CN109041397A - A kind of microminiature neutron tube - Google Patents
A kind of microminiature neutron tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN109041397A CN109041397A CN201811071502.8A CN201811071502A CN109041397A CN 109041397 A CN109041397 A CN 109041397A CN 201811071502 A CN201811071502 A CN 201811071502A CN 109041397 A CN109041397 A CN 109041397A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H3/00—Production or acceleration of neutral particle beams, e.g. molecular or atomic beams
- H05H3/06—Generating neutron beams
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of microminiature neutron tubes, belong to fine measuring instrument technical field, microminiature neutron tube includes electrode, exhaust pipe, copperhead, upper mask, hydrogen isotope reservoir, earthing rod, cathode, magnet steel, anode, electronics shaping ring, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I, accelerates cylinder, target, lower mask, anode cap, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul III；Microminiature neutron tube proposed by the present invention, controlled diameter system reduce the diameter of neutron tube conscientiously, process and design the accelerator for neutron production of minor diameter with can be convenient within the scope of 15-20mm, meet the requirement such as oil well logging, hazardous material detection and medical applications；And by the design complexities for lowering neutron tube, cost is reduced, integration is optimized to all parts, finished product rate is improved, reduces the production cost of product.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fine measuring instrument technical fields, specifically, being related to a kind of microminiature neutron tube.
Background technique
In the world, the neutron tube usually diameter less than 30mm is referred to as Miniature neutron tube.The U.S. of Publication No. 4996017
Patent, the production method for describing a kind of Miniature neutron tube based on Penning ion source in detail, this kind of method can only make directly
Diameter is the neutron tube of 28mm -30mm.The neutron tube of the patent disclosure, by Penning ion source, high pressure resistant insulation sealing shell, deuterium
Tritium mixing drive-in target inhibits electrode and deuterium tritium mixing memory to constitute.The Penning ion source and high pressure resistant insulation sealing shell are straight
Diameter is equally big；High pressure resistant insulation sealing shell is shorter, and only about 110,000 volts of the high pressure being able to bear；Electrode is inhibited to be fixed on high pressure resistant
In the sealing of metal pipe of insulated enclosure shell, the diameter of target surface is about 11 millimeters or so.
The patent of the Miniature neutron tube of domestic Publication No. CN 1142448C and preparation method thereof, to above-mentioned United States Patent (USP)
The technological improvement that carries out of Miniature neutron tube, designed by not etc. thick high-voltage insulating tube, on the one hand improve neutron yield,
It ensure that electrostatic high-pressure simultaneously.It is stored by high pressure resistant insulation capsul, Penning ion source, target chamber, acceleration electrode, hydrogen isotope
Device is constituted.It is equipped with two hydrogen isotope reservoirs, can be weighed with a storage deuterium, a storage tritium gas in the later period
It newly is filled with gas, extends the service life of neutron tube.Its Penning ion source is made into sealing cover and cup-shaped by magnetic conductive metal material
It shell, the seal pipe being made by non-magnetic material and is welded together by the cathode base that permeability magnetic material is made into.Anode tap, exhaust pipe with
And the lead of hydrogen isotope reservoir is welded on sealing cover, the cup-shaped shell being made by permeability magnetic material is fixed on sealing-in pipe, sun
The becket being extremely made into non-magnetic material, it is fixed on anode tap.On the inner face of its cathode base and cup-shaped shell bottom
Portion plates the high metal film of secondary electron yield on the inner surface of anode and serves as cathode.Its high pressure resistant insulation capsul
It is high-voltage insulating tube thick by one end, that one end is thin, the both ends of sealing-in use side wall as the thick ring-like sealing of metal of three-decker
Component accelerates electrode, target chamber and Penning ion source to weld respectively from different sealing-in components.Its thick ring-like sealing of metal component
Overall diameter it is 6-8mm bigger than high-voltage insulating tube butt end overall diameter, reserve and the sliding of the internal diameter of outer cover of special accelerator for neutron production
Match.Thick annular sealing of metal component can function as a part of Penning ion source external magnetic circuit.The minus earth of Penning ion source
Current potential.One in hydrogen isotope reservoir is welded on inside the Penning ion source.Target chamber is by the particularly preferred gold of heating conduction
Belong to target matrix made of material and electrode is inhibited to constitute, electrode is inhibited to be fixed on target matrix by ceramic component insulation.Inhibit
The conducting wire in built-in electrical insulation airway that electrode passes through target matrix links together with for electrical lead.Target matrix inner end is thick, outer end is thin,
The diameter of its inner face is slightly less than the butt end interior diameter of high-voltage insulating tube, the diameter of outer end face and thin ring-like sealing of metal component
Interior diameter shiding matching.The overall diameter of target matrix is formed on inner face straight close to the tubbiness interior diameter of high-voltage insulating tube
Diameter and the more smaller hydrogen isotope target membrane of inner face diameter.Target chamber sidewall outer is equipped with deflection electronic magnetic iron, target chamber termination
Ground potential.Hydrogen isotope reservoir is welded on the outer end face of target matrix.
Existing Miniature neutron tube and processing method are the generator sizes in order to adapt to oil well logging, match neutron
Device and design, structure in such a way that the thick one end in one end is thin, substantially the size of neutron tube there is no really reduce, only
It is to reduce to accelerate cylinder lower end, the size of target chamber part does not have universality for others application.And the structure of the prior art
It is excessively complicated, it is connect using multiple layer metal boxing, is superimposed between device, although outside increases magnetic circuit space, ensure that ion source
Draw the intensity in magnetic field.The structure for also having cured neutron tube simultaneously can not make the neutron of smaller diameter without improved space
Pipe.
It uses double hydrogen isotope reservoir designs at target end, although partly improving the service life of neutron tube,
Also increase the complexity of the device and generator circuit around target matrix.So that the extraction of neutron can only be drawn from side, nothing
Method realizes the ability that the target direction of the needs such as current activation analysis and hazardous material detection is drawn.
And the prior art, since its structure is complicated, manufacture craft difficulty rises, and higher cost is unable to satisfy the need in market
It wants.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as background technique, the present invention provides a kind of microminiature neutron tube, controlled diameters
System reduces the diameter of neutron tube within the scope of 15-20mm conscientiously, and process and design minor diameter neutron with can be convenient occurs
Device meets the requirement such as oil well logging, hazardous material detection and medical applications；And pass through the design complexities for lowering neutron tube,
Cost is reduced, integration is optimized to all parts, finished product rate is improved, reduces the production cost of single-item.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The microminiature neutron tube includes electrode 1, exhaust pipe 2, copperhead 3, upper mask 4, hydrogen isotope reservoir 5, connects
Ground column 6, cathode 8, magnet steel 9, anode 10, electronics shaping ring 11, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I 12, accelerate cylinder 13, target 14,
Lower mask 15, anode cap 16, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II 17, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul III 18；
The copperhead 3 is welded in the upper inside wall of mask 4, and electrode 1 is welded on copperhead 3, the lower part of upper mask 4
It is welded with cathode 8, places magnet steel 9 in cathode 8, gas chamber 7 is formed between cathode 8 and copperhead 3, hydrogen isotope is installed in gas chamber 7
Reservoir 5, earthing rod 6 are located in gas chamber 7, and lower end is connected as one with cathode 8, and upper end and copperhead 3 weld；Exhaust pipe 2 is pacified
Mounted in the middle part of copperhead 3, it is connected to gas chamber 7；
The bottom of upper mask 4 and high pressure resistant I 12 sealing-in of graded insulation capsul, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I 12 is just
Lower section is provided with diameter and its consistent high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II 17, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I 12 with it is resistance to
Anode cap 16 is installed in the cavity that high-pressure subsection insulated enclosure shell II 17 is formed, anode 10 is installed on anode cap 16；
The bottom of high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II 17 and 11 sealing-in of electronics shaping ring, the upper surface of electronics shaping ring 11
Protrusion welds together with the lower edge of anode 10, the lower end of electronics shaping ring 11 and high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul III 18
Upper end seals, and interior intracavitary be provided with of high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul III 18 accelerates cylinder 13, high pressure resistant graded insulation
The bottom of capsul III 18 and the upper end of lower mask 15 are welded, and are welded with target 14 in lower mask 15.
Further, one or two hydrogen isotope reservoir 5 can be welded in the gas chamber 7.
Further, the hydrogen isotope reservoir 5 is made of zirconia material.
Further, the cathode 8 metal production high using electron emission coefficiency, magnet steel 9 is that can guarantee drawing for cathode 8
Magnetic field is the strong magnetic permanent magnet of 2300 Gausses out.
Further, the upper surface of described cover 4 is made of the metal of magnetic conduction.
Further, the high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I 12, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II 17, high pressure resistant
Graded insulation capsul III 18 is made by three of alumina ceramic material, and diameter is identical, length is different and can carry 130KV
The ceramic insulating tube of high pressure.
Further, the anode 10, electronics shaping ring 11 are all made of no magnetic metal and are made, and the inside of anode 10 is
One hollow cylinder.
Further, the middle part of the anode 10 is provided with an annular metal earrings, the outer diameter of earrings with high pressure resistant point
Section insulated enclosure shell I 12, high pressure resistant II 17 outer diameter of graded insulation capsul are in the same size, the external ear upper and lower end face of earrings respectively with
High pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I 12, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II 17 seal.
Further, the target 14 is the band bottom metallic cylinder knot being made into using the good metal material of no magnetic and thermal conductivity
Structure, the bottom with down payment category cylindrical structure be target matrix, target matrix outer diameter is identical as the internal diameter of lower mask 15, and with lower mask 15
Weld together, sealing-in ceramics on the inner face of target matrix, plated film becomes hydrogen isotope target.
Further, equipped with deflection permanent magnet 19 outside the bottom of target 14.
Further: the cathode 8 is integrated cold cathode cavity made of permeability magnetic material, and cavity lower end is cathode 8
Matrix, matrix lower end surface designs for concave hole, which is longitudinal Ion Extraction centre bore of cathode 8.
Further, the acceleration cylinder 13 is the up-narrow and down-wide cup-shaped barrel structure made of no magnetic metal material.
Further, upper mask 4, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I 12, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II 17, resistance to height
Press graded insulation capsul III 18, the outer diameter of target 14 is 15-20mm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Neutron tube controlled diameter system proposed by the present invention reduces the diameter of neutron tube within the scope of 15-20mm conscientiously, can be with
The accelerator for neutron production for easily processing and designing minor diameter, meets the requirement such as oil well logging, hazardous material detection and medical applications；
And by the design complexities for lowering neutron tube, cost is reduced, integration is optimized to all parts, improves finished product rate,
Reduce the production cost of single-item.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of invention.
In figure, 1- electrode, 2- exhaust pipe, 3- copperhead, the upper mask of 4-, 5- hydrogen isotope reservoir, 6- earthing rod, 7- gas
Room, 8- cathode, 9- magnet steel, 10- anode, 11- electronics shaping ring, the high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I of 12-, 13- accelerate cylinder, 14-
The high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II of mask, 16- anode cap, 17- under target, 15-, the high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul III of 18-,
19- electronic deflection permanent magnet.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention and attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, every other reality obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example is applied, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The microminiature neutron tube includes electrode 1, exhaust pipe 2, copperhead 3, upper mask 4, hydrogen isotope reservoir 5, connects
Ground column 6, cathode 8, magnet steel 9, anode 10, electronics shaping ring 11, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I 12, accelerate cylinder 13, target 14,
Lower mask 15, anode cap 16, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II 17, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul III 18.
The copperhead 3 is welded in the upper inside wall of mask 4, and electrode 1 is welded on copperhead 3, the lower part of upper mask 4
It is welded with cathode 8, places magnet steel 9 in cathode 8, gas chamber 7 is formed between cathode 8 and copperhead 3, hydrogen isotope is installed in gas chamber 7
Reservoir 5, earthing rod 6 are located in gas chamber 7, and lower end is connected as one with cathode 8, and upper end and copperhead 3 weld；Exhaust pipe 2 is pacified
Mounted in the middle part of copperhead 3, it is connected to gas chamber 7；Isotope reservoir 5 can have one or two, same using hydrogen made of zirconia material
The plain reservoir 5 in position, has very strong gettering ability to deuterium tritium gas, by adjusting the electric current of hydrogen isotope reservoir 5, to adjust
The temperature of hydrogen isotope reservoir 5 achievees the purpose that control 5 air-breathing of hydrogen isotope reservoir and deflation.
In the present invention, the lower weld cathode 8 of upper mask 4, cathode 8 is interior to place magnet steel 9, and magnet steel 9 is the strong magnetic of ferro-aluminum boron
Magnet, the magnetic field of magnet steel 9 constitute the main extraction magnetic field of ion source, guarantee that the extraction magnetic field of cathode 8 is 2300 Gausses.Cathode
8 be integrated cold cathode cavity made of permeability magnetic material, and cavity lower end is the matrix of cathode 8, and matrix lower end surface is concave hole
Design, the concave hole are longitudinal Ion Extraction centre bore of cathode 8, are conducive to the extraction of ion beam current.
In the present invention, the bottom of upper mask 4 and high pressure resistant I 12 sealing-in of graded insulation capsul, high pressure resistant graded insulation
It is provided with diameter and its consistent high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II 17 immediately below capsul I 12, high pressure resistant graded insulation is close
Anode cap 16 is installed in the cavity that capsule I 12 and high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II 17 are formed, is equipped on anode cap 16
Anode 10；The middle part of anode 10 is provided with an annular metal earrings, the outer diameter of earrings and high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I
12, high pressure resistant II 17 outer diameter of graded insulation capsul is in the same size, and the external ear upper and lower end face of earrings is exhausted with high pressure resistant segmentation respectively
Edge capsul I 12, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II 17 seal.Anode 10 is made using no magnetic metal, sun
The inside of pole 10 is a hollow cylinder, and the external anode tap of anode 10 supplies 10 voltage of anode, and the inside of anode cap 16 is empty
Between it is bigger, the extraction of ion beam current is stronger.
The bottom of high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II 17 and 11 sealing-in of electronics shaping ring, the upper surface of electronics shaping ring 11
Protrusion welds together with the lower edge of anode 10, the lower end of electronics shaping ring 11 and high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul III 18
Upper end seals；Electronics shaping ring 11 is made using no magnetic metal, and electronics shaping ring 11 uses additional electromagnetic field, is protected
The intensity for drawing magnetic field is held, the main extraction magnetic field of ion source that magnet steel 9 is constituted is by cathode base and anode 10 in anode
Portion establishes longitudinal magnetic field.Outside electronics shaping ring 11 in accelerator for neutron production, solderless wrapped connection electronic coil forms electronics magnetic field, is used for
The extraction magnetic field for enhancing ion beam current, meets the needs of high yield line.
In the present invention, interior intracavitary be provided with of high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul III 18 accelerates cylinder 13, high pressure resistant segmentation
The bottom of insulated enclosure shell III 18 and the upper end of lower mask 15 are welded, and accelerate cylinder 13 upper narrow to be made of no magnetic metal material
Lower wide cup-shaped barrel structure, lower end surface weld together with lower mask 15, connect negative high voltage jointly.Target is welded in lower mask 15
14, the target 14 is the band down payment category cylindrical structure being made into using the good metal material of no magnetic and thermal conductivity, band bottom round metal
The bottom of barrel structure is target matrix, and target matrix outer diameter is identical as the internal diameter of lower mask 15, and welds together with lower mask 15, target
Sealing-in ceramics on the inner face of matrix, plated film become hydrogen isotope target.The reactive end identity distance of target is from tube bottom about 15mm.Pass through improvement
The circuit design of generator can reach unit neutron flux height with the forward accelerator for neutron production in processing target bottom, and neutron yield is steady
It is fixed.
Relationship between neutron yield and flux and targeting:
Test condition: 50mm diameter neutron tube, deuterium deuterium alpha reaction mode accelerator for neutron production, using He3 pipe neutron measurement are used
Device, respectively in the axial direction vertical with target surface, 30 degree of axial angle, 60 degree, 90 degree, measure on 120 degree of directions, measure duration
It 30 seconds, is averaged:
By analysis it is found that the target 14 due to neutron tube is Style Columu Talget, target surface is significantly larger than side reaction cross-section face
Product, although statistics of the evolution direction of neutron on 4 directions π be it is average, influenced by response area, neutron is in space
In be unevenly distributed.Since the structure of target 14 is similar, the spatial distribution of neutron has similitude.It can by upper table statistics
To obtain, on the axial direction perpendicular to target surface, the yield highest of neutron, with the variation of angle, yield generates variation,
Neutron yield is minimum (on an angle of 90 degrees degree of axis) on the direction parallel with target surface.Yield changes maximum relative size (with vertical
Index in target surface direction is reference) it is about 25%.Operating voltage is higher, and deviation reduces, and in 102KV, the deviation of yield is
10.1%.Data above analytic explanation, on perpendicular to target surface direction, neutron yield highest, the neutron on unit area is logical
Amount is also higher than other directions.And due to end spaces very little before the target of neutron tube of the present invention, it is less than 20mm, it is ensured that source is arrived
The distance between object minimum.
In the present invention, for the secondary electron for preventing target 14 from releasing when being bombarded, the directive ion under electric field acceleration
Source, the present invention install electronic deflection permanent magnet 19 additional outside the bottom of target 14, the radial magnetic field generated by deflection permanent magnet 19, will
The electronics moved to Penning ion source deflects, and is then sponged by the metallic conductor of surrounding, which uses
The strong magnetic permanent magnet of cylindrical type ferro-aluminum boron.
In the present invention, the high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I 12, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II 17, resistance to
High-pressure subsection insulated enclosure shell III 18 is that the ceramics that three identical using diameter made of alumina ceramic material, length is different are exhausted
Edge pipe, their length have respectively constituted cathode, anode and the inner space for accelerating cylinder, and the high pressure that can be carried reaches
130KV。
In the present invention, by installing hydrogen isotope reservoir 5 in gas chamber 7, it can guarantee upper mask 4, high pressure resistant point
Section insulated enclosure shell I 12, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II 17, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul III 18, target 14 outer diameter
Within the scope of 15-20mm, the accelerator for neutron production within diameter 25mm can be made using the neutron tube.During the present invention reduces conscientiously
The diameter of sub- pipe, the design for taking the devices outer diameter such as ceramic insulation seal pipe, metal shell completely the same, is processed in which can be convenient
With the accelerator for neutron production of design minor diameter.It can satisfy the requirement such as oil well logging, hazardous material detection and medical applications.Meanwhile two
A hydrogen isotope memory 5 is both placed in gas chamber 7, is not welded to target end, is avoided and is caused target matrix peripheral devices and electricity
The challenge on road.
The present invention uses segment design, and middle part installs electronic rectifier ring additional, increases cricoid Electromagnetic Control line in generator
Circle guarantees the throughput scales that ion source is drawn for improving the magnetic flux of Penning ion source.Guarantee the yield of neutron.Neutron produces
Volume is greater than 1x108Neutron/second；Acceptable life is greater than normal temperature condition lower 1000 hours；Anti-seismic performance is good.
The present invention is by by cathode, magnet steel, anode, electronics shaping ring, the Penning ion source for accelerating cylinder, anode cap to form
Terminal ground potential, target terminate negative high voltage current potential, target end again without other devices, target end can with infinite approach tested article, and
It is being strongest direction along the neutron streaming on neutron tube axis direction, this kind of neutron tube is particularly suitable as neutron activation point
Analysis is used, and has very strong application value in hazardous material detection and neutron medical treatment；Penning ion source end is sealed in the resistance to of neutron tube
In the ceramic insulation capsul of high pressure, high voltage bearing ceramic insulation capsul is designed as seeking unity of standard, and is the wall of 3mm or so
Thickness can bear breakdown voltage between 12-15 ten thousand；Therefore, when making accelerator for neutron production using neutron tube of the invention,
Only it is noted that the electric discharge between high-voltage connection and outer wall is safe, so that it may guarantee the power supply safety of neutron tube.Outside the neutron tube
Diameter is consistent, and for 25mm outer diameter accelerator for neutron production, there are the space of 5mm between inside and neutron pipe outer wall, installation enough is high
Voltage lead wires use.
Volume inside neutron tube in the anode canister of Penning ion source is bigger, and the beam intensity that can be drawn is bigger.This
The outer diameter of the anode canister of the neutron tube of embodiment is suitable with ceramic insulation shell internal diameter, and Ion Extraction intensity is for generation per second 108
Above neutron.
The secondary electron released when in order to prevent target from being bombarded, the directive ion source under electric field acceleration, the present invention in
Target bottom lateral surface installs electronic deflection permanent magnet additional, the radial magnetic field generated by permanent magnet, by what is moved to Penning ion source
Electronics deflects, and is then sponged by the metallic conductor of surrounding.
Hydrogen isotope reservoir in the present invention uses zirconium reservoir, has very strong gettering ability to deuterium tritium gas.It is logical
The electric current of adjustment reservoir is crossed, to adjust the temperature of reservoir, achievees the purpose that control reservoir air-breathing and deflation.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although by upper
It states preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be in form
Various changes are made to it in upper and details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of microminiature neutron tube, it is characterised in that: the microminiature neutron tube includes electrode (1), exhaust pipe (2), copper
Head (3), upper mask (4), hydrogen isotope reservoir (5), earthing rod (6), cathode (8), magnet steel (9), anode (10), electronics shaping
Ring (11), accelerates cylinder (13), target (14), lower mask (15), anode cap (16), resistance to height at high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I (12)
Press graded insulation capsul II (17), high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul III (18)；
The copperhead (3) is welded in the upper inside wall of mask (4), and electrode (1) is welded on copperhead (3), upper mask (4)
Lower weld have cathode (8), place magnet steel (9) in cathode (8), formation gas chamber (7), gas chamber between cathode (8) and copperhead (3)
(7) it is equipped with hydrogen isotope reservoir (5) in, earthing rod (6) is located in gas chamber (7), and lower end and cathode (8) are connected as one
Body, upper end and copperhead (3) are welded；Exhaust pipe (2) is mounted on the middle part of copperhead (3), is connected to gas chamber (7)；
The bottom of upper mask (4) and high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I (12) sealing-in, high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I (12)
Underface is provided with diameter and its consistent high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II (17), high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I
(12) it is equipped with anode cap (16) in the cavity formed with high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II (17), anode cap is installed on (16)
There are anode (10)；
The bottom of high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II (17) and electronics shaping ring (11) sealing-in, the upper end of electronics shaping ring (11)
Face protrusion welds together with the lower edge of anode (10), the lower end of electronics shaping ring (11) and high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul
The upper end of III (18) seals, and interior intracavitary be provided with of high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul III (18) accelerates cylinder (13), resistance to
The bottom of high-pressure subsection insulated enclosure shell III (18) and the upper end of lower mask (15) are welded, and are welded with target in lower mask (15)
(14).
2. a kind of microminiature neutron tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: can be welded in the gas chamber (7)
One or two hydrogen isotope reservoir (5).
3. a kind of microminiature neutron tube according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the hydrogen isotope reservoir
(5) it is made of zirconia material.
4. a kind of microminiature neutron tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cathode (8) is sent out using electronics
The high metal production of coefficient is penetrated, magnet steel (9) is that can guarantee that the extraction magnetic field of cathode (8) is the strong magnetic permanent magnet of 2300 Gausses.
5. a kind of microminiature neutron tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the upper surface of described cover (4) uses magnetic conduction
Metal be made.
6. a kind of microminiature neutron tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the high pressure resistant graded insulation sealing
Shell I (12), high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II (17), high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul III (18) are three and use aluminium oxide
Ceramic material is made, and diameter is identical, length is different and can carry the ceramic insulating tube of 130KV high pressure.
7. a kind of microminiature neutron tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the anode (10), electronics shaping
Ring (11) is all made of no magnetic metal and is made, and the inside of anode (10) is a hollow cylinder.
8. a kind of according to claim 1, microminiature neutron tube described in 6 or 7, it is characterised in that: in the anode (10)
Portion is provided with an annular metal earrings, the outer diameter of earrings and high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I (12), high pressure resistant graded insulation
Capsul II (17) outer diameter is in the same size, the external ear upper and lower end face of earrings respectively with high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul I (12), resistance to
High-pressure subsection insulated enclosure shell II (17) seals.
9. a kind of microminiature neutron tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the target (14) be using no magnetic and
The band down payment category cylindrical structure that the good metal material of thermal conductivity is made into, the bottom with down payment category cylindrical structure are target matrix, target base
External diameter is identical as the internal diameter of lower mask (15), and welds together with lower mask (15), and sealing-in is made pottery on the inner face of target matrix
Porcelain, plated film become hydrogen isotope target.
10. a kind of microminiature neutron tube according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: dress outside the bottom of the target (14)
There are deflection permanent magnet (19).
11. a kind of microminiature neutron tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cathode (8) is by magnetic conduction material
The cold cathode cavity of one made of material, cavity lower end are the matrix of cathode (8), and matrix lower end surface is designed for concave hole, this is interior
Shrinkage pool is longitudinal Ion Extraction centre bore of cathode (8).
12. a kind of microminiature neutron tube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the acceleration cylinder (13) is to use
The up-narrow and down-wide cup-shaped barrel structure of no magnetic metal material production.
13. according to a kind of microminiature neutron tube described in one right of any of the above, it is characterised in that: upper mask (4), high pressure resistant
Graded insulation capsul I (12), high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul II (17), high pressure resistant graded insulation capsul III (18), target
(14) outer diameter is 15-20mm.
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| CN201811071502.8A CN109041397B (en) | 2018-09-14 | 2018-09-14 | A kind of microminiature neutron tube |
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| CN109041397B CN109041397B (en) | 2019-07-26 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109831868A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-05-31 | 兰州大学 | A kind of integrated small deuterium deuterium accelerator for neutron production |
| CN113097036A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-09 | 西京学院 | Neutron tube structure capable of leading penning ion source out in two directions |
| CN114007322A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-01 | 西京学院 | Neutron tube structure with magnetic anode tube penning ion source led out in two directions |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109831868A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-05-31 | 兰州大学 | A kind of integrated small deuterium deuterium accelerator for neutron production |
| CN109831868B (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2020-01-14 | 兰州大学 | Small-size deuterium neutron generator of integration |
| CN113097036A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-09 | 西京学院 | Neutron tube structure capable of leading penning ion source out in two directions |
| CN113097036B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2023-10-31 | 西京学院 | Neutron tube structure for bidirectionally leading out penning ion source |
| CN114007322A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-01 | 西京学院 | Neutron tube structure with magnetic anode tube penning ion source led out in two directions |
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