 1-5 cm.
3. The method for producing a flame-retardant, breathable automotive interior material according to claim 1, characterized in thatCharacterized in that: the SbCl in the step (2)3The mass-volume ratio (g/ml) of the alcohol to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:5-10, the alcoholization temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the alcoholization time is 1-2 h.
4. The method for preparing a flame-retardant, breathable automotive interior material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the treatment temperature of the ultrasonic cleaner is 35-45 ℃, the concentration of the ammonia water is 60-100%, and the ultrasonic stirring time is 15-25 min.
5. The method for preparing a flame-retardant, breathable automotive interior material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drying temperature in the step (2) is 160-210 ℃, and the drying time is 1-3 h.
6. The method for preparing a flame-retardant, breathable automotive interior material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the mass-volume ratio of the isopropanol to ammonia water mixed solution is 1:5-10g/ml, and the ammonia water concentration is 60% -100%.
7. The method for preparing a flame-retardant, breathable automotive interior material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature of the solution reacted with tetraethyl orthosilicate in the step (3) is 35-45 ℃, and the stirring time is 4-8 h.
8. The method for preparing a flame-retardant, breathable automotive interior material according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (4) soaking the white gel in the step (3) in anhydrous ethanol at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 24-72 h.
9. The method for preparing a flame-retardant, breathable automotive interior material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drying temperature of the colloid in the step (3) is 65-85 ℃, and the drying time is 2-4 h.
10. The method for preparing a flame-retardant, breathable automotive interior material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (4), the hot pressing temperature is 85-110 ℃, and the hot pressing time is 7-15 min.
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| CN112500676A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-03-16 | 赵大力 | Easily-stripped, insulating, flame-retardant and waterproof high polymer material and preparation method thereof |
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